JPH0532885B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0532885B2 JPH0532885B2 JP57226770A JP22677082A JPH0532885B2 JP H0532885 B2 JPH0532885 B2 JP H0532885B2 JP 57226770 A JP57226770 A JP 57226770A JP 22677082 A JP22677082 A JP 22677082A JP H0532885 B2 JPH0532885 B2 JP H0532885B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- liquid
- valve
- liquid refrigerant
- decomposition products
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
- H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transformer Cooling (AREA)
Description
［発明の属する技術分野］
本発明は、高温と高電圧との条件下で電気機器
を有効に冷却し、長時間にわたり安定状態に保持
するようにした電気機器に関する。
［従来技術とその問題点］
油入変圧器は絶縁の主体が紙であることから、
初期においては加熱脱気による水分の除去を長時
間行なつた後に精製した絶縁油を封入するが、こ
の場合残留水分が油中に混入してくる問題があ
る。更に運転中に高電圧による部分放電や局部加
熱等によつて、その近傍の絶縁物や絶縁油が分解
して、水素（H2）、メタン（CH4）、エタン
（C2H6）、エチレン（C2H4）、アセチレン
（C2H2）、一酸化炭素（CO）などの可燃性ガスが
発生し絶縁油中に溶存し、絶縁油を劣化促進す
る。
現在はこのうちの水素ガスをガス分離膜を通し
て濃度測定することで内部異状の検出にあててい
るが、限界値まで徐々に増加する場合は劣化程度
に応じて電力損失が増加するため効率が低下する
問題がある。又、限界値まで達すると、変圧器を
停止して、内部診断と絶縁油の全部又は一定割合
を入れ換えている。これは運転時の効率や絶縁油
の使用、信頼性について改善の余地が残されてい
る。
一方近年、液体冷媒としてフロン系冷媒は小型
の電子部品の冷却から、車載用パワー半導体電力
変換機器等に不燃性と熱伝達率の大きさ等の良好
なる特性から利用形態や使用量が増加している。
主に使用されている冷媒はフロンＲ−113（CClF2
−CCl2F）であるが、その他にも沸点に応じて単
独あるいは混合された状態で使われている。
しかし乍ら、この冷媒は精製された状態だと分
解温度が高いが、金属材料や有機材料との共存下
では100℃あるいは、それ以下でも分解が進行す
る。
その結果Cl、Ｆイオン、あるいは微量な溶存水
分と反応してHClやHF等が分解生成物として発
生する。これらの酸成分は構造材の金属を腐食
し、著るしく、機器の信頼性が低下する恐れがあ
る。
［発明の目的］
本発明は上述した従来の電気機器の欠点を改良
したもので、電気機器中に封入される液体中に含
まれる水分と分解生成物を吸着除去する機構を液
体冷媒の循環路中に設置し、これら機器の効率を
初期に近い状態で長期にわたつて存続させ、高い
信頼性を付与する機構を提供することを目的とす
る。
［発明の概要］
絶縁油、フロン等の冷却と絶縁を兼ねた液体は
水分と分解生成物を除去することで液体を良好な
状態に常に保つことが可能である。しかるに分解
生成物を除去する吸着剤は、従来各種活性炭や、
モレキユラーシーブス等で代表されるものがいく
つもあるが、水分の吸着量は非常に少く不十分で
ある。
そこで本発明者らは、最近保水剤等として用い
られている吸水性樹脂に着目し、吸水性樹脂によ
る液体冷媒中の水分の除去を試みたところ、この
ような吸水性樹脂によれば、液体冷媒中に微量存
在する不純物としての水分であつても、充分に除
去されるという知見を得た。さらに前記吸水性樹
脂は、自重の200〜800倍程度の水分を化学的反応
によつて吸水するため、少量の使用により充分な
水分の除去が可能であり、しかも水分の除去と分
解生成物の除去とをそれぞれ吸水性樹脂及び無機
吸着剤とに機能分離することによつて、無機吸着
剤による分解生成物の除去も高められることを見
出した。従つて本発明においては、液体冷媒中に
溶存している水分を吸水性樹脂で、分解生成物は
通常の吸着剤で除去することによつて、効果的に
冷媒を清浄に保つことができる。なおこの吸水性
樹脂は水分と反応することによつて体積が膨脹し
たり、ゲル化する現象があるため、不織布やポー
ラスな物質と混在させることが必要である。而し
て、液体の流入径路は最初に吸水性樹脂を通過す
ることによつて水分を除去し、次に分解生成物を
吸着する吸着剤に流れることでより大きな清浄化
効果が得られるが、両成分を混在してもその効果
が大きい。すなわち本発明は、液体冷媒を用いて
冷却する手段を有した電気機器において、前記液
体冷媒の循環径路中に、吸水性樹脂と無機吸着剤
とからなる不純物除去用部材が配置され、かつ前
記不純物除去用部材の配設部を回避するバイパス
を具備したことを特徴とする電気機器である。
このように構成したものを一つの素子（エレメ
ント）として機器の循環径路に設置する。このエ
レメントはバルブ等を介して必要に応じて液体を
流せ、又、十分に水分や分解生成物を吸着した後
に機器を停止しないでエレメント交換ができるよ
うに着脱自在な形で設置することが好ましい。こ
の場合、液体の劣化を測定する検出器を設け、こ
れとバルブを連動することで、劣化してきたとき
はただちにバルブを開き液体を清浄にする。通常
の場合はこのエレメントを通すと圧力損失等が加
わるため、ここをさけ、分解生成物が或る設定値
を越えた時だけ流すようにする。
これにより、初期のならし運転による液体冷媒
の汚れや水分を除去し、さらには夏転中において
発生する分解生成物をも除去することで、その液
