JPH0481747B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0481747B2 JPH0481747B2 JP18883486A JP18883486A JPH0481747B2 JP H0481747 B2 JPH0481747 B2 JP H0481747B2 JP 18883486 A JP18883486 A JP 18883486A JP 18883486 A JP18883486 A JP 18883486A JP H0481747 B2 JPH0481747 B2 JP H0481747B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sound
- unit
- circular
- receivers
- array
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明はソーナの受音装置あるいは送音装置に
関し、特に、円形アレイあるいは円筒形アレイの
ビーム形成装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a sonar sound receiving or transmitting device, and more particularly to a circular array or cylindrical array beam forming device.
（従来の技術）
従来、ソーナの送音系あるいは受音系に使用さ
れる送音器あるいは受音器としての円形アレイま
たは円筒形アレイは、複数個の無指向性の送温音
あるいは受音器によつてアレイを構成し、該各送
音器あるいは受音器の円周配列角度に応じて、こ
れら各送音器あるいは受音器の音波レベルを順次
遅延させて整相したビームを形成するようにして
いた。(Prior Art) Conventionally, a circular array or a cylindrical array as a sound transmitter or sound receiver used in a sound transmitting system or a sound receiving system of a sonar has a plurality of omnidirectional heat transmitting or receiving sounds. The sound wave level of each sound transmitter or sound receiver is sequentially delayed to form a phased beam according to the circumferential arrangement angle of each sound transmitter or sound receiver. I was trying to do that.
第２図は、従来の一構成例を示す受波制御系の
ブロツク図である。第２図において、１は複数個
の無指向性の受波器で、その各々が円形の周囲に
配列されている。２1〜２oは前置増幅器で、受波
器１の各出力を増幅する。３1〜３oは遅延回路
で、円周に配列された受波器１の各々の円周配列
角度に応じて、その各出力を相互に順次遅延させ
る。４1〜４oは後記する重みづけ回路、５は、重
みづけ回路４1〜４oを経た受波器１の各々のデー
タを相加する加算器である。前記遅延回路３1〜
３oの各遅延時間は、加算器５により相加された
音波レベルdBの指向特性が円周に沿つて順次回
転するように設定されている。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a wave reception control system showing an example of a conventional configuration. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a plurality of omnidirectional receivers, each of which is arranged around a circle. 2 1 to 2 o are preamplifiers that amplify each output of the receiver 1. 3 1 to 3 o are delay circuits that sequentially delay the respective outputs of the receivers 1 arranged on the circumference according to the circumferential arrangement angle of each of the receivers 1 . 4 1 to 4 o are weighting circuits to be described later, and 5 is an adder for adding up each data of the receiver 1 that has passed through the weighting circuits 4 1 to 4 o . The delay circuit 3 1 -
The delay times of 3 o are set so that the directivity of the sound wave level dB added by the adder 5 rotates sequentially along the circumference.
第３図は、第２図による制御系によつて得られ
たビームパターン例であり、音波の進行方向に対
して、横軸を受波器１の円周配列角として受波レ
ベルdBを示し、この場合、便宜上、重みづけ回
路４1〜４oがない場合を表わしている。 Fig. 3 shows an example of a beam pattern obtained by the control system shown in Fig. 2, and shows the received wave level dB with the horizontal axis as the circumferential arrangement angle of the receiver 1 with respect to the traveling direction of the sound wave. , In this case, for convenience, the case is shown in which the weighting circuits 4 1 to 4 o are not provided.
第３図を参照し、主極大Ａとともに副極大Ｂ，
B′が表われて指向特性が劣化するので、重みづ
け回路４1〜４oは、副極大Ｂ，B′のレベルを下げ
るためにモデフアイド・テイラー（Modified
Taylor）の重みづけを行うようにしたものであ
る。第４図は、その重みづけを行つた結果を示し
ている。 Referring to Figure 3, along with the main maximum A, the sub-maximum B,
B' appears and the directivity characteristics deteriorate, so the weighting circuits 41 to 4o use a modified Taylor (Modified
Taylor) weighting. FIG. 4 shows the results of this weighting.
