JPH0489919A - Foundation for vegetation - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention mainly relates to a vegetation base for greening slopes.

(Conventional technology and its problems) Generally speaking, the technical system of greening work, which applies vegetation to exposed areas of mountains, consists of three pillars: greening foundation work, vegetation work, and vegetation management work. Among these, greening foundation works include improving the vegetation base,
The purpose of this project is to maintain stability and create a stable land. Traditionally, retaining walls and other structures have been used to prevent soil from being washed away by rainwater and frost-heaving rings in areas where the mountain's bare surface has been exposed by deeply cutting down forests and hills. Slope construction or thick-layer base material spraying construction is being carried out. Retaining wall construction is a construction method that primarily covers slopes with concrete blocks or cast-in-place concrete walls, and retaining wall construction involves laying a lattice-shaped concrete frame on the mountain surface. Thick-layer base material spraying involves spraying soil mixed with seeds and fertilizer onto the slope, and preventing the soil from washing away by binding the soil with plant roots.

In such retaining wall construction and slope construction, even if the sliding of the growth base can be avoided, the aesthetic appearance is significantly impaired.In addition, thick-layer base material spraying works can cause root thread soil to fall if the slope slope is 60 degrees or more. Because the binding force is reduced, even if vegetation is introduced, it will flourish for several years, but the foundation is often washed away by rainwater, frost heave, etc., and the slope of rocky slopes, such as those after rock quarrying. However, even if a vegetated base is created using thick base material spraying, etc., the rocky slope is not permeable to water, so surface flow occurs even in light rainfall and the created base is likely to be washed away. However, even if it is possible to grow it temporarily, it is extremely difficult to restore permanent greenery, which has been a major problem in landscape conservation.

On the other hand, in recent years, granular coarse aggregate is sprinkled with cement paste and solidified to connect with each other to form continuous voids inside.Bosra concrete is laid on the slope, and the voids are filled with soil mixed with seeds and fertilizers. Attempts have been made to green the area by increasing the amount of greenery (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publications No. 114204/1982 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 10535/1983).

However, in these conventional porous concrete construction methods, after pouring the porous concrete, soil is filled into the voids from the surface of the porous concrete, and as a result, it is not possible to fill the voids with soil sufficiently. The amount of water retained is low, and due to dryness, plants are unable to grow and wither in a short period of time.In addition, the amount of added soil is small and lacks fertilizing properties, so the fertilizer runs out in a short period of time, making it difficult for plants to survive over a long period of time. There was an intermission.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) Due to the current situation as described above, conventionally, even in places where the bare surface of the mountain or bedrock is exposed, it is difficult to collapse, has high water and fertilizer retention properties, and can be used as a permanent plant. There was a need for a vegetation base that could sustain growth.

The present invention has been made with the object of providing a method for creating a vegetation base for greening that can solve the above-mentioned problems and satisfy the conventional demands.

(Means for Achieving the Object) The gist of the present invention to achieve the above object is to use a granular organic solid mainly composed of organic components and a natural or artificial inorganic aggregate for concrete such as crushed stone. The organic solids and inorganic aggregates are mixed together and solidified using a binder such as cement milk to form a porous concrete structure.

Here, as organic solids, wood, bagasse, bark side L
One or more types of fibrous natural organic materials such as coconut, coir, peat moss, straw, etc., either as is or formed into granules or briquettes, or with the above-mentioned natural organic materials and/or artificial organic materials. A mixture of a natural inorganic material and a binder and molded into granules or briquettes can be used.

Furthermore, it is preferable to use a mixture of organic solids that have a fast decomposition rate and those that have a slow decomposition rate depending on the location and type of vegetation.

Portland cement, magnesia cement, etc. can be used as a binder to connect organic solids and inorganic aggregates to form a porous concrete, but portland cement is highly alkaline, and depending on the type of plant, it may be close to neutral. It is preferable to use magnesia cement or phosphate cement. However, since it is similar to ordinary concrete, if it is made into porous concrete, it becomes neutral quickly and there are few problems even if Portland cement is used.

In general, porous concrete is obtained by kneading coarse aggregate such as crushed stone with a hydraulic composition and water, or in the present invention, organic solids are used as aggregates together with natural or artificial inorganic aggregate such as crushed stone. , the strength of porous concrete decreases when a large amount of organic solids is used, so the amount used is
The amount varies depending on the usage method, location, type and form of the organic aggregate, and is preferably about 10 to 50% by volume of the total amount of aggregate.

(Function) In the vegetation base of the present invention, organic solids and inorganic aggregates form granular aggregates of so-called porous concrete, and voids are formed between each granular aggregate to form porous concrete.

At the beginning of molding, organic solids and inorganic aggregates become granular aggregates to form porous concrete, and by filling the voids with soil and fertilizer, vegetation becomes possible, and organic solids become granular aggregates. The material acts as a substrate for plant growth, retaining water and providing slow-release fertilizer.

Recently, it has been known that some organic matter in soil has the ability to regulate plant metabolism, and it has been found that it prevents declines in plant growth under poor conditions such as excess or deficiency of nutrients.
The organic aggregate of the present invention will corrode and decompose over time, and in addition to providing the above-mentioned effects, it can also be used as a long-term fertilizer.

In addition, organic solids corrode and decompose over time to become humus, but inorganic aggregate remains undecomposed, and the porosity of coarse aggregate in porous concrete is 10 to 50.
%, increasing plant growth substrate capacity and plant root support capacity.

