JPH052189Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an ultrasonic dialysis device that performs dialysis while transmitting ultrasonic waves into a dialysis tank.

[Prior art] A device that purifies the sol inside the membrane by placing a sol mixed with various low molecular weight solutes inside a semipermeable membrane, immersing it in a solvent, and diffusing the low molecular weight solutes outside the membrane. Certain dialysis machines are well known, and FIG. 5 shows a conventional dialysis machine for performing artificial dialysis of blood.

Inside the cylindrical dialysis tank 10, a large number of thin tubes 14 made of a semipermeable membrane material and whose ends are attached to the dialysis tank caps 12a and 12b are loaded (for convenience, only five tubes are shown). Upper dialysis tank cap 1
2a is provided with a blood supply pipe 16 for supplying blood to the semipermeable membrane capillary 14 in the dialysis tank 10, and the dialysis tank cap 12b on the lower side of the dialysis tank 10 is connected to the dialysis tank cap 12b.
A blood discharge pipe 18 is provided for discharging blood that has been subjected to dialysis treatment.

A dialysate supply pipe 20 for supplying dialysate, which is a solvent, into the dialyzer 10 is provided on the upper side of the dialyzer 10, and a dialysate supply pipe 20 is provided on the lower side of the dialyzer 10.
A dialysate discharge pipe 22 is provided for discharging the dialysate and unnecessary substances in the blood that have permeated through the semipermeable membrane thin tube 14.

That is, in the conventional hemodialysis apparatus described above, blood is supplied from the blood supply pipe 16, and the supplied blood passes through each semipermeable membrane thin tube 14 in the dialysis tank 10 filled with dialysate. While passing through this semipermeable membrane tubule 14, unnecessary substances in the blood are transferred from the semipermeable membrane tubule to the dialysis tank 10.
The blood that has been purified by the permeation of unnecessary substances is discharged from the blood discharge pipe 18.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] According to the conventional dialysis apparatus (hemodialysis apparatus) described above, it takes a long time (about 5 hours) to dialyze blood. Because this process requires a long processing time, people who have to undergo dialysis treatment two or three times a week, such as patients with chronic renal failure, end up having to spend a lot of time on treatment. There was a problem.

Purpose of the invention The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to promote the dialysis action in the dialysis tank and to perform ultra-high-speed dialysis treatment efficiently, in a short time, and with high reliability. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sonic dialysis device.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, the ultrasonic dialysis device according to the present invention includes a dialysis tank that performs dialysis treatment inside,
In order to transmit ultrasonic waves into the dialysis tank, a plurality of trough-shaped transducers are arranged around the outside of the dialysis tank and are bent so that the transmitted ultrasonic waves are focused in the traveling direction, and a cavity is installed inside the dialysis tank. A cavitation detecting section includes a transmitting section that transmits ultrasonic waves for detecting the occurrence of cavitation, and a receiving section that detects the occurrence of cavitation based on the ultrasonic waves received from the transmitting section; The present invention is characterized in that it includes a drive control section that controls the drive of each trough-like vibrator.

[Effect] According to the present invention, when dialysis treatment is performed while irradiating the inside of the dialysis tank with ultrasonic waves, the effect of the dialysis action inside the dialysis tank can be further enhanced compared to when the treatment is performed without irradiating ultrasound waves. This was done with a focus on the fact that it is possible.

According to the ultrasonic dialysis device according to the present invention, a plurality of transducers are arranged around the outer periphery of the dialysis tank in order to transmit ultrasonic waves into the dialysis tank, and each of these transducers has a gutter-like shape. As a result, the ultrasonic waves transmitted from each transducer are focused toward the dialysis tank. Therefore, the ultrasonic waves irradiated into the dialysis tank become substantially uniform within the dialysis tank, thereby making it possible to obtain a uniform sound field within the dialysis tank.

That is, the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transducer attenuate as they proceed inside the dialysis tank. Therefore, in the area near the outer periphery of the inside of the dialysis tank, the dialysis process is promoted due to the good effect of ultrasound, but in the internal area, the ultrasound is attenuated, so it is difficult to obtain a sufficient dialysis promoting effect of ultrasound. I can't. However, by irradiating ultrasonic waves in a focused manner inside the dialysis tank using the trough-like transducer of the present invention, the attenuation of the ultrasonic waves is reinforced by focusing the ultrasonic waves, creating a nearly uniform sound field. This is something that can be obtained.

