JPH0515864B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a prefabricated staircase for houses, shops, etc., which is constructed by connecting a plurality of upper and lower staircase units.

[Prior Art] A conventional prefabricated staircase disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-13459 has a cylindrical upward joint body and a downward joint body vertically protruding from the base end and the distal end of a horizontal base plate.
A staircase unit that connects an upward joint body and a downward joint body to connect multiple levels above and below; A fixing plate that is horizontally welded into the downward joint body and has a vertical through hole in the center; An end of the upward joint body. is threadedly connected to the
a movable cylindrical body that is vertically movable and rotatably inserted into the downward joint body together with the upward joint body; a cover plate that is horizontally welded to the movable cylindrical body and has a nut welded to its center; and a screw that is screwed into the nut from the through hole. It consists of bolts that tighten and secure the fixing plate and cover plate of the upper and lower stair units; and tread plates that are fixed to the upper surface of each horizontal board.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, in this prefabricated staircase, in addition to the upward joint body, downward joint body, and connecting bolt, the fixing plate, movable cylinder body, and cover plate are used as connecting parts for the upper and lower stair units. As a result, the number of component parts is large and the overall weight is also heavy. In addition, it is necessary to weld the fixing plate to the downward joint, cut the screws to the movable cylinder and the upward joint, cut the screws to the cover plate to the movable cylinder, and weld the nuts to the cover plate. takes time and effort.

Furthermore, since the cylindrical upward joint body and downward joint body are rotatably fitted, the stair unit can be stopped and held in the set position until the bolts are tightened and fixed after the arrangement angle of the upper and lower stair units has been rotated and adjusted. Assembling a series of staircase units is complicated and labor costs are high.

In addition, since the bolt and nut are arranged on the vertical center line of the cylindrical upward and downward joint bodies, if the bolt becomes loose for some reason, the upward and downward joint bodies will rotate relative to each other. There is a risk that the assembled state of the upper and lower stair units may become distorted and the stairs may swing.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to reduce the material cost and the overall weight of the staircase due to the small number of component parts, and to reduce the number of welded parts.
To provide an assembly type staircase in which component parts can be manufactured and assembled efficiently and at low cost.

Another object of the present invention is that since the upward joint body and the downward joint body do not rotate relative to each other, assembly can be easily carried out without the need for special assistance, and the staircase as a whole becomes dangerous during long-term use. To provide a prefabricated staircase that can accurately prevent rocking.

Still another object of the present invention is that the arrangement angle and height interval between the upper and lower stair units of the stair unit can be adjusted, so that it can be widely used in various buildings with different installation modes, and can be used for spiral staircases and stairs with landings. To provide a prefabricated staircase that can be constructed arbitrarily.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The prefabricated staircase of the present invention will be described below using the reference numerals in the attached drawings. The prefabricated staircase of the present invention includes an upward joint body 2 and a downward joint body 3 at the base end and the distal end of a horizontal base 1. A stair unit 4 that projects vertically and connects the upper and lower joint bodies 2 and 3 to each other in a plurality of upper and lower steps; A bolt 7 is screwed into a nut part 6 fixedly installed on the other side from the elongated hole 5 of the bolt 7 to tighten and secure the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3;
When inserted between the head and the upward joint body 2 or the downward joint body 3, it consists of a washer 21 with teeth on one side or a washer 21 on both sides; The joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are formed of square or regular polygonal cylinders or grooves.

[Operation] The prefabricated staircase of the present invention can be assembled from the lower floor side to the upper floor side, or can be assembled from the upper floor side to the lower floor side, but for example, from the lower floor side When assembling, the base stair unit 4G is attached to the floor structure 2 on the lower floor as shown in Figure 12.
Fixed to 4. This base stair unit 4G
This is a standard staircase unit 4 in which the downward joint body 3 is omitted, and the horizontal base plate 1 is directly fastened and fixed to the floor structure 24 with screws 25.

As shown in FIG. 14, the downward joint body 3 of the first step stair unit 4 is fitted into the upward joint body 2 of the base stair unit 4G, and the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are connected to each other by the bolts 7. It is tightened and fixed by. The bolt 7 and its turning operation tool are inserted through the upper openings of the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3. Next, the downward joint body 3 of the second stage stair unit 4 is fitted into the upward joint body 2 of the first stage stair unit 4, and the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are similarly connected to the bolt 7. It is then tightened and fixed.

