JPH05311983A - Construction method and device of a slant tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a method and an apparatus for constructing a slant tunnel which enables efficient and safe excavation of a slant tunnel while preventing the shield machine from slipping down. [Structure] The shield machine S is constructed such that the shaft wall of an inclined tunnel T excavated by a cutter device 10 or the like at the tip of the shield machine S is covered with a form 40 at a predetermined interval, and a propulsive reaction force is taken from the form 40. While digging, the lining material is supplied between the formwork 40 and the pit wall to lining the pit wall.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for constructing an inclined tunnel suitable for use in constructing an inclined tunnel for a hydraulic tunnel for power generation and an inclined tunnel for ventilation of a road tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, two methods have been known as a method of using a tunnel excavator for excavating an inclined shaft of this type.

[0003] One is an example used for excavating a penstock tunnel of a pumped storage power plant. As shown in Fig. 7, a tunnel excavator (pilot machine) 1 excavates a pilot pit 2 (cuts up). A method for forming a reaming pit 4 by expanding an already dug pilot pit 2 with a tunnel excavator (reaming machine) 3. The tunnel excavator 1 used in this method is configured to crush the rock mass by rotating the boring head 5 at the tip, generate pressing force with the thrust jack, and transmit the reaction force to the mine wall via the main gripper. Has been done. In addition, when excavating, it is sprayed as needed, the mine wall is protected by a protective means such as a wire mesh and a lock bolt, and the excavation reaction force and the sliding force of the tunnel excavator are supported by the main gripper.

Another construction method is also used for excavating the penstock tunnel of a pumped storage power plant, and as shown in FIG. 8, a pilot pit is excavated by a shield machine (pilot machine) 6 (cut up). ), It is a method of expanding (cutting down) the existing pilot pit by the blasting method. The shield machine 6 used in this construction method has the same basic excavation function as the tunnel excavation machine of the construction method described above, but the excavation reaction force and the sliding force of the shield machine 6 are constantly prevented from sliding down the shield jack at the rear of the machine body. It is adapted to be pressed against the steel material 7 and further supported by combining the segment 8 and the lock bolt 9.

[0005]

However, the following problems have been pointed out in the above conventional construction method.

The problems common to both methods are: (1) In the pilot pit, spraying is carried out for the purpose of preventing the excavator from slipping down and the pit wall is protected, and the rear work such as the lock bolt is performed, but the work is performed at a steep slope. Therefore, the work itself is dangerous. Moreover, there is a risk of inducing skin loss. (2) During reaming, steel supports and rock bolts and other supporting materials reinforced at the pilot pit must be removed. This removal work is extremely dangerous and wasteful. (3) Excavation in the pilot pit and reaming pit has two steps, which tends to lengthen the construction period. (3) The work environment is poor because spraying work is always involved.

As a problem peculiar to the former construction method, a total of two additional tunnel excavators for the pilot pit and the reaming pit are required, which is relatively expensive.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a method and an apparatus for constructing an inclined tunnel capable of efficiently and safely excavating an inclined tunnel while preventing the shield machine from sliding down. With the goal.

[0009]

A method of constructing a slant tunnel according to the present invention is a method of covering a pit wall of a slant tunnel excavated by a cutter device or the like at a tip of a shield machine with a mold at a predetermined interval, The lining material is supplied between the formwork and the pit wall while the shield machine is being dug in such a way that the propulsion reaction force is taken from the pit, and the pit wall is lined.

An apparatus for constructing an inclined tunnel according to the present invention comprises an excavator body for obliquely excavating the ground with a cutter device at the tip,
The excavated oblique tunnel tunnel wall is covered with a form at a predetermined interval, a lining material is supplied between the form frame and the pit wall, and a lining device for lining the pit wall is provided. Configuration,
The excavator main body is configured to take its propulsive reaction force from the formwork.

