JPH0562191B2 - - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent backlash noises by disposing a variable-speed transmission member with a cam section and an engaging section between a slider and a speed-increasing gear row and increasing the speed of travel of the slider at a position immediately before a door is closed. CONSTITUTION:When the opening operation of a door is released, a tooth section for an input shaft 3 is engaged with a rack section 11a for a slider 11 energized by a spring 12 and moved in the direction of the arrow (b), and the input shaft 3 is turned in the counterclockwise direction. A variable-speed transmission member 18 for a speed-increasing gear row 19 is rotated in the direction of the arrow (c), and a small-diameter gear 24 is revolved in the direction of the arrow (a) through double gears 23. A clutch means 22 is brought to the position of contact, and a worm wheel 25 turns and drives a worm shaft 20 at high speed. An arm section 21a is expanded and the inner circumferential surface of a cup section 21b is slid and contacted, and the revolution of the worm shaft 20 is braked and the rotation of the door is braked.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a door closer that automatically closes an open door, and specifically to a mechanical two-stage brake type door closer.

(Conventional technology) The most popular door closers are:
It is an oil type door closer. Conventional door closers switch between a plurality of oil passages with different cross-sectional areas so that the closing speed of the door is fast at the beginning of closing and slowed down just before the door is completely closed. In FIG. 8, the chain line indicates the relationship between the door opening angle and the closing speed of the oil-type door closer. For example, a door that opens to an opening angle of 90° will be subject to two-stage braking, so that it will close at a relatively high speed until the opening angle is around 20°, but at a lower speed when the opening angle is less than that. That is, when the opening angle of the door reaches a predetermined angle, the flow of oil in the oil passage is restricted and the closing speed is rapidly reduced.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In order to switch the oil passage, the conventional oil-type door closer has two main steps, as shown by the chain line in FIG.
The closing speed of the door changes rapidly with a large speed difference. By slowing down the speed just before the closing position, the problem of preventing fingers from getting caught has been solved, but because the difference in speed between the beginning of closing and the point just before closing is too large, There is a problem in that when the closing speed is significantly reduced, a rattling sound occurs at the door hinge. Further, the impact caused by the rattling of the door at this time creates a problem in that unnecessary stress is generated on the support structure of the door.

Therefore, it is conceivable to provide many oil passages to reduce the difference in closing speed, but this would result in an increase in the size of the door closer, and furthermore, it would not be possible to eliminate the gradual difference in speed. As a means of eliminating stepwise speed differences, providing a mechanical braking means and using a cam mechanism can achieve smooth closing speed changes, but there is also the problem that the door closing speed becomes monotonous. . Additionally, oil-type door closers have the problem of fluctuations in closing speed due to oil leaks and changes in temperature.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention aims to provide a two-stage braking type door closer that solves the problems of conventional door closers, and includes an input shaft that rotates in conjunction with opening and closing of the door, and an input shaft that rotates in conjunction with opening and closing of the door. A slider that linearly reciprocates in response to rotation of an input shaft; a biasing means that stores energy when the slider is moved in the door opening direction to bias the slider in the door closing direction; a speed increasing gear train for increasing the moving speed of the slider moved by the speed increasing means; a braking means connected to the speed increasing gear train for braking the rotation of the input shaft; a cam portion disposed between the speed gear train, abutting against an end of the slider and increasing the moving speed of the slider as the door approaches a closed position, and transmitting the increased speed to the speed increasing gear train; The cam part has an engaging part that is formed at a position closer to the center of rotation and engages with the pushing part of the slider at a position just before the closing position of the door, and a part of the engaging part is connected to the speed increasing gear train. It consists of a gear transmission member that is meshed with each other.

(Function) When the door is opened, the input shaft rotates and moves the slider in the door opening direction. When the slider moves, the biasing means is energized. When the action to open the door is released, the slider, which is biased by the biasing means and moves, rotates the input shaft and closes the door. The moving speed of the slider moving at this time is transmitted to the speed increasing gear train via the speed change transmission member, and actuates the braking means to brake the rotation of the input shaft, that is, the closing door. As the door approaches the completely closed position, the moving speed of the slider is increased by the cam part of the speed change transmission member and transmitted to the speed increasing gear train, increasing the braking force of the braking means to close the door. Gradually reduce the closing speed. When the door rotates to a position just before the closed position, the pushing part of the slider engages with the engaging part of the speed change transmission member, rapidly rotating the transmission member to further increase the speed increasing gear train. speed up,
To greatly reduce the closing speed of a door by increasing the braking force of a braking means.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated example.

