JPH05501902A - rotor - Google Patents

rotor

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Publication number
JPH05501902A
JPH05501902A JP3514895A JP51489591A JPH05501902A JP H05501902 A JPH05501902 A JP H05501902A JP 3514895 A JP3514895 A JP 3514895A JP 51489591 A JP51489591 A JP 51489591A JP H05501902 A JPH05501902 A JP H05501902A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rotor
blade
energy
edge
rotor blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP3514895A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
モーゼル　ヨゼフ
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of JPH05501902A publication Critical patent/JPH05501902A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C21/00—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow
    • B64C21/10—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow using other surface properties, e.g. roughness
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F01D5/145—Means for influencing boundary layers or secondary circulations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2261—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures
    • F04D29/2272—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures for influencing flow or boundary layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/30—Vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F04D29/384—Blades characterised by form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/16—Air or water being indistinctly used as working fluid, i.e. the machine can work equally with air or water without any modification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/32—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor with roughened surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/60—Structure; Surface texture
    • F05B2250/61—Structure; Surface texture corrugated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/60—Structure; Surface texture
    • F05B2250/61—Structure; Surface texture corrugated
    • F05B2250/611—Structure; Surface texture corrugated undulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/10—Stators
    • F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • F05D2240/127—Vortex generators, turbulators, or the like, for mixing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/20—Rotors
    • F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05D2240/301—Cross-sectional characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/20—Rotors
    • F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05D2240/31—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor with roughened surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/60—Structure; Surface texture
    • F05D2250/61—Structure; Surface texture corrugated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/60—Structure; Surface texture
    • F05D2250/61—Structure; Surface texture corrugated
    • F05D2250/611—Structure; Surface texture corrugated undulated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/10—Drag reduction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Camera Bodies And Camera Details Or Accessories (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。 (57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ロータ 本発明は、流れている流体からエネルギを吸収するため及び／又は流れている流 体にエネルギを放出するためのロータに関し、このロータは、ハブと少なくとも 一つのロータブレードから成る。[Detailed description of the invention] rotor The present invention provides a method for absorbing energy from a flowing fluid and/or for absorbing energy from a flowing fluid. Regarding the rotor for discharging energy to the body, this rotor has a hub and at least Consists of one rotor blade.

このようなロータは技術において広範に使用されている。例えば、流れている流 体からエネルギが風車で吸収され、近づいてくる風のエネルギはこの風車によっ て回転エネルギに変換され、これは発電機で電力に変換される。流れている流体 のエネルギは、例えばカブランタービンで回転エネルギに変換される。最後に、 ガスタービンが知られている。このガスタービンは多数のブレードを有し、これ らのブレードによって、膨張するガス流のエネルギが回転エネルギに変換される 。Such rotors are widely used in technology. For example, a flowing stream Energy from the body is absorbed by the windmill, and the energy of the approaching wind is absorbed by the windmill. is converted into rotational energy, which is converted into electric power by a generator. flowing fluid The energy is converted into rotational energy by, for example, a Kablan turbine. lastly, Gas turbines are known. This gas turbine has a large number of blades, which These blades convert the energy of the expanding gas stream into rotational energy. .

他方、ロータはエネルギを流れている流体に放出するのにも使用される。これは 、例えば、乗り物を駆動するために行われる。例としては船舶用スクリュープロ ペラ及び航空機のプロペラが挙げられる。エネルギを流れている流体に放出する ためのロータの他の機能は、流体を混合することである。このような場合、ロー タはいわゆる撹拌部材を構成する。On the other hand, rotors are also used to release energy into the flowing fluid. this is , for example, to drive a vehicle. For example, marine screw pro Examples include propellers and aircraft propellers. release energy into a flowing fluid Another function of the rotor for is to mix fluids. In such cases, the low The stirrer constitutes a so-called stirring member.

