JPH0558781B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a spray angle control method for controlling the angle of spray from a nozzle installed in a boom sprayer, etc., and a variable spray angle nozzle used therein. The present invention relates to a spray angle control method capable of appropriately controlling the spray angle from a nozzle, and a variable spray angle nozzle used therein. [Prior Art] When changing the spray angle of a conventional nozzle that discharges chemical liquid as a spray, there is a method of replacing the internal spray plate or center body, but this method requires disassembling the nozzle. This makes the adjustment work complicated, and requires the preparation of various spout plates and center bodies.
It is inconvenient to store it. Therefore, in order to overcome this problem, there is already a known technique in which the spray angle of the nozzle is changed by rotating the screw-type core body using an external operating unit to change the distance between the center body and the spray plate. (Example: Utility Model Application Publication No. 118660, Utility Model Application Publication No. 1983-1983)
136248 and Utility Model Application Publication No. 62-164955). In addition, in boom sprayers that are equipped with many nozzles, the spray angle from the nozzles is not changed at any time depending on the situation of the material to be sprayed. ,
The spray angle from the nozzle remains constant. [Problem to be solved by the invention] When rotating the core body, it is suitable for adjusting the spray angle for only one nozzle, but it is difficult to adjust the spray angle for only one nozzle, but it is difficult to adjust the spray angle for only one nozzle. It becomes extremely troublesome to adjust the spray angles of all nozzles at any time. In addition, it is preferable to set the spray angle from the nozzle to an appropriate value depending on the height of the object to be sprayed, etc., so as not to create a blind spot in the spray from the nozzle or to prevent the spray from being wasted. In conventional spraying operations, the spray angle from the nozzle is fixed, and there is a problem in that the spray does not reach the areas where the chemical liquid is to be sprayed sufficiently. It is an object of the invention as claimed in claims 1 and 2 to provide a spray angle control method that allows spraying to be applied to a necessary part of an object to be sprayed, regardless of the situation of the object to be sprayed. The object of the invention according to claims 3 and 4 is to provide a variable spray angle nozzle used in claims 1 and 2. Another object of the present invention is to provide a variable spray angle nozzle that can compensate for variations due to dimensional errors, manufacturing errors, etc. and obtain an appropriate spray angle. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention will be described using reference numerals in the drawings that correspond to the embodiments. In the spray angle control method according to the first aspect, the distance between the variable spray angle nozzle 10 and the object to be sprayed 52 to which the spray from the variable spray angle nozzle 10 is sprayed is determined, and the spray angle is varied based on this measured distance. The spray angle of the nozzle 10 is controlled. In the spray angle control method according to claim 2, a variable spray angle nozzle 10 whose spray angle can be changed by hydraulic pressure is provided,
By manually controlling the oil pressure, the variable spray angle nozzle 10
Adjust the spray angle. The variable spray angle nozzle 10 according to claim 3 has the following (a) to (e).
It has the following constituent elements. (a) A spout plate 30 in which a spout 32 is bored; (b) A vortex chamber 38 formed adjacent to this configuration 30; (c) A spout plate 30 that is freely movable toward and retracted toward the vortex chamber 38 through the through hole 20; A core body 12 that guides the spray liquid to the vortex chamber 38 (d) A biasing member 44 that biases the core body 12 in the forward direction (e) A pressure medium 51 is supplied and the pressure of the pressure medium 51 is applied to the core body. Pressure chamber 4 exerting force in the backward direction of 12
6. The variable spray angle nozzle 10 of claim 4 further includes the following:
It has the constituent elements (f) to (h). (f) Guide body 22 that guides the advance and retreat of core body 12 toward vortex chamber 38 (g) Cylindrical member 40 that is screwed onto core body 12 and surrounds the outer peripheral side of guide body 22 (h) Guide A biasing member 4 that is compressed between the body 22 and the cylindrical member 40 and biases the core body 12 in the forward direction.
Compression coil spring 44 as 4 [Function] In the invention of claim 1, the spray angle variable nozzle 10 and the sprayed material 52 are adjusted according to the height of the material 52 to be sprayed.