Thereby, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the dialysis action within the entire dialysis tank.

[Example] Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example in which the ultrasonic dialysis device according to the present invention is used in a hemodialysis tank.
Elements similar to those of the conventional hemodialysis apparatus shown in FIG. 5 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted.

The characteristic feature of the present invention is that a plurality of transducers 24 for irradiating ultrasonic waves are arranged around the outer periphery of the dialysis tank 10, and each of these transducers 24 has a gutter-like shape. In this case, four vibrators 24 are arranged around the outer periphery of the dialysis tank 10 on all sides.

As shown in the plan view of the dialysis apparatus in FIG. 2, in this example, each vibrator 24 is arranged at a predetermined distance from the dialysis tank 10, but each vibrator 24 is placed at a location indicated by a broken line in the figure. A matching layer 2 is provided between the child and the dialysis tank 10.
By providing 6, it is possible to improve the efficiency of irradiating ultrasonic waves to the dialysis tank 10. Yet another characteristic feature of the present invention is that it includes a transmitter and a receiver that transmit and receive ultrasonic waves for detecting cavitation to detect the occurrence of cavitation during dialysis treatment in the dialysis tank 10. This is because a cavitation detection section configured as shown in FIG.

This is because the effect of promoting dialysis action by transmitting ultrasonic waves is enhanced by increasing the intensity of the ultrasonic waves, but the increase in the intensity of the transmitted ultrasonic waves increases the dialysis tank 10.
There is a risk of cavitation occurring inside.
That is, if this cavitation occurs, air bubbles will be mixed into the blood, creating a situation that is harmful to the human body. Therefore, at the same time as transmitting ultrasonic waves for promoting dialysis action, the cavitation detection section monitors the occurrence of cavitation within the dialysis tank. This enables control such as transmitting ultrasonic waves as strong as possible and quickly reducing the output intensity of ultrasonic waves for dialysis promotion when cavitation occurs so as not to adversely affect the human body.

In this embodiment, the cavitation detection section has vibrators 28 and 30 attached to caps 12a and 12b provided above and below the dialysis tank, respectively, and one of them is used as a vibrator for transmitting ultrasonic waves for detecting cavitation. The other one is used as a vibration receiving transducer that receives ultrasonic waves from this transducer.

In addition, in order to clarify the mechanical configuration of the device, FIGS. 1 and 2 above show a drive signal output section that outputs a drive signal to each vibrator, and a drive signal output section that outputs a drive signal to each vibrator. A drive control unit that controls ultrasonic wave transmission is omitted from illustration.

FIG. 3 shows the overall configuration of the circuit of the ultrasonic dialysis apparatus according to the above embodiment. Drive signal output section 32 that supplies signals
is connected. The vibrators 28 and 30 provided as cavitation detection sections in the caps 12a and 12b are components of the transmitting section 34 and the receiving section 36, respectively. power amplifier 40
connected via. The oscillator 38 is an oscillator for causing the vibrator 28 to output ultrasonic waves for detecting the occurrence of cavitation, and the total acoustic output of the vibrator 28 is equal to the total acoustic output of the vibrator 24 that transmits ultrasonic waves for promoting dialysis action. While the output is about 20W, it is said to have a smaller output of about 2 to 3W. The transducer 30 is connected to a receiver 44 that receives the amplified signal via a power amplifier 42 for amplifying the input ultrasonic signal, and is further connected to a receiver 44 that receives the amplified signal.
4 is connected to a detector 46, which detects the occurrence of cavitation based on the received signal.

Said vibrator 28, oscillator 38 and power amplifier 4
0 constitutes a transmitter 34, and a vibrator 30, a power amplifier 42, a receiver 44, and a detector 46 constitute a receiver 36. And transmitting section 3
4 and the receiving section 36 constitute a cavitation detecting section 37.