体冷媒による絶縁性や冷却特性が充分に保持され
る。
［発明の効果］
運転開始前の初期ならし運転時に内部に含まれ
ていたゴミ、汚れ、水分その他不純物を十分に取
り除くことができ、運転開始時の機器の状態が非
常に安定している。分解生成物や水分の溶存を常
に低水準に保持できるため、これらによるトラブ
ルを抑制できると同時に漏れ電流誘電損失等の損
失を大幅に抑制する効果がある。
一方、分解生成物と水分による腐食や劣化を促
す成分を未然に低濃度に抑制でき、機器の長期に
わたる安定な運転ができ大幅に信頼性の向上が図
れる。
［発明の実施例］
図を用いて本発明の１実施例を説明する。第１
図中の１はトランス、コンデンサ等の発熱性電気
機器本体であり、これを囲繞する筐体３内の空間
２に絶縁油、フロン等の液体が充填され電気機器
本体を絶縁冷却している。筐体３には、パイプ４
を介して熱交換器５が接続され、さらに、本発明
の不純物除去用部材エレメント６、循環ポンプ７
を介して筐体へ配管され、液体冷媒の循環流通路
が形成される。また循環流通路中には、不純物除
去用部材エレメント６を辻回するバイパス１０が
設けられ、バルブ又は電磁バルブ８によりエレメ
ント６とバイパス１０のいずれかを液体冷媒が通
過する。なおエレメント６はフランジ９により取
付け脱着可能とし、エレメント６の交換を容易に
行なえるようになつている。
不純物除去用部材としては、アラソーブ（商品
名、荒川化学(株)製）のような吸水性樹脂と、活性
炭、アルコアルミナ、モルキユラーシーブ4Aの
ような無機吸着剤とを混合乃至は別個に容器中に
充填したものが用いられる。
以下に、不純物の除去効果を示す実験例を示
す。
(1) 絶縁油（JIS−２号油）100ml中に吸水性樹脂
（アラソーブ、荒川化学(株)）0.3ｇを入れ撹拌し
た。
[Technical Field to Which the Invention Pertains] The present invention relates to an electrical device that can be effectively cooled under conditions of high temperature and high voltage and maintained in a stable state for a long period of time. [Prior art and its problems] Since the insulation of oil-immersed transformers is mainly paper,
In the initial stage, refined insulating oil is sealed after water is removed by heating and deaeration for a long period of time, but in this case there is a problem that residual water gets mixed into the oil. Furthermore, during operation, insulators and insulating oil in the vicinity decompose due to partial discharge or local heating caused by high voltage, producing hydrogen (H 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), ethane (C 2 H 6 ), Flammable gases such as ethylene (C 2 H 4 ), acetylene (C 2 H 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO) are generated and dissolved in the insulating oil, accelerating its deterioration. Currently, internal abnormalities are detected by measuring the concentration of hydrogen gas through a gas separation membrane, but when it gradually increases to the limit value, efficiency decreases because power loss increases depending on the degree of deterioration. There is a problem. Furthermore, when the limit value is reached, the transformer is stopped, internal diagnosis is performed, and all or a certain percentage of the insulating oil is replaced. This leaves room for improvement in terms of efficiency during operation, use of insulating oil, and reliability. On the other hand, in recent years, the use of fluorocarbon-based refrigerants as liquid refrigerants has increased, from cooling small electronic components to automotive power semiconductor power conversion equipment, due to their favorable properties such as nonflammability and high heat transfer coefficient. ing.
