JPH0563688B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a ventilation fan that detects the humidity of a bathroom or the like using a condensation sensor and controls the operation of the ventilation fan depending on whether or not humidity is detected to be higher than the set humidity of the dew condensation sensor. The invention relates to an automatic driving device.

[Prior Art] Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional automatic operation device for a ventilation fan disclosed in, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-156134. In the figure, 1 is a DC power supply, 2 is a dew condensation sensor, As shown in the characteristic diagram of FIG. 6, this dew condensation sensor 2 has a low resistance value in areas with low relative humidity.
It has the characteristic that the resistance value increases significantly when the relative humidity becomes 90% or higher. 3 is a comparator IC,
4 is a transistor, 5 is a relay coil, and turns the relay contact 6 ON and OFF. 7 to 13 are resistors, 14 is a ventilation fan, 15 is an AC power supply, 16,1
7 and 18 are the contacts of the see-saw switch with the middle point OFF, 17 is the contact during automatic operation, and 18
indicates the contact points during manual operation. 19 is a diode.

Next, the operation in FIG. 5 will be explained.
First, if the seesaw switch 16 is connected to the contact 18 and is in the manual operating state, the AC power source 15 is directly supplied to the ventilation fan 14 and the operating state is entered, regardless of the operation of the dew condensation sensor 2 due to humidity.
Further, when the seesaw switch 16 is at the midpoint OFF point, the AC power source 15 is not supplied to the ventilation fan 14, and the operation is in a stopped state.

Next, a case will be described in which the seesaw switch 16 is connected to the contact 17 and is in an automatic operation state.

When the humidity in the bathroom is low, the resistance value of the condensation sensor 2 is low, and the non-inverting input voltage of the comparator IC3, which is determined by the condensation sensor 2, resistors 7 and 10, and the DC power supply 1, is The output of comparator IC3 is “Low” because it is lower than the inverted input voltage of comparator IC3 determined by
It is. Therefore, the transistor 4 remains OFF, no current flows through the relay coil 5, the relay contact 6 is OFF, and the AC power source 15 is not supplied to the ventilation fan 14, so that the operation is stopped.

However, the humidity in the bathroom became high and the condensation sensor 2
As the resistance increases, the non-inverting input voltage of comparator IC3 increases, and when this non-inverting input voltage exceeds the inverting input voltage set by resistors 8 and 9,
The output of comparator IC3 becomes "High". As a result, transistor 4 is turned on via resistors 11, 12, and 13, current flows through relay coil 5, and relay contact 6 is turned on. Therefore, the AC power source 15 is supplied to the ventilation fan 14 via the seesaw switch 16, the contact 17, and the relay contact 6.
is in operation state. At this time, comparator IC3
At the same time, the output of the comparator IC3 becomes "High" and the non-inverting input voltage of the comparator IC3 is raised by a certain voltage through the resistor 10.
This prevents the output of the IC3 from chattering and provides hysteresis to the set humidity when the ventilation fan is turned on and off.

On the other hand, when the ventilation fan 14 is operated and the humidity in the bathroom decreases, the resistance value of the dew condensation sensor 2 decreases, but due to the effect of the hysteresis resistor 10,
When the humidity becomes lower than the set humidity when the ventilation fan 14 is switched from stop to operation, the output of the comparator IC3 is reversed again, and the operation of the ventilation fan 14 is stopped.

When the humidity in the bathroom increases like this, the ventilation fan 14
The ventilation fan 14 is operated, and when the humidity becomes low, the operation of the ventilation fan 14 is stopped, and the operation and stop are automatically repeated.
Note that the diode 19 is for absorbing the back electromotive force of the relay coil 5.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional automatic operation device for ventilation fans as described above, operation and stop are repeated automatically depending on whether or not humidity is detected to be higher than the set humidity of the condensation sensor 2. can be lowered, but the midpoint
Problems include the need to use a special switch such as a seesaw switch with an OFF function, and the need to embed 5 power wires into the wall etc. to connect the switch and the device, which may result in incorrect wiring. The dot was hot.

This invention was made to solve this problem, and it can sufficiently dry the walls of bathrooms, etc., and can be operated manually, automatically, and stopped using a general ON-OFF switch. The purpose is to obtain an automatic operation device for a ventilation fan that can be operated automatically.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The automatic operation device for a ventilation fan according to the present invention includes a switch that opens and closes an electric circuit, and a sensor that detects humidity at the start of energization of the electric circuit, whether or not humidity is detected to be higher than a predetermined humidity. a forced operation means for operating the ventilation fan for a predetermined period of time regardless of the condition; a forced operation canceling means for canceling the forced operation means by detecting an opening/closing operation of the switch within a short predetermined period of time; Alternatively, the ventilation fan may be provided with an operation control means for starting or stopping the operation of the ventilation fan in response to detection or non-detection of a humidity equal to or higher than a set humidity of the sensor after the forced operation is canceled by the forced release means.