上述の全ての分野において、ロータの形状を適正にすることによってロータの有 効性を改善するための努力が長い間材われてきた。In all of the above-mentioned fields, the effectiveness of the rotor can be improved by optimizing the shape of the rotor. Efforts have long been made to improve efficacy.

本発明の目的は、冒頭に記載した種類のロータを、ロータが流れている流体から エネルギを吸収するために使用されるものであるか或いは流れている流体にエネ ルギを放出するために使用されるものであるかに関わらず、ロータの効率が更に 改善されるように改良することである。The object of the invention is to provide a rotor of the type mentioned at the outset from the fluid through which it is flowing. used to absorb energy or add energy to a flowing fluid The efficiency of the rotor is further increased regardless of whether it is used to emit It is to improve so that it can be improved.

本発明によれば、この目的は請求項１の特徴部分によって達成される。請求項Ｉ の特徴部分によれば、少なくとも一つのロータブレードは少なくとも一つの空気 力学的及び／又は流体動力学的波形を有し、この波形はロータブレードの平らな 部分とともに二つの縁部を構成し、半径方向流が近づく縁部はロータブレードの 縁部の垂線から角度αだけ傾斜しており、そのため、前記縁部は回転方向にある ロータブレードの縁部から外方に延び、他方の縁部はロータブレードの縁部に直 角である。According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing parts of claim 1. Claim I According to the characteristic part of the at least one rotor blade, the at least one air having a mechanical and/or hydrodynamic waveform, which The edge along with the radial flow approaches the rotor blade. is inclined by an angle α from the edge perpendicular, so that said edge is in the direction of rotation extending outwardly from the edge of the rotor blade, with the other edge directly at the edge of the rotor blade. It is a corner.

本発明によるロータの効率の増大は、以下の通りに物理的に説明することができ る。この目的について、一方ではエネルギ製造システムを、他方ではエネルギ放 出システムを考えなければならない。エネルギ製造システムには、例えば風ター ビンが含まれる。エネルギ放出システムは、例えば船舶用スクリュープロペラ及 び空気推進プロペラを含む。エネルギ吸収システムでは、ａ−タブレード上を通 って外方に流れ去る空気又は流体要素に加わる遠心力により外方に流れ去る水が 波形により形成された障害物に衝突する。波形の前縁が適切に傾斜させであるた め、流体の半径方向流の一部がこの縫に沿って流れ去り、かくして追加の駆動成 分をつくりだす。本発明に従って設計したロータは、このましい圧力状態、即ち 過圧及び減圧、を生じ、これらもまた好ましい方法で駆動運動に変換される。The increase in rotor efficiency according to the present invention can be physically explained as follows. Ru. For this purpose, energy production systems on the one hand and energy release systems on the other hand. We have to think about the exit system. Energy production systems include wind turbines, e.g. Contains bottles. Energy release systems can be used, for example, in marine screw propellers and and air-propelled propellers. In the energy absorption system, the The air flowing outward due to the centrifugal force applied to the fluid element or the water flowing outward due to the centrifugal force exerted on the fluid element. Collision with obstacles formed by waveforms. The leading edge of the corrugation should be properly sloped. Therefore, a portion of the radial flow of fluid flows away along this stitch, thus creating an additional drive. create a portion. A rotor designed in accordance with the present invention has the desired pressure conditions, i.e. Overpressure and underpressure are generated, which are also converted into drive movements in a favorable manner.

エネルギ放出システムでは、波形が構成する障害物は、これらが実際に流れを集 中させる点で有効である。これは、流れの半径方向外方に差し向けられた成分が 単に流れ去ることのないようにし、この成分を連続性により軸線方向及び接線方 向に差し向けられると理解することができる。その結果、本発明の存在を確認し 、かくして効率もまた改善されるような方法で軸線方向成分が強化される。近づ いて（る流体が接触する面積及び周囲流体と接触した面積は約１０％増大するが 、これに対し、流れ面積はこれと同時に増大されない。In an energy emitting system, the obstacles that the waveforms make up are the ones that actually collect the flow. It is effective in neutralizing the situation. This means that the radially outwardly directed components of the flow This component should be kept axially and tangentially by continuity so that it does not simply flow away. It can be understood that it is directed towards the person. As a result, the existence of the present invention was confirmed. , thus the axial component is strengthened in such a way that efficiency is also improved. approach (The area in contact with the surrounding fluid and the area in contact with the surrounding fluid increase by about 10%. , whereas the flow area is not simultaneously increased.