第５図は、従来の他の構成例としてバツフル付
円筒アレイを使用した受波制御系のブロツク図
で、６は円筒状のバツフルである。受波器１の各
出力は第２図におけると同様に制御される。第６
図は、そのビームパターン例であり、バツフル６
は理想的に音波を完全反射させるものとし、音波
はアレイサイズと使用周波数に応じた回折現象を
生ずるものとして算出したものである。なお重み
づけ回路４1〜４oによる重みづけを行つた結果を
示している。 FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a wave reception control system using a cylindrical array with baffles as another conventional configuration example, where 6 is a cylindrical baffle. Each output of the receiver 1 is controlled in the same way as in FIG. 6th
The figure shows an example of the beam pattern.
is calculated assuming that ideally the sound wave is completely reflected, and that the sound wave causes a diffraction phenomenon depending on the array size and the frequency used. Note that the results shown are the results of weighting performed by weighting circuits 4 1 to 4 o .
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
しかしながら、第２図の構成によつて得られ
た、第３図に示すビームパターンにおいては、副
極レベルが高いのでソーナの分解能が低下する。
また、その重みづけを行つた第４図のビームパタ
ーン、あるいは第５図の構成によつて得られた、
第６図に示すビームパターンにおいては、180°方
位のレベルが高くなるので、180°方位の虚像及び
雑音のレベルを押え切れず、同様にソーナの分解
能が低下する。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the beam pattern shown in FIG. 3 obtained by the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the sub-pole level is high, so the resolution of the sonar is reduced.
In addition, the beam pattern obtained with the weighting shown in Fig. 4 or the configuration shown in Fig. 5,
In the beam pattern shown in FIG. 6, the level in the 180° azimuth is high, so the level of the virtual image and noise in the 180° azimuth cannot be suppressed, and the sonar resolution similarly decreases.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明は前記問題点を解決するために、送音系
に使用される各単位の送音器あるいは受音系に使
用される各単位の受音器を円形あるいは円筒形の
周囲に配列して該各単位の送音器あるいは受音器
の音波のレベルをその円周配列角度に応じて相互
に順次遅延させて、音波のビームパターンを形成
するソーナ装置の円形または円筒形アレイにおい
て、前記単位の送音器あるいは受音器は、カージ
オイド指向性を有し該各単位の送音器あるいは受
音器の指向軸を、前記円形あるいは円筒形の法線
方向と一致させて構成したものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a sound transmitter for each unit used in the sound transmission system or a sound receiver for each unit used in the sound reception system. A sonar device that is arranged around a circular or cylindrical shape and forms a beam pattern of sound waves by sequentially delaying the sound wave levels of the sound transmitters or sound receivers of each unit according to the circumferential arrangement angle. in a circular or cylindrical array, the units of sound transmitters or sound receivers have cardioid directivity, and the directivity axis of each unit of sound transmitters or sound receivers is aligned with the direction of the circular or cylindrical array. It is configured to match the line direction.
更に受音系に使用される各単位の受波器を円形
あるいは円筒形の周囲に配列して該各単位の受波
器の音波のレベルをその円周配列角度に応じて相
互に順次遅延させて、音波のビームパターンを形
成するソーナ装置の円形または円筒形状アレイに
おいて、前記単位の受音器は、カージオイド指向
性を有し該各単位の受波器の指向軸を、前記円形
あるいは円筒形の法線方向と一致させており、前
記各単位の受波器のうちの１つを起点として該起
点からの両方向の各円周配列角度に応じて該両方
向の相互に対称に前記各音波のレベルの利得を調
節する重みづけ回路を設けて構成したものであ
る。 Further, the receivers of each unit used in the sound receiving system are arranged around a circular or cylindrical shape, and the sound wave levels of the receivers of each unit are sequentially delayed from each other according to the angle of the circumferential arrangement. In a circular or cylindrical array of sonar devices forming a beam pattern of sound waves, the units of sound receivers have cardioid directivity and the directivity axis of each unit of receivers is aligned with the circular or cylindrical array. The sound waves are arranged symmetrically in both directions according to the circumferential arrangement angle in both directions from the starting point from one of the receivers of each unit. This configuration includes a weighting circuit that adjusts the gain of the level.
