JPH05317414A - Body fluid treatment circuit with bypass channel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To change a humor treating apparatus without halting treatment by a method wherein at least one inflow port side of a humor treating apparatus is branched off and a passage on the branched side is connected directly to the outflow port side of the humor treating apparatus to form a bypass passage. CONSTITUTION:In normal treatment, a bypassing passage 11 is pinched with forceps or the like to close. Under such a condition, when a blood pump is driven, blood is sucked up from a human body through a passage of a blood pump mounting part 10 and flows through a circuit. By so doing, undesired matters in blood is removed with a blood component adsorbing device and the undesired matters caused by renal insufficiency, drug intoxication or the like is dialyzed or removed with a blood dialyzer. Normalized blood after the removal of the undesired matters by the dialysis and filtration is returned into a human body with a blood return port 2. When the blood component adsorbing device gets saturated with the continuation of the application, a closing is made before and after the blood component adsorbing device with forceps so as to make a bypass 11 communicate. This constitution lets the blood sampled flows direct into the blood dialyzer through the bypassing passage 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a body fluid treatment circuit using extracorporeal circulation, in which a plurality of body fluid treatment devices can be used simultaneously.
The present invention relates to a technique capable of bypassing at least one body fluid treatment device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recent advances in blood purification methods using extracorporeal circulation are remarkable. Above all, the development of hemodialysis technology is remarkable, which is a great gospel for patients with impaired renal function. In addition, hemodialysis is carried out in order to rapidly remove the drug from the blood even during drug poisoning such as accidental ingestion of agricultural chemicals or excessive intake of sleeping pills. On the other hand, attempts have been made for a long time to remove unnecessary substances in blood by the adsorption method, and application to liver failure and the like in addition to the above-mentioned renal failure and drug poisoning has been performed.

However, in the case of hemodialysis, the fact that complications such as dialysis amyloidosis have appeared due to the accumulation of small and medium molecular weight proteins, which should be called the limit of dialysis, as the dialysis period increases. Therefore, attempts have been made to remove substances that cannot be removed only by hemodialysis by another blood purification method, for example, a combination with an adsorption method, or a combination of an adsorption method to shorten the dialysis time. In addition, in the case of drug poisoning, a blood component adsorber for a drug filled with activated carbon, an ion exchange resin, or the like may be used together with the hemodialysis. That is, a plurality of body fluid treatment devices are used when there are many types of substances to be removed from blood or when it is desired to remove the substances in a short time.

[0004]

As described above, when a plurality of body fluid treatment devices are used, for example, when a hemodialyzer and an adsorber for blood components are connected in series, the blood component adsorber is used. In some cases, blood coagulation or coagulation occurs, or blood cell components accumulate, making it difficult to pass blood. In such a case, it is necessary to inject a physiological saline solution into the blood component adsorber to wash the inside of the blood component adsorber, or replace the blood component adsorber, and the like, and the treatment efficiency is impaired. was there. In the worst case, treatment had to be stopped. In particular, when it is necessary to perform regular treatment such as dialysis treatment, it is necessary to avoid interrupting the treatment due to a trouble of another body fluid treatment device connected in series.

Further, when it is desired to replace the blood component adsorber and continue the treatment even after the adsorption capacity of the blood component adsorber reaches saturation, it is difficult to continue the treatment without interrupting the hemodialysis. In this case, the blood flow is stopped and replaced, but there is a problem that the risk of causing blood clotting due to the stop of the blood flow is further increased.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made by improving the prior art in view of the above-mentioned problems. Even in the case of trouble, the treatment is performed by bypassing the body fluid treatment device in which blood coagulation or coagulation has occurred. It is intended to provide a body fluid treatment circuit that can continue. Thus, the means adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems are a plurality of sets of body fluid treatment devices having a body fluid inflow port and a body fluid outlet and capable of using a plurality of body fluid treatment devices. In a body fluid treatment circuit for extracorporeal circulation treatment, which has a portion connectable to an inlet and an outlet of
A bypass flow path, characterized in that the inlet side of at least one body fluid treatment device is branched, and the flow path on the branched side is directly connected to the outlet side of the body fluid treatment device to form a bypass flow passage. It is a body fluid treatment circuit provided with.

[0007]

In the body fluid treatment circuit of the present invention, since the flow passage that bypasses at least one body fluid treatment device is formed, the bypass passage is closed during normal treatment, and the body fluid treatment device is saturated. Or when it becomes difficult to pass blood such as blood clots or coagulation in the body fluid treatment device, the bypass flow path is opened to bypass the body fluid treatment device, and the other body fluid treatment device is passed through the body fluid treatment device. The treatment may be continued, or the body fluid treatment device in which the problem has occurred may be replaced.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. The body fluid in the present invention refers to blood, plasma, serum and blood cell components.
The body fluid treatment device is, for example, a hemodialyzer,
Hemofiltration dialyzers, hemofilters, adsorbers for blood or plasma components filled with adsorbents such as activated carbon and ion exchange resins, blood cell removal filters, artificial lungs, plasma separators, plasma component separators, etc. . Furthermore, a plurality refers to two or more, and the combination may be the same type of body fluid treatment device or any two or more types of body fluid treatment device.