本発明によりつくりだされる特に望ましい結果は、ロータが液体流体中で回転す ることにより生じるキャビテーションが太き（減じられ、はぼ完全になくされる ということである。気体流体中で回転するロータでは、邪魔な騒音の発生もまた 実質的に減じられる。このような場合、流れがブレードの縁部で砕けることは本 発明が提供する空気力学的及び／又は流体動力学的波形を持たないロータよりも 遥かに高速で起こる。A particularly desirable result produced by the present invention is that the rotor rotates in a liquid fluid. The cavitation caused by That's what it means. Rotors spinning in gaseous fluids also produce disturbing noise. substantially reduced. In such cases, it is normal for the flow to break at the edges of the blades. than a rotor without the aerodynamic and/or hydrodynamic corrugations provided by the invention. It happens much faster.

本発明の所望の特徴によれば、空気力学的及び／又は流体動力学的波形及び残り のロータブレードには段が付加的に設けられている。こうした段は、適切には、 ロータの目的に応じて形成されている。例えば、ガス流の場合、これらの段は比 較的細かいのがよいが、水流の場合、これに相応して粗くなっている。ガス流の 場合でも、流速に応じて更に粗い段を備えるのが望ましい。According to a desired feature of the invention, aerodynamic and/or hydrodynamic waveforms and residual The rotor blades of are additionally provided with stages. These stages are suitably The rotor is formed according to its purpose. For example, in the case of gas flow, these stages are It is better to be relatively fine, but in the case of water flow, it should be correspondingly coarse. gas flow Even in this case, it is desirable to provide coarser stages depending on the flow rate.

本発明の更に他の所望の特徴は、ロータブレードの半径方向内方に配置された部 分が平らなままであるのに対し、ロータブレードの外側部分に本発明に従って形 成された空気力学的及び／又は流体動力学的シャフトが設けられているというこ とである。このような場合、半径が増大する場合にのみ強い遠心力が作用し、ロ ータブレードの半径方向内側領域には遠心力が生じないという事実が１酌されて いる。Still other desirable features of the invention include a radially inwardly disposed portion of the rotor blade. The outer part of the rotor blade is shaped according to the invention, whereas the outer part of the rotor blade remains flat. This means that an aerodynamic and/or hydrodynamic shaft is provided. That is. In such cases, a strong centrifugal force acts only when the radius increases, and the rotor Taking into account the fact that no centrifugal force occurs in the radially inner region of the motor blade. There is.

本発明によるロータの好ましい使用は実施態様項から明らかになるであろう。Preferred uses of the rotor according to the invention will become clear from the embodiment section.

本発明のこれ以上の詳細及び利点を添付図面に示された例示の実施例を参照して 以下に説明する。Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. This will be explained below.