The detector 46 is connected to the drive control section 48 and transmits the cavitation generation signal to the drive control section 48.
supply to. The drive control section 48 controls the drive signal output section 32 based on the cavitation generation signal.

Next, the actual operation of this embodiment will be explained.

In this embodiment, when the dialysis process is started, ultrasonic waves for promoting dialysis action are transmitted from the four vibrators 24 into the dialysis tank 10 . At this time, each vibrator 24
is formed in the shape of a gutter, and the transmitted ultrasonic waves are transmitted so as to be focused inside the dialysis tank. Therefore, ultrasonic waves attenuate as they move away from the transducer, but this attenuation can be prevented by focusing the ultrasonic waves. That is, the ultrasonic attenuation parameter and the focusing parameter are set to match each other, and the ultrasonic attenuation is supplemented by focusing the acoustic energy to form a uniform sound field within the dialysis tank 10. be able to.

During this dialysis process, the dialysis tank 10 may
If cavitation occurs within the vehicle, this is quickly detected by the cavitation detection section 37. As shown in Figures 4A and 4B, cavitation occurrence can be detected by increasing the ultrasonic output intensity when cavitation is not occurring (Figure 4A), and the input intensity also increases accordingly. However, when cavitation occurs (FIG. 4B), the relationship between input and output intensities loses linearity, and the input intensity no longer increases.

Detection is performed based on the relationship between the input and output intensities of ultrasonic waves for detecting the occurrence of cavitation.

In other words, the detector 4 detects a signal based on the stoppage of the increase in the input intensity at the receiver 44 or a decrease in the input intensity.
6, the occurrence of cavitation is detected.

Here, the detector 46 outputs a cavitation occurrence signal to the drive control section 48. The drive control unit 48 that has received the cavitation generation signal outputs an output control signal to the drive signal output unit 32 and outputs the output control signal to the oscillator 3.
The output intensity of 2a is reduced or the output is stopped. As a result, countermeasures can be taken quickly and automatically when cavitation occurs, and adverse effects on the human body can be prevented. In addition, by confirming the ultrasonic intensity at which dangerous cavitation occurs in advance using this device, the output can be gradually increased to a value close to this intensity, thereby preventing the occurrence of ultrasonic waves while preventing the occurrence of cavitation. It is also possible to transmit waves.

As described above, according to this embodiment, by forming a uniform sound field within the dialysis tank, dialysis treatment can be performed efficiently and with high reliability, and at the same time, cavitation can be quickly prevented. measures can be taken.

[Effects of the invention] As explained above, according to the ultrasonic dialysis apparatus according to the invention, by making the shape of the vibrator gutter-like, the transmitted ultrasonic waves can be focused toward the inside of the dialysis tank. It can complement the attenuation of the ultrasonic intensity and create a uniform sound field within the dialysis tank, making it possible to perform uniform dialysis treatment without bias. Further, by providing the cavitation detection section, dialysis treatment can be performed while monitoring the occurrence of cavitation, and when cavitation occurs, it is possible to take prompt measures.

Thereby, the dialysis time can be shortened by increasing the efficiency of the dialysis process, and at the same time, the reliability of the dialysis apparatus can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of an ultrasonic dialysis device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the embodiment, Fig. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of the embodiment, and Figs. B is a graph showing the relationship between the output intensity and input intensity of ultrasonic waves for detecting cavitation occurrence, and FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional hemodialysis apparatus. 10... Dialysis tank, 12... Cap, 24,2
8, 30... vibrator, 32... drive signal output section,
34... Transmission unit, 36... Receiving unit, 37... Cavitation detection unit, 48... Drive control unit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] A dialysis tank that performs dialysis treatment inside the dialysis tank, and a plurality of ultrasonic waves arranged around the outside of the dialysis tank to transmit ultrasonic waves into the dialysis tank, so that the transmitted ultrasonic waves are focused in the direction of travel. A trough-shaped vibrator bent so that 1. An ultrasonic dialysis apparatus comprising: a cavitation detection section consisting of a cavitation detection section; and a drive control section that controls drive of each of the trough-like vibrators based on a cavitation generation signal from the reception section.