JPH051673Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a variable capacity vane type rotary compressor used as a refrigerant compressor for, for example, an automobile air conditioner.

(Prior Art) In general, in a vane type rotary compressor, in order to lubricate internal sliding parts and bearing parts, lubricating oil stored in a discharge chamber is pumped through the difference between a low suction pressure and a high discharge pressure. Pressure is used to supply each sliding part and bearing part.

As a conventional variable capacity vane type rotary compressor of this type, for example, one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-49189 is known.

In this variable capacity vane type rotary compressor, mist-like lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant is separated by an oil separator installed in the discharge chamber and stored at the bottom of the discharge chamber, and this lubricating oil is transferred to the compressor. The differential pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure is used to supply lubrication to each sliding part such as the bearing, the space between the rotor and the side plate, and the vane slit through the communication hole provided in the rear plate. are doing. Further, a part of the lubricating oil is introduced into the working chamber through the suction chamber together with the refrigerant, and lubricates each sliding part such as a vane and a cam ring in the working chamber.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in the case of such conventional variable displacement vane type rotary compressors, lubricating oil is pumped from the discharge chamber by using the differential pressure between the suction pressure and discharge pressure of the compressor. Since the structure was such that when the cooling load of the air conditioner becomes small and the discharge amount of the compressor is controlled to be low, the differential pressure between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure becomes small, causing the pressure to be supplied to the sliding parts. The amount of lubricant supplied is reduced. Therefore, there has been a problem in that the sliding portions are not lubricated smoothly, causing problems such as abnormal wear and seizure on the sliding portions.

(Purpose of the invention) Therefore, the present invention provides an opening/closing means that opens and closes the cylinder chamber in the actuator, which is supplied from the discharge chamber to operate the actuator, to the suction chamber, so that the discharge amount of the compressor becomes less than a predetermined amount. By opening the cylinder chamber to the suction chamber and introducing lubricating oil when the compressor has cooled, it eliminates the lack of lubricating oil when the compressor's output is low, and prevents abnormal wear and seizure of the compressor's sliding parts. The purpose is to prevent.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the variable capacity vane type rotary compressor according to the present invention has a suction chamber which is defined in the compressor and which introduces low-pressure refrigerant gas and supplies it to the compression section. ,
In addition to supplying the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression section to the outside of the compressor, there is a discharge chamber that stores lubricating oil below, and the flow rate of the refrigerant gas that is bypassed to the suction chamber as it rotates is changed to discharge the compressor. A movable plate that controls the amount, high-pressure lubricating oil in the discharge chamber and low-pressure refrigerant gas in the suction chamber are introduced alternately, and when the lubricating oil is introduced, the discharge amount of the compressor is reduced, and the refrigerant gas is introduced. an actuator that rotates a movable plate so as to increase the discharge amount when The communication between the cylinder chamber and the suction chamber is normally shut off, and when the discharge amount of the compressor decreases to a predetermined amount or less, the communication is opened to introduce lubricating oil into the suction chamber.

(Function) In the present invention, an opening/closing means is provided for opening and closing the cylinder chamber in the actuator, which is supplied from the discharge chamber to operate the actuator, to the suction chamber. Sometimes lubricating oil is introduced into the suction chamber. Therefore, the shortage of lubricating oil when the compressor has a low discharge amount is eliminated, and abnormal wear and seizure of the sliding parts of the compressor are prevented.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

1 to 7 are diagrams showing a first embodiment of the present invention. First, the configuration will be explained. In Figure 1, 1
is a cylindrical cam ring, and a cam surface 1a having a substantially elliptical cross section is formed on the inner periphery. Cam ring 1
A front plate 2 and a rear plate 3 are attached to both the opening ends of the front side (left side in the figure) and the rear side (right side in the figure), and seal the opening of the cam ring 1, respectively. A cylindrical rotor 4 is rotatably housed in a cam ring 1 between the front plate 2 and the rear plate 3, and a plurality of vanes 5 are fitted into the rotor 4 so as to be retractable so as to be in sliding contact with the cam surface 1a at the tip. It is inserted. The cam ring 1, front plate 2, rear plate 3, rotor 4, and vane 5 are housed in a bottomed cylindrical housing 6, and the front opening end (left end in the figure) of the housing 6 is sealed. A head cover 7 is attached.