第１図は、本発明によるロータブレードの一部を示す概略斜視図であり、第２図 は、第１図のＡ−Ａ線での断面図であり、第３図は、本発明によるロータアーム の一部を示す斜視図であり、第４図は、本発明によるロータアームを示す側面図 であり、第５図は、本発明によるロータが使用された風力エネルギ変換器の第１ 実施例を示す図であり、 第６図は、本発明によるロータが使用された風力エネルギ変換器の第２実施例を 示す図であり、 第７図は、ヘリコプタ−のロータを構成する本発明によるロータの一部を示す斜 視図であり、 第８図は、本発明によるロータを具体化する船舶用スクリュープロペラを示す斜 視図であり、 第９図は、本発明によるロータを具体化したカブランタービンを示す斜視図であ り、 第１０図は、第９図の細部を示す正面図であり、第１１ａ図及び第１１ｂ図は、 本発明によるロータを具体化したファンホイールを示す正面図及び側面図であり 、 第１２図は、本発明によるロータを具体化したターボチャージャーのコンプレッ サーのホイールを示す斜視図であり、第１３図は、復水タービンに設けられた、 本発明を具体化する最終段ブレードを示す拡大斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a part of a rotor blade according to the present invention, and FIG. is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the rotor arm according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a rotor arm according to the present invention. and FIG. 5 shows the first diagram of a wind energy converter using a rotor according to the present invention. It is a figure showing an example, FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of a wind energy converter using a rotor according to the present invention. It is a diagram showing FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a part of a rotor according to the present invention constituting a rotor of a helicopter. It is a perspective view, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a marine screw propeller embodying a rotor according to the present invention. It is a perspective view, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a Cablan turbine embodying a rotor according to the present invention. the law of nature, FIG. 10 is a front view showing details of FIG. 9, and FIGS. 11a and 11b are FIG. 1 is a front view and a side view showing a fan wheel embodying a rotor according to the present invention; , FIG. 12 shows a compressor of a turbocharger embodying a rotor according to the invention. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a wheel of a condensing turbine, and FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a final stage blade embodying the present invention.

本発明によるロータの作動の改良された基本モードを第１図を参照して説明する 。第１図に一部だけを示すロータブレードはほぼ平らである。波形１２が平面か ら突出し、二つの縁部１４及び１６を構成する。誤解を避けるため、更に、この 波形を空気力学的及び／又は流体動力学的波形１２を構成するものとして説明す る。第１図に一部を示すロータブレードは接線方向に回転し、これを第１図に矢 印Ｂで示す。ロータブレード１０を取り囲む流体の流速は流れの三つの速度成分 、即ち半径方向成分、接線方向成分、及び軸線方向成分に分解することができる 。半径方向流れはロータブレードの内側からロータブレードの外端（第１図には 図示せず）への矢印Ａの方向に進む。流れの接線方向を矢印Ｂで示す。流れの軸 線方向は紙面に直角である。The improved basic mode of operation of the rotor according to the invention will be explained with reference to FIG. . The rotor blade, only a portion of which is shown in FIG. 1, is generally flat. Is waveform 12 a plane? The two edges 14 and 16 are formed by protruding from the edges 14 and 16. For the avoidance of doubt, this The waveforms are described as comprising an aerodynamic and/or hydrodynamic waveform 12. Ru. The rotor blades, a portion of which is shown in Figure 1, rotate tangentially and are shown by the arrows in Figure 1. Indicated by mark B. The velocity of the fluid surrounding the rotor blades 10 is determined by three velocity components of the flow: , i.e. can be decomposed into radial, tangential and axial components. . The radial flow is from the inside of the rotor blade to the outside edge of the rotor blade (see Figure 1). (not shown) in the direction of arrow A. The tangential direction of flow is indicated by arrow B. axis of flow The line direction is perpendicular to the plane of the paper.

ロータブレードｌＯの縁部１４は、ロータブレードの縁部２２．２４の垂線２０ から角度αだけ傾いている。他方、空気力学的及び／又は流体動力学的波形及び 平らなロータブレードが構成する縁部１６はロータブレードの縁部２２及び２４ に直角に延びている。矢印Ａが示すように半径方向外方に流れる流体が波形１２ により構成される傷害物に衝突すると、流体の一部が直ちに矢印の方向に逸らさ れ、そのため駆動力の追加の成分がロータに及ぼされる。流れの逸らされなかっ た残りの部分は、波形に亘って矢印すの方向に流れ、次いで、前記流れが次の波 形に衝突するまで矢印Ｃの方向にブレードに亘って半径方向に流れ続ける。The edge 14 of the rotor blade lO is the perpendicular 20 of the edge 22.24 of the rotor blade. It is tilted by an angle α from On the other hand, aerodynamic and/or hydrodynamic waveforms and The edges 16 defined by the flat rotor blades are similar to the edges 22 and 24 of the rotor blades. extends at right angles to. Fluid flowing radially outward as indicated by arrow A forms a waveform 12. When it collides with an injury object made up of , so that an additional component of the driving force is exerted on the rotor. the flow is not diverted The remaining portion flows across the wave in the direction of the arrow, and then the flow flows into the next wave. It continues to flow radially across the blade in the direction of arrow C until it hits a shape.

