JPH048719B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a laser detonator that improves detonation properties by configuring the structure of the chamber for loading explosives, loading specific gravity, and constraint conditions of the chamber in a specific manner. It is something.

(Prior art) Conventionally, detonators used to detonate explosives include industrial detonators that use a fuse and electric detonators that allow current to flow through a conducting wire, but in recent years laser detonators that use laser light have been developed. ing.

A ruby laser, a YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) laser, or the like is used as a laser oscillation device for such a laser detonator.

As a detonator that is detonated by a laser beam from the laser oscillation device, a detonator as shown in FIG. 3 is conventionally known (see US Pat. No. 3,528,372). This laser detonator 30 is
7 and a first chamber 3 defined by a plate 40.
3 and a second chamber 34, an optical fiber 39 is connected to the upper part of the explosive 31 placed in the first chamber 33 via a lens 36, and both chambers 33 and 3
4. A multilayer structure in which the plate 40, the empty space 37, the lens 36 and the optical fiber 39 are surrounded by a restraining wall 38, the end of the optical fiber 39 is sealed with an embolus 35, and both chambers 33 and 34 are loaded, respectively. Explosives 31 and 32 are class 2 high-performance explosives, and the loading specific gravity of each chamber is such that the upper part is higher than the lower part, and the specific gravity composition of both chambers is the same.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In such a laser detonator, only a class 2 class high-performance explosive is loaded in the part of the first chamber that comes into contact with the optical fiber. Most of the laser light emitted by the bomb was reflected and could not be efficiently absorbed by the explosive. Further, since the loading specific gravity of the explosive loaded in each chamber was higher in the upper part than in the lower part, the ignition sensitivity by laser light was low in the first chamber. Additionally, since the restraining wall also exists around the second chamber, when the second chamber detonates, the power is concentrated at the bottom, which has the disadvantage that the detonation ability of the explosive in the area in contact with the restraining wall is reduced. It was hot.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a laser detonator having a specific configuration so that it can absorb laser light efficiently, ignite easily, detonate reliably, and is easy to load. The object of the present invention is to provide a laser detonator that can sufficiently detonate explosives.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The laser detonator of the present invention has a first detonator across the sky.
A chamber and a second chamber are provided, an optical fiber is brought into contact with the top of the explosive loaded in the first chamber, the outside of each chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall, and each chamber is loaded from the top to the bottom. In a laser detonator having a high specific gravity explosive, the explosive loaded in the first chamber is a class 2 class high explosive containing a black laser light absorbing material, or the upper part is a class 2 class high explosive containing a black laser light absorbing material. The lower part is a class 2 high explosive, and the loading specific gravity of the explosive loaded in the second chamber is higher than that of the explosive loaded in the first chamber. , is characterized in that only the outside of the first chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall.

(Function) According to the present invention, when the upper part of the first chamber is irradiated with laser light through an optical fiber, the laser light absorbing substance contained in the explosive loaded in the first chamber is heated, and the surrounding area is heated. The explosive ignites, increasing the burning rate of the explosive in the first chamber, which is surrounded by a restraining wall.
Gas pressure increases. When the combustion progresses to the bottom of the first chamber, the plate at the bottom flies to the second chamber, collides with the top of the second chamber, and the explosive in the second chamber is detonated and detonates. The explosive around the second chamber loaded with the laser detonator of the present invention is detonated.

(Example) The present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first example of the laser detonator of the present invention.

A laser detonator 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 has a first chamber 3 and a second chamber 4 adjacent thereto.
and an optical fiber 9 provided on the opposite side of the first chamber 3 from the second chamber 4, the first chamber 3 being defined by a restraining wall 8, an embolus 10 and a plate 11. However, the second chamber 4 is defined by the tube body 2 and the plate 11. This first chamber 3 is loaded with a class 2 high-performance explosive 5 containing a laser light absorbing substance,
The end opening of the optical fiber 9 is brought into direct contact with the explosive 5. Further, the ends of the explosive 5 and the optical fiber 9 are surrounded by a restraining wall 8. At this time, the end of the optical fiber 9 is inserted into the embolus 10, and the embolus 10 is inserted into one end of the restraining wall 8 so that the loaded explosive 5 can be sealed in the first chamber 3. Make it. The first chamber 3 and therefore the end of the restraining wall 8 opposite the embolus 10 are covered with a plate 11 so that the explosive 5 can also be sealed within the first chamber 3. A second chamber 4 separated by a bottomed tube body 2 is adjacent to this plate 11 . A second class high-performance explosive 6 is loaded into the tube body 2 in such an amount that a void 7 is formed at the top.
The outer diameter of the tubular body 2 is made to substantially match the outer diameter of the restraining wall 8.

The explosives to be loaded into the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 used in the laser detonator of the present invention include, for example, PETN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate), tetryl (trinitrophenylmethyl nitramine), ) RDX (trimethylene trinitramine), HMX (cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine), and other class 2 high-performance explosives are used, and the laser beam is efficiently applied to the first chamber 3. For absorption, use a black carbon-based substance such as carbon black or graphite, or a dye that has an absorption band at the wavelength of the laser.
For example, use laser light absorbing substances such as black dye (Direct First Black B, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical).
Class 2 high performance explosive 5 added in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight is used as an igniter or a primer.

