JPH0524265B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Industrial Field of Application of the Invention) The present invention relates to a fabric that is comfortable to wear and does not easily stain, and a method for producing the fabric. (Prior Art) Conventionally, fabrics made of cotton have been mainly used as work clothes in workplaces where heavy oil, machine oil, etc. are used. This is mainly due to the comfort that comes from cotton's water absorbency, but it is insufficient in terms of ease of removing oil stains, which is another characteristic required of these work clothes. Therefore, there is still a strong demand for the development of a fabric that has both the comfort of cotton and the ease with which stains can be removed, and research is continuing. It is generally said that the ease with which oil stains are removed is achieved by increasing the hydrophilicity of the fiber surface.In this sense, even though cotton is sufficiently hydrophilic, it is difficult to remove oil stains from cotton. This is because the single fibers have a complicated twisted ribbon shape and have fine folds, making it difficult for oil stains that seep into these folds to fall off. However, the fine pleat structure of cotton single fibers has a capillary effect that absorbs and diffuses moisture such as sweat, and is essential for improving comfort. On the other hand, although synthetic fibers have extremely smooth surfaces, they have extremely poor oil stain removal properties. This is because synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester are generally lipophilic, and various studies have been carried out to improve the stain removal properties of synthetic fibers. A hydrophilic polymer layer is formed on the fiber surface by a method of applying a hydrophilic polymer to the fiber surface as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-10511, or by graft polymerization as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-10511. Efforts have actually been made to improve stain removal properties. Further, JP-A No. 58-8182 describes that antifouling properties can be imparted to fibers by treatment in low-temperature plasma of oxygen-containing gas. However, these methods simply make the fiber surface hydrophilic, and although they can improve the stain resistance of synthetic fibers, they do not improve the comfort of the synthetic fibers, and they often cause sweating. I have to say that it is unsuitable as a material for work clothes. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides a durable fabric that is comfortable to wear, with less noticeable oil stains, and is particularly suitable for use as work clothes. (Means for solving the problem) (1) A fabric whose surface is composed of a synthetic fiber filament containing 0.5% by weight or more of titanium oxide and whose back surface is made of cellulose fiber, and the surface of the synthetic fiber filament is hydrophilic. A fabric that is hard to see dirt and is characterized by its opaque coating. (2) The surface of a synthetic fiber filament containing 0.5% by weight or more of titanium oxide and the back surface of a fabric made of cellulose fibers are treated in low-temperature plasma generated by glow discharge to make them hydrophilic. A unique method for producing fabric that makes stains less noticeable. The fabric of the present invention is a fabric structure composed of a synthetic fiber filament on the front side and a cellulose fiber on the back side, and for example, if it is a knitted fabric, it is a double-sided flat knitted fabric,
Double-sided circular knitted fabrics, double russels, woven fabrics include warp/width double woven fabrics, vertical double woven fabrics, horizontal double woven fabrics, and satin weaves that have a different feel on the front and back sides. As the synthetic fiber filaments constituting the surface of the fabric, polyester fibers, nylon fibers, acrylic fibers, etc. can be used, and among them, polyester fibers are most preferred in terms of functionality, strength, texture, etc. The cellulose fibers constituting the back side of the fabric include cotton, rayon, cellulose acetate, regenerated cellulose, etc., and blends containing at least 20%, preferably 30% or more, particularly preferably 60% or more of these cellulose fibers. Or it contains a mixed yarn. Although this cellulose fiber is comfortable to wear, oil stains are not easily removed by washing, and stains remain even after washing. The problem with this stain is that it can be seen through the surface of ordinary synthetic fiber filament as a cover. The present invention covers the drawbacks of cellulose fibers by using synthetic fiber filaments that are made opaque, but such means include, for example, applying synthetic resin as a filling material for the woven or knitted structure to make the cells opaque. However, this method has the disadvantage that the whiteness of the surface decreases, resulting in a fabric with dullness, and also leads to a decrease in hand feel, which greatly impairs the feeling of wearing. Furthermore, when such an opaque fabric is subjected to hydrophilic treatment, the hydrophilic performance varies greatly, resulting in the oil stain prevention effect being halved. In the present invention, it is an essential requirement for the synthetic fiber filament to have uniform hydrophilic performance from the viewpoint of oil stain prevention performance, and at the same time, it is also an important requirement for the synthetic fiber filament to have uniform opacity performance as a material for clothing. In order to satisfy these requirements, the present invention actively selects a structure in which the surface of the filament remains smooth and opaque. That is, 0.5% by weight or more of titanium oxide is used as the synthetic fiber filament that makes up the surface of the fabric.
