JPH048003B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention intermittently blows compressed air vigorously into the deep layer of the soil as it progresses, and this jet flow causes cracks in the cultivated soil to strengthen the soil. This invention relates to a self-propelled pneumatic soil improvement machine that is capable of expanding and softening the soil and supplying fresh air into the soil.

[Prior Art] This type of self-propelled pneumatic soil conditioner has been proposed, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-29102 (Plowing Platform Expanding and Softening Device). In the prior art, an air blowing body made of pipe material is fixed to the rear edge of the blade, and the tip of the air blowing body is formed in a shape substantially parallel to the direction of travel. An air blowing body is plunged into the soil and towed, and compressed air is intermittently blown into the soil from the fumarole in the process of advancement, thereby creating cracks in the soil and expanding and softening the soil. Furthermore, an air leakage prevention plate is disposed on the air blowing body at a rear position of the blowhole portion, substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the above-mentioned conventional tiller expansion and softening device, passage holes are formed in the soil as the air blower advances, and when blowing from the blowhole, the compressed air is The above-mentioned air leakage prevention plate is provided along the blowing body to prevent blow-through to the passage hole, but simply providing the air leakage prevention plate increases the index resistance and makes it difficult to tow. Tractors are required to have high horsepower. In addition, since the air blowing body is formed of a pipe and has a fumarole opening at its tip, there are problems such as clogging of the fumarole easily and poor straightness as it travels. It was hot.

The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and eliminates the blowing of the fumarole flow into the underground passage hole of the fumarole, and also significantly reduces the traction resistance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a self-propelled pneumatic soil improving machine that does not cause clogging and that improves straight-line performance by preventing fumes from escaping horizontally and vertically as the machine advances.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve this object, the self-propelled pneumatic soil conditioner of the present invention is equipped with a self-propelled pneumatic soil improver that is attached to and towed by a self-propelled vehicle and uses fumarole that penetrates vertically into the soil and travels. It has a strut and a fumarole attached to the lower end of the strut in a longitudinal direction, and the fumarole has a base fixed to the strut and a cannonball-shaped sharp point provided at the tip of the base. a narrow neck formed between the pointed part and the base and having a fumarole open therein, and an air passage that penetrates from the base to the narrow neck and communicates with the fumarole, and the air passage is installed in the above-ground part. A tapered part extending outward from the rear end of the thin neck is formed in the base part that communicates with the air supply source and corresponds to the opening position of the mouth end of the blowhole, and the rear end of the sharp part and the tapered part at the opening position of the mouth end are formed. The step with the rear end is formed to be larger than the step between the rear end of the sharp part on the bottom edge side and the rear end of the tapered part,
The trajectory of the rear end of the sharp part and the rear end of the tapered part when moving forward in the soil is such that the outer periphery of the rear end of the tapered part overlaps with the outer periphery of the rear end of the tapered part in a cross section perpendicular to the direction of advancement, and the rear end of the tapered part overlaps with the outer periphery of the rear end of the tapered part. The outer circumference is larger, and the two trajectories are close to each other on the bottom edge side, and the part corresponding to the mouth end opening position of the jet nozzle on the upper edge side is separated by a larger distance than the difference on the bottom edge side, while being towed by a self-propelled vehicle. It is characterized by a structure in which the fumarole column advances into the soil and compressed air is intermittently and forcefully blown out from the fumarole into the soil.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 designates a well-known riding tractor (self-propelled vehicle), and the rear of this tractor 1 includes a top link 2 and a pair of left and right lower links 3.
A three-point link hitch mechanism 4 consisting of
A soil improvement work machine 5 is mounted via this three-point link hitch mechanism 4 so as to be movable up and down.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the soil improvement work machine 5 has a top mast 7 connected to the top link 2 and a pair of left and right lower links connected to the lower link 3 at the front of a main frame 6. A connecting pin 3a is provided, and it is connected to the tractor 1 by a three-point link hitch mechanism 4 so as to be movable up and down. A compressor 8 with an input shaft 8a protruding forward is mounted on the main frame 6, and a main tank 9 is provided on one side of the compressor 8 and communicates with the compressor 8 via a communication pipe 9a. ing. Furthermore, plowing depth adjustment wheels 10 are attached to both left and right sides of the main frame 6 so as to be vertically adjustable. Power is transmitted to the input shaft 8a from the PTO shaft 1a of the tractor 1 via an extendable propeller shaft 11.