For example, when PETN is used as the explosive, the loading specific gravity of the explosives loaded in the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 is normally in the range of 0.8 to 1.7. improves the ignition sensitivity of the ignition, continues combustion after ignition, easily transitions from combustion to deflagration, and allows the plate 11 of the first chamber 3 to fly to the second chamber 4 by the gas pressure in the first chamber 3. In order to achieve a speed at which the explosive 6 serving as the charge in the second chamber 4 is sufficiently detonated when the bombs collide with each other, the loading specific gravity is usually selected from the range of 0.8 to 1.4, preferably 0.8 to 1.2.
Choose from a range of. In addition, in the second chamber 4, the plate 11 that flew from the first chamber 3
In order to obtain enough power to detonate the explosive charged by the laser detonator of the present invention when it collides with the explosive 6 in the second chamber 4,
The loading specific gravity is usually selected from the range of 1.0 to 1.7, preferably from the range of 1.2 to 1.7. As described above, the loading specific gravity of the explosives in the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 is preferably selected such that the second chamber is higher than the first chamber.

The restraining wall is used to maintain the pressure of the combusted gas when the explosive 5 in the first chamber 3 in FIG. 1 ignites and burns. The length of the restraining wall 8 is
The length should be such that it covers the side of the explosive 5 in the first chamber 3 in FIG. It's good to wear. In addition, the detonating force of the explosive at the portion in contact with the outer side of the second chamber 4 is weakened;
The side surface of the second chamber 4 may also be covered with the restraining wall 8. The material of the restraining wall 8 is iron, stainless steel, copper,
Choose from metals with high tensile strength, such as aluminum, or reinforced plastics with similar strength. Further, the thickness of the restraining wall 8 is determined by the inner diameter of the first chamber 3 and the material used. For example, if the inner diameter is 6 mm and iron is used, it is sufficient if it is 0.1 mm or more, but it is usually 1 mm. A preferable range is 2 mm to 2 mm.

The plate 11 shown in FIG. 1 supports the explosive in the first chamber 3, and due to the pressure of the burned gas, the plate 11 flies to the second chamber 4 and collides with the explosive 6 in the second chamber 4. It is used to detonate the explosive 6 in the second chamber 4, and any material can be used as long as it is easily blown away by the gas pressure in the first chamber 3, and its material is usually iron. The material is selected from metals such as , copper, and aluminum, and its thickness is in the range of 0.1 to 1 mm.

In FIG. 1, the tube body 2 is a container into which an explosive 6 is loaded as an additive, and may be made of any material and thickness that will not be deformed by the pressure during loading. iron, copper, aluminum,
Selected from reinforced plastics, etc. For example, in the case of copper, if the loading specific gravity of the explosive is 1.4, the thickness is 0.1 mm.
A certain degree is fine. The optical fiber 9 and the class 2 high-performance explosive 5 containing a laser light absorbing substance may be brought into direct contact with each other, or may be brought into contact with each other indirectly through a lens.

Next, a second example of the laser detonator of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. The laser detonator 20 in this example has a first chamber 3, a second chamber 4 adjacent thereto, and a first chamber 3.
an optical fiber 9 provided on the opposite side of the second chamber 4 of the chamber 3;
1, an inner tube 23, and an embolus 10, and a second chamber 4 is defined by a bottomed tube body 22 and a tube bottom 25 of the tube body 21. In the first chamber 3, a class 2 high explosive 24 is loaded in the lower part, and a class 2 high explosive 5 containing a laser light absorbing substance is loaded in the upper part, usually in the range of 1 to 15 mm. A perforated inner tube 23 is placed over the explosive 5, and an embolus 10 is provided thereon. That is, the optical fiber 9 is inserted through the center of the embolus 10, and its end opening is inserted into the hole of the inner tube 23. Therefore, the embolus 10 is connected to the tube body 21.
When the optical fiber 9 is fitted onto the upper end thereof and brought into contact with the inner tube 23, the end opening of the optical fiber 9 comes into direct contact with the explosive 5.

Further, a tube body 22 defining a second chamber 4 is located below the tube body 21, a class 2 class high explosive 6 is loaded into the tube body 22, and an empty air is placed above the tube body 22. 7
to be able to form. Furthermore, in this example, this first
The outside of the explosives 5 and 24 loaded in the chamber 3 and the empty space 7 of the second chamber 4 is surrounded by a restraining wall 8.

In the laser detonator of this example configured as described above, the tube bottom 25 of the tube body 21 of the first chamber 3 flies to the second chamber 4 by the pressure of the combusted gas in the first chamber 3, and
The tube bottom 25 collides with the explosive 6 in the chamber 4, and the second chamber 4
Since the operation is exactly the same as that described for the first example except that the explosive 6 is detonated, a detailed explanation thereof and explanation of various numerical examples will be omitted.

Specific examples of the present invention will be shown below.

Specific Example 1 A laser detonator shown in FIG. 1 was produced by the following method.