8 is the front plate 2 and head cover 7
A low-pressure refrigerant gas is introduced into the suction chamber 8 from an air conditioner (not shown),
Refrigerant gas is supplied from the suction chamber 8 to the pair of compression sections 9 . The compression part 9 includes a cam ring 1, a front plate 2, a rear plate 3, a rotor 4, and a vane 5.
The refrigerant gas compressed within the compression section 9 by the rotation of the rotor 4 and the vane 5 is discharged into the discharge chamber 10 via a discharge port (not shown). The discharge chamber 10 is defined on the rear side within the housing 6, and compressed refrigerant gas is supplied from the housing 6 to an air conditioner (not shown) (outside the compressor). At the bottom of the discharge chamber 10, lubricating oil for lubricating each sliding part of the compressor is stored, separated from the refrigerant gas by an oil separator (not shown). This lubricating oil flows from the discharge chamber 10 to the oil passage 3a formed in the rear plate 3 and the orifice 1 due to the differential pressure between the suction pressure in the suction chamber 8 and the discharge pressure in the discharge chamber 10.
1, the pressure is reduced, and the compressor is supplied to each sliding part of the compressor. Lubricating oil is supplied to the sliding parts between the rotor 4 and the front plate 2 and rear plate 3, the sliding parts between the rotor 4 and the vanes 5, the sliding parts between the cam surface 1a and the vanes 5, the bearing parts, etc. After lubricating these parts, the refrigerant is mixed with the refrigerant gas and discharged from the compression section 9 to the discharge chamber 10 again, separated and stored in the discharge chamber 10.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a pair of arc-shaped bypass ports formed on the front plate 2. The bypass ports 12 open into the compression section 9 and communicate with the suction chamber 8.
A substantially disc-shaped movable plate 13 is provided between the cam ring 1 and the front plate 2 so as to be rotatable around the axis of the rotor 4, and the movable plate 13 adjusts the opening degree of the bypass port 12 as shown in FIG. It has a bypass opening 14 for adjusting the. The movable plate 13 rotates,
The flow rate of refrigerant gas bypassed from the compression section 9 to the suction chamber 8 via the bypass port 12 is changed to control the discharge amount of the compressor.

