JPH05105191A - Power transmission device for ships - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To increase the acceleration without lowering the maximum speed of the ship. [Structure] A transmission, an actuator and a controller for switching the transmission to a low speed stage in a low speed state and a high speed stage in a high speed state are added. With the use of the high speed stage, the maximum propulsion machine rotational speed is not reduced, and by using the low speed stage, a torque margin is generated, and good acceleration performance can be obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a power transmission device for ships,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a power transmission device capable of satisfying both acceleration and high speed requirements.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, most ships have only a gear device and a clutch for switching between forward and reverse rotations between a propulsion machine such as a propeller and an engine, and have no transmission. Therefore, the engine speed and the propulsion machine speed are fixed at a fixed ratio. Some large vessels have a transmission. In this case, when cruising at a low speed, it is switched to a low speed stage, and when cruising at a high speed, it is switched to a high speed stage so that the engine can be operated at the same engine speed during both low speed cruising and high speed cruising.

[0003]

In the case of a ship having no transmission as well as a ship not having a transmission, the gear stage is not changed during acceleration until the vehicle reaches a high-speed navigation state. This is because ships do not require the responsiveness required for automobiles. Therefore, use a propulsion machine that can provide the highest cruising speed at the engine's normal speed. However, the propulsion unit selected in this way is not necessarily excellent in acceleration characteristics even though it can be cruised at high speed. Therefore, the acceleration is slow and it takes time to reach the planing (planing state). Therefore, before entering the planing, it is necessary to accelerate again due to the action of the waves, and it often happens that the planing is difficult to enter. In view of this, the present invention has developed a power transmission device that can obtain good acceleration without impairing the maximum speed.

[0004]

Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided a power transmission device for use in a ship that transmits an engine output to a propulsion device and navigates, and a transmission incorporated between the engine and the propulsion device. , An actuator for switching the gear stage of the transmission,
A power transmission device for a ship has been created which has an actuator controller that switches the transmission to a low speed stage while the ship is traveling at a low speed, and switches the transmission to a high speed stage while the ship is traveling at a high speed.

[0005]

According to the power transmission device of the present invention, the low speed stage is used while the engine speed is low and the ship is traveling at low speed, that is, while acceleration is required. For this reason, there is a margin in the torque of the propulsion device, and good acceleration characteristics can be obtained. On the other hand, when the engine speed increases and the navigation speed increases, the speed is switched to the high speed stage. At this time, due to the specifications of the propulsion unit matched to the high speed stage, the maximum output power is not reduced with respect to the engine output. Therefore, according to the power transmission device of the present invention, the acceleration performance can be increased and the planing state can be entered in a shorter time without reducing the maximum speed force.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example of a ship embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, a vessel 2 navigates by rotating a propulsion unit (propeller in this case) 20 by an engine 8. Between the engine 8 and the propeller 20, a gear unit 14 incorporating a forward / reverse switching gear, a transmission capable of switching between a low speed stage and a high speed stage, and a clutch is incorporated. Of these, the portion for switching between the low speed stage and the high speed stage is shown in FIG. Figure 2 (a) shows the state of the high speed stage, (b)
Indicates the state of the low speed stage.

In the figure, 22 is an input shaft from the engine 8 and 32 is a rotating shaft of the propulsion device. A sun gear 24 is rotatably attached to the input shaft 8. A plurality of pinion gears 26 mesh around the sun gear 24, and a ring gear 30 meshes with the pinion gear 26. The ring gear 30 rotates integrally with the propeller rotating shaft 32.

Reference numeral 38 in the drawing denotes a housing fixed to the hull, and a brake ring 40 is fixed to the housing. Reference numeral 36 in the figure denotes a slide member, which is the sun gear 2.
It is prevented from rotating around and is slidable in the axial direction. This slide member 36 is the piston 3
It is slid following the slide of 4.

Now, when pressure oil acts from the right side of the piston 34, the slide member 36 moves leftward and comes into contact with the brake ring 40. Then, the sun gear 24 cannot rotate, and the pinion gear 26 revolves around the sun gear 24 via the pinion cage 27 and starts to rotate, and the propulsion unit shaft 3
2 is accelerated and rotates. On the other hand, when pressure oil is drained from the piston 34, the slide member 36 moves to the brake ring 40.
And the ring gear 30 is closely attached. As a result, the propulsion device shaft 32 rotates at the same speed as the input shaft 22 via the one-way clutch 29. Here, the propulsion device shaft 32 does not become slower than the input shaft 22 even during the switching between the high speed stage and the low speed stage, and is always kept in the power transmission state.