(Example) Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which the present invention is used for greening a retaining wall on a slope made of a mortar-blown surface. In the figure, 1 is the vegetation base according to the present invention, and 2 is the slope. The vegetation base 1 is made by mixing an inorganic aggregate 3 made of crushed stone, a binder made of granular organic solids 4 and a cement paste made by adding water to Portland cement in a fixed ratio, and has a connecting cavity 11 inside.
It has a porous concrete shape with 11!5.

When a part of the vegetation base 1 is enlarged as shown in Figure 2, it can be seen that inorganic aggregate 3 and organic solids 4 are mixed at a certain ratio, or as time passes, organic solids 4 are mixed as shown in Figure 3. The solid matter 4 corrodes, and the voids 5 expand accordingly, resulting in porous concrete with a higher porosity of coarse aggregate.

Porous concrete 1 after the organic solids have corroded,
If the strength is 4 weeks compressive strength 20 kr/- or more, there is no practical problem in itself, but for example, if the base slope is the mortar blown surface mentioned above, it has poor adhesion to porous concrete and may fall off. If there is a risk of this, it is preferable to use anchors 6 on the base slope 2, or to spray cement paste or the like on the base slope in advance and pour porous concrete before it hardens.

In addition, if the base slope 2 is soft or has a mixture of hard and soft areas, or if bending or tensile forces are applied to the porous concrete due to weather effects and damage is expected, welded wire mesh, etc. Wire mesh 7, such as a diamond-shaped wire mesh, is preferably reinforced with reinforcing bars or Ia fibers such as alkali-resistant glass fibers or organic fibers.

The thickness of porous concrete varies depending on the slope of the slope, the porosity, the type of plants expected to grow, etc., and is usually 3 to 2.
Approximately 0c* is required. If the slope slope is gentle, the depth of roots of plants will be shallow, so it is preferable to use thicker porous concrete.Also, for things that grow relatively large and have roots, such as large trees, it is better to use porous concrete. A larger thickness is preferable.

In this way, the vegetation base 1 is obtained, but if the voids in the porous concrete are filled with natural soil or artificial soil, greening can be achieved at an early stage. Alternatively, even if the soil is not removed, dead leaves from surrounding plants will fill the voids and plants will naturally grow. Furthermore, when the organic aggregate of porous concrete corrodes, new voids are created, and the corroded organic matter becomes fertilizer for vegetation, resulting in permanent greening.

Furthermore, an organic aggregate having the same composition as the organic aggregate may be placed under the porous concrete.

Test example A hole was drilled in the mortar surface (45° slope), which was sprayed to prevent weathering on a rock surface with many joints and fractures.
The anchor was installed so that its head was about 51 mm above the mortar surface, then washed with high-pressure water and sprayed with cement paste with a water-cement ratio of 40% to a thickness of about 3++ m. Before the cement paste hardens, a fibrous natural organic material consisting of bagasse and park compost as organic solids, an inorganic material consisting of black soil, and a binder consisting of poval are mixed and compressed into granules to obtain the total amount of aggregate. On the other hand, porous concrete mixed with 10% was poured to a thickness of about 41 mm as shown in Figure 1, and a welded wire mesh of 61 ulφ and 10C31 pitch was laid on top of it and tied to the anchors previously driven into the mortar. Furthermore, add about 5cm of porous concrete (mixture is the same as above) on top of that.

Four weeks after pouring, soil mixed with 10% peat moss was sprayed onto the slurry loam to a thickness of approximately lam (thickness greater than the average surface of the porous concrete), and then seeds were sprayed onto the soil. The sprayed seeds are material A (special seed fiber), material B (P material, improver), and material C (corrosion inhibitor).
It is a commercially available material that is sprayed by mixing water and water.
rrF, Cleavinda Red Varnish 4 (1/rrr
, Weaving Glass 2 glrd, White Clover-2q/rr? Met.

Seed spraying took place in May, in Nishitama District, Tokyo.
Observations in June of the following year showed that vegetation (especially Kentara Key 31 Huesque) had grown over almost the entire surface, and mortar spraying, which had previously been unable to do so, was successful in greening the surface.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, in the present invention, inorganic aggregate and granular organic solids are combined with a binder to form a porous concrete shape as a whole, so that the 61 solids are gradually decomposed and used as fertilizer. Since it is a nutrient, it is effective for removing fertilizer and permanent greening.

In addition, since organic solids retain water, mixing organic aggregate increases the water retention of porous concrete, which tends to dry out.
Improves plant growth 6 Furthermore, although porous concrete does not have the ability to retain fertilizer, mixing organic solids can increase the ability to retain fertilizer and prevent fertilizer from running away.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view immediately after molding, and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of an organic solid after it has been corroded and decomposed. Figure 1: Vegetation base, 2: Slope, 3:
...Inorganic aggregate, 4...Organic solids, 5.
...Connection gap, 6...Anchor, 7...
...wire mesh. Patent applicant Jagras Co., Ltd. Nippon Cement Co., Ltd. Figure 2 Figure 1 Figure 3

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Mix granular organic solids mainly consisting of organic components with natural or artificial inorganic aggregate for concrete such as crushed stone, and connect the organic solids and inorganic aggregates with a binder such as cement milk. A vegetation base that is solidified and integrated into a porous concrete-like structure. (2) The organic solid is one or a mixture of fibrous natural organic materials such as wood, bagasse, park compost, coconut, coir, peat moss, straw, etc., either as is or formed into granules or briquettes. A vegetation base according to claim 1. (3) The vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein the organic solid is a mixture of a natural and/or artificial organic material, a natural inorganic material, and a binder and molded into granules or briquettes.