On the other hand, 15 is an actuator provided on the head cover 7. As shown in FIG. 4, the actuator 15 includes a cylinder 16 formed on the head cover 7, a piston 17 slidably fitted into the cylinder 16, and an arm portion 19 connected to the piston 17 by a pin 18. have The head of the cylinder 16 (on the left side in Fig. 4) has the cylinder 1
6 (right side in Figure 4)
A stopper 20 is provided that projects inward, and a cylindrical recess 17a is formed in the piston 17 in the axial direction of the cylinder 16, so that when the piston 17 moves in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2
0 is inserted into the recess 17a. Then, the bottom surface 17b of the recess 17a of the piston 17 is connected to the stopper 20.
The piston 17 is restricted from moving in the A direction by contacting the end surface 20a of the piston 17. A coil spring 21 is interposed between the head of the cylinder 16 and the bottom surface 17b of the piston 17, and the piston 17 is biased by the coil spring 21 in the direction of arrow B in FIG. Cover 2 that seals the opening
It is in contact with 2. The cylinder 16 is the piston 1
7 defines a first cylinder 23 on the stopper 20 side and a second cylinder chamber 24 on the cover 22 side (see FIGS. 4 and 6). Lubricating oil in the discharge chamber 10 and refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 8 are alternately introduced through the communication holes. Discharge chamber 1 in second cylinder chamber 24
When high-pressure lubricating oil is introduced into the second cylinder chamber 2, the piston 17 overcomes the biasing force of the coil spring 21 and moves in the direction A in FIG.
When the low-pressure refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 8 is introduced into the piston 4, the piston 17 moves in the direction B in FIG. 4 due to the biasing force of the coil spring 21. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the movable plate 13 is rotated by the actuator 15 via a drive pin 25 provided on the movable plate 13 and engaged with the arm portion 19 of the actuator 15. Then, the discharge chamber 10 is placed in the second cylinder chamber 24 of the actuator 15.
When the lubricating oil inside is introduced, the piston 17 moves to the fourth position.
The movable plate 13 is rotated as the movable plate 13 moves in the direction A in the figure, the opening degree of the bypass port 12 increases, and the discharge amount of the compressor decreases. When the refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 8 is introduced into the second cylinder chamber 24 of the actuator 15, the piston 17 moves in the direction B in FIG. 4, and the movable plate 13 rotates in the opposite direction. The opening degree of the bypass port 12 is decreased and the discharge amount of the compressor is increased.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 26 denotes an opening/closing means for opening and closing the lubricating oil in the first cylinder chamber 23 of the actuator 15 to the suction chamber 8. The opening/closing means 26 is
As shown in detail in FIG. 5, the piston 1 is arranged so that the first cylinder chamber 23 and the second cylinder chamber 24 communicate with each other.
The first cylinder chamber 23 of the communication hole 27 bored in 7
A valve seat 28 formed on the side, a poppet valve body 29 whose protrusion 29a integrally formed in contact with the valve seat 28 from the second cylinder chamber 24 side projects into the first cylinder chamber 23; A coil spring 31 is interposed between the right end and a retainer 30 provided on the second cylinder chamber 24 side of the communication hole 27, and biases the poppet valve body 29 in the direction of arrow A in the figure. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the second cylinder chamber 24 is normally isolated from the first cylinder chamber 23 by the opening/closing means 26, but when the discharge pressure of the compressor increases, the piston 17 The discharge amount of the compressor decreases. Then, when the piston 17 moves further and the discharge amount of the compressor falls below a predetermined amount, the protrusion 29a of the poppet valve body 29 comes into contact with the end surface 20a of the stopper 20, as shown in FIGS. The poppet valve body 29 is in contact with B in the figure.
The poppet valve body 29 overcomes the biasing force of the coil spring 31 and moves in the B direction, and the lubricating oil in the second cylinder 24 flows into the first cylinder chamber 2.
3. Furthermore, the lubricating oil that has flowed into the first cylinder chamber 23 is transferred to the oil passage 32 formed near the bottom surface 17b of the piston 17 and the first cylinder chamber 23.
The suction chamber 8 is supplied through an opening 33 provided in the head cover 7 so as to communicate the cylinder chamber 23 with the suction chamber 8 . Note that 34 indicates that the lubricating oil in the second cylinder chamber 24 or the discharge pressure of the compressor is the first.
the piston 1 to prevent leakage into the cylinder chamber 23.
This is a sealing member provided at 7. Moreover, when the piston 17 moves in the A direction, the opening 33
The pin 18 is formed in a slit shape along the axis of the cylinder 16 so that the pin 18 provided between the piston 17 and the arm portion 19 can move without any hindrance.