1 to 3 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram in a state where a body fluid treatment device is not attached, and FIG. 2 is a state in which a body fluid treatment device is attached. circuit diagram,
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram at the time of bypass. As shown in the figure,
In the body fluid treatment circuit of the first embodiment, the blood collected from the blood inflow port (blood collection port) 1 is subjected to a predetermined treatment operation and returned to the human body from the blood outflow port (blood return port) 2. . Connection parts 5a, 5b and 6a, 6b for connecting the blood component adsorber 3 and the hemodialyzer 4 in series are provided in the middle of the circuit. The connecting portion 5a is a connecting portion to the inlet side of the blood component adsorbing device 3, and the connecting portion 5b is a blood component adsorbing device 3
Is a connection part to the outlet side of the. The connecting portion 6a is a connecting portion to the inlet side of the hemodialyzer 4, and the connecting portion 6b is a connecting portion to the outlet side of the hemodialyzer 4.

Thus, gas and liquid are separated between the upstream and downstream sides of the blood component adsorber 3 and the downstream side of the hemodialyzer 4 to prevent air from being mixed into blood. A gas trap 7 is provided for each. An anticoagulant injection line 8, an infusion line 9 and a blood pump mounting portion 10 are provided immediately downstream of the blood collection port 1.

What is important in this embodiment is that the circuit on the inlet side of the blood component adsorber 3 is branched to connect the outlet side of the blood component adsorber 3 and the inlet side of the hemodialyzer 4. That is, the flow path 11 is provided that is connected to and communicates with the blood component adsorber 3 by-pass. The bypass flow passage 11 may be formed integrally with the circuit body, or may be of a type in which the bypass flow passage 11 is connected to the circuit body later.

Next, a usage mode of the body fluid treatment circuit configured as described above will be described. First, when performing a normal treatment, the bypass channel 11 is sandwiched by the forceps 12 or the like and closed. Then, when the blood pump is driven in this state, the flow path of the blood pump mounting portion 10 is handled, blood is sucked from the human body and flows in the circuit. As a result, unnecessary substances in blood are removed by the blood component adsorber 3, and unnecessary substances caused by renal failure, drug poisoning, etc. are dialyzed or filtered to be removed by the hemodialyzer 4. Normal blood from which these unwanted substances have been removed by dialysis or filtration is
It is returned to the body from the blood return port 2.

When the blood component adsorber 3 reaches a saturated state or when blood clots occur in the blood component adsorber 3 in such a use state, the blood component adsorber 3 is used. Need to be replaced. In this embodiment, the bypass passage 11 shown in FIG. 2 is switched from being closed by the forceps 12 to be closed by the forceps 12, 12 in front of and behind the blood component adsorber 3 as shown in FIG. , The bypass flow path 11 is put into communication. As a result, the collected blood does not pass through the blood component adsorber 3 and directly flows into the hemodialyzer 4 through the bypass passage 11. Then, the unnecessary components are removed here by dialysis or filtration and returned to the body through the blood return port 2.

Therefore, in the blood circuit in the state shown in FIG. 3, the blood component adsorbing device 3 is bypassed and blood flows, so that the blood component adsorbing device 3 can be replaced with a new one without stopping the treatment. Is possible. After the replacement of the blood component adsorber 3 is completed, as shown in FIG. 2, the bypass flow path 11 may be closed to allow blood to flow through the blood component adsorber 3 and the dialyzer 4.

FIGS. 4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention in which three-way switching valves 13 and 14 are arranged at the branch connection portion of the bypass passage 11 of the first embodiment. . In this embodiment, the flow paths are switched as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 by using the three-way switching valves 13 and 14. Figure 5
The state shown in (1) shows the case where the collected blood is allowed to pass through the blood component adsorber 3 and the hemodialyzer 4, and the unnecessary components are removed by adsorption or dialysis or filtration. . The state shown in FIG. 6 shows a case where the blood component adsorber 3 is bypassed and the blood component adsorber 3 is replaced while removing unnecessary components by dialysis or filtration with the hemodialyzer 4. There is. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as in the case of the first embodiment.

