JPH0519075Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to an artificial dialysis device that increases the rate of replacement of air present in the dialyzer with a priming liquid when priming the dialyzer.

[Prior Art] Priming processing for dialysis is a process in which the main purpose of priming treatment for blood is to improve the blood passageway and the affinity between the blood separation membrane and blood, and to remove air present in the blood separation membrane. The other purpose is to completely replace the filling material and deposits present in the blood separation membrane with a priming solution (generally physiological saline or heparin-containing physiological saline), and to clean and separate the membrane. This is to prevent substances and foreign substances attached to the membrane from entering the blood. Types of separation membranes include hollow membranes, flat membranes, and tube-shaped membranes.

Conventionally, there are two types of priming processing methods for artificial dialysis machines.The first method is to supply the priming liquid 1 to the blood port on one side of the dialyzer 7 by operating the blood pump 5 as shown in FIG. In this method, the blood is introduced from the blood port on the opposite side and discharged from the blood port on the opposite side. In this method, the blood pump must be stopped before the priming liquid in the reservoir runs out. The second method is to first operate as shown in Figure 6, then connect the arterial connector 2 and venous connector 3 as shown in Figure 7 to make the blood circuit a closed circuit and circulate the blood. be. According to this method, the total flow rate flowing through the dialyzer 7 increases, so that the rate at which substances and foreign matter adhering to the blood separation membrane are washed away with the priming liquid increases. In both cases, the blood circuit during dialysis is shown by a broken line.

Regarding the first method, an artificial dialysis apparatus that automatically performs priming by being equipped with a bubble detection section and a control section has already been reported in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 153138/1983.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] By the way, when using the first method (see Fig. 6), it is difficult to remove air present in the blood separation membrane and substances and foreign matter adhering to the separation membrane, especially fine particles. Air removal was not complete. In other words, 1000 ml of priming solution 1 is normally used, but sometimes it is not enough to flush that amount, and in those cases, it is necessary to flush out extra priming fluid, which caused economic dissatisfaction.

Furthermore, when using the second method (see Fig. 7), by increasing the number of circulations, the total flow rate of the priming liquid 1 flowing through the dialyzer 7 increases, which seemingly increases the air removal rate. Yes, but
However, when circulating in a closed circuit, there was no way for the air to escape, and even if air was removed, it would return to the dialyzer.

Furthermore, since these methods usually rely on manual labor, it is often the case that the dialyzer and blood circuit from which air has been removed are refilled with air, overlooking the fact that the priming fluid has run out. It was hot. The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems that conventional artificial dialysis machines have during priming operations.

[Means for solving the problem] In order to achieve this purpose, this invention has the following configuration. That is, the artificial dialysis device according to this invention is an artificial dialysis device that is equipped with a blood pump in a blood circuit including a dialyzer, and when performing a priming operation, connects an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit to form a circulation circuit, An overflow tube is provided in the upper part of the drip chamber of the blood circuit, and means for closing the tube is further provided, and the blood pump is operated with the tube closing means open to supply the priming liquid. is circulated through the circulation circuit, and a portion of the priming liquid is discharged from the overflow tube to perform priming by supplying the priming liquid from the priming liquid storage container to the circulation circuit at a predetermined flow rate. The apparatus is characterized by comprising a priming mechanism that includes a control section that operates the tube closing means to close the tube before or at the same time as the liquid in the storage container runs out.

[Example] An example of this invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First Embodiment A first embodiment of this invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. First, connect the arterial connector 2 and the venous connector 3 and turn on the dialysis/priming switch (inside the operating section 13), the device switches to the priming state, the valve 11 opens, and the priming liquid 1 passes through the bubble detector 10. Then, it flows into the circulation circuit. Then, as soon as the priming operation switch (inside the operating section 13) is turned on, the blood pump 5 starts operating, and the priming fluid passes through the blood pump, passes through the drip chamber 6, the dialyzer 7, and another drip chamber 8, and returns to the blood pump. It is circulated. At this time, if you press the priming switch, valve 11
When the timer closes, the timer operates, and after the set time has elapsed, the valve 11 opens and the blood pump operates.The preparations before priming can be made on the day before dialysis, and the timer will be activated automatically at a predetermined time on the day of dialysis. This is convenient because priming can be started. Also, even when using this method,
If you want to start the blood pump immediately after turning on the priming switch, you can set the timer to 0.

Now, when the priming liquid is circulating, since the valve 11 is open, a portion of the liquid overflows from the drip chamber 8 and is drained through the overflow tube 9. The air inside the dialyzer 7 and the blood circuit 14 also accumulates in the upper part of the drip chamber due to buoyancy, and is discharged together with the overflow liquid. This operation is also aided by the fact that the inner diameter of the drip chamber 8 is large compared to the inner diameter of the tube of the blood circuit 14, so that the flow rate of the priming fluid is slowed down as it flows into the drip chamber. In this embodiment, when the flow rate of the blood pump 5 is set to c as shown in FIG. 1, the relationship between the flow rate b of the priming liquid line and the flow rate a of the circulation line before the priming analysis section is c=a+b. If a=
60ml/min, b=400ml/min, c=100ml/min,
Assuming priming liquid volume = 1000ml, if operation continues with overflow, the time until the priming liquid runs out is 25 min (1000ml ÷
40 ml/min), and during that time, the priming liquid C is flowing through the dialyzer 7 at a flow rate of 100 ml/min. That is, the total flow rate passing through the dialyzer 7 is 2500 ml (100 ml/min x 25 min). Since the total flow rate in the state shown in FIG. 6 is only the same as the amount of priming liquid, this means that the flow rate has increased by 2.5 times with the same amount of priming liquid supplied. Further, since the flow rate b can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the flow rate regulator 4, the total flow rate can be determined freely. The increased total flow rate means that the dialyzer 7 and blood circuit 14
This leads to better replacement of the air inside with the priming solution 1, and also captures more substances and foreign substances adhering to the dialyzer and blood circuit, as well as eluates from the dialyzer and blood circuit, into the fluid. This leads to things. After performing the above operations, when the priming liquid 1 runs out and bubbles are detected by the bubble detector 10, the valve 11 closes.
The circulation changes to a closed circuit, and priming ends with the blood pump 5 rotating. The bubble detector is not only for priming,
The bubble detector of the level monitor that is usually attached to the dialysis machine may be used for priming.