1, reference numeral 18 is a hydraulic pump, and 16 is a valve for switching whether or not to apply pressure oil to the piston 34. This valve 16 and hydraulic pump 18
An actuator that switches the shift speed is configured by. Reference numeral 12 denotes a controller for switching the valve 16, which detects a signal from the rotation speed detection sensor 10 of the engine 8, a signal from the throttle sensor 6 that detects the opening state of the throttle lever 4, and the speed of the ship. The signal from the speed sensor 1 is input. When the engine speed is low and the navigation speed is low, the controller 12 drains pressure oil from the piston 34 to set the transmission to a low speed stage, and when the engine speed is high, applies pressure oil to the piston 34 to set a high speed stage.

Here, the navigation speed or the engine speed at the time of switching the shift speed depends on the throttle opening, and the larger the throttle opening, the lower the speed is maintained until the navigation speed or the engine speed becomes large (see FIG. 3A). As is apparent from the figure, in this case, the low speed stage is set up to about 5000 revolutions (32 knots. When the high speed stage is switched, the engine speed becomes about 4200 revolutions, and then the engine accelerates again).
On the other hand, when the throttle opening is small, the speed is switched to a high speed at a relatively low speed (see FIG. 3B. As is clear from the figure, the speed is switched to a high speed at about 4600 rotations (30 knots). The gear position is switched with a hysteresis tendency, and as shown in FIG. 3C, when the speed is reduced to 3500 rotations (25 knots) or less, the gear position is switched to the low speed stage. At this time, the engine rotates up to about 4000 revolutions.

The characteristics D and E in FIG. 3 show the characteristics of the engine speed, the propeller speed or the propeller shaft torque with respect to the traveling speed. In the figure, D indicates the torque when the gear ratio is fixed to the high speed stage. As is apparent from this, when the gear is switched to the low speed stage, the torque increases as shown in FIG. E. For this reason, there is a margin of torque during low-speed navigation, and the acceleration performance is significantly increased. This is very similar to the fact that the acceleration characteristics are significantly different between the case of accelerating in the third speed and the speed in the fourth speed of an automobile.

Moreover, in this embodiment, since the transmission of the type in which power is transmitted even during gear shifting is used, the navigation speed does not decrease during the gear shifting period. Since the resistance of water is large, the navigation speed of the conventional transmission is greatly reduced during the gear shift, but such inconvenience does not occur.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, in the low speed state, the torque can be rapidly accelerated with a margin, and in the high speed state, the propeller speed can be increased to secure a sufficient maximum speed force. For this reason, it is possible to give comfortable running while navigating at low speed, and in the case of gliding type ships, it is slowed by waves before it accelerates to the speed that can be put into planing in the past, and it can not be put into planing It becomes possible to enter the planing state even under such a water surface condition, and the kinetic performance of the ship is greatly improved.

[0015]

According to the power transmission device of the present invention, the propulsion unit is provided with a torque margin at a low speed so that a good acceleration can be obtained, and the propulsion unit is operated at a sufficiently high speed at a high speed. This makes it possible to obtain a high maximum speed. For this reason, the ship can be made to have the mobility of an automobile, and the pleasure of maneuvering can be increased. Further, since it becomes possible to enter the planing in a short time, it becomes possible to sail in a gliding condition even in a water surface condition that is conventionally impossible to gliding.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of a ship according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the transmission.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram of the example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Engine: 8 Propulsion machine: 20 Transmission: 14 Actuator (hydraulic pump: 18, valve: 16) Actuator controller: 12 Throttle sensor: 6 Speed sensor: 1 Rotation speed sensor: 10

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A power transmission device for use in a ship that transmits engine output to a propulsion device for navigation, wherein a transmission incorporated between the engine and the propulsion device and a gear position of the transmission are switched. A power transmission device for a ship comprising: an actuator; and an actuator controller that switches the transmission to a low speed stage while the ship is traveling at a low speed and an actuator controller that switches the transmission to a high speed stage while the ship is traveling at a high speed.