The distance between the By measuring this distance, the height of the object to be sprayed 52 is detected, and the spray angle of the variable spray angle nozzle 10 is changed based on the measured distance. In the invention of claim 2, the operator manually changes the oil pressure. The spray angle from the nozzle changes in relation to changes in oil pressure. The operator observes the actual spray angle from the variable spray angle nozzle 10 and, when the desired spray angle is generated in the variable spray angle nozzle 10, fixes the pressure at that oil pressure. In the invention of claim 3, the sprayed liquid such as the chemical liquid that is pressure-fed is introduced into the vortex chamber 38 between the core body 12 and the spray plate 30 through the through hole 20 of the core body 12, and the vortex chamber 38 A vortex is generated at Thereafter, the spray liquid is ejected into the atmosphere from the ejection port 32 of the ejection plate 30. The pressure medium 51 is introduced into the pressure chamber 46, and the core body 12 absorbs the urging force of the urging member 44 and the pressure medium 5 of the pressure chamber 46.
The vortex chamber 38 moves to a position where the force exerted by the vortex chamber 38 is balanced, and the axial length of the vortex chamber 38 changes. As the pressure of the pressure medium 51 in the pressure chamber 46 increases, the length of the swirl chamber 38 increases, and as the length of the swirl chamber 38 increases, the spray angle decreases. In the fourth aspect of the invention, when the length of the vortex chamber 38 varies with respect to the pressure of the pressure chamber 46, the cylindrical member 40 is rotated with respect to the core body 12. As a result, the screwing position of the cylindrical member 40 in the core body 12 changes, and the distance between both ends of the compression coil spring 44 changes.
The urging force of the core body 12 toward the direction 8 changes. In this way, the length of the vortex chamber 38 for a predetermined hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber 46 is made equal. [Embodiments] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments of the drawings. FIGS. 2 and 3 show the variable spray angle nozzle 10 with the vortex chamber 38 having a small length and a large length, respectively.
FIG. The core body 12 has a connecting hole 14 formed with a threaded groove on the base end side, and an annular reservoir 16 is formed on the outer periphery of the distal end portion. The connection passage 18 is formed inside the core body 12 and guides a liquid such as a chemical solution from the connection hole 14 to the reservoir 16.
0 extends spirally at the tip of the core body 12 and communicates the reservoir 16 with the tip surface of the core body 12 . The guide body 22 has a flange portion 2 at the proximal end.
4, into which the core body 12 is fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction. The O-ring 26 is fitted into an annular groove on the inner periphery of the guide body 22, and is connected to the core body 12 and the guide body 22.
Maintain liquid tightness between the The annular packing 28 and the spout plate 30 are connected to the core body 12.
are applied to the distal end surface of the spout plate 30 in that order from the side closest to the core body 12, and a spout 32 is bored in the center of the spout plate 30. The cap 34 is screwed onto the tip of the guide body 22 such that the opening 36 exposes the spout plate 30;
The annular packing 28 and the spout plate 30 are tightened to the guide body 22. The vortex chamber 38 is formed between the tip surface of the core body 12 and the jet plate 30, and is represented by lengths L1 and L2 (L1<L2) in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. The cylindrical member 40 has an annular inner protruding edge 42 on the cap 34 side, and has a core body 1 on the proximal end side.
It is screwed onto the outer periphery of 2. Compression coil spring 44
is compressed between the flange portion 24 and the inner overhanging edge portion 42 so as to be fitted around the outer periphery of the guide body 22, and urges the core body 12 toward the swirl chamber 38. The annular oil chamber 46 is formed between the flange portion 24 of the guide body 22 and a stepped portion on the outer peripheral side of the base end portion of the core body 12. The flange portion 24 is slidable relative to the inner periphery of the cylindrical member 40 at the outer periphery, and
The ring 48 is fitted into an annular groove on the outer periphery of the flange portion 24 to seal the relative sliding portion between the flange portion 24 and the cylindrical member 40. Hydraulic piping 5
0 is connected at its end to the cylindrical member 40 so as to communicate with the annular oil chamber 46, and supplies oil 51 to the annular oil chamber 46. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a spraying device for spraying a chemical solution onto agricultural crops 52. A large number of agricultural crops 52 are planted in a field and require spraying of a chemical solution. The nozzle pipe 54 is attached to, for example, the boom of a beam sprayer, extends horizontally from side to side with respect to the traveling direction of the beam sprayer, and is located at a predetermined position higher than the agricultural products 52. The plurality of variable spray angle nozzles 10 are attached to the nozzle pipe 54 at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the nozzle pipe 54, and a chemical solution is sent from a pump (not shown) through the nozzle pipe 54, and the chemical solution is applied to agricultural crops. 52 and spray once. The hydraulic cylinder 56 has an oil chamber 58 connected to the other end of the hydraulic pipe 50, a piston 60 that increases or decreases the oil chamber 58, and a piston 60 at one end.