Figure 1 shows an example of a door retractable type door closer, and the two-stage braking type door closer 1
The input shaft 3 is comprised of a frame 2, an input shaft 3 rotatably supported by the frame and having an end protruding from the frame, and each component to be described later. The frame 2 is stored and fixed in a storage portion formed at the upper end of the door D (see FIG. 2). on the other hand,
A U-shaped guide rail 4 is fixed to a door frame (not shown). Guide rail 4
The slider 5 is pivotally connected to one end of the arm 5.
a is slidably fitted. The other end 5b of the arm 5 has a square hole 5c formed therein connected to the protruding end of the input shaft 3.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the frame 2 consists of a frame 2a and a frame 2b which are superimposed on each other. An input shaft 3 rotatably supported by bearings 9, 9 fixed to the frame is disposed approximately in the center of the frame 2. Ends 3a and 3b of the input shaft 3 protruding from the frame are formed into square shafts, and a square hole 5c of the arm 5 (see FIG. 1) is engaged with the end 3a. Input shaft 3 has
A toothed portion 3c and a cylindrical portion 3d having a diameter substantially equal to the tip circle of this toothed portion are formed.

A slider 11 is slidably provided on the frame 2. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the slider 11 includes a rack portion 11a that meshes with the teeth 3c of the input shaft, a cam portion 11b that abuts against a speed change transmission member (described later), and a spring. A non-slip portion 11c that engages with the cylindrical portion 3d of the input shaft at the completed position (FIG. 3) and a pushing portion 11d that engages and disengages from the engaging portion of the speed change transmission member are formed. A spring seat 11e that receives one end 12a of the spring 12 is fixed to the end of the slider 11 opposite to the cam portion 11b.

The spring 12 as a biasing means has two upper and lower parts.
The other ends 12b, 12b are supported by a receiving plate 14. Receiver plate 14
is a stay 1 fixed to frame 2 at both ends.
Supported by 5. Spring 12,1
2 is stored in the frame pre-compressed enough to engage the door latch.

Inside the frame 2, there is a cam portion 1 of the slider 11.
1b, a gear transmission member 18 formed with a cam portion 18a that abuts against the slider 1b, a tooth portion 18b, and an engaging portion 18c that engages and disengages from the pushing portion 11d of the slider, and a speed increasing gear train 19 that increases the moving speed of the slider. A worm shaft 20 that meshes with the final stage of the speed increasing gear train 19, a braking means 21 provided on the worm, and a clutch means 22 that transmits movement of the slider 11 in only one direction to the braking means 21 are housed. ing.

The speed increasing gear train 19 is connected to the tooth portion 1 of the speed change transmission member 18.
8b, a two-stage gear 23, a small diameter gear 24, and a worm wheel 25. These gear trains are supported by support shafts 26, 2, which are arranged horizontally and have both ends caulked to the frame 2.
It is rotatably supported by 7 and 28.

A return lever 29 (shown only in FIG. 3) is integrally provided on one end surface of the speed change transmission member 18. This lever 29 has its tip 29a engaged with a pin 30 fixed to the slider 11, and the slider 11 when the door is opened, which will be described later.
The speed change transmitting member 18 is rotated clockwise (in FIG. 4) following the movement of. Note that instead of the return lever 29, the speed change transmission member 18 may be biased by a spring. The cam portion 18a abuts against the cam portion 11b of the slider 11 that reciprocates linearly, and the point of abutment changes depending on the rotational position of the speed change transmission member 18. As shown in FIG. 4, when the door is open, the abutment point between the cam portion 18a of the speed change transmission member and the cam portion 11b of the slider is located at the support shaft 26, which is the rotation center of the speed change transmission member.
It is located at a position P1 far from the Door omitted from closed position
When in the 20° open position (see reference numeral DB in Fig. 2), the meeting point of both cam parts 18a, 11b is at position P2, which is close to the rotation center of the speed change transmission member, as shown in Fig. 5. . When the door rotates to the open position below the position DB immediately before the closed position, the pushing part 11d of the slider 11 engages the engaging part 1 of the speed change transmission member.
8c to push and rotate the transmission member 18.