In this way, the second staircase unit 4 from the top
12 and 13, the downward joint body 3 of the top stair unit 4H is attached to the upward joint body 2 of the second stair unit 4 from the top. Once fitted, the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are tightened and fixed with bolts 7. This top staircase unit 4H is a standard staircase unit 4 with the upward joint body 2 omitted, and instead of the upward joint body 2, the base end of the horizontal base plate 1 is provided with an upper floor structure 26 or A bracket plate 27 is fixed to the landing structure. The bracket plate 27 is fastened to the floor structure 26 or the like with bolts or screws 28.

Adjustment of the height interval between the upper and lower stair units 4, 4 is carried out every step, every few steps, or only at a specific step by using the play length between the longitudinal long hole 5 and the bolt 7. In this way, a straight staircase is constructed in which the upper and lower staircase units 4, 4 are arranged in a straight line from the lower floor to the upper floor.

Bolt 7 as shown in Figures 13 to 15.
A washer 21 with teeth on one side or teeth on both sides is inserted between the head of the upward joint body 2 or the downward joint body 3, and the washer 21, which is strongly pressurized by tightening the bolt 7, is inserted into each abutment. By biting into the surfaces, the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are firmly connected, and the stair unit will not slide down due to loosening of the bolts 7.

When constructing a staircase with a landing, a curved staircase that has a curved part in a part or a curved staircase as a whole, or a spiral staircase, the arrangement between the upper and lower stair units in the landing part or the curved part The angle needs to be adjusted.

This adjustment of the arrangement angle is performed at 90 degree intervals when the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are constituted by cylinders or groove bodies with a square cross section. Upward joint body 2
When the downward joint body 3 is composed of a cylinder or a groove with a regular polygon cross section, the angle between the upper and lower stair units is determined by the angle that one side of the regular polygon makes with respect to the center, that is, the central angle of the side. The arrangement angle is adjusted.

[Example] In the stair unit 4 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are composed of groove bodies with a square cross section manufactured by bending a metal plate, and the sides are open. The weight has been reduced to the extent that there are parts. A horizontal hole 29 communicating with the elongated holes 5 on the three sides of the upward joint body 2 and the nut portion 6 is bored in the metal plate material before bending. The nut portion 6 is welded to the outer surface of the downward joint body 3. In order to fit the upward joint body 2 into the downward joint body 3 as tightly as possible with as little play as possible, the inner dimensions of the downward joint body 3 are made as close as possible to the outer dimensions of the upward joint body 2.

The upward joint body 2 is welded to the horizontal substrate 1 by fitting its lower end into a square hole 30 formed in the base end of the horizontal substrate 1. The downward joint body 3 is welded to the horizontal substrate 1 by fitting its upper end into another square hole 31 bored at the tip of the horizontal substrate 1. A reinforcing plate 32 bent into a rectangular groove shape is welded to the side surface of the lower end protrusion of the upward joint body 2 and the side surface of the upper end of the downward joint body 3, and the reinforcing plate 32 is welded to the lower surface of the horizontal base plate 1. Further, two other triangular reinforcing plates 33 are welded at symmetrical positions between the downward joint body 3 and the horizontal base plate 1.

The horizontal base plate 1, upward joint body 2, and downward joint body 3 interconnected in this way constitute the skeletal structure of the staircase unit 4, but in order to improve the external appearance when installed in a building, Figure 18 and 1
As shown in FIG. 9, a cosmetic cover body 34 molded from plastic is fitted onto this skeletal structure.
As shown in FIG. 15, the cover body 34 is constructed by screwing tapping screws 36 through six vertical holes 35 drilled in the outer edge of the horizontal board 1 into the screw receiving cylinders 37 on the inner wall of the cover. Horizontal board 1 before assembly
is fixed to. The cover body 34 has a receiving cylinder portion 38 for a screw 40 for fixing the footboard on the bottom surface thereof.

As shown in FIG. 15, the treadle 8 is fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal board 1 by screwing screws 40 into four screw holes 39 drilled in the outer edge of the horizontal board 1. In order to accurately set the footboard 8 in a horizontal position, a level adjustment plate 41 is inserted between the footboard 8 and the horizontal board 1, as shown in FIG. This level adjustment plate 41 is shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.
As shown in the figure, a nut 42 is welded to the lower surface of the outer peripheral edge, and the tip of a screw 43 screwed into the nut 42 is in contact with the upper surface of the horizontal substrate 1.