第２図は、ロータブレード１０を示す横方向断面である。第３図に示す実施例で は、空気力学的及び／又は流体動力学的波形１２が互いに近接している。第４図 では、ロータブレードの内側部分は滑らかであり、ロータブレードの外側部分で 波形Ｉ２が互いに近接している。FIG. 2 is a lateral cross-section showing rotor blade 10. FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. , the aerodynamic and/or hydrodynamic waveforms 12 are close to each other. Figure 4 , the inner part of the rotor blade is smooth and the outer part of the rotor blade is smooth. Waveforms I2 are close to each other.

第５図及び第６図は、横軸風車を示し、これらの風車は本発明によるロータを有 し、このロータはロータブレードＩＯを有する。ロータのハブには参照番号１１ が附しである。横軸風車３０は対称に配置された二つのロータブレード１０を有 する。第６図に示す横軸風車３５は対称であり、そのハブ１１は対称なロータブ レードＩＯの重心に配置されている。第７図は、ヘリコプタ−のロータ２０の細 部、更に詳細には、ヘリコプタ−のロータのブレードＩＯを示し、半径方向内側 部分１３が従来の滑らかな外形を有するのに対し半径方向外側部分には本発明に 従って空気力学的波形１２が形成されている。5 and 6 show transverse axis wind turbines, which have a rotor according to the invention. However, this rotor has rotor blades IO. The rotor hub has reference number 11. is attached. The horizontal axis wind turbine 30 has two rotor blades 10 arranged symmetrically. do. The horizontal axis wind turbine 35 shown in FIG. 6 is symmetrical, and its hub 11 is a symmetrical rotor. It is located at the center of gravity of the raid IO. Figure 7 shows the details of the rotor 20 of a helicopter. part, more specifically the blade IO of the rotor of the helicopter, radially inward Whereas portion 13 has a conventional smooth profile, the radially outer portion has a An aerodynamic waveform 12 is thus formed.

第８図は、本発明に従って設計された四枚のロータブレードを有する船舶用スク リュープロペラを示す。この船舶用スクリュープロペラは、所望の他の数のブレ ードを有してもよいということは理解されよう。全てのブレードは本発明による 波形１２を有するということが重要である。前記ブレードはそれらの半径方向内 側部分が平らになっていてもよい。これはここには詳細には図示してない。船舶 用スクリュープロペラ５０のブレード形状の外形及び本明細書中で例として言及 した他のロータの外形は変えられていない。FIG. 8 shows a marine ski with four rotor blades designed in accordance with the present invention. Showing the Liu propeller. This marine screw propeller can be used with any other number of brakes as desired. It will be understood that it may have a code. All blades are according to the invention It is important to have a waveform of 12. The blades are within their radial direction. The side portions may be flat. This is not shown in detail here. ship The external shape of the blade shape of the screw propeller 50 for The other rotor profiles have not been changed.

第９図はカブランタービン６０を示し、このタービンのロータブレードＩＯには 本発明に従って波形Ｉ２が形成されている。ハブには参照番号１１が附しである 。第１Ｏ図は、カブランタービン６０のロータブレードｌＯのうちの一つのロー タブレードの細部を示す。FIG. 9 shows a Cablan turbine 60, whose rotor blades IO include Waveform I2 has been formed in accordance with the invention. The hub is marked with reference number 11. . FIG. Showing details of the tablade.

第１１Ａ図及び第１１ｂ図は、本発明に従ってシャフトＩ２を備えた大枚のロイ ザーリング７２を有する。FIGS. 11A and 11b show a large sheet of laminate with a shaft I2 according to the invention. It has a serring 72.