[0011]

According to the present invention, the propulsive reaction force of the shield machine is taken by the lining formwork at the time of steep upslope, so that the lining formwork also plays a role of preventing the shield machine from sliding down. Fulfill

Further, even when a bad ground is encountered, it is possible to excavate the bad ground by taking a propulsive reaction force from the lining formwork.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows the vicinity of the face of a slope tunnel under construction according to the present invention. In the figure, the symbol S is a shield machine. The shield machine S includes a shield machine main body S1 for excavating a slant shaft T by a cutter device 10 provided at the top and a shaft wall of the slant shaft T formed behind the shield machine main body S1 with a predetermined space between them. And a lining material is supplied between the formwork and the pit wall to construct a lining wall W on the inner surface of the tunnel.

The shield machine main body S1 includes a cylindrical skin plate 11 forming an outer shell, a cutter device 10 provided at a front end portion of the skin plate 11 and rotated by driving means to excavate the natural ground, and a skin. It has a basic structure in which a partition plate 11a formed inside the plate 11 and a front propulsion jack 12 whose base end is connected are installed. The propulsion reaction force of the shield machine main body S1 is supported by fixing the tip of the rear propulsion jack 12a to the lining form 20, and at the same time, the propulsion reaction force of the shield machine main body S1 is located behind the cutter device 10. It is supported by the gripper 13. As shown in FIG. 4, the gripper 13 transmits a reaction force to the pit wall by pressing the shoe 15 against the pit wall by the gripper jack 14.

As shown in FIG. 2, the tail portion of the skin plate 11 has an outer cylinder 20 having the same diameter as the skin plate 11.
And an inner cylinder 21 having a smaller diameter than the outer cylinder 20. A plurality of concrete piston chambers 22 are provided between the outer cylinder 20 and the inner cylinder 21, and the pushing pistons 23 of the lining device S2 are slidably accommodated in the respective chambers 22. The pushing piston 23 is configured such that the base end thereof slides back and forth by a pressure holding jack 24 attached to the partition plate 11a.

The lining device S2 has a cylindrical guide shaft 30 whose tip is connected to the partition plate 11a and which is disposed at the center of the tunnel by a rear support 33 as shown in FIG. 5, and which slides on the outer surface of this guide shaft 30. Movably attached,
A formwork attachment / detachment device 31 that moves in the inclined shaft T along the outer surface,
A concrete supply pipe 32 for supplying concrete to the concrete piston chamber 22 from an opening at the tip of the pushing piston 23 is provided.

The guide shaft 30 serves as a running guide for the mold removing / attaching device 31, and the internal passage 37 is used for discharging excavation waste, for piping such as power cables and concrete placing pipes, and for working passages for workers. A work scaffold 34 is supported that is used and holds the horizontal work of the worker. Further, the form attaching / detaching device 31 is provided with a plurality of arms 35 in the circumferential direction of the guide shaft 30 so that the covering form 40 for one ring can be assembled at one time by the tail portion of the skin plate, and the covering material can be used. The backing mold 40 at the rear end after being cured is removed and moved to the front.
The assembly is repeated. In addition, when the rear cover lining form 40 is removed, concrete shavings adhere to the lining form 40.
I try to scrape it by 6.

Behind such a shield machine S, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, a succeeding trolley 50 for operation control, power equipment, concrete transportation, etc., which moves on a rail 51 laid in the inclined shaft T. Further, a freight car (people car) 60 is pulled up to the side of the bogie to transport people and materials from the work base at the bottom of the mine to the work site of the inclined shaft T.

Next, a case where the present invention is carried out by using the shield machine S having the above-described structure will be described.

FIG. 1 described above shows a state in which the shield machine S advances in digging and lining. The method of excavating the shield machine S is basically such that, when the slant shaft is cut up, the cutter 40 at the front end of the skin plate 11 is assembled while the mold 40 is assembled inside the inner cylinder 21 using the mold detaching device 31. The ground is excavated by using the gripper 13, and the reaction force is taken from the pit wall through the gripper 13, while the reaction force is taken by the formwork 40.
Means to drive 2 are taken. In addition, the cutter device 1
The shear excavated by 0 is discharged rearward through the passage in the guide shaft 30 by the shear chute 39, and is discharged through the shear discharge path 52 to the bottom of the mine and further to the ground.