When the door is in the closed position (see reference numeral D in FIG. 2), the pushing part 11d and the engaging part 18
c is engaged, and both cam portions 18a and 11b are
As shown in FIG. 7, they are spaced apart from each other. That is, the abutting point of the cam parts 11b and 11a approaches the support shaft 26 as the opening angle of the door becomes smaller. In other words, the rotational speed of the speed change transmission member 18 becomes gradually faster as the abutment point of both cam parts approaches the support shaft 26, and when the door is closed to a position just before the closing position, the pushing part 1
1d engages with the engaging portion 18c, and the gear transmission member 18
will be rotated at an even higher speed.

The two-stage gear 23 is a toothed portion 18 of the speed change transmission member 18.
A small diameter gear 23a meshing with b and a large diameter tooth portion 23b
It is a speed increasing gear consisting of. A tooth portion 24a of a small-diameter gear 24 meshes with the large-diameter tooth portion 23b.

The small diameter gear 24 and the worm wheel 25 constitute clutch means. A sleeve 24b is formed on the small diameter gear 24 and locks one end 31a of a coil spring 31 wound around the sleeve 24b. The worm wheel 25 has teeth 25b formed on the outer peripheral surface of a sleeve 25a surrounding the sleeve 24b. The coil spring 31 is given an expanding tendency to come into pressure contact with the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 25a, and its free end 31b is free with respect to the sleeve 25a. When the small diameter gear 24 rotates in the direction of arrow a, the coil spring 31
By being tightly wound, the rotation of the sleeve 24b is not transmitted to the sleeve 25a. Small diameter gear 24
When rotates in the opposite direction to arrow a, at this time,
As the coil spring 31 expands, the sleeve 24b
The rotation is transmitted to the sleeve 25a, that is, the worm wheel 25. Therefore, the speed change transmission member 18
The rotation is increased in speed and transmitted to the worm wheel 25. It should be noted that the clutch means is not limited to the illustrated example, and other types of clutches that provide the above-mentioned effects may be employed.

The braking means 21 includes a worm shaft 20 that is rotatably supported by bearing members 32 and 33 fixed to a frame, and is press-fitted onto this shaft, and when the shaft is rotated at high speed, elasticity is generated in the circumferential direction. A friction member 21a that deforms and expands, and surrounding the friction member,
The expanded friction member is comprised of a braking cup 21b that slides against the inner circumferential wall of the friction member and applies a brake to the rotation of the worm shaft. Although other types of governor mechanisms, such as a wind blowing type or an eddy current type, may be used as the braking means, a worm shaft is used as the rotation center axis.

Now, the operation of the embodiment configured as above will be explained.

The door closer shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is shown in a state where the door is opened approximately 90 degrees, as indicated by the symbol DA in FIG. In this state, the slider 11 is rotated by the toothed portion 3c of the input shaft 3 against the elasticity of the spring 12, and its non-slip portion 11c is opposed to the cylindrical portion 3d. In this state, the spring 12 is biased and urges the slider 11 in the door closing direction b. Also, at this time, the cam portion 1 of the speed change transmission member 18
8a is rotated by a return lever 29, so that its cam portion 18a faces the cam portion 11b of the slider 11.

Now, as shown in Figure 2, the door is opened approximately 90 degrees.
When the opening operation for DA is canceled, input shaft 3
is biased by spring 12 and arrow b
The rack part 11 of the slider 11 moves in the direction of
The tooth portion 3c is engaged with the tooth portion a and rotated counterclockwise. Rotation of the input shaft 3, via the arm 5 (see FIG. 1), pivots the door towards the closed position indicated by D in FIG.