By increasing or decreasing the screwing depth of the four screws 43, the level adjustment plate 41 can be easily set to a horizontal state, and the tread plate 8 that abuts the upper surface thereof can also be set to a horizontal state. A circular hole 44 into which the upward joint body 2 is loosely inserted is provided at the base end of the level adjustment plate 41. Furthermore, an insertion hole 45 for a screw 40 for fixing the tread plate is provided at the tip edge of the level adjustment plate 41. A downward edge 46 formed on the outer periphery of the level adjustment plate 41 fits into the upper end of the cover body 34.

When adjusting the height between the upper and lower stair units 4, 4, the lower end surface of the cover body 34 and the level adjustment plate 4
A space is created between the upper surface of the upward joint body 2 and the base end of the upward joint body 2 is exposed. In order to avoid this inconvenience,
A plastic cover cylinder 47 of the same color as the cover body 34 is provided. The cover tube 47 has a cylindrical shape as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21. The cover cylinder 47 is inserted into the lower end cylinder part 48 of the cover body 34 when the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 of the vertical staircase unit are fitted together. The lower end cylinder part 4
An annular protrusion 49 is formed on the inner surface of the cover cylinder 47, and the upper end of the cover tube 47 is held stationary by elastically abutting the annular protrusion 49. When you want to actively prevent the rotation of the cover tube 47,
The lower end flange 50 is fixed to the lower level adjustment plate 41 with an adhesive.

The basic configuration of the other stair units described below is the same as that of the stair unit described above, so a detailed explanation will be omitted, and only the different points will be explained.

The top stair unit 4H shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 is constructed by cutting off the base end of a standard stair unit, and the bracket plate 27 vertically welded to the horizontal base plate 1 has three parts. Screw insertion hole 51
is inserted. A reinforcing plate 32 is welded between the lower end of the bracket plate 27 and the downward joint body 3.

In the base stair unit 4G shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, screw insertion holes 52 are bored in the horizontal board 1, and these holes are formed in the shape of long holes that enable adjustment of the mounting position. . Four reinforcing plates 53 are welded to the ridgeline at the lower end of the square groove-shaped upward joint body 2.

In the stair unit shown in FIG. 22, a downward joint body 3 is fitted into an upward joint body 2, a nut portion 6 is fixed to the outer surface of the upward joint body 2, and a long hole 5
are bored in the downward joint body 3. In the staircase unit shown in FIG. 23, the upward joint body 2 is fitted into the downward joint body 3, the nut part 6 is fixed to the inner surface of the upward joint body 2, and the elongated hole 5 is formed in the downward joint body 3. It is perforated. In the stair unit shown in FIG. 24, a downward joint body 3 is placed inside an upward joint body 2.
are fitted, the nut portion 6 is fixed to the inner surface of the downward joint body 3, and the elongated hole 5 is bored in the upward joint body 2.

In the stair unit 4 shown in Figs. 23 and 24, the bolts 7 are tightened from the outside, so when fitting the cover body to the stair unit 4 first, an opening for inserting a rotary tool is formed in the cover body. After placing it and tightening it, if necessary, close the opening with a lid member or the like. Alternatively, the cover body may be divided into parts, and after adjusting the height of the upper and lower stair units, the divided members of the cover body fitted to the skeleton structure may be connected and fixed using screws, adhesive, or the like.

The present invention can be implemented in various ways, and the method of fixing the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 to the horizontal substrate 1 is not limited to welding, and other known fixing methods can be employed. Further, the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 may be integrated with the horizontal substrate 1.

The arrangement angle between the upper and lower stair units 4, 4 is adjusted in units of the central angle of the cross-sectional side of the cylinder or groove, so in order to construct smoother curved stairs or spiral stairs, it is necessary to It is desirable to increase the number of angles of the regular polygon of the body or groove body and to set the central angle of the sides to be small.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the prefabricated staircase of the present invention, the vertical long hole 5 is provided in one of the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3, and the long hole 5 is provided in the other of the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3. A nut part 6 is fixedly installed, a bolt 7 is screwed into the nut part 6 through the elongated hole 5, and the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are tightened and fixed via a washer with teeth on one side or a washer with teeth on both sides 21. In addition to the upward joint body 2 and downward joint body 3, only the bolt 7, nut part 6, and washer 21 are required as connecting parts for the upper and lower stair units 4, 4, so the number of component parts is greatly reduced. This reduces the material cost, reduces the weight of the entire staircase unit, and reduces the labor burden when assembling the stairs. Since there is no need to separately weld a connecting member to the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3, and the number of welding points is reduced, the manufacturing and assembly of component parts can be carried out efficiently and at low cost.