The piston rod 62 is fixed to the piston 60 and displaces integrally with the piston 60. Oil 51 is sealed in the oil chamber 58 and the hydraulic piping 50 together with the annular oil chamber 46 of the variable spray angle nozzle 10 . rack 64
is fixed to the other end of the piston rod 62 and meshes with the pinion 66. The pinion 66 is attached to the drive shaft of a servo motor 68 so as to rotate integrally therewith. The distance sensor 70 is arranged at approximately the same height as the nozzle pipe 54 and detects the distance to the crops 52, and its detection signal is sent to the control section 72. The manual operation section 74 includes a power switch 76 that enables the operation of the manual operation section 74, and a dial 78 that is rotated by the operator. Control unit 72
controls the direction and amount of rotation of the servo motor 68 based on input signals from the distance sensor 70 and the manual operation section 74. The operation of the embodiment will be explained. First, the operation of the variable spray angle nozzle 10 itself will be explained. The chemical liquid that is pressure-fed from a pump (not shown) is introduced into the variable spray angle nozzle 10 from the base end side of the core body 12, and is introduced into the variable spray angle nozzle 10 through the connecting passage 18. It is once accumulated in the reservoir 16 through the spiral hole 20 and enters the vortex chamber 38. The chemical liquid generates a vortex in the vortex chamber 38 and is ejected from the spout 32 of the spout plate 30 in the form of mist. The oil 51 is introduced into the annular oil chamber 46 , and the core body 12 absorbs the urging force of the compression coil spring 44 and the annular oil chamber 4 .
The vortex chamber 38 moves to a position where the acting force due to the pressure of the oil 51 at 6 is balanced, and the axial length of the vortex chamber 38 changes. The more the oil pressure in the vortex chamber 38 increases, the more the vortex chamber 3
As the length of 8 increases and the length of the swirl chamber 38 increases, the spray angle decreases. Note that the pressure of the chemical liquid in the vortex chamber 38 is
However, the urging force of the compression coil spring 44 is set to a large value so that the length of the vortex chamber 38 does not change due to the pressure of the chemical liquid in the vortex chamber 38. be. Furthermore, as the pressure of the chemical liquid in the vortex chamber 38 increases, the length of the vortex chamber 38 tends to increase, but this reduces the distance between both ends of the compression coil spring 44 and Since the biasing force is increased and the length of the vortex chamber 38 is reduced, an increase or decrease in the length of the vortex chamber 38 due to an increase or decrease in the pressure of the chemical solution in the vortex chamber 38 is suppressed. Oil 51 in the annular oil chamber 46 due to manufacturing errors etc.
The length of the vortex chamber 38 varies depending on the pressure. When the cylindrical member 40 is rotated relative to the core body 12, the screwing position of the cylindrical member 40 in the core body 12 changes, and the distance between both ends of the compression coil spring 44 changes. The urging force of the core body 12 toward the annular oil chamber 46 changes. In this way, by adjusting the load of the compression coil spring 44 by rotating the cylindrical member 40 with respect to the core body 12,
The length of the vortex chamber 38 for a predetermined oil pressure of the annular oil chamber 46 is made equal. The operation of the overall spraying device shown in FIG. 1 will be explained. When the power switch 76 of the manual operation section 74 is off, the control section 72 controls the servo motor 68 based on the input from the distance sensor 70. The distance sensor 70 measures the distance from the distance sensor 70 to the highest point of the crops 52, and therefore the height of the crops 52, and sends a detection signal to the control section 72. The control unit 72 calculates an appropriate spray angle for the height of the crops 52 at which the variable spray angle nozzle 10 is located based on the data input in advance and the detected value of the control unit 72, and adjusts the spray angle to the calculated value. A corresponding control signal is sent to the servo motor 68. As a result, the servo motor 68 rotates by a predetermined amount in a predetermined direction, the rack 64 is displaced by the pinion 66, and a predetermined pressure is generated in the oil 51 in the oil chamber 58. The oil pressure in the oil chamber 58 is sent to the variable spray angle nozzle 10 via the hydraulic piping 50, and the spray angle of the variable spray angle nozzle is adjusted. Generally, when the height of the crops 52 is high and the crops 52 have many branches and leaves, the blind spots of each part of the crops 52 increase when viewed from above, so the hydraulic pressure in the oil chamber 58 is reduced. Then, the spray angle of the variable spray angle nozzle 10 is increased. When the power switch 76 of the manual operation section 74 is on, the control section 72 controls the servo motor 68 based on the input from the manual operation section 74 . When the operator rotates the dial 78, the servo motor 68 rotates in a direction and amount corresponding to the direction and amount of rotation of the dial 78. As a result, the rack 64 is displaced by the pinion 66 to generate a predetermined oil pressure in the oil chamber 58, and the spray angle of the variable spray angle nozzle 10 is adjusted. The worker is