A sub-tank 12 that also serves as a horizontal frame is fixed to the rear end of the main frame 6. This sub-tank 12 has three sub-tanks arranged in a row by partitioning a hollow horizontal frame with both sides sealed with partitions 13, 13, and a circular opening 14 at the rear of each sub-tank 12. are provided, and these openings 14 are closed to the lid 15 when not in use.
When used, a mounting seat 16 is attached with bolts and nuts 17, as shown in FIG. A three-port solenoid valve 18 and a jet stanchion mounting plate 19 are mounted on the mounting seat 16.

The solenoid valve 18 has a first port 20 connected to the main tank 9 via a communication pipe 18a, a second port 21 connected to the sub tank 12, and a third port 22 connected to an air supply pipe 29, which will be described later. It has a valve body 23 for switching. The valve body 23 is rotatably supported by the other end of a swing arm 24 whose one end is pivotally supported at the rear end of the sub-tank 12, and is supported by lugs 25a, 2 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
5a... and a gauge wheel 25 having protrusions, and is switched by a micro switch 26 which is turned on and off by coming into contact with and separating from the protrusions, and connects the main tank 9 and the sub-tank 12, and the sub-tank 12 and the air supply pipe 29, respectively. They are alternately switched to a communicating state. For example, this micro switch 26 connects the sub tank 12 and the air supply pipe 29 when turned on, and connects the main tank 9 and the sub tank 12 when turned off.

In addition, from the main tank 9 to the solenoid valve 1
The communication pipes 18a to 8 are connected via a branch joint in the middle of the communication pipe extending from the main tank 9, and connect the end of one communication pipe to the middle of the sub-tank 12 on the left side and the center in FIG. The ends of the two communication pipes are placed along the middle of the center and right side sub-tanks 12, and one-touch couplers are connected to each end of the two main tank side communication pipes and the communication pipe extending from the solenoid valve 18. Installation: The one-touch coupler at the end of the main tank side communication pipe has an internal automatic opening/closing valve mechanism that automatically opens when the one-touch coupler at the end of the solenoid side communication pipe is connected and automatically closes when disconnected. are doing.

A fume strut 28 is attached to the fume strut mounting plate 19 with a set bolt 27.
8 has a blade edge 28a on the front edge, an air supply pipe 29 is attached along the rear edge, and a fume gas 30 is provided on the lower end.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 5 to 11, the fumarole 30 includes a base 31 fixed to the lower end of the fumarole strut 28 and protruding forward, and a narrow neck 32 formed on the front side of the base 31. , a bullet-shaped sharpened portion 33 provided on the front side of the narrow neck portion 32, and a blowhole 34 opened in the narrow neck portion 32 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 5, the planar shape of the fumarole 30 is formed symmetrically, and a narrow neck 32 is formed by forming a step from the terminal end of the sharpened portion 33 to have a narrow width. A total of three blowholes 34 are bored, one directly above and one diagonally upward on the left and right, forming a tapered part 31c that spreads outward from the rear end of the thin neck part 32 to become wide, and its maximum width is a sharp point. The main body portion 3 is wider than the maximum width of the portion 33 and has a slight taper (1 degree) from the tip to the rear end.
A base portion 31 is formed from 1a.

As shown in FIG. 6, the shape of the side surface of the fumarole 30 is such that the bottom edge extends approximately horizontally from the bottom edge of the pointed part 33 at the rear end of the cannonball-shaped pointed part 33, and the upper edge extends from the bottom edge of the pointed part 33.
A narrow neck portion 32 is formed by forming a stepped portion from the rear end of the thin neck portion 32 extending substantially horizontally, and a tapered portion 31c is formed from the rear end of the narrow neck portion 32 with an upper edge steeply sloped from the bottom edge and expanding outward. The base portion 31 is formed of a main body portion 31a whose width is larger than the maximum width of the sharpened portion 33. Further, the base portion 31 is provided with a fume strut fixing seat 31b above the rear end portion of the main body portion 31a, and an air supply pipe attachment groove 29a at the rear end. Furthermore, the base 31
A ventilation path 35 is provided from the to the narrow neck portion 32 to communicate with the blowhole 34. This ventilation path 35
communicates with the lower end of the air supply pipe 29 at its rear end, becomes gradually thinner with a slight taper from the rear end toward the tip, and communicates with the blowhole 34 . In addition, 3
Of the individual blowholes 34, those opening directly above are threaded so that they can be closed as necessary. Note that the number of blowholes can be changed as appropriate depending on the opening area of each blowhole, etc., and it is sufficient that at least one or more blowholes are provided.

The cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the advancing direction of the fumarole 30 is
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the cross-sections of the base 31, the narrow neck 32, and the pointed part 33 are formed in the shape of a chestnut, and the maximum cross-sectional area of each of the narrow neck 32, the sharp neck 33, and the base 31 is in this order. It's getting bigger.

As shown in FIG. 8, the opening positions of the three blowholes 34 on the outer circumferential surface are set in a range of 180 degrees above a reference line L connecting two points that are the maximum widths in the left-right width direction of the narrow neck portion 32, The left and right blowholes 34 are
For example, the expansion angle R is set diagonally upward to 120 degrees.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 8, and 9, in the external shape and cross-sectional shape, there is a step l on the upper edge side from the upper edge to the side edge of the rear end of the sharpened portion 33 and the narrow neck portion 32. ₁ , an upper edge step l ₁ ′ between the upper edge of the narrow neck portion 32 and the upper edge of the rear end of the tapered portion 31c, and an upper edge step l _{2 between the upper edge of the rear end of the sharpened portion 33 and the upper edge of the rear end of the tapered portion 31c.} , a side edge step _l3 in width between the rear end of the sharp part 33 and the rear end of the tapered part 31c is provided to cover the front and rear of the mouth end opening position of the jet nozzle 34, and The step forming range is set by the mouth end opening area of the jet nozzle 34 . Moreover, the step l ₄ between the bottom edge of the sharp portion 33 and the tapered portion 31c is as follows:
Since the bottom edge side of the base 31 is weak in blowing through the compressed air passage hole, there is a step difference in the upper edge from the upper edge to the side edge.
It can be smaller than _l2 or side edge step _l3 ; if it is made too large, the cross-sectional area of the fume 30 increases and the traction resistance increases. Therefore, the respective relationships are l ₁ ′=l ₁ +l ₂ , l ₁ is always smaller than l ₁ ′, l ₂ ≒l ₃ , and l ₄ <l ₂ ≒l ₃ . Due to this relationship, when the fumarole 30 moves forward in the soil, the trajectory of the rear end of the sharp part 33 and the rear end of the tapered part 31c is as shown in FIG. 3
3. The outer periphery of the tapered part 31c overlaps with the outer periphery of the rear end, and the tapered part 31c is larger, and both trajectories approach at the bottom edge, and in the part corresponding to the mouth opening position of the jet nozzle on the upper edge side, the outer periphery of the tapered part 31c overlaps with the outer periphery of the rear end. The distance between them is larger than that of the veranda.

Incidentally, reference numeral 36 is a stand provided on both left and right sides of the rear part of the sub-tank 12 so as to be adjustable up and down.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

The soil improvement work device 5 is attached to the rear of the tractor 1 via a three-point link hitch mechanism 4, and receives power from the PTO shaft 1a of the tractor 1 via the propeller shaft 11 to the input shaft 8a of the compressor 8. Depending on the field conditions, the sub-tank 12 may contain the sub-tank 1.
Select 2 and install the required number of fumarole struts 28 and solenoid valves 18, etc., and replace the unused ones with lid 1.
Let's cover it in 5. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the fumarole column 28 is plunged into the soil of the field to the depth set by the plowing depth adjustment wheels 10, 10, and the soil is removed by the tractor 1 with the gauge wheel 25 in contact with the field. The improved work machine 5 is towed and moved forward. This forward movement causes the gauge wheel 25 to touch the ground and rotate, and its protrusion turns on the micro switch 26.
Turn it off.

On the other hand, the high pressure air compressed by the compressor 8 is accumulated in the main tank 9, and the micro switch 26
When the solenoid valve 18 is turned off, the valve body 23 of the solenoid valve 18 is turned off.
At the position shown by the solid line in the figure, the first port 20 and the second port 21 communicate with each other, and compressed air is accumulated in the sub tank 12 from the main tank 9. Furthermore, when the micro switch 26 is turned on, the valve body 23 is switched to the imaginary line position shown in FIG. Trachea 29, airway 35
It is vigorously ejected from the fumarole 34 through the air, creating cracks in the deep soil and cultivating it deeply. At this time, the first port 20 is closed by the rotation of the valve body 23. By repeating such operations, the soil through which the fumarole struts 28 and the fumarole bodies 30 have passed is deeply plowed at predetermined intervals.