In FIG. 1, 35 is a control valve. The control valve 35 is provided at the bottom of FIG. 1, straddling the cam ring 1, the front plate 2 and the head cover 3.
A ball valve 36 communicating with the discharge chamber 10 and a poppet valve 33 opposed to the ball valve 36 communicating with the suction chamber 8
The ball valve 36 comprises a ball valve body 38, a ball valve seat portion 39, and a coil spring 40 that is interposed in the ball valve 38 and biases the ball valve body 38 toward the ball valve seat portion 39.
The back of the ball valve 38 is connected to the discharge chamber 1 through a through hole 41.
The pocket valve 37 is made up of a poppet valve body 42 and a poppet valve body seat portion 43, and is connected to a bellows 44 provided in a control cylinder 44.
5, the ball valve 36 and the poppet valve 37 are opened and closed, and the high pressure lubricating oil in the discharge chamber 10 and the low pressure refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 8 are alternately introduced into the second cylinder chamber 24 of the actuator 15.
The control cylinder 44 is provided below the head cover 27, and the inside of the control cylinder 44 is divided into an atmospheric pressure introduction chamber 46 and a suction pressure introduction chamber 47 by a bellows 45. The left end of the atmospheric pressure introduction chamber 46 in the figure is open to the atmosphere, and the atmosphere is introduced into the atmospheric pressure introduction chamber 46. The suction pressure introduction chamber 47 is connected to the suction chamber 8, and the bellows 45 is connected to the bellows 5.
The control cylinder 44 expands and contracts in the axial direction of the control cylinder 44 in response to the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure introduced from the atmospheric pressure introducing chamber 46 and the suction pressure introduced from the suction pressure introducing chamber 47, together with a spring (not shown) disposed within the control cylinder 44. As described above, the ball valve 36 and the poppet valve 37 of the control valve 35 are opened and closed, and the lubricating oil in the discharge chamber 10 and the refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 8 are alternately supplied to the actuator 15 to operate the piston 17, thereby rotating the movable plate 13 and changing the discharge volume of the compressor.

Next, the effect will be explained.

In FIG. 1, when the rotation shaft of the rotor 4 is connected to and driven by a vehicle engine etc. and the rotor 4 rotates, the vanes 5 protrude in the radial direction due to centrifugal force and back pressure of the vanes 5, and their tips are connected to the cam ring. 1
It rotates while slidingly contacting the cam surface 1a. and,
Refrigerant gas is sucked into the compression part 9 from the suction chamber 8 through a suction port (not shown), and the refrigerant gas is compressed in the compression part 9 to a high pressure and high temperature, and then passes through the discharge chamber 10 to an air conditioner (not shown). Supplied.

If the discharge amount of the compressor is too small for the refrigerant load of the air conditioner, for example, when the temperature inside the car is high and you want to reduce the temperature suddenly, such as when the air conditioner starts operating, The pressure of the refrigerant gas returned to is increased. Therefore, the suction pressure of the compressor increases, and the pressure in the suction pressure introduction chamber 47 of the control cylinder 44 increases, causing the atmospheric pressure introduction chamber 46 to increase.
The force acting on the bellows 45 due to the differential pressure between the atmospheric pressure inside the chamber and the suction pressure inside the suction pressure introduction chamber 47 overcomes the biasing force of the spring inside the bellows 45, causing the bellows 45 to contract and deform to the left in FIG. . Accordingly, the ball valve 36 of the control valve 35 is closed, the poppet valve 37 is opened, and refrigerant gas is introduced into the second cylinder chamber 24 of the actuator 15.
Then, as described above, the piston 17 of the actuator 15 moves in the direction of arrow B in FIG. The amount of refrigerant gas increases, and a flow rate of refrigerant gas commensurate with the load of the air conditioner is supplied to the air conditioner.

Also, if the discharge amount of the compressor is excessive compared to the refrigerant load of the air conditioner, for example, when the inside of the car is cooled to a suitable temperature, and the air conditioner is operated simply to maintain the inside temperature, , the pressure of the refrigerant gas returned from the air conditioner to the compressor decreases. Therefore, the suction pressure of the compressor becomes low, and the pressure in the suction pressure introduction chamber 47 of the control cylinder 44 becomes low, and the biasing force of the spring in the bellows 45 becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric pressure introduction chamber 46 and the suction pressure. The bellows 45 expands and deforms to the right in FIG. 1 by overcoming the force acting on the bellows 45 due to the suction pressure difference in the introduction chamber 47. Along with this, the poppet valve 37 of the control valve 35 is closed, the ball valve 36 is opened, and the second cylinder chamber 24 of the actuator 15 is opened.
The lubricating oil in the discharge chamber 10 is introduced into the discharge chamber 10. Then, the piston 17 of the actuator 15 moves in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 4, and the movable plate 13 is rotated.
The opening movement of the bypass port 12 of the front plate 2 increases, and the discharge amount of the compressor decreases.