第１２図は、ターボチャージャーのコンプレッサーのホイールを示す。このホイ ールのロータブレードｌＯは、第１２図に実線で示す段２６に従って波形１２を 有する。FIG. 12 shows the compressor wheel of the turbocharger. This hoi The rotor blade lO of the rotor has a waveform 12 according to the step 26 shown in solid line in FIG. have

第１３図は、復水タービンの最終段ブレードを構成するロータブレードＩＯを示 す。これらのブレードはハブ１１に設けられている。この場合、波形１２の他に 非常に多くの細かな段２６が設けられている。Figure 13 shows the rotor blade IO that constitutes the final stage blade of the condensing turbine. vinegar. These blades are provided on the hub 11. In this case, in addition to waveform 12, A large number of fine steps 26 are provided.

本願中に図示した例示の実施例と同様に、ガスタービンブレード、他の蒸気ター ビンのロータ並びにジェット推進式航空機等のジェットエンジンのエンジンブレ ードのロータをそれらの効率を高めるように設計してもよい。Similar to the example embodiments illustrated herein, gas turbine blades, other steam The rotor of the bottle and the engine brake of jet engines such as jet propulsion aircraft The rotors of the boards may be designed to increase their efficiency.

、？−−−−−−Ｎ 要約書 本発明は、流れている流体からエネルギを吸収するため及び／又は流れている流 体にエネルギを放出するためのロータに関する。このロータはハブと少なくとも 一つのロータブレード（ｌＯ）から成る。この目的を達成するため、関連した種 類のロータを、流れている流体からのエネルギの吸収中及び流れている流体への エネルギの放出中のロータの効率が更に改善されるように設計し、少なくとも一 つのロータブレード（１０）が、少なくとも一つの空気力学的及び／又は流体動 力学的波形を有し、この波形はロータブレードの平らな部分とともに二つの縁部 （１４，１６）を構成し、半径方向流が近づ（縁部（１４）はロータブレードの 縁部（２２，２４）の垂線から角度αだけ傾斜しており、そのため、前記縁部は 回転方向にあるロータブレードの縁部から外方に延び、他方の縁部（１６）はロ ータブレードの縁部（２２，２４）に直角である。,? --------N abstract The present invention provides a method for absorbing energy from a flowing fluid and/or for absorbing energy from a flowing fluid. Concerning a rotor for releasing energy to the body. This rotor has a hub and at least Consists of one rotor blade (IO). To this end, related species type of rotor during the absorption of energy from the flowing fluid and the transfer of energy to the flowing fluid. designed so that the efficiency of the rotor during energy release is further improved; one rotor blade (10) has at least one aerodynamic and/or fluid dynamic It has a mechanical waveform, which forms the flat part of the rotor blade as well as the two edges. (14, 16), and the radial flow approaches (edge (14) of the rotor blade is inclined by an angle α from the perpendicular of the edges (22, 24), so that said edges Extending outwardly from the edge of the rotor blade in the direction of rotation, the other edge (16) perpendicular to the edges (22, 24) of the motor blade.

国際調査報告 ＩＮＩ＠Ｔｌｌ１ｌｌｏｎｊｌ　Ａｌ１１ｌｌ（・ｌｌｅ＊Ｎａ、ＰＣＴ／ＥＰ ９１１０１７６１international search report INI@Tll1llonjl Al11ll(・lle*Na, PCT/EP 91101761