When the slider 11 moves in the door closing direction,
The speed change transmission member 18, of which the cam portion 18a is brought into contact with the cam portion 11b, is rotated in the direction of arrow c. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rotation of the speed change transmission member 18 is transmitted to the small diameter gear 24 via the two-stage gear 23, which is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow a in FIG. 4. . When the small-diameter gear 24 rotates, the sleeve 24b of the small-diameter gear 24 engages the coil spring 3.
1 is expanded and the sleeve 25a integrated with the worm wheel 25 is rotated at high speed. That is, when the door is closed, the clutch means 22 comes into contact and the worm wheel 25 rotates the worm shaft 20 at a high speed. When the worm shaft 20 rotates at high speed, the friction member 21a expands due to centrifugal force and rubs against the inner peripheral surface of the braking cup 21b, thereby applying a brake to the rotation of the worm shaft 20. When the rotation of the worm shaft is braked, the speed increasing gear train 19 that drives the worm shaft is braked, and the rotation of the input shaft 3 that meshes with the slider 11 is braked. . Applying a brake to the input shaft 3 means that a brake is applied to the rotation of the door that is rotating in the closing direction. The braking of the braking means 21 is released when the rotation of the worm shaft 20 decreases and the friction member 21a no longer rubs against the braking cup 21b. Therefore, when the rotation of the worm shaft increases, the braking action is started, and when the rotation decreases, the braking action is released.

According to the two-stage braking type door closer of the present invention, the closing speed of the door changes continuously as shown by the solid line in FIG. The closing speed of the door, that is, the rotational speed of the input shaft 3 is determined by the moving speed of the slider 11. As shown in FIG. 4, when the door is opened approximately 90 degrees, the cam portion 11b of the slider and the cam portion 18a of the speed change transmission member 18 abut each other at a position P1 far from the support shaft 26. Also, as shown in Figure 5, the opening angle of the door is
The meeting point of both cams when closed to about 20 degrees is
It is located at a position P2 close to the support shaft 26. Slider 1
As already mentioned, when door 1 moves in the door closing direction, braking is applied, but when the door closes from an opening angle of 90° to 20°, the closing speed is as shown in Figure 8. , it descends at a relatively gentle slope and maintains a high speed. The point of contact between the cam portion 11b of the slider 11 and the cam portion 18a of the speed change transmission member 18 approaches the rotation center of the speed change transmission member as the opening angle of the door becomes smaller. The rotation angle of the member 18 gradually increases. And the symbol in Figure 2
When the door is closed to a position just before the closed position, as shown by DB, the slider 11 and the speed change transmission member 18 are placed in relative positions as shown in FIG. That is, the pushing part 11 of the slider 11
d engages with an engaging portion 18c formed closer to the rotation center axis of the speed change transmission member 18 than the cam portion 18a. Therefore, when the door rotates from the DB position to the closed position D, the speed change transmission member 18
Since it is pushed and rotated by the pushing portion 18d of the slider that moves linearly, its rotational speed changes rapidly, causing the speed change transmission member 18 to rotate at an increased speed. Therefore, the rotation of the speed change transmission member 18 whose rotational speed has been increased is further increased in speed and transmitted to the worm shaft 20 via the speed increasing gear train 19. When the rotational speed of the worm shaft increases, the braking means 21
Since the period for the braking action of is shortened, the speed increasing gear train 1
9. A large braking force acts on the rotation of the speed change transmission member 18, that is, the movement of the slider 11, reducing the moving speed of the slider. Therefore, the rack part 1
A large braking force acts on the input shaft 3 meshing with the input shaft 1a, making the door closing speed slow. That is, in Figure 2,
When the door rotates from the open position DB with an opening angle of 20 degrees to the closed position D, the moving speed of the slider 11 becomes slow, so that the closing speed becomes slow. The solid line shown in FIG. 8 represents the relationship between the opening position and the closing speed of the door according to the present invention. After rapidly decreasing around °, the velocity has slowed down. The solid line shown in FIG. 8 only shows one model, and the shape of the cam portion 18a of the speed change transmission member 18 and the engagement timing of the engaging portion 18c and the pushing portion 11d may be modified as appropriate. Therefore, a desired speed can be set according to the opening angle.