[Function] In this invention, when the power switch is turned ON-
If you turn it off slowly, you can perform manual operation that forces the ventilation fan to operate for a predetermined period of time, and if you turn the power switch on and off quickly, you can perform automatic operation that operates depending on whether or not the sensor detects it.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which a ventilation fan control circuit 20 that controls ON/OFF operation of the ventilation fan is configured such that, for example, when the power supply is first energized,
The ventilation fan is controlled to be forcedly operated for 180 minutes by the forced operation means 23. Further, even during forced operation, the forced operation canceling means 59 cancels the forced operation by detecting a short predetermined period of de-energization (for example, 0.1 to 0.5 seconds) caused by a quick opening/closing operation of the power switch. After forced operation, a condensation detection signal from which the condensation sensor detects the set humidity, for example 90% or higher, is sent from the condensation sensor input circuit 21 to the condensation detection time difference calculation means 24 as a condensation detection time measuring means when the ventilation fan is stopped, and to the condensation detection time difference calculation means 24 as a condensation detection time measurement means when the ventilation fan is in operation. It is input to the driving time calculation means 25. The condensation detection time difference calculating means 24 calculates the difference between the condensation detection time when the ventilation fan is stopped and the time when no condensation is detected, and when the difference reaches a predetermined value, for example 15 seconds, the operation start means 2
6, the ventilation fan control circuit 20 is controlled to start the operation of the ventilation fan. The operation time calculation means 25 multiplies the dew condensation detection time during ventilation fan operation by x times, for example, 25 times, and sets the value to a lower limit value, for example, 30 minutes if it is less than 30 minutes, and to an upper limit value, for example, 180 minutes if it is more than 180 minutes. The ventilation fan control circuit 20 is controlled by the operation stop means 27 so that the ventilation fan is stopped when the actual operation time of the ventilation fan reaches the calculated operation time. Note that here, the operation start means 26 and the operation stop means 27 constitute an operation control means. Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the electric circuit in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, in which 14 and 15 are the ventilation fan and AC power supply similar to the conventional example shown in Fig. 5, and 2 in Fig. 2 detects humidity. A dew condensation sensor is an example of a sensor that does this. 20 is the ventilation fan control circuit shown in Fig. 1, which includes a diode bridge DB, resistors R ₁ , R ₂ ,
It is composed of R ₃ , capacitor C ₁ and thyristor SCR. 21 is the dew condensation sensor input circuit similarly shown in FIG. 1, which includes the dew condensation sensor 2, resistors R ₄ , R ₅ ,
Diode D ₁ , capacitor C ₂ and transistor
The detected humidity is determined by the constant of _the resistor R ₅ and the characteristics of the dew condensation sensor 2. 28
is a power switch, 29 is a power supply circuit, and resistor R ₆ ,
R ₇ , R ₈ , diode D ₂ , D ₃ , capacitor C ₃ ,
C ₄ , a constant voltage diode ZD, a transistor Q ₂ and a surge absorber SA, this power supply circuit 29 is configured to supply power to a microcomputer 32 to be described later even if the AC power is not energized for about 1 second. ing. 30 is a power frequency input circuit, which is composed of resistors R ₉ , R ₁₀ , and a diode D ₄ ; 31 is a reset circuit, which includes resistors R ₁₁ , R ₁₂ ,
It consists of R ₁₃ , capacitor C ₅ , and transistor Q ₃ . 32 is a microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as microcomputer) for executing each of the means 22 to 27 and the forced operation canceling means 59 shown in FIG.
_R14 and the built-in capacitor generate the system clock.

Next, its operation will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the ventilation fan control program stored in the memory of the microcomputer 32, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the dew condensation detection time by the operating time calculating means 25 and the calculated ventilation fan operating time.