Further, along with the excavation, the pressure holding jack 24
Is constantly operated to keep the concrete pressure generated by the action of the extrusion piston 23 higher than the ground pressure, and the concrete as the lining material is supplied from the supply pipe 32 through the casting pipe 38 to the pit from the filling hole of the extrusion piston 23. Fill between the wall and the form 40. If the push-out piston 23 is positioned on the tail side of the shield machine S as the shield machine S advances, the push-out piston 23 is moved forward and the concrete is pushed from the casting pipe 38 to the concrete piston with a pressure larger than that of the pressure holding jack 24. Fill chamber 22. The pressing force of the pressure holding jack 24 is pushed out by stopping the supply of the concrete, and the piston 2 is pushed out.
3, the push-out piston 23 moves forward as the shield machine S advances. By repeating such a process, as the shield machine S is dug, the pit wall is sequentially covered with cast-in-place concrete.
In addition, the formwork 40 is the last formwork 4 after the concrete is hardened.
After 0 is subjected to the spasm treatment by the form cramping device 36, it is sent to the front by the form removing / attaching device 31 and is diverted as the form 40.

According to the present embodiment, the shield machine S not only takes the propulsive reaction force from the mine wall via the gripper 13 at the time of steep uphill, but also from the form 40. The formwork 40 also functions as a slipping prevention device for the shield machine S. Therefore, even if a bad ground is encountered and the propulsive reaction force of the shield machine S cannot be removed from the pit wall via the gripper 13, the propulsive reaction force of the shield machine S can be changed to the form 4
By taking from 0, it is possible to dig up such a bad ground.

Further, since the lining is advanced in parallel with the excavation, it is not necessary to protect the pit wall by spraying, rock bolts, steel supports and segments. Therefore, there is no danger associated with the above work when the steep slope is turned up. Further, since the work of carrying in and assembling the segments is eliminated, there is no fear that the segment pieces or the bolts and nuts will fall.

Since the tail portion of the shield machine S and the form 40 are constantly wrapped, the excavation and lining work can be performed with the ground being completely sealed. Therefore, the risk of accident such as skin drop on the pit wall is extremely reduced.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained. (1) Since the propulsive reaction force of the shield machine is taken by the formwork for lining, it is possible to exert the effect of preventing the shield machine from slipping down when excavating the inclined shaft, especially when steeply rising. No special equipment is required to prevent slipping. Also,
Even when a bad ground is encountered, a sufficient propulsion reaction force can be obtained by the formwork, so that the bad ground can be excavated. (2) Spraying to excavate the inclined shaft and lining in parallel,
There is no need to perform rearward work such as lock bolts, and there is no danger associated with work. In addition, the work environment inside the mine is improved by eliminating the spraying work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and is a side cross-sectional view of an oblique tunnel that shows a normal state where a shield machine is obliquely excavating the natural ground.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a main part of the shield machine.

FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of an inclined tunnel showing the shield machine and its succeeding carriage.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

6 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of a slant tunnel showing a conventional construction method.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a shield machine showing another conventional construction method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Cutter device 12 Propulsion jack 13 Gripper 40 Form S S Shield machine S1 Shield machine body S2 Lining device.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Ao Takebayashi 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshiaki Negami 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Taisuke Fujise 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Hara 3-1-1 Ueno, Hirakata-shi, Osaka Komatsu Ltd. (72) Yoshito Minami, 3-1-1 Ueno, Hirakata-shi, Osaka, Komatsu Ltd. (72) Inventor, Misao Kajiwara 3-1-1, Ueno, Hirakata-shi, Osaka Komatsu Ltd. (72) ) Inventor Toshihiro Yamazaki 3-1-1 Ueno, Hirakata, Osaka Prefecture Komatsu Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A shield machine is excavated in such a manner that a wall of a tunnel tunnel excavated by a cutter device or the like at the tip of the shield machine is covered with a form at a predetermined interval, and a propulsive reaction force is taken from the form. A method for constructing a slant tunnel, comprising supplying a lining material between a formwork and a pit wall to lining the pit wall. 2. An excavator main body for obliquely excavating the ground with a cutter device at the tip, and a tunnel wall of the excavated oblique tunnel covered with a form at a predetermined interval. And a lining device for supplying a lining material between the mine wall and the mine wall, and the excavator main body is configured to take its propulsive reaction force from the formwork. Tunnel construction equipment.