7 to 9 relate to the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the order of the blood component adsorber 3 and the hemodialyzer 4 is reversed, and the hemodialyzer 4 is connected in series so as to be located on the upstream side. In this embodiment, in the middle of the passage connecting the outlet side connecting portion 6b of the hemodialyzer 4 and the inlet side connecting portion 5a of the blood component adsorber 3,
The bypass flow path 15 is provided by connecting to the middle of the passage on the downstream side of the outlet-side connecting portion 5b of the blood component adsorber 3.

In the usual treatment, as shown in FIG. 8, the bypass channel 15 is clamped and clamped by the forceps 12 so that the collected blood continuously passes through the dialyzer 4 and the blood component adsorber 3. You can do it. When the blood component adsorber 3 needs to be replaced because it becomes saturated, as shown in FIG. 9, the forceps 12 closes the bypass channel 15 and the front and rear of the blood component adsorber 3, respectively. The blood from which unnecessary components have been removed by the dialyzer 4 is allowed to circulate through the blood return port 2 into the body as it is, and the blood component adsorber 3 is replaced with a new one during that time. Other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first and second embodiments,
The description here is omitted.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the bypass passage 11 of the first and second embodiments and the bypass passage 15 of the third embodiment are provided side by side so that the blood component adsorber 3 and the hemodialyzer 4 can be bypassed, respectively. It has a circuit configuration.

As shown in FIG. 11, the usual treatment is performed by closing the bypass channels 11 and 12 with forceps 12 so that blood passes through both the blood component adsorber 3 and the dialyzer 4. When the blood component adsorber 3 is saturated from such a state, as shown in FIG. 12, blood is allowed to flow from the bypass channel 11 to the dialyzer 4, and the blood component adsorber 3 is placed between them. Just replace it. When the dialyzer 4 becomes saturated from the state shown in FIG. 11,
The bypass flow passage 11 remains closed and the bypass flow passage 15
Is opened (not shown), and the blood after exiting the blood component adsorber 3 may be returned directly to the body from the blood return port 2.

By the way, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and the material of the members constituting the body fluid treatment circuit can be used without any special limitation as long as it is used in a general blood circuit. It is possible. The switching of the bypass flow passage can be performed by using forceps, clamps or the like each time, but the three-way switching valve is more convenient in view of the ease of operation and the number of necessary instruments.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since a flow path that bypasses at least one body fluid treatment device is formed, it is possible to use the bypass flow passage in a closed state during normal treatment and perform each body fluid treatment in a plurality of body fluid treatment devices. is there. Then, when the body fluid treatment device becomes saturated, or when blood flow such as coagulation or coagulation becomes difficult in the body fluid treatment device, the bypass flow path is opened to bypass the body fluid treatment device, It is possible to replace the bodily fluid treatment device in which the problem has occurred while passing the bodily fluid treatment device and continuing the prescribed treatment. Therefore, the fluid treatment device can be replaced without interrupting or stopping the treatment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a body fluid treatment circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a normal treatment time in the body fluid treatment circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a drawing showing a bypass time in the body fluid treatment circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a body fluid treatment circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a normal treatment time in the body fluid treatment circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a bypass time in the body fluid treatment circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a drawing showing a body fluid treatment circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a normal treatment time in the body fluid treatment circuit according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a drawing showing a bypass time in the body fluid treatment circuit according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a drawing showing a body fluid treatment circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a normal treatment time in the body fluid treatment circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a drawing showing a bypass state of the body fluid treatment circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Blood collection port 2 ... Blood return port 3 ... Blood component adsorber 4 ... Hemodialyzer 5a ... Connection part to inlet of blood component adsorber 5b ... Connection part to outlet of blood component adsorber 6a ... Hemodialysis Connection to the inlet of the blood vessel 6b ... Connection to the outlet of the hemodialyzer 11 ... Bypass flow path 12 ... Forceps 13 ... Three-way switching valve 14 ... Three-way switching valve 15 ... Bypass flow path

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A body fluid inflow port and an outflow port, and a portion connectable to the inflow port and the outflow port of a plurality of sets of body fluid treatment devices capable of using a plurality of body fluid treatment devices. In a body fluid treatment circuit for extracorporeal circulation treatment, an inlet side of at least one body fluid treatment device is branched, and a flow passage on the branched side is directly connected to an outlet side of the body fluid treatment device to form a bypass flow passage. A body fluid treatment circuit having a bypass flow path characterized by being formed. 2. A body fluid treatment circuit having a bypass channel according to claim 1, wherein a valve element for channel switching is provided in the bypass channel section. 3. The body fluid treatment circuit with a bypass flow path according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of body fluid treatment devices is a hemodialyzer. 4. The body fluid treatment circuit according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of body fluid treatment devices is a blood component adsorber for a body fluid component. 5. A body fluid treatment circuit having a bypass flow passage as set forth in claim 2, wherein the flow passage switching valve element provided in the bypass flow passage portion is a three-way valve.