The mainly used refrigerant is Freon R-113 (CClF 2
-CCl 2 F), but other substances are also used singly or in combination depending on the boiling point. However, although this refrigerant has a high decomposition temperature in its purified state, decomposition proceeds even at 100°C or lower when coexisting with metal or organic materials. As a result, it reacts with Cl, F ions, or a trace amount of dissolved water, and HCl, HF, etc. are generated as decomposition products. These acid components corrode the metals of the structural materials, and there is a risk that the reliability of the equipment will decrease significantly. [Object of the Invention] The present invention improves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional electrical equipment, and incorporates a mechanism for adsorbing and removing moisture and decomposition products contained in the liquid sealed in the electrical equipment into a liquid refrigerant circulation path. The purpose of this project is to provide a mechanism that maintains the efficiency of these devices in a state close to their initial state over a long period of time and provides high reliability. [Summary of the Invention] Liquids that serve both as cooling and insulation, such as insulating oil and fluorocarbons, can be kept in good condition at all times by removing moisture and decomposition products. However, conventional adsorbents for removing decomposition products include various types of activated carbon,
There are many types such as molecular sieves, but the amount of water adsorption is very small and insufficient. Therefore, the present inventors focused on water-absorbing resins that have recently been used as water-retaining agents, etc., and attempted to remove water from liquid refrigerants using water-absorbing resins. It has been found that even trace amounts of water as an impurity present in the refrigerant can be sufficiently removed. Furthermore, the water-absorbing resin absorbs about 200 to 800 times its own weight of water through a chemical reaction, so it is possible to remove sufficient water by using a small amount. It has been found that by separating the functions of removal into a water-absorbing resin and an inorganic adsorbent, the removal of decomposition products by the inorganic adsorbent can also be enhanced. Therefore, in the present invention, by removing the water dissolved in the liquid refrigerant with a water-absorbing resin and removing the decomposition products with a conventional adsorbent, the refrigerant can be effectively kept clean. Since this water-absorbing resin expands in volume or gels when it reacts with water, it is necessary to mix it with a nonwoven fabric or a porous substance. Therefore, the liquid inflow path first removes moisture by passing through the water-absorbing resin, and then flows to the adsorbent that adsorbs decomposition products, so that a greater cleaning effect can be obtained. Even if both components are mixed, the effect is great. That is, the present invention provides an electric device having means for cooling using a liquid refrigerant, in which an impurity removing member made of a water-absorbing resin and an inorganic adsorbent is disposed in a circulation path of the liquid refrigerant, and This electrical equipment is characterized by having a bypass that avoids a portion where a removal member is provided. The device configured as described above is installed as one element in the circulation path of the device. It is preferable to install this element in a removable manner so that liquid can flow as needed through a valve, etc., and the element can be replaced without stopping the equipment after sufficient moisture and decomposition products have been adsorbed. . In this case, a detector is provided to measure the deterioration of the liquid, and by linking this with a valve, the valve is immediately opened to clean the liquid when deterioration occurs. Normally, passing through this element adds pressure loss, etc., so this is avoided and the decomposition products are allowed to flow only when they exceed a certain set value. This removes dirt and moisture from the liquid refrigerant during the initial break-in operation, and also removes decomposition products generated during summer rotation, ensuring that the insulation and cooling properties of the liquid refrigerant are sufficiently maintained. be done. [Effects of the Invention] Dust, dirt, moisture, and other impurities contained inside the device can be sufficiently removed during the initial break-in operation before the start of operation, and the condition of the device at the start of operation is extremely stable. Since dissolved decomposition products and water can always be kept at a low level, troubles caused by these can be suppressed, and at the same time, losses such as leakage current dielectric loss can be greatly suppressed. On the other hand, components that promote corrosion and deterioration due to decomposition products and moisture can be suppressed to low concentrations, allowing stable operation of equipment over long periods of time and greatly improving reliability. [Embodiment of the Invention] One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1st
Reference numeral 1 in the figure represents a main body of a heat-generating electric device such as a transformer or a capacitor, and a space 2 in a housing 3 surrounding this is filled with a liquid such as insulating oil or fluorocarbon to insulate and cool the main body of the electric device. In the case 3, there is a pipe 4
A heat exchanger 5 is connected via the impurity removing element 6 and a circulation pump 7 of the present invention.