（作用）
単位の送波器あるいは単位の受波器がそれぞれ
法線方向のカージオイド指向性を有しているの
で、法線方向以外の方向の音波のレベルは法線方
向との傾きが増すにつれて低下する。よつて主極
レベルに対してその配列角度の増加に伴つて比較
的急峻にレベルの低下をもたらすようなビームパ
ターンが得られる。(Function) Since each unit transmitter or unit receiver has cardioid directivity in the normal direction, the level of sound waves in directions other than the normal direction increases inclination with the normal direction. decreases as the temperature increases. As a result, a beam pattern is obtained in which the level decreases relatively steeply as the arrangement angle increases with respect to the main pole level.
更には、受音系において、単位の受音器にカー
ジオイド特性を持たせたことに加えて、重みづけ
回路を設けたことにより、主極から180°方位の音
波のレベルを押えた上で、副極レベルを低下させ
得る。 Furthermore, in the sound receiving system, in addition to giving the unit sound receiver a cardioid characteristic, a weighting circuit has been installed to suppress the level of sound waves at 180° from the main pole. , may reduce subpolar levels.
（実施例）
第１図は、本発明の一実施例を示す受波制御系
のブロツク図であり、従来例と同一構成部分は同
一符号によつて表わし、その説明は適宜省略す
る。(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wave reception control system showing an embodiment of the present invention. Components that are the same as those of the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the explanation thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
７はカージオイド指向性を有する受波器であ
り、複数個の単位の受波器７Ａによつて構成さ
れ、その各々は円形または円筒形に配列されてい
る。 Reference numeral 7 denotes a wave receiver having cardioid directivity, and is composed of a plurality of units of wave receivers 7A, each of which is arranged in a circular or cylindrical shape.
第７図は、受波器７の各単位の受波器７Ａにつ
いて、カージオイド指向性を実現するための構成
を示すものである。７A1，７A2はそれぞれ対を
なした無指向性受波器で、受波器７の配列円の法
線方向Ｎに配列されている。８，８′は感度調節
用の増幅器で、受波器７A1，７A2の感度差を予
め調節する。９は前置増幅器で、増幅器８，８′
の相互の加算レベルを増幅する。１０は進相回路
で、前置増幅器９の出力を90°進相させる。前記
増幅器９は進相回路１０によるレベル低下を補償
するために設けたものである。前置増幅器２1は
増幅器８，８′の相互の差のレベルと進相回路１
０のレベルとの加算レベルを受ける。該加算レベ
ルはカージオイド指向性のレベルとなり、これを
第８図の実線で示し、その最大感度軸（指向軸）
を法線方向Ｎと一致させてある。１１は重みづけ
回路であり、第２図、第５図における重みづけ回
路と同様に副極レベルＢ，B′を低下させるため
に設けたものである。なお、その重みづけの度合
については異にしている。 FIG. 7 shows a configuration for realizing cardioid directivity for each unit of the receiver 7A of the receiver 7. 7A 1 and 7A 2 are a pair of omnidirectional receivers, which are arranged in the normal direction N of the arrangement circle of the receivers 7. Reference numerals 8 and 8' denote amplifiers for adjusting sensitivity, which adjust the sensitivity difference between the receivers 7A 1 and 7A 2 in advance. 9 is a preamplifier, amplifiers 8, 8'
amplify the mutual addition level of . 10 is a phase advancing circuit which advances the phase of the output of the preamplifier 9 by 90 degrees. The amplifier 9 is provided to compensate for the level drop caused by the phase advancing circuit 10. Preamplifier 2 1 is the difference level between amplifiers 8 and 8' and phase advance circuit 1
Receives an addition level with the 0 level. The addition level becomes the level of cardioid directivity, which is shown by the solid line in Figure 8, and its maximum sensitivity axis (directivity axis)
is made to coincide with the normal direction N. Reference numeral 11 denotes a weighting circuit, which is provided to lower the sub-pole levels B and B', similar to the weighting circuits in FIGS. 2 and 5. Note that the degree of weighting is different.