During this deep plowing process, most of the compressed air that is vigorously ejected from the fumarole 34 that opens in three directions, directly above and diagonally upward on the left and right, is blown up while spreading upward, causing cracks in the soil above the fumarole 30. It causes swelling and softening, and at the same time supplies fresh air into the soil. At this time, some of the compressed air tries to blow through to the fumarole passage hole behind the fumarole opening position, but
A tapered portion 31c having upper edge steps l ₂ and l ₃ is provided at the rear of the fumarole 34, so that the fumarole 3
0 moves forward, the tapered portion 31c closes the path of the sharp point 33 to prevent compressed air from blowing through. Also, a small amount of compressed air is
The fumarole 30 tries to blow through from the bottom of the fumarole 30 through the gap between the fumarole 30 and the soil from the side of the fumarole 34 to the fumarole passage hole, but there is a bottom edge step at the bottom of the fumarole.
Since L ₄ is provided, this bottom edge step L ₄ bites into the bottom edge of the passage of the sharpened portion 33 and seals it.
Prevents compressed air from blowing through. Therefore, blowing of compressed air into the fumarole passage hole is completely prevented, and efficient deep plowing work is performed without loss.

Further, the fumarole 30 itself is formed with a tapered portion 31c necessary to prevent compressed air from blowing through to the fumarole passage hole as described above, and has a tapered portion 31c at a position corresponding to the fumarole opening.
That is, on the upper edge side, upper edge steps l ₂ and l ₃ are formed,
Since the blow-through of compressed air is weak on the bottom edge side, a step l ₄ smaller than the upper edge steps l ₂ and l ₃ is formed,
Since the cross-sectional shape is made as small as possible, traction resistance is significantly reduced.

Furthermore, since the fumarole 30 is formed symmetrically in plan view, there is little lateral deflection when moving forward, and when viewed from the side, it is formed in a shape that receives downward action from the sharp point 33 to the base 31 when moving forward. Since the bottom edge side has a flatter shape than the upper edge side, it is more susceptible to ground pressure, and while maintaining balance with the downward action. , the fumarole is prevented from sinking due to the reaction force of the compressed air ejected upward from the fumarole port 34, and the straightness is good.

Further, since the fumarole 34 opens into a narrow neck 32 formed at the rear end of the sharpened portion 33 having an upper edge step l ₁ , while the fumarole 30 is moving through the soil, the soil flows into the fumarole 34 . No clogging phenomenon occurs.

Depending on soil conditions, if the soil above the fumarole 30 can be sufficiently expanded and softened by two of the fumaroles 34 diagonally on the left and right, the one that opens directly above can be closed with a cap. You may.

In addition, the plowing depth of the blower column 28 can be freely adjusted using the plowing depth adjustment wheel 10 that can be moved up and down, and when not working, the soil improvement work device 5 is lifted up by the three-point link hitch mechanism 4 and placed on the stand 36. , or remove the soil improvement work machine 5 from the three-point link hitch mechanism 4 and install the stand 31 and tillage depth adjustment wheel 1.
0 allows the fumarole 30 to be supported without being grounded or supported.

Note that the outer peripheral taper of the main body portion 31a of the above embodiment may be eliminated, and the width may be made equal from the tip to the rear end.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the present invention comprises a fumarole consisting of a base, a narrow neck with an opening of the fumarole, and a sharp point, and a fumarole with a base corresponding to the opening position of the mouth end of the fumarole. forms a tapered part that spreads outward from the rear end of the narrow neck, and the step between the rear end of the sharp part and the rear end of the tapered part at the mouth opening position is the same as the rear end of the sharp part on the bottom green side and the rear end of the tapered part. The path of the rear end of the sharp part and the rear end of the tapered part when moving forward in the soil is formed to be larger than the step between The outer circumferences overlap, and the outer circumference at the rear end of the tapered part is larger, and both trajectories approach on the bottom edge side, and are separated by a larger distance than the difference on the bottom edge side in the part corresponding to the mouth end opening position of the jet nozzle on the upper edge side. Since the structure is configured so that the compressed air blows through to the vent of the fumarole as the fumarole moves forward, there is a large step l ₂ at the rear of the fumarole opening position.
l ₃ and a small step l ₄ at the bottom edge of the fumarole block the passage trace of the sharp part, so blow-through can be prevented. Also, in order to reduce the traction resistance, the small step l 4 to the passage hole The blow-by of compressed air is strongest on the upper edge side of the fumarole in the area behind the fumarole opening position, and in the area where it tries to blow through from the bottom edge of the fumarole through the minute gap between the fumarole and the soil on the side of the fumarole. Focusing on the small amount, the step on the bottom edge side was formed to be considerably smaller than the step at the nozzle opening position, so the cross-sectional area of the fumarole could be made small, and as a result, the traction resistance could be significantly reduced.