By employing an opacifying filament containing preferably 1% by weight or more, the above object can be satisfactorily achieved. The surface of such synthetic fiber filaments can be made hydrophilic by applying and fixing hydrophilic resin using a conventional resin processing method, but this method does not allow the adhesion of the resin. Since there are disadvantages caused by areas where oil stains tend to adhere, such as unevenness or gaps between the resin and the fiber surface, it is preferable to treat the fiber surface in a low-temperature plasma generated by glow discharge to make the fiber surface hydrophilic. Alternatively, a method of graft polymerizing a hydrophilic radically polymerizable monomer using radicals or peroxide groups on the fiber surface generated in the above-mentioned low-temperature plasma as a starting point to make the fiber surface hydrophilic is an effective method from the viewpoint of uniform hydrophilization. selected. The low-temperature plasma treatment as used in the present invention means exposing the fiber to plasma discharge generated by applying a high voltage. There are various forms of such electric discharge, such as spark discharge, corona discharge, and glow discharge.The form of discharge does not matter as long as it does not damage the fibers, but glow discharge has a uniform discharge and excellent activation effect. Electric discharge is particularly preferred. Glow discharge is generated by applying a high voltage in a gas atmosphere under reduced pressure of 50 torr or less, even 20 torr or less, particularly preferably 0.01 to 10 torr, and the treatment time is selected depending on the type of fiber and processing equipment. However, it is usually from several seconds to several minutes, preferably from about 1 second to 5 minutes. Examples of the gas that provides the activation effect of the present invention include Ar, N ₂ , He, CO ₂ , CO, O ₂ , CF ₄ ,
Examples include H ₂ O, air, etc., but especially gases containing Ar, He, and oxygen atoms, such as CO, CO ₂ , O ₂ ,
Gases such as H ₂ O and air are preferred for improving hydrophilicity. In addition, graft polymerization of hydrophilic monomers using radicals or peroxide groups on the fiber surface generated by the above-mentioned low-temperature plasma treatment as polymerization initiation points can be used to impart hydrophilic monomers to the above-mentioned low-temperature plasma-treated fabric. However, this can be achieved by exposing the fabric after low-temperature plasma treatment to a vapor or solution of a hydrophilic monomer without exposing it to oxygen, or by exposing the fabric to low-temperature plasma treatment with an oxygen-containing gas (e.g., air). Once the radicals generated on the fibers are converted into peroxides, a hydrophilic monomer is applied, and by heating, the peroxides are cleaved and the generated radicals can be used for graft polymerization. can. The hydrophilic monomer used here is one that has at least one radically polymerizable unsaturated group in one molecule and has hydrophilic properties such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a polyalkylene oxide, an amino group, an amide group, and a sulfone group. For example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, polyethylene oxide dimethacrylate, dihydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylic acid amide, vinyl sulfone, vinyl pyrrolidone, etc. It is not limited to. Further, the cellulose fiber arranged on the back side can be made of cotton, rayon, linen, etc., and a mixture of these and synthetic fibers by a method such as blending may also be used. (Example) Example 1 300 denier, 148 filament polyester false twisted yarn was used as the warp yarn and weft yarn, and as the warp yarn, 20 count cotton yarn was used for each of the three polyester false twisted yarns. A vertical double-ply fabric with a 2/2 ridge weave on the front side and 8-ply satin on the back side was prepared so that the polyester processed threads appeared on the front side of the fabric and the cotton threads appeared on the back side, arranged in the same proportion as a book. In preparing this fabric, as polyester false twisted yarn, the titanium oxide content of the raw yarn was 0,
