JPH0529073Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] <Industrial application field> The present invention involves putting gas, liquid, solid, etc. inside, heating it or reducing the pressure, and applying chemical or
It relates to a reaction device used to cause a physical reaction.

<Prior art> There is a scouring method in which metals such as titanium and zirconium are reduced by the Kroll method and impurities are removed under reduced pressure. There is a device described in the -210128 publication. The reaction vessel used as a reduction evaporation chamber or a condensation chamber in such an apparatus is
It is itself heated to very high temperatures, cooled, and repeatedly depressurized. Therefore, it is desired that the reactor used has sufficient durability against these temperature and pressure changes.

Examples of conventional reactors used for such applications are shown in FIGS. 3A, B, C, and D. FIG. 3A shows a reaction apparatus also disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 58-210128, in which a lid part 2 configured as a double lid is fitted into the upper opening of a container part 1, and a raw material or A cylindrical body 3 for taking in and out by-products and unreacted reducing agent is installed in a penetrating manner. FIG. 3B shows an enlarged view of the lid portion 2 of FIG. 3A. This lid part 2 consists of a horizontal upper wall part 2a and a lower wall part 2b, and a vertical side wall part 2c, with the lower wall part 2b abutting against the lower end side wall of the cylinder 3, The upper wall portion 2a is also welded to the side wall of the cylindrical body 3 by fillet welding. Moreover, the example shown in FIG. 3C shows an example of the lid part 2 in which the lower wall part 2b is formed into a conical shape, and other than that, the structure is the same as that in the case of FIG. 3A. Further, the example shown in FIG. 3D shows an example of a lid portion in which the lower wall portion 2b is formed in a shape that bulges upward, and other than that, the structure is the same as that in the case of FIG. 3A.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, in the above-mentioned conventional reactor, in an environment where heating and cooling to high temperatures and depressurization are repeated, the problem shown by the symbol X in FIG. Particularly, the abutting part between the lower end of the cylinder 3 and the lower wall part 2b and the abutting joint of the upper wall part 2a to the cylinder 3, indicated by the symbol Y, have the disadvantage that they are easily deformed or cracked due to the addition of their own weight, etc. It was hot. Furthermore, in cases such as those shown in FIGS. 3A, B, C, and D where the lower end portion 2b itself does not have a bulging shape as shown in FIG. 3D, the lower wall portion 2b is easily deformed, resulting in poor durability. There were some shortcomings.

<Purpose> Therefore, the present invention solves the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional technology,
The object of the present invention is to provide a reactor having sufficient durability against repeated heating and cooling to high temperatures and pressure reduction, even if the reactor has a lid with a cylinder passing through the center.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention consists of a container portion capable of containing gas, liquid, and solid inside, and a lid consisting of an upper wall portion, a lower wall portion, and a side wall portion. A reaction device comprising a lid part that is fitted into the upper end opening of the container part to seal the inside, the lid part having a cylinder inserted through the center thereof for taking in and out the contents in the container part, and The basic feature is that the lower part of the cylindrical body is expanded into a tapered shape, and the lower end thereof is continuously joined to the central opening of the lower wall portion with a smooth curve. Further, this aspect is characterized in that the upper wall of the lid part is joined to the cylinder by curving the periphery of the central opening through which the cylinder passes, so as to be overlapped along the cylinder. Further, the lower wall portion is characterized by having a conical shape or a curved surface that bulges upward or downward.

<Function> The lower part of the cylindrical body that passes through the center of the lid part is expanded into a tapered shape, and its lower end is continuously joined to the central opening of the lower wall part of the lid with a smooth curve.
It is possible to prevent deformation and cracking in the parts that are most susceptible to deformation due to repeated heating and repeated depressurization over a long period of time, making it durable.
In addition, if the periphery of the central opening in the upper wall of the lid through which the cylinder passes is curved and joined to the cylinder by stacking them in a shape that follows the cylinder, deformation and cracking are also likely to occur. The joint between the upper wall and the cylindrical body can be strengthened, and durability can be improved. Further, by forming the lower wall portion with an upwardly bulging curved surface, the lower wall portion is strengthened against repeated heating and pressure fluctuations, and the durability of the reactor can be improved.