The refrigerant is piped to the housing via the refrigerant to form a circulation path for the liquid refrigerant. In addition, a bypass 10 is provided in the circulation passageway to pass around the impurity removal member element 6, and the liquid refrigerant passes through either the element 6 or the bypass 10 by a valve or electromagnetic valve 8. The element 6 can be attached and detached using a flange 9, so that the element 6 can be easily replaced. As an impurity removal member, a water-absorbing resin such as Arasorb (trade name, manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Co., Ltd.) and an inorganic adsorbent such as activated carbon, alcoalumina, or Molcular Sieve 4A can be mixed or separately. It is used filled in a container. An experimental example showing the impurity removal effect is shown below. (1) 0.3 g of a water-absorbing resin (Arasorb, Arakawa Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added to 100 ml of insulating oil (JIS-2 oil) and stirred.
【表】
(2) フロンＲ−113（CCl2F−CClF2）100mlに吸水
性樹脂（同上）0.3ｇを入れ撹拌
初期値（水分量）…15.0ppm
1h後…1.0 〃 以下
(3) フロンＲ−113の分解生成物であるHClガス
を無機吸着剤で吸着した。[Table] (2) Add 0.3 g of water-absorbing resin (same as above) to 100 ml of Freon R-113 (CCl 2 F-CClF 2 ) and stir Initial value (moisture content)...15.0 ppm After 1 hour...1.0 Below (3) Freon HCl gas, a decomposition product of R-113, was adsorbed using an inorganic adsorbent.
【表】
以上の結果より本発明の電気機器では、液体冷
媒中の水分が吸水性樹脂により、また分解生成物
が無機吸着剤により充分除去できることが判る。[Table] From the above results, it can be seen that in the electrical equipment of the present invention, the moisture in the liquid refrigerant can be sufficiently removed by the water-absorbing resin, and the decomposition products can be sufficiently removed by the inorganic adsorbent.
第１図は、本発明の電気機器を説明するための
概略図である。
１…電気機器本体、５…熱交換器、６…不純物
除去用部材エレメント、７…循環ポンプ、８…バ
ルブ、９…フランジ、１０…バイパス。
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the electrical equipment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Electrical equipment body, 5...Heat exchanger, 6...Impurity removal member element, 7...Circulation pump, 8...Valve, 9...Flange, 10...Bypass.
Claims (1)
機器において、前記液体冷媒の循環経路中に吸水
性樹脂と無機吸着剤とからなる不純物除去用部材
が配設され、かつ前記不純物除去用部材の配設部
を回避するバイパスを具備したことを特徴とする
電気機器。 ２ 不純物除去用部材の配設部及びバイパスには
バルブが設けられていることを特徴とする特許請
求の範囲第１項記載の電気機器。 ３ バルブが液体の劣化を検出する検知器と連動
する電磁バルブであることを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第２項記載の電気機器。 ４ 不純物除去用部材が脱着可能に配設されてい
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第２項又は第
３項記載の電気機器。[Scope of Claims] 1. An electric device having means for cooling using a liquid refrigerant, wherein an impurity removing member made of a water-absorbing resin and an inorganic adsorbent is disposed in a circulation path of the liquid refrigerant, and An electrical device comprising a bypass that avoids a portion where the impurity removing member is provided. 2. The electrical device according to claim 1, wherein a valve is provided in the arrangement portion of the impurity removal member and the bypass. 3. The electrical device according to claim 2, wherein the valve is an electromagnetic valve that works in conjunction with a detector that detects deterioration of the liquid. 4. The electrical device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the impurity removing member is removably disposed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22677082A JPS59119709A (en) | 1982-12-27 | 1982-12-27 | Electric machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22677082A JPS59119709A (en) | 1982-12-27 | 1982-12-27 | Electric machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59119709A JPS59119709A (en) | 1984-07-11 |
| JPH0532885B2 true JPH0532885B2 (en) | 1993-05-18 |
Family
ID=16850333
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22677082A Granted JPS59119709A (en) | 1982-12-27 | 1982-12-27 | Electric machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59119709A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4838040A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-06-13 | Freeman Clarence S | Air conditioner dryer utilizing water-encapsulating polymers |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4915692U (en) * | 1972-05-13 | 1974-02-08 | ||
| JPS5643126U (en) * | 1979-09-12 | 1981-04-20 |
-
1982
- 1982-12-27 JP JP22677082A patent/JPS59119709A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59119709A (en) | 1984-07-11 |
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