In this prefabricated staircase, the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 of the stair unit 4 are formed of square or regular polygonal cylinders or grooves, so that the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are fitted together. In this state, the upper and lower stair units 4, 4 cannot rotate relative to each other. Therefore, it is completely unnecessary to deploy an auxiliary worker to stop and hold the stair unit at the set position after adjusting the arrangement angle of the upper and lower stair units until the bolts are tightened and fixed. Assembling a series of stair units can be easily performed and labor costs can be reduced.

The rotation between the upward and downward joints is prevented by the fitting of the upward and downward joints, so the rotational moment due to the weight of the stairs and the load is absorbed by most of the entire cross section of the upward and downward joints. Since it acts in a distributed manner over its length, it is impossible to lose its anti-rotation function during long-term use, and dangerous rocking of the entire staircase is precisely prevented over a long period of time. .

In this prefabricated staircase, one of the upper and lower stair units 4 is rotated relative to the other using the central angle of the cross-sectional side of the cylinder or groove body as a unit, and then the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are rotated. By fitting them together, the arrangement angle between the upper and lower stair units 4, 4 can be changed and adjusted in stages. In addition, the bolt 7 and the long hole 5
With the play distance between the upward joint body 2 within the range
After changing and adjusting the fitting length of the downward joint body 3,
Since the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are tightened and fixed, the height interval of the upper and lower stair units 4, 4 can be continuously changed and adjusted. Therefore, the prefabricated staircase of the present invention can be widely used in various buildings with different installation modes, and can also be used to construct spiral staircases and stairs with landings.

Furthermore, since the single-sided toothed washer or double-sided toothed washer 21 interposed between the head of the bolt 7 and the upward joint body 2 or the downward joint body 3 bites into each contact surface when the bolt 7 is tightened, The upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are firmly connected.
Therefore, the upper and lower stair units do not shift along the long holes 5 in the vertical direction, and the height between each stair unit does not change in any way from the original dimensions when assembled.
It can be used in a stable state without wobbling.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a plan view of a conventional stair unit, FIG. 2 is a front view of the stair unit, and FIG. 3 is a left side view of the stair unit. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1. 5 is a plan view of the top stair unit, FIG. 6 is a front view of the stair unit, FIG. 7 is a right side view of the stair unit, and FIG. 8 is a top view of the top stair unit. -B sectional view. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the stair unit for the base, FIG. 10 is a front view of the stair unit, and FIG.
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 9. FIG. 12 is a front view of a staircase constructed using these staircase units. FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of the upper end of the staircase, FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of the lower end of the staircase, and FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the completed staircase with treads attached. It is. FIG. 16 is a plan view of the level adjustment plate used for the stairs, and FIG. 17 is a front view of the level adjustment plate. FIG. 18 is a plan view of the cover body using the stairs, and FIG. 19 is a plan view of the cover body using the stairs.
It is a sectional view taken along the line DD in the figure. FIG. 20 is a plan view of the cover tube used for the stairs, and FIG. 21 is a front view of the cover tube. FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view of another stair unit, FIG. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view of yet another stair unit, and FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view of yet another standard stair unit. 1...Horizontal board, 2...Upward joint body, 3...
Downward joint body, 4... Stair unit, 4G... Stair unit for base, 4H... Stair unit for top, 5... Long hole in vertical direction, 6... Nut part, 7
...Bolt, 8...Treadboard, 9...Fixer, 10...
...Through hole, 11...Bolt, 12...Nut, 13
... Fixing body, 14 ... Through hole, 15 ... Bolt, 1
6... Nut part, 17... Mounting body, 18... Through hole, 19... Tapping screw, 20... Receiving hole, 2
1, 22, 23...One-sided or double-sided toothed washer,
32, 33... Reinforcement plate, 34... Cover body, 36
...Screw for fixing the cover body, 40...Screw for fixing the treadle, 41...Level adjustment plate, 43...Screw for adjustment, 47...Cover tube.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 An upward joint body 2 and a downward joint body 3 are vertically protruded from the base end and the distal end of the horizontal substrate 1, and the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3 are fitted into each other to be connected in multiple upper and lower stages. The stair unit 4 is screwed into a nut part 6 fixedly installed on the other side through a vertical long hole 5 provided in one of the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3, and tightens the upward joint body 2 and the downward joint body 3. A bolt 7 to be fixed; a washer with teeth on one side or a washer on both sides inserted between the head of the bolt 7 and the upward joint body 2 or the downward joint body 3; and a washer with teeth on both sides 21 to be fixed to the upper surface side of the horizontal board 1. It consists of a tread 8,
A prefabricated staircase in which an upward joint body 2 and a downward joint body 3 are formed of square or regular polygonal cylinders or grooves.