First, when the power switch 28 is turned on, the AC power supply 15 is connected to the device, the power supply circuit 29 supplies DC power to the microcomputer 32, and the output of the reset circuit 31 changes from L (Low) to H (High). , the operation of the microcomputer 32 starts.
The microcomputer 32 first uses the built-in
Perform initial settings for RAM, input/output ports, etc. Next, in step 57, it is determined whether the non-energized state has continued for 0.1 seconds or more, and if it has continued for 0.1 seconds or more, T1 is set to 0 seconds in step 58, and steps 42, 43, 44, 45, and 46 are performed. Proceed in this order and turn off the SCR in step 46.
to terminate the forced operation (forced operation cancellation means 5
9). At this time, being in a non-energized state means that the rise of the power supply frequency cannot be detected. In step 34, the power frequency input circuit 30
Detects the rise of the power frequency input from
The process proceeds to the next step only when a rising edge is detected, and in other cases a loop is formed until the next rising edge is detected. That is, one loop of processing is performed every cycle of the power supply frequency (in this embodiment, 1/55 seconds is used to share 50 Hz and 60 Hz). When the rise of the power supply frequency is detected, switch 28 turns on.
The process proceeds from step 35 to step 36 for 6 seconds after the dew condensation sensor input circuit 21 is reached, and when there is no condensation detection signal from the condensation sensor input circuit 21 to test the condensation sensor 2, the process proceeds to step 37, where the ventilation fan control circuit 20
The SCR is turned on, and if there is a dew condensation detection signal, the process proceeds to step 38, where the SCR is turned off (dew condensation sensor test means 22). This is to make it easier to test the dew condensation sensor 2 when producing the device, as it is programmed to perform forced operation for 180 minutes when the power is first turned on, as described below. If this is not done, the test of the condensation sensor 2 will only be possible after 180 minutes of operation. After 6 seconds for the sensor test have elapsed, the process proceeds from step 35 to step 39, and in order to perform forced operation for 180 minutes (forced operation means 23) when the power is first turned on, the microcomputer is activated in step 40 only at the initial stage. The ventilation fan operating time T1 set in step 32 is set to 180 minutes, and the SCR is turned on in step 41. By performing forced operation for 180 minutes when the power is first turned on, manual operation can be performed like a normal ventilation fan by simply operating the power switch 28, and after 180 minutes of forced operation, automatic operation is activated by the condensation sensor 2. Switch to . During this forced operation, if the condensation sensor 2 detects a non-condensing state, the process proceeds from steps 42 and 43 to step 44, and the ventilation fan operating time T1 set to 180 minutes is subtracted by 1/55 seconds every time one loop passes. When the ventilation fan operating time, that is, the ON time T1 of the SCR, exceeds 180 minutes, T1 becomes 0 or less, and the process proceeds from step 45 to step 46, where the SCR is turned off and the ventilation fan 14 is turned off. make it stop. If the condensation sensor input circuit 21 determines that condensation has occurred after the ventilation fan is stopped, step 47
Proceeding to step 48, the condensation detection time difference T2 set in the microcomputer 32 is changed from 0 to 1.
Add 1/55 seconds each time the loop passes T2←T2+1/55
The dew condensation detection time when the ventilation fan is stopped is measured, and if the condensation state disappears before it reaches 15 seconds, the process returns from step 50 and step 53 to step 57, and from step 47 of the next loop. Proceed to step 49 and subtract 1/55 seconds from the previously detected dew condensation detection time T2 every time one loop passes T2←
Process T2 − 1/55 seconds. That is, the difference between the dew condensation detection time and the dew condensation non-detection time when the ventilation fan is stopped is calculated (condensation detection time difference calculation means 24), and this difference
When T2 exceeds 15 seconds, the process advances from step 50 to step 51, where SCR is turned ON and step 52
Clear T2 to 0 (operation start means 26).

On the other hand, if T2 becomes 0 or less before reaching 15 seconds, the process proceeds from step 53 to step 54 and T2 is cleared to 0. The above dew condensation detection time difference calculation means 24
is effective for stabilizing the time from when the ventilation fan is next operated until the dew condensation sensor becomes non-detecting state. In other words, even if the dew condensation sensor detects a dew condensation state, it will not reach a stable dew condensation detection state unless it is left in the high humidity atmosphere for a while. Therefore, if a ventilation fan is operated and the atmosphere near the dew sensor changes after dew condensation is detected and before the dew condensation sensor has stabilized, the time until the condensation sensor becomes stable even though the indoor humidity does not decrease. Instead, it changes due to variations in the start-up time of the ventilation fan motor, etc. To prevent this, as mentioned above, there is a 15 second dew detection time difference from dew condensation detection.
If the ventilation fan is started to operate after T2, the condensation detection state of the dew condensation sensor will be stabilized, and the dew condensation detection time during the ventilation fan operation will be a correct and stable time according to the indoor humidity, and the next operation time calculation means 25 The stable time is calculated at . Moreover, compared to a method that simply detects continuous dew condensation detection time, there is an advantage that even when the dew condensation sensor 2 is chattering, the time spent in the dew condensation detection state can be measured. That is, if the SCR is turned on when the continuous dew condensation detection time is detected to be 15 seconds, the SCR will not be turned on no matter what time of day if chattering is repeated for a detection time of 15 seconds or less. When T2 > 15 and the SCR turns ON, the process proceeds from step 42 to step 43, and only when the condensation sensor 2 is in a condensed state, proceeds to step 55, where x/55 seconds are added to T1 every loop from 0 to T1←T1+x/ The process takes 55 seconds.
As a result of this process, if T1 is less than 30 minutes, the minimum time is corrected to 30 minutes, and if it is 180 minutes or more, the maximum time is corrected to 180 minutes (step 56).
5). As a result of various experiments using a bathroom ventilation fan, the optimum value of x was determined to be 25.