<Example> FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an example in which the reaction device of the present invention is used in a metal scouring device, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the lid. The refining of titanium using the Kroll method will be explained. A pair of reaction vessels 10, 10 are arranged in communication with each other through a communication tube 40. The reaction vessel 10 on the left side of the drawing is housed in a heating furnace 50. In addition, the reaction vessel 10 on the right side of the drawing has a water cooling jacket 6.
It is stored in 0. The reaction vessels 10, 10 are composed of container parts 20, 20 and lid parts 30, 30 fitted into the upper end openings thereof, and the lid parts 30, 30 are provided with cylinders 70, 70 passing through the center thereof, The cylinders 70, 70 are connected to the communication pipe 40 at their upper ends. 41, 41 are cutoff valves of the cylindrical bodies 70, 70. The left cylindrical body 70 is provided with an inlet 71 for titanium chloride. Further, both containers 10, 10 are provided with exhaust ports 21, 21.

The lid portion 30 of each reaction container 10 has an upper wall portion 31
It is constructed as a double lid consisting of a lower wall part 32 and a side wall part 33, and also has a decompression port 34 for decompressing the space inside the lid part 30. The upper wall portion 31 is configured horizontally, and a central opening periphery 31a through which the cylinder 70 passes is curved to follow the cylinder 70. The central opening periphery 31a overlapped along the cylindrical body 70 in this way
0 is joined by fillet welding. In this case, if the center opening periphery 31a is further joined to another cylinder 35 circumscribing the cylinder 70 and then joined to the cylinder 70, the distance along the cylinder 70 becomes longer and the bond strength increases. further improves. The lower wall portion 32 of the lid portion 30 has a shape that bulges upward as a whole, and has a central opening periphery 32 that abuts against the lower end of the cylindrical body 70.
a is appropriately curved. and the cylinder body 70
The lower portion 72 of the tube is expanded into a tapered shape, and its lower end is butt-jointed with the peripheral edge 32a of the lower wall portion 32 with a smooth curve. Of course, the cross-sectional shape from the cylindrical body 70 to the lower wall portion 32 is not limited to the shape actually shown in FIGS. It is sufficient that the portions 32 are joined so as to be smoothly continuous with one inflection point. The outer edge 32b of the lower wall portion 32 is also appropriately curved and smoothly joined to the side wall portion 33. Furthermore, although the lower wall portion 32 is conical in this embodiment,
This may have an upwardly or downwardly bulging shape as long as it is continuously joined with a smooth curve.
Note that the joining is performed by welding in this embodiment. 8
0 is a heat-retaining heater that keeps the communication pipe 40 and the cylindrical body 70 warm.

The procedure for refining titanium using the apparatus shown in Figure 1 will be described. First, both reaction vessels 10, 10 are closed by shutoff valve 41.
Magnesium is kept molten in the reaction vessel 10 on the left side, which is shut off from the outside air, and then titanium tetrachloride is supplied from the inlet 71 to perform a reduction reaction. Next, the reaction vessel 10 on the left side is heated to about 1000°C and the pressure is reduced to, for example, 10 ^-2 torr. At this time, the pressure of the reaction vessel 10 on the right side is also reduced, and water is circulated within the jacket 60 to cool the reaction vessel 10. In addition, the internal space of the lids 30, 30 is also depressurized and maintained at a pressure intermediate between the outside air and the pressure inside the reaction vessels 10, 10. By doing this, the lid part 3
The durability against deformation and cracking of 0.0 and 30 can be improved. The magnesium and magnesium chloride vaporized in the reaction vessel 10 on the left are then introduced into the reaction vessel 10 on the right by opening the cutoff valves 41, 41. At this time, the heat retaining heater 80 prevents the gas from being cooled midway. The gas that has entered the reaction vessel 1 on the right side is condensed by cooling, and magnesium and magnesium chloride are recovered.