While observing the actual spray angle from the variable spray angle nozzle 10, when the desired spray angle is reached, the rotation operation of the dial 78 is stopped and the oil pressure is fixed at the current oil pressure. [Effects of the Invention] In the inventions of claims 1 and 2, since the spray angle of the variable spray angle nozzle is controlled according to the distance between the variable spray angle nozzle and the object to be sprayed, the situation such as the height of the object to be sprayed can be controlled. It is possible to obtain an appropriate spray angle depending on the situation, reduce blind spots of spray, and perform appropriate spraying. Further, in the inventions of claims 1 and 2, the spray angle of the variable spray angle nozzle can be changed without stopping the spraying during the spraying operation of the spray liquid, and objects to be sprayed of various heights can be changed. It becomes possible to change the spray angle at any time depending on the situation of each target material in the same field. In the first aspect of the invention, since the spray angle of the variable spray angle nozzle is automatically controlled based on the distance between the variable spray angle nozzle and the object to be sprayed, the spraying work is labor-saving and simplified. In the invention of claim 2, the operator controls the spray angle while checking the actual spray angle from the variable spray angle nozzle by manually changing the oil pressure, so that an accurate spray angle can be obtained. , the spray angle can be set to a spray angle other than the predetermined set spray angle. In the invention of claim 3, the length of the vortex chamber changes due to a change in the pressure of the pressure medium in the pressure chamber, and along with this,
The spray angle can be changed arbitrarily. Therefore, when there are many variable spray angle nozzles such as in a boom sprayer, it is possible to control the spray angle of all variable spray angle nozzles at once using the pressure of the pressure medium without operating each variable spray angle nozzle. It is advantageous to use the spray angle control method according to claims 1 and 2. In the fourth aspect of the present invention, by rotating the cylindrical member relative to the core body, the load of the compression coil spring is changed, and the amount of retraction of the core body relative to a predetermined pressure in the pressure chamber can be adjusted. As a result, the lengths of the vortex chambers at a predetermined pressure in the pressure chambers can be made equal despite variations due to manufacturing errors, etc., and the spray angle relative to the pressure in the pressure chambers can be made uniform.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings relate to an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is an overall view of a spraying device for spraying a chemical solution onto agricultural crops, and Figs. 2 and 3 show spray angles when the length of the vortex chamber is small and large, respectively. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a variable nozzle. 10... Variable spray angle nozzle, 12... Core body,
20... Through hole, 22... Guide body, 30... Spout plate,
32... Spout, 38... Vortex chamber, 40... Cylindrical member, 44... Compression coil spring (biasing member), 46
... Annular oil chamber (pressure chamber), 51 ... Oil (pressure medium), 52 ... Crops (spreading material), 74 ... Manual operation section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The distance between the variable spray angle nozzle 10 and the object 52 to be sprayed with the spray from the variable spray angle nozzle 10 is determined, and based on this measured distance, the variable angle nozzle 10 A spray angle control method characterized by controlling a spray angle of. 2. A spray angle control method characterized by providing a variable spray angle nozzle 10 whose spray angle can be changed by hydraulic pressure, and manually controlling the hydraulic pressure to adjust the spray angle of the variable spray angle nozzle 10. 3. A spout plate 30 having a spout 32 formed therein, a vortex chamber 38 formed adjacent to this spout plate 30, and a vortex chamber 38 that can move forward and backward toward this vortex chamber 38 through a through hole 20. Core body 12 that guides the spray liquid to 38
, a biasing member 44 that biases the core body 12 in the direction, and a pressure chamber 46 that is supplied with a pressure medium 51 and applies the pressure of the pressure medium 51 to the core body 12 in the retreating direction. A variable spray angle nozzle characterized by: 4 a guide body 22 that guides the advance and retreat of the core body 12 toward the vortex chamber 38; a cylindrical member 40 that is screwed onto the core body 12 and surrounds the outer peripheral side of the guide body 22; It is characterized by having a compression coil spring 44 as the biasing member 44 that is compressed between the guide body 22 and the cylindrical member 40 and biases the core body 12 in the forward direction. The variable spray angle nozzle according to claim 3.