Before starting dialysis of the priming solution containing substances, foreign substances, and eluates that are trapped in the dialyzer or blood circuit during circulation, disconnect the arterial connector 2 and the venous connector 3. It is preferable to flush and replace the priming solution with fresh priming solution. If the blood pump 5 is held in a rotating state, the dialyzer 7 will not be completely removed.
There is also an advantage that the air remaining in the blood circuit 14 accumulates in the drip chamber 8.
However, from the point of view of air removal, even if priming ends with the blood pump stopped, it is much better than before, so priming is not limited to ending with the blood pump running. .

Second Embodiment A second embodiment of this invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5. The difference from the first embodiment is that it is simply constructed using only relays without using a bubble detector or CPU. Specifically, first, the arterial connector 2 and the venous connector 3 are connected. After that, when the priming changeover switch 15 is turned on, the K2 relay 19 is activated and the valve 11 is turned ON and the priming liquid 1 flows through the flow rate regulator 4 into the circulation circuit as shown in FIG. Then, when the priming operation switch 16 is turned on, the K1 relay 18 is activated, and the valve 1
1 turns OFF and closes, at the same time TK1 relay 1
7 (delay relay) begins to operate. After that, after the set time t1, the contact of TK1 relay 1 turns ON and the blood pump starts operating, and at the same time, valve 11
opens and TK2 relay 20 (delay relay) starts operating.

The method described above is preferable if the priming is to be automatically started at a specified time on the day of dialysis after being operated the day before dialysis. Also, on the day of dialysis, if you want to activate the blood pump immediately after turning on the priming operation switch 16, you can set the timer to 0, which can be used in a wide range of applications, but if you turn on the priming operation switch without using the TK1 relay 17,
The blood pump may start working immediately. The setting time of this TK2 relay 20 is adjusted by adjusting the flow rate regulator 4 and set before the priming liquid 1 runs out, and when the time elapses, the valve 11 closes and the priming ends with the blood pump 5 in operation. do. Note that when priming is completed, whether the blood pump is in a rotating state or a stopped state is not limited as described in the first embodiment. In addition, input AC100V and output
DC24V is also mentioned above for convenience, but is not limited to this.

[Effects of the invention] When using the artificial dialysis device of this invention, priming can be performed automatically, and even though the total flow rate through the dialyzer during priming supplies the same amount of priming fluid, compared to the conventional one, Since a large amount of air can be removed, the affinity between the blood passage and the blood separation membrane and the blood is greatly increased, and the rate of removal of air present in the blood passage and the blood separation membrane is also greatly increased. Therefore, the contact area between the blood separation membrane in the dialyzer and the blood can be increased, so that efficient dialysis can be performed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1: A configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2
Figures... Time chart in Figure 1, Figure 3... A configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4... Time chart in Figure 3, Figure 5... Control unit in Figure 3. Circuit diagrams, FIG. 6...A configuration diagram showing a conventional embodiment, and FIG. 7...A configuration diagram showing another conventional embodiment. 1... Priming liquid, 2... Arterial side connector, 3... Venous side connector, 4... Flow rate regulator,
5...Blood pump, 6...Drippuchiyamba, 7
...Dializer, 8...Drippuchiyamba, 9
...Overflow tube, 10...Bubble detector, 11...Valve, 12...Control unit, 13...
...Operation unit, 14...Blood circuit, 15...Dialysis/priming switch, 16...Priming activation switch, 17...TK1 delay relay, 18
...K1 relay, 19...K2 relay, 20...
TK2 delay relay.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) When performing a priming operation in an artificial dialysis machine equipped with a blood pump in a blood circuit including a dialyzer, an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit are connected to form a circulation circuit, An overflow tube is provided in the upper part of the drip chamber of the blood circuit, and means for occluding the tube is further provided, and the blood pump is operated with the tube occlusion means open for priming. Priming is performed by discharging a portion of the priming liquid from the overflow tube by circulating the liquid in the circulation circuit and supplying the priming liquid from the priming liquid storage container to the circulation circuit at a predetermined flow rate, and then priming. An artificial dialysis apparatus comprising a priming mechanism that operates the tube closing means to close the tube before or at the same time as the liquid in the liquid storage container runs out. (2) The artificial dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that a bubble detector is used as a means for detecting when the liquid in the priming liquid reservoir runs out. (3) The artificial dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a delay relay is used as a means for detecting when the liquid in the priming liquid storage container runs out.