<Operation example> Using the apparatus shown in Figure 1, the diameter of the reaction vessel is
1800 mm, the reduction reaction time for titanium tetrachloride is 80 hours, the time for volatile separation of impurities such as magnesium and magnesium chloride in the obtained titanium is 80 hours, and the time for cooling the entire device to room temperature is set every 80 hours. , 10 tons of titanium produced was extracted. Then, the central opening periphery 31a of the upper wall 31 of the lid 30 is curved with a curvature of 30 mm to have a diameter of 100 mm.
along the cylindrical body 70 so as to be in contact with the cylindrical body 70
The cylinder body 7 is joined to the other cylinder body 35 circumscribing the cylinder body
Welded to 0. In addition, the lower part of the cylinder body 70 is placed at an angle of 70 degrees.
The tube was expanded at a degree and connected to the lower wall portion 32, which is an upwardly bulging end plate with a curvature of 2000 mm, with a smooth curve. Conventionally, the pressure inside the reaction vessel was reduced to 10 ^-2
The pressure was reduced to about torr, and the lid part was kept at the same atmospheric pressure as the outside without being reduced in pressure.In contrast, in this operation, the inside of the container was set at 10 ^-2 torr, and the inside of the lid was set at 20 to 50 torr.

As a result, conventional reactors cannot perform the above cycle.
After repeating this process about 20 times, the lid and the joint between the lid and the cylindrical body became deformed and cracked, making it unusable.
In the above operation using the reactor of the present invention, no deformation or cracking occurred even after 100 cycles.

<Effects> The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and the lower part of the cylindrical body that passes through the center of the lid of the reactor is expanded in a tapered shape, and its lower end is continuous with the central opening of the lower wall of the lid in a smooth curve. Because they are joined together, the joint between the cylindrical body and the lower wall of the lid, which is most susceptible to deformation due to repeated heating and repeated depressurization, is prevented from deforming or cracking over a long period of time, and is durable. It can be done. Therefore, the life of the reactor can be extended accordingly. Furthermore, if the periphery of the central opening of the upper wall of the lid is curved and the cylinders are overlapped in a shape along the cylinder and the cylinders are joined, it is likely to be susceptible to deformation and cracking due to repeated heating and repeated depressurization. Deformation and cracking of the joint between the cylinder and the upper wall of the lid portion can be reduced, and the life of the reactor can be extended. In addition to these configurations, if the lower wall portion has an upwardly bulging curved surface, the durability of the lower wall portion against deformation etc. can be improved, leading to an extension of the lifespan of the reactor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an example in which the reactor of the present invention is used in a metal scouring device, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the lid, and Fig. 3 A, B, C, and D are respectively of the conventional technology. It is an explanatory diagram. 10... Reaction container, 20... Container part, 30...
Lid part, 31... Upper wall part, 32... Lower wall part, 33...
...Side wall portion, 40...Communication pipe, 70...Cylinder body.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) Consisting of a container portion capable of containing gas, liquid, or solid inside, and a lid consisting of an upper wall portion, a lower wall portion, and a side wall portion, the container portion The reactor includes a lid part that is fitted into an upper end opening to seal the inside, and the lid part has a cylindrical body passing through the center thereof for taking in and out contents in the container part, and the lid part has a cylindrical body passing through the center of the lid part for taking in and out contents in the container part. 1. A reaction device characterized in that the lower part of the body is expanded into a tapered shape, and the lower end thereof is continuously connected to the central opening of the lower wall portion with a smooth curve. (2) Utility model registration claim 1, in which the upper wall of the lid part is joined to the cylinder by curving the periphery of the central opening through which the cylinder passes, overlapping the cylinder in a shape along the cylinder. Reactor as described. (3) The reaction device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower wall portion has a conical shape or a curved surface bulging upward or downward.