第９図は第１図による制御系によつて得られた
ビームパターン例であり、重みづけ回路１１によ
る重みづけを行つた結果を示している。各単位の
受波器７Ａがそれぞれ法線方向のカージオイド指
向性を有しているので、法線方向以外の方向から
進行する音波の受波レベルは法線方向との傾きが
増すにつれて低下する。よつて図の0°から180°に
至る間のレベル低下が著しくなる。 FIG. 9 is an example of a beam pattern obtained by the control system shown in FIG. 1, and shows the results of weighting by the weighting circuit 11. Since each unit of receiver 7A has cardioid directivity in the normal direction, the reception level of sound waves traveling from directions other than the normal direction decreases as the slope with respect to the normal direction increases. . Therefore, the level decreases significantly from 0° to 180° in the figure.
第１０図は、本発明の他の実施例として送波制
御系のブロツク図である。１２は発進器で、所定
の周期をもつてピンガパルスを発生する。１３1
〜１３oは遅延回路で、第１図における遅延回路
と同様に機能する。１４1〜１４oは電力増幅器、
１５1〜１５oはカージオイド合成回路で、各単位
の送波器１６Ａの各無指向性の送波器１６A1，
１６A2に与えて、単位の送波器１６Ａから第８
図に示すガードオイド指向性が得られるようにし
ている。なお、各単位の送波器１６Ａの各々は第
１図におけると同様に円周に配置されて送波器１
６を形成している。 FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a wave transmission control system as another embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 12 denotes a starter, which generates ping pulses at a predetermined period. 13 1
13o is a delay circuit, which functions similarly to the delay circuit in FIG. 14 1 to 14 o are power amplifiers,
15 1 to 15 o are cardioid synthesis circuits, each omnidirectional transmitter 16A 1 of the transmitter 16A of each unit,
16A 2 , unit transmitter 16A to 8th
The guardoid directivity shown in the figure is obtained. In addition, each of the transmitters 16A of each unit is arranged on the circumference as in FIG.
6 is formed.
よつて第１０図の構成による制御系においても
第９図に準じたビームパターンが得られる。 Therefore, even in the control system having the configuration shown in FIG. 10, a beam pattern similar to that shown in FIG. 9 can be obtained.
（発明の効果）
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、各単位
の送波器または受波器にカージオイド指向性を持
たせ、その指向軸を配列円の法線方向に一致させ
たことにより、主極以外の周辺のレベルが低下
し、よつてソーナの分解能が向上する。また受波
系において、副極レベルを低下させるための各受
波レベルの重みづけを行う場合にも主極以外のレ
ベルは高くならないので、雑音レベル等により分
解能の低下を招くこともない。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, each unit of the transmitter or receiver has cardioid directivity, and its directivity axis is aligned with the normal direction of the array circle. As a result, the level of the surrounding areas other than the main pole is lowered, and the resolution of the sonar is improved. Furthermore, in the receiving system, even when weighting each receiving level in order to lower the sub-pole level, the levels other than the main pole do not become high, so there is no reduction in resolution due to noise level or the like.
第１図は本発明の実施例を示す受波制御系のブ
ロツク図、第２図は従来の一構成例を示す制御系
のブロツク図、第３図は第２図の制御系による、
重みづけを行わない場合のビームパターン例、第
４図は第２図の制御系においてその重みづけを行
つた場合のビームパターン例、第５図は従来の他
の構成例を示す制御系のブロツク図、第６図は第
５図の制御系による、重みづけを行つた場合のビ
ームパターン例、第７図は本発明の実施例におけ
るカージオイド指向性の単位の受波器の構成図、
第８図は第７図の構成によつて得られるカージオ
イド特性図、第９図は第１図の制御系による重み
づけを行なつた場合のビームパターン例、第１０
図は本発明の他の実施例を示す送波制御系のブロ
ツク図である。
３1〜３o，１３1〜１３o……遅延回路、７……
受波器、７Ａ……単位の受波器、１１1〜１１o…
…重みづけ回路、１６……送波路、１６Ａ……単
位の送波器。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wave reception control system showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system showing an example of a conventional configuration, and FIG. 3 is based on the control system of FIG.