The functional relationship between the dew condensation detection time and the calculated ventilation fan operating time at this time is shown in FIG. In step 44, T1 calculated through such processing is reduced by 1/55 seconds for each loop, that is, the actual operating time of the ventilation fan, so that the condensation sensor is in the non-detecting state of condensation.
If T1 becomes 0 or less, proceed from step 45 to step 46.
The SCR is turned off (operation stop means 27).

In the above explanation, the power supply frequency is used as the reference clock, and one cycle time is assumed to be 1/55 seconds.
This ensures that the time error is minimized whether the power supply frequency is 50Hz or 60Hz. However, no matter which area it is used in, the time will not be accurate, but this degree of error will not have a major effect on either usability or wall drying. Of course, it is obvious that 1/60 second or 1/50 second may be selected exclusively for each area.

In addition, the forced operation time in the above example was 180 minutes,
The maximum operating time of the ventilation fan is 180 minutes and the minimum is 30 minutes, the value of the proportionality constant x, etc. are merely examples, and may be changed as appropriate depending on the capacity of the ventilation fan actually used.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention includes a switch that opens and closes an electric circuit, and a forced operation means that operates a ventilation fan for a predetermined period of time regardless of whether or not a sensor detects a humidity higher than a predetermined humidity when electricity is started to be applied to the electric circuit. a forced operation canceling means for canceling the forced operation means by detecting the opening/closing operation of the switch within a short predetermined period of time; and a sensor for canceling the forced operation after a predetermined period of time has elapsed by the forced operation means or after the forced operation is canceled by the forced operation means. Since the ventilation fan is equipped with an operation control means that starts and stops the operation of the ventilation fan according to the detection/non-detection of a humidity higher than the set humidity, it is possible to manually start and stop the ventilation fan by using the power switch during forced operation, and after the forced operation ends or after forced operation. Even when driving, you can switch to automatic operation by quickly opening and closing the power switch, so it can be switched to automatic operation.
It is possible to use an OFF switch, only requires two wires, which has the effect of preventing incorrect wiring, and
Automatic operation based on the presence or absence of sensor detection allows for sufficient drying of walls in bathrooms, etc., and also has the effect of preventing mold growth and damage.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an electric circuit in the embodiment, Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing its operation, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of its operation. , FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional automatic operation device for a ventilation fan, and FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram of a dew condensation sensor. In addition, the same reference numerals in each figure indicate the same or equivalent parts, 2 is a dew condensation sensor, 14 is a ventilation fan, 20 is a ventilation fan control circuit, 21 is a dew condensation sensor input circuit, 23
24 is a forced operation means, 24 is a dew condensation detection time difference calculation means, 25 is an operation time calculation means, 26 is an operation start means, 27 is an operation stop means, 28 is a power switch,
29 is a power supply circuit, 30 is a power supply frequency input circuit, 3
2 is a microcomputer, and 59 is a forced operation canceling means.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A ventilation fan that is provided with a sensor 2 for detecting humidity in an electric circuit that operates a ventilation fan installed in a bathroom, etc., and that controls the operation of the ventilation fan depending on whether or not the sensor 2 detects a humidity higher than a set humidity. In the automatic driving device, a switch 28 that opens and closes the electric circuit;
A forced operation means 23 operates the ventilation fan for a predetermined period of time regardless of whether or not the sensor 2 detects a humidity higher than a predetermined humidity when electricity is started to be supplied to the electric circuit; A forced operation canceling means 59 for canceling the forced operation means, and a forced operation canceling means 59 that controls the ventilation fan according to the detection or non-detection of a humidity higher than the set humidity of the sensor 2 after a predetermined time has elapsed by the forced operation means 23 or after the forced operation is canceled by the forced operation canceling means. An automatic operation device for a ventilation fan, characterized by comprising an operation control means for starting and stopping operation. 2. The ventilation fan according to claim 1, wherein the operation control means is a means for stopping the ventilation fan after a period of time corresponding to the detection time of the humidity equal to or higher than the set value of the sensor 2 during operation of the ventilation fan after the start of operation of the ventilation fan. Automatic driving device. 3 The above operation control means is the dew condensation detection time measuring means 2.
4 and an operation time calculation means 25, and the time measurement by the dew condensation detection time measurement means 24 and the operation time calculation means 25 is performed based on the cycle of the power supply frequency. Device.