Figures 6 and 7 show the speed change transmission member 1 in a state where the door is completely closed (see reference numeral D in Figure 2).
8 and the relative position of the slider 11. In this state, when the door is opened, the input shaft 3 rotates in the direction of the arrow, moves the slider 11 engaged with the teeth 3c to the right in the figure, and stores the spring 12. When the slider 11 moves, the return lever 29 (FIG. 3) that is engaged with the pin 30 follows and rotates, and the speed change transmission member 1
Rotate 8 clockwise. The rotation of the speed change transmission member 18 rotates the speed increasing gear train 19,
Rotation in this direction is not transmitted to the worm wheel 25 by tightening the coil spring 31 (see FIG. 3) of the clutch means 22. Then,
The braking means 21 is not activated when the door is opened.

In Figure 3, which shows the door opened approximately 90 degrees,
The slider 11 is in the position where the spring 12 is loaded, and its non-slip portion 11c is opposed to the cylindrical portion 3d of the input shaft. In this case, the slider 11, which is biased by the spring 12, is prevented from moving by the rack part 11a engaging with the columnar part 3d, so that the input shaft 3 cannot be rotated. , the action of closing the door is prevented. Therefore, even if the input shaft 3 is rotated any further, in other words, even if the door is opened by more than 90 degrees, the slider 11 will no longer move. As shown by the symbol DC in Figure 2, when the door is opened more than 90 degrees,
The input shaft 3 is connected to the non-slip portion 11c of the slider 11.
Since each section rotates independently, the door can be stopped at any open position. In order to close the door DC placed at any position with an opening angle of 90° or more in FIG. 2, the door is rotated to the position indicated by the symbol DA. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the rack part 11a of the slider and the tooth part 3c of the input shaft 3 engage, so that the slider 11, which is biased by the spring 12, inputs the input in the direction to close the door. The shaft 3 will be rotated.

In the illustrated embodiment, the opening angle of the door at which the door automatically closes is set to 90 degrees, and sudden braking is started. Although the opening angle has been described as 20 degrees at the position just before the fully closed position of the door, the present invention is of course not limited to this angle of 20 degrees.
Further, although the illustrated embodiment is a door closer built into the door, the present invention may also be an external door closer fixed to the surface of the door.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the two-stage braking type door closer of the present invention, a speed change transmission member having a cam portion and an engaging portion is disposed between the slider and the speed increasing gear train, Since the moving speed of the slider is increased at a position just before the door closes and is transmitted to the braking means, the closing speed of the door changes smoothly in two steps. Therefore, no rattling noise is generated at the hinge portion of the door, and no unnecessary impact is generated on the door support structure.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an external perspective view of a two-stage braking type door closer showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a plurality of opening positions of the door, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the invention. A plan sectional view of the two-stage braking type door closer in the door open position, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same as above,
Figure 5 is a side view showing the positional relationship between the slider and the speed change transmission member just before the door closes;
The figure is a plan view showing the relative position of the slider and the input shaft when the door is closed, Figure 7 is a front view of Figure 6, and Figure 8 is the relationship between the door opening position and its closing speed. It is a line diagram. 1...Door closer, 3...Input shaft, 11...
...Slider, 11d...Pushing part, 12...Biasing means, 18...Speed transmission member, 18a...Cam part, 18c...Engaging part, 19...Speed-up gear train, 2
0... Worm shaft, 21... Braking means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An input shaft that rotates in conjunction with the opening and closing of the door; a slider that linearly reciprocates following the rotation of the input shaft; and when the slider is moved in the door opening direction. a biasing means that stores energy and biases the slider in the door closing direction; a speed increasing gear train that increases the moving speed of the slider moved by the biasing means; a braking means coupled to the input shaft for braking the rotation of the input shaft; and a braking means disposed between the slider and the speed-increasing gear train;
a cam part that abuts against the end of the slider and increases the moving speed of the slider as the door approaches the closed position and transmits the speed to the speed-increasing gear train; a speed change transmission member having an engaging portion formed close to the door and engaging with the pushing portion of the slider at a position immediately before the closed position of the door, and having a portion thereof meshed with the speed increasing gear train; A two-stage braking door closer.