That is, in the conventional system, in order to prevent compressed air from blowing into the fumarole passage hole, an air leakage prevention plate or the like is provided behind the opening position of the fumarole and largely covers the circumferential surface of the fumarole. Although this has the effect of preventing blow-through, the cross-sectional area becomes larger and the traction resistance increases, which poses a serious problem in actual work. It is possible to efficiently prevent compressed air from blowing into the hole, and to make the maximum cross-sectional area of the fumarole small, achieving both of these effects at the same time.

In addition, a step _l1 is provided between the rear end of the sharp point and the narrow neck where the fumarole opens, which solves the problem of soil clogging the fumarole.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side view showing the main parts of the self-propelled pneumatic soil improvement machine, Figure 2 is a rear view of the soil improvement work machine in the self-propelled pneumatic soil improvement machine, and Figure 3 is a plan view of the same. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional plan view of the main part, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the fumarole, FIG. 6 is a sectional side view of the fumarole, and FIGS. 7 to 9 are AA, B- 10 is a view taken along the Z arrow in FIG. 6, and FIG. 11 is a side view of the fumarole strut and the fumarole. 1... Riding tractor, 2... Stop link, 3
...Lower link, 4...3-point link hitch mechanism, 5...
Soil improvement work machine, 6... Main frame, 7... Top mast, 8... Compactor, 9... Main tank, 10
... Plowing depth adjustment wheel, 11... Propeller shaft, 12...
Sub-tank, 13... Partition, 14... Opening, 15
...Lid body, 16...Mounting seat, 17...Bolt/nut,
18... Solenoid valve, 19... Fumarole strut mounting plate, 20... First port, 21... Second port,
22... Third port, 23... Valve body, 24... Swing arm, 25... Gauge wheel, 26... Micro switch, 27... Set bolt, 28... Fumarole strut, 29... Intake pipe, 30... Fumarole body, 31... Base,
31c...Tapered part, 32...Narrow neck part, 33...Pointed part, 34...Full vent, 35...Air passage, 36...Stand.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. It has a fumarole column that is attached to and towed by a self-propelled vehicle and moves vertically through the soil, and a fumarole body that is attached to the lower end of the column so as to face forward and backward, and the fumarole body has: A base fixed to the fumarole strut, a cannonball-shaped sharpened part provided on the tip side of the base, a narrow neck formed between the sharpened parts and the base with a fumarole opening, and a narrow neck that penetrates from the base to the narrow neck. a vent passage communicating with the fumarole, the vent passage communicating with a compressed air supply source installed above the ground, and a base corresponding to the opening position of the mouth end of the fumarole;
A tapered part is formed that spreads outward from the rear end of the narrow neck, and the step between the rear end of the sharp part and the rear end of the tapered part at the mouth opening position is the same as the difference between the rear end of the sharp part and the rear end of the tapered part on the bottom edge side. The trajectory of the rear end of the sharp part and the rear end of the tapered part when moving forward in the soil is such that the outer periphery of the rear end of the tapered part is the same as the outer periphery of the rear end of the tapered part in a cross section perpendicular to the advancing direction. The outer periphery of the rear end of the tapered part is larger than the outer periphery of the tapered part due to the overlap, and the two trajectories approach each other on the bottom edge side, and are separated by a larger distance than the difference on the bottom edge side in the part corresponding to the mouth end opening position of the jet nozzle on the upper edge side. , a self-propelled pneumatic type characterized in that the fumarole column advances into the soil while being towed by a self-propelled vehicle, and compressed air is intermittently and forcefully ejected from the fumarole into the soil. Soil improvement machine.