An example of a beam pattern when weighting is not performed, FIG. 4 is an example of a beam pattern when weighting is applied to the control system of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control system showing another conventional configuration example. 6 is an example of a beam pattern when weighting is performed by the control system of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a receiver with cardioid directivity in an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a cardioid characteristic diagram obtained with the configuration shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is an example of a beam pattern when weighting is performed by the control system shown in FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure is a block diagram of a wave transmission control system showing another embodiment of the present invention. 3 1 ~ 3 o , 13 1 ~ 13 o ... delay circuit, 7 ...
Receiver, 7A... unit receiver, 11 1 ~ 11 o ...
...Weighting circuit, 16... wave transmission path, 16A... unit transmitter.
Claims (1)
受音系に使用される各単位の受音器を円形あるい
は円筒形の周囲に配列しても該各単位の送音器あ
るいは受音器の音波のレベルをその円周配列角度
に応じて相互に順次遅延させて、音波のビームパ
ターンを形成するソーナ装置の円形または円筒形
アレイにおいて、 前記単位の送音器あるいは受音器は、カージオ
イド指向性を有し該各単位の送音器あるいは受音
器の指向軸を、前記円形あるいは円筒形の法線方
向と一致させていることを特徴とする カージオイド型円形アレイ、円筒アレイ。 ２ 受音系に使用される各単位の受波器を円形あ
るいは円筒形の周囲に配列して該各単位の受波器
の音波のレベルをその円周配列角度に応じて相互
に順次遅延させて、音波のビームパターンを形成
するソーナ装置の円形または円筒形アレイにおい
て、 前記単位の受音器は、カージオイド指向性を有
し該各単位の受波器の指向軸を、前記円形あるい
は円筒形の法線方向と一致させており、 前記各単位の受波器のうちの１つを起点として
該起点からの両方向の各円周配列角度に応じて該
両方向の相互に対称に前記各音波のレベルの利得
を調節する重みづけ回路を設けていることを特徴
とする カージオイド型円形アレイ、円筒形アレイ。[Claims] 1. Even if each unit of sound transmitter used in the sound transmission system or each unit of sound receiver used in the sound reception system is arranged around a circular or cylindrical shape, each unit of the sound transmitter used in the sound transmission system or each unit of sound receiver used in the sound reception system is A circular or cylindrical array of sonar devices which sequentially retard the levels of the sound waves of the sound transmitters or receivers with respect to each other according to their circumferential array angles to form a beam pattern of sound waves, the sound transmitters of said units Alternatively, the sound receiver has cardioid directivity, and the directional axis of each unit of the sound transmitter or sound receiver is made to coincide with the normal direction of the circular or cylindrical shape. type circular array, cylindrical array. 2 The receivers of each unit used in the sound receiving system are arranged around a circular or cylindrical shape, and the sound wave levels of the receivers of each unit are sequentially delayed from each other according to the angle of the circumferential arrangement. In a circular or cylindrical array of sonar devices forming a beam pattern of sound waves, the units of sound receivers have cardioid directivity and the orientation axis of each unit of receivers is aligned with the circular or cylindrical array. The sound waves are aligned with the normal direction of the shape, and each of the sound waves is arranged symmetrically in both directions according to each circumferential arrangement angle in both directions from the starting point from one of the receivers of each unit. A cardioid circular array or a cylindrical array, characterized in that it is provided with a weighting circuit that adjusts the gain of the level.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18883486A JPS6344188A (en) | 1986-08-12 | 1986-08-12 | Cardioid type circular and cylindrical array |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18883486A JPS6344188A (en) | 1986-08-12 | 1986-08-12 | Cardioid type circular and cylindrical array |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6344188A JPS6344188A (en) | 1988-02-25 |
| JPH0481747B2 true JPH0481747B2 (en) | 1992-12-24 |
Family
ID=16230654
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18883486A Granted JPS6344188A (en) | 1986-08-12 | 1986-08-12 | Cardioid type circular and cylindrical array |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6344188A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007121024A (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-17 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Cardioid processing circuit in underwater receivers |
| JP2023101250A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-07-20 | 日本電気株式会社 | Sonar device, method, program |
-
1986
- 1986-08-12 JP JP18883486A patent/JPS6344188A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6344188A (en) | 1988-02-25 |
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