On the other hand, the lubricating oil stored at the bottom of the discharge chamber 10 passes through the oil passage 3a of the rear plate 3 and the orifice 11 to the rotor 4 and the front plate due to the differential pressure between the discharge pressure in the discharge chamber 10 and the suction pressure in the suction chamber 8. The oil is supplied to the sliding parts between the rotor 2 and the rear plate 3, the sliding parts between the rotor 4 and the vanes 5, the sliding parts between the cam surface 1a and the vanes 5, and the bearing parts, and lubricates each of these parts. Then, as mentioned above, the discharge amount of the compressor is reduced in accordance with the decrease in the cooling load of the air conditioner, and when the discharge amount becomes less than a predetermined value,
The differential pressure between the discharge pressure in the discharge chamber 10 and the suction pressure in the suction chamber 8 becomes smaller, and the amount of lubricating oil supplied to each sliding part and bearing part of the compressor also decreases. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the actuator 1
The lubricating oil from the discharge chamber 10 is introduced into the second cylinder chamber 24 of No.
The protrusion 29a of the poppet valve body 29 is the stopper 2.
Abuts on the end surface 20a of 0. Then, the poppet valve body 29 overcomes the urging force of the coil spring 31 and moves in the direction of arrow B, separating from the valve seat 29, and the lubricating oil in the second cylinder chamber 24 is transferred to the first cylinder by the opening/closing means 26. It flows into the chamber 23. The lubricating oil that has flowed into the first cylinder chamber 23 is supplied to the suction chamber 8 through the oil passage 32 of the piston 17 and the opening 33 of the cylinder 16, becomes a mist in the suction chamber 8, and mixes with the refrigerant gas. The lubricating oil is supplied to each sliding part and bearing part of the compressor to lubricate these parts, and eliminates the shortage of lubricating oil when the discharge rate of the compressor decreases to a predetermined value or less.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the opening/closing means 26 for opening and closing the second cylinder chamber 24 of the actuator 15 supplied from the discharge chamber 10 to operate the actuator 15 to the suction chamber 8 is provided, and the compressor Since the lubricating oil is introduced into the suction chamber 8 when the discharge amount of the compressor becomes less than a predetermined amount, it is possible to eliminate the shortage of lubricating oil when the discharge amount of the compressor is low. As a result, abnormal wear and seizure of the sliding parts of the compressor can be prevented.

8 to 10 are diagrams showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, 48 indicates the head cover 7.
This is a substantially V-shaped communication groove formed at an angle so as to cut out the head cover 7 from the end of the opening 33 in the direction of arrow B in FIG. Normally, as shown in FIG. 8, the communication groove 48 is closed by the piston 17 to isolate the second cylinder chamber 24 from the suction chamber 8, but as shown in FIG. When the lubricating oil in the discharge chamber 10 is introduced into the second cylinder chamber 24 and the piston 17 moves in the direction of arrow A in the figure, and the discharge amount of the compressor decreases to a predetermined amount or less, the lubricating oil in the discharge chamber 10 is introduced into the second cylinder chamber 24. The opening 33
The lubricating oil is introduced into the suction chamber 8 through communication with the second cylinder chamber 24 through the suction chamber 8 . In this embodiment, the communication groove 48 constitutes an opening/closing means, and the other configurations and functions are the same as in the first embodiment. Therefore, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained in this embodiment as well. be able to. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the communication groove 48 has a substantially V-shaped opening that narrows in the B direction, so the discharge amount of the compressor is reduced and lubrication is improved. As the condition deteriorates, the opening area becomes larger and the flow rate of lubricating oil flowing into the suction chamber 8 increases, so that the degree of lubricating oil shortage can be followed.