A copper tube body 2 having an outer diameter of 7.6 mm, a thickness of 0.3 mm, a length of 15 mm, and a tube bottom 12 of 0.3 mm has a tube bottom 12 to 10.
PETN, which is a class 2 high-performance explosive, was loaded with a loading specific gravity of 1.40 as the explosive 6 in the second chamber 4 during the time interval of 2 mm. Next, inner diameter 5.6mm, thickness 1mm, length 40mm
A circular plate 11 with a diameter of 7.6 mm and a length of 0.3 mm is attached and fixed to the iron restraining wall 8, and a laser light absorbing substance is inserted as the explosive 5 in the first chamber 3 between 30 mm from the plate 11. PETN to which 1% by weight of carbon black had been added was loaded at a loading specific gravity of 1.15.
Align the center axes of the copper tube body 2 of the second chamber 4 and the plate 11 of the first chamber 3 and fix them with adhesive, then insert the embolus 10 into the restraining wall 8 and glue and fix them. did.

A quartz optical fiber 9 having a core diameter of 0.8 mm, an attenuation rate of 6 dB/Km, and a length of 30 m is connected to the laser detonator 1 shown in FIG. 1 by penetrating it to the embolus 10.
When irradiated with laser light from a YAG laser that generates laser light with a wavelength of 1.06 μm, a pulse width of 0.4 ms, and an energy of 2.5 J, the laser detonator 1 completely detonates, which is specified by the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS K4806-1978). It penetrated the lead plate (40mm x 40mm x 4mm) in the lead plate test. Similarly, explosives (TNT: trinitrotoluene 70
%, talc 30%), and lead plate (70mm x 70mm
×30mm), we were able to obtain the same level of detonation damage as the No. 6 industrial detonator.

Concrete Example 2 The laser detonator 20 shown in FIG. 2 uses a detonator body 21 with an inner diameter of 6.2 mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm as a container for the first chamber 3, and a detonator tube body 21 with an inner diameter of 5.5 mm in the part that contacts the optical fiber 9. , inner tube 23 with a thickness of 0.35 mm and a length of 8 mm.
A detonator tube body 22 with an inner diameter of 6.2 mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm is used as the container for the second chamber 4, and the explosive 24 in the first chamber 3 is placed between 20 mm from the tube bottom 25 of the first chamber 3. Except that PETN was loaded as a class 2 high-performance explosive with a loading specific gravity of 1.15, and the length of the restraining wall 8 was 35 mm to cover the empty space 7 of the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4. When the same laser detonator 1 as shown in Example 1 was manufactured and the same tests as in Example 1 were conducted, similar good results were obtained.

(Effects of the Invention) The laser detonator of the present invention described above has the following features.

(1) Laser oscillation using a Q-switch with a pulse width of several 10 ns, which has high laser light absorption efficiency and a large peak output because the explosive in the first chamber that comes into contact with the optical fiber contains a laser light absorbing substance. It is possible to reliably ignite a laser with a small pulse width of several microseconds or a continuous wave laser with a peak output other than this method.

(2) The explosive in the first chamber uses an explosive containing a laser light-absorbing substance only in the part that absorbs and ignites the laser light, and the other parts do not contain the above-mentioned absorbing substance. When burned, it has no ingredients other than explosives and is very powerful.

(3) Since the loading specific gravity of the explosive is lower in the first chamber than in the second chamber, the explosive in the first chamber deflagrates easily and the explosive in the second chamber can be reliably detonated.

(4) Since only the first chamber is surrounded by the restraining wall, the side of the second chamber also has detonating force, and the explosives around the second chamber can be sufficiently detonated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an example of a laser detonator of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the laser detonator of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional laser detonator. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the configuration. 1... Laser detonator, 2... Tube body, 3...
First chamber, 4...Second chamber, 5...Class 2 class high explosive containing laser light absorbing substance, 6...
...Class 2 high explosives, 7...Empty, 8...
...Restraint wall, 9... Optical fiber, 10... Embolus, 20... Laser detonator, 30... Conventional laser detonator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first chamber and a second chamber are provided with a space between them,
An optical fiber is brought into contact with the upper part of the explosive loaded in the first chamber, the outside of each chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall, and the upper part of each chamber is filled with an explosive having a higher loading density than the lower part. In the detonator, the explosive loaded in the first chamber is a class 2 class high explosive containing a black laser light absorbing material,
The loading specific gravity of the explosive loaded in the second chamber is higher than that of the explosive loaded in the first chamber, and only the outside of the first chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall. Laser detonator. 2 A first chamber and a second chamber are provided with a space between them,
An optical fiber is brought into contact with the upper part of the explosive loaded in the first chamber, the outside of each chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall, and the upper part of each chamber is filled with an explosive having a higher loading density than the lower part. In the detonator, the explosive loaded in the first chamber is a class 2 class high-performance explosive containing a black laser light absorbing material in the upper part, a class 2 class high-performance explosive in the lower part, and a second class high explosive in the lower part. A laser detonator, characterized in that the specific gravity of the explosive loaded in the chamber is higher than that of the explosive loaded in the first chamber, and only the outside of the first chamber is surrounded by a restraining wall.