Claims (12)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １．流れている流体からエネルギを吸収するため及び／又は流れている流体にエ ネルギを放出するための、ハブと少なくとも一つのロータブレードから成るロー タにおいて、 ロータブレード（１０）が少なくとも一つの空気力学的及び／又は流体動力学的 波形（１２）を有し、この波形は、ロータブレード（１０）の平らな部分ととも に二つの縁部（１４、１６）を構成し、半径方向流が方向（Ａ）で近づく縁部は 、ロータブレードの縁部（２２、２４）の垂線から角度ａだけ傾いており、その ため、前記縁部は回転方向（Ｂ）にあるロータブレードの縁部（２２）から外方 に差し向けられており、他方の縁部（２０）はブレードの縁部（２２、２４）に 直角である、ことを特徴とする、ロータ。1. To absorb energy from and/or add energy to a flowing fluid. A rotor comprising a hub and at least one rotor blade for discharging energy. In Ta, The rotor blades (10) have at least one aerodynamic and/or hydrodynamic It has a corrugation (12), which corrugation is combined with the flat part of the rotor blade (10). constitutes two edges (14, 16), and the edge where the radial flow approaches in direction (A) is , is inclined at an angle a from the perpendicular of the rotor blade edges (22, 24), and its Therefore, said edge extends outward from the edge (22) of the rotor blade in the direction of rotation (B). and the other edge (20) is directed towards the edges (22, 24) of the blade. A rotor, characterized in that it is at right angles. ２．空気力学的及び／又は流体動力学的波形（１２）並びにロータブレードの残 りの部分に段（２０）が付加的に設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項１に 記載のロータ。2. Aerodynamic and/or hydrodynamic waveforms (12) and rotor blade remnants Claim 1, characterized in that a step (20) is additionally provided in the region of the Rotor listed. ３．　ロータブレード（１０）の半径方向内側部分（２８）が平らであり、その ため、ロータブレード（１０）には空気力学的及び／又は流体動力学的波形（１ ２）がその外側部分にだけ設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項１又は２に 記載のロータ。3. The radially inner portion (28) of the rotor blade (10) is flat; Therefore, the rotor blades (10) are provided with aerodynamic and/or hydrodynamic waveforms (10). 2) is provided only on its outer part. Rotor listed. ４．風力エネルギ変換器（３０）のロータとして使用されるようになっているこ とを特徴とする、請求項１乃至３のうちのいずれか一項に記載のロータ。4. It is adapted to be used as a rotor of a wind energy converter (30). A rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: ５．ヘリコプターのロータ（４０）として使用されるようになっていることを特 徴とする、請求項１乃至３のうちのいずれか一項に記載のロータ。5. Specially adapted to be used as a helicopter rotor (40) The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: ６．航空機のプロペラとして使用されるようになっていることを特徴とする、請 求項１乃至３のうちのいずれか一項に記載のロータ。6. A claimant characterized by being adapted to be used as an aircraft propeller. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3. ７．船舶用スクリュープロペラ（５０）として使用されるようになっていること を特徴とする、請求項１乃至３のうちのいずれか一項に記載のロータ。7. To be used as a marine screw propeller (50) A rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: ８．撹拌部材として使用されるようになっていることを特徴とする、請求項１乃 至３のうちのいずれか一項に記載のロータ。8. Claim 1, characterized in that it is adapted to be used as a stirring member. The rotor according to any one of to 3. ９．　カプランタービン（６０）として使用されるようになっていることを特徴 とする、請求項１乃至３のうちのいずれか一項に記載のロータ。9. It is characterized by being used as a Kaplan turbine (60) The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3. １０．ファンホイール（７０）として使用されるようになっていることを特徴と する、請求項１乃至３のうちのいずれか一項に記載のロータ。10. It is characterized by being used as a fan wheel (70). The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3. １１．ターボチャージャーのコンプレッサーのホイール（８０）として使用され るようになっていることを特徴とする、請求項１乃至３のうちのいずれか一項に 記載のロータ。11. Used as a turbocharger compressor wheel (80) According to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Rotor listed. １２．復水タービン（９０）として使用されるようになっていることを特徴とす る、請求項１乃至３のうちのいずれか一項に記載のロータ。12. It is characterized by being used as a condensing turbine (90). The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
JP3514895A 1990-09-14 1991-09-16 rotor Pending JPH05501902A (en)

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EP0500875A1 (en) 1992-09-02

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