Five types of the above-mentioned fabrics were each woven using five different types of yarn of 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0% by weight, and the following experiments were conducted. These fabrics were scoured and dry heat set according to a conventional method, and the fabrics obtained were subjected to low temperature plasma treatment under the following conditions. [Low temperature plasma treatment conditions] Gas: Ar; 30c.c./min Depressurization degree: 0.6Torr Applied voltage: 3KV Processing speed: 20cm/min The oil stain removability of each fabric was tested, and the results are shown in Table 1. Example 2 76 denier, 36 filament Tetron processed yarn (titanium oxide content: 1%) was used for the warp, and the weft was
It was woven from 5/5 eight-ply satin using 60-count cotton. This fabric was scoured at 98° C. for 30 minutes with 2 g of soda ash and 2 g of nonionic surfactant (bath ratio 1:50), thoroughly washed with water, and dried. Thereafter, the same low-temperature plasma treatment as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 2. For comparison, we also prepared a sample that was not subjected to low-temperature plasma treatment. (Comparative product) Oil stain removability and water absorption were evaluated using the following method. [Oil stain removal ability] Drop 0.05cc of heavy oil A onto the treated fabric, leave it for one day,
Zabu (anionic detergent manufactured by Kao Soap Co., Ltd.), 2
After raising the temperature of the aqueous solution to 40°C, it was loaded into a domestic washing machine together with the sample and washed for 5 minutes. Thereafter, it was washed with water for 2 minutes and dried. The evaluation was based on the contamination gray scale for color fastness test specified in JISL-0805. [Water Absorption] Test Procedure Take two test pieces of approximately 15 cm x approximately 15 cm. Fix the test piece in a frame or beaker with a diameter of 10 cm or more with the front facing down (Note ¹ ) to avoid applying excessive tension, and place the test piece so that the surface is horizontal. A syringe needle (Note ³ ) adjusted to drip distilled water (room temperature) one drop (Note ² ) at a time (syringe capacity 1
cc), fix it in the holder so that its tip is 5 cm away from the surface of the test piece placed horizontally (Note ⁴ ). Measure the water absorption time from the time one drop of water is placed on the test piece until the time when the water drop on the test piece no longer exhibits special reflection (read to the nearest 0.1 second).Measure the water absorption time at any three locations in the same way. The water absorption time (seconds) determined above is expressed as the average value of the two sheets (to one decimal place). Note 1: Fix water-absorbing products with the water-absorbing surface facing up. 2 Approximately 0.005cc. 3 The injection needle is TERUMO 26G1/2 0.45×13mm
be used as a general rule. 4 Fix the test piece so that the water droplets fall perpendicular to its surface.

【table】

【table】

[Table] As a result, only within the scope of the present invention, where yarns constituting the surface of the fabric were made of yarn containing 0.5% by weight or more of titanium oxide, and the surface of the fabric was made hydrophilic by low-temperature plasma treatment, 3. It was found that oil stain removal performance of -4 grade or higher was obtained, and stains were hardly noticeable when viewed from the surface of the cloth. Furthermore, the oil stain removability of the surface of these fabrics was all below grade 2-3, proving the effect of making the threads constituting the surface of the fabric opaque and making it difficult to see the stains on the back side from the surface. In addition, it is thought that due to the increased water absorption performance of the surface, moisture on the back surface is likely to come out and be easily diffused. (Effects of the Invention) The present invention provides a clothing material, particularly a material for work clothing, which is comfortable to wear, has less noticeable oil stains, and is durable.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fabric whose surface is composed of a synthetic fiber filament containing 0.5% by weight or more of titanium oxide and whose back surface is made of cellulose fiber, wherein the surface of the synthetic fiber filament is made hydrophilic. Features a fabric that makes stains less noticeable. 2 The surface of the fabric is made of a synthetic fiber filament containing 0.5% by weight or more of titanium oxide and the back side is made of cellulose fibers, and the surface of the fabric is made hydrophilic by being treated in low-temperature plasma generated by glow discharge. A method for manufacturing fabric that makes stains less noticeable.