11 and 12 are diagrams showing a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the head cover 7 has a slit-shaped communication groove 49 at the same position as the communication groove 48 in FIG. 6 showing the second embodiment.
is formed, and the communication groove 4 described in the second embodiment is
The same effect as 8 can be performed. Other functions and configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained in this embodiment as well. In this embodiment, the communication groove 49 constitutes an opening/closing means.

13 and 14 are diagrams showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 13 and 14, reference numeral 50 denotes a circular communication hole formed at a distance in the direction B from the end of the opening 33 of the head cover 7 in the direction of arrow B in FIG. And, like the communication groove 48 of the first embodiment, the communication hole 50 is normally connected to the piston 17.
The piston 17 moves in the direction of arrow A and the discharge amount of the compressor decreases to below a predetermined amount. The second cylinder chamber 24 is directly communicated with the suction chamber 8, and the lubricating oil in the second cylinder chamber 24 is introduced into the suction chamber 8. In this embodiment, the communication hole 50 constitutes the opening/closing means, and the other configurations and functions are the same as in the first embodiment, and therefore the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

(Effects) According to the present invention, an opening/closing means is provided for opening and closing the cylinder chamber in the actuator, which is supplied from the discharge chamber to operate the actuator, to the suction chamber, so that the discharge amount of the compressor becomes less than a predetermined amount. Since the lubricating oil is introduced into the suction chamber when the compressor is running, it is possible to solve the problem of lubricating oil shortage when the discharge amount of the compressor is low.
Therefore, abnormal wear and seizure of the sliding parts of the compressor can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 7 are views showing a first embodiment of a variable capacity vane type rotary compressor according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a front sectional view, FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view, and FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view. The front view of the movable plate, Figure 4, is W-W in Figure 2.
5 is a partial sectional view showing the opening/closing means, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line W-W in FIG. 2 showing the operation of the opening/closing means, and FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view showing the operation of the opening/closing means. 8 to 10 are partial sectional views showing a second embodiment of the variable capacity vane type rotary compressor according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the opening/closing means thereof, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the operation of the opening/closing means, and FIGS. 11 and 12 are the third section of the variable capacity vane rotary compressor according to the present invention.
11 is a partial sectional view showing the opening/closing means, and FIG. 12 is a view taken along Y-Y in FIG. 11.
13 and 14 are diagrams showing a fourth embodiment of the variable capacity vane type rotary compressor according to the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a partial sectional view showing its opening/closing means;
FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along the Z-Z line in FIG. 13. 8... Suction chamber, 9... Compression section, 10... Discharge chamber, 13... Movable plate, 15... Actuator,
24...Second cylinder chamber (cylinder chamber), 26...
...Opening/closing means.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A suction chamber defined within the compressor that introduces low-pressure refrigerant gas and supplies it to the compression section, and a discharge chamber that supplies the refrigerant gas discharged from the compression section to the outside of the compressor and stores lubricating oil below. and a movable plate that controls the discharge amount of the compressor by changing the flow rate of refrigerant gas to be bypassed to the suction chamber as it rotates, and the high-pressure lubricating oil in the discharge chamber and the low-pressure refrigerant gas in the suction chamber alternate. and an actuator that rotates a movable plate so that the compressor discharge rate decreases when lubricating oil is introduced and increases the discharge rate when refrigerant gas is introduced. In a vane type rotary compressor, an opening/closing means is provided for opening and closing the cylinder chamber in the actuator to the suction chamber, and normally the communication between the cylinder chamber and the suction chamber is cut off, and the discharge amount of the compressor is reduced. A variable capacity vane type rotary compressor characterized in that it opens and introduces lubricating oil into a suction chamber when the amount falls below a certain amount.