JPH0566455A - Shutter device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] In this servo drive type shutter device, the shutter blade is controlled by detecting the momentary position of the shutter blade, but the sensitivity of the position detector changes with the ambient temperature and changes with time. It has been a problem that it fluctuates due to factors such as individual differences between individual position detectors and the like. The present invention provides a novel servo drive type shutter device having a function capable of compensating for such sensitivity fluctuation of the position detector. An automatic calibration means for automatically calibrating the sensitivity of a position detector prior to a shutter operation is provided. The automatic calibration of the position detector is configured to be performed when the photographing operation of the camera or the like is stopped, when the release operation is performed, or when the power of the camera or the like is turned on. [Effect] Since the sensitivity of the shutter blade position detector is always automatically calibrated, even if there is a change in ambient temperature, a change with time of the detector, or individual differences of individual position detectors, it is affected by it. Accurate position detection can be performed without fail, and accurate exposure can always be performed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shutter device mounted on an optical device such as a camera, and more particularly to a shutter device capable of operating more precisely than a conventional shutter device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among conventional shutters (also referred to as "lens shutters") mounted on compact cameras, lens shutters mounted on particularly high-end compact cameras have a structure as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 4, two shutter blades 31a and 31b are rotatably supported around shafts 32a and 32b, respectively, and elongated holes 33a and 33b (oblong holes) provided in the respective shutter blades 31a and 31b. 33b is hidden by the shutter blade 31a and cannot be seen), and the protruding shaft 34 provided on the lever 34 is fitted therein. The lever 33 is attached to the actuator 35, and the actuator 35, the lever 33, and the protruding shaft 34 constitute a driving means.

Since the actuator 35 is a moving coil type and can rotate in the direction of arrow 36, the protruding shaft 34 rotates in the direction of arrow 37 via the lever 33, and the shutter blade 31 moves.
a and 31b are long holes 33a into which the protruding shaft 34 is inserted,
33b drives in the directions of arrows 38a and 38b,
The light flux in the optical axis direction 39 is limited. Also, the shutter blade 3
A position display unit 310 is provided in 1b, and a plurality of slits 31 are provided in the position display unit 310. The photo interrupter 312 is the photo interrupter 3
The position of the shutter blade 31b is detected by using the number of slits 311 passing through the space 313 sandwiched by 12 as a count, and the shutter blade 31a and the shutter blade 31b are projecting shafts fitted in both the long holes 33a and 33b. By 34,
Since both are driven by substantially the same amount, the photo interrupter 31
2 detects the positions of both the shutter blades 31a and 31b, that is, detects the limiting amount of the light flux in the optical axis direction 39.

Reference numeral 314 is a shutter base plate and 315 is an opening (aperture) provided in the shutter base plate.

In the above configuration, the photo interrupter 3
The output of 12 is input to the microcomputer 316 of the camera, and the output of the microcomputer 316 causes the drive circuit 317 to operate and the actuator 35 to be driven.

Further, the microcomputer 316 uses the photometric value 31 of the subject.
8 is also input, the photometric value 318 and the photo interrupter 3
The output of 12 controls the drive circuit.

The control method is, for example, when the subject is extremely bright, the microcomputer 316 uses the photo interrupter 31.
The second pulse output drives the shutter blades 31a and 31b in the opening direction by the number of pulses corresponding to the photometric value 318, and then,
The shutter is driven in the closing direction, and when the subject is dark, the photo interrupter 312 is driven in the opening direction until all the pulses of the photo interrupter 312 are completely output (shutter blades 31a and 31b are fully opened), and thereafter the driving is continued in the opening direction ( In this case, since the shutter blades 31a and 31b are fully opened and are not driven further in the opening direction by the stopper or the like, the fully opened state is maintained).
Then, at a predetermined time, that is, after a lapse of a time sufficient to expose the subject to the film, the shutter is driven in the closing direction to fully close the shutter blades 31a and 31b.

Supplementing the above operation, the shutter blades 31a and 31b are initially in the fully closed state, and the shutter blades 31a and 31b are driven in the opening direction by releasing. Then, the photo interrupter 312 accompanying it
When the subject is bright, the shutter is driven in the closing direction with a small number of pulses (for example, the photointerrupter outputs two pulses), and when the subject is dark, all the pulses of the photointerrupter 312 are output and a predetermined time elapses after that. The shutter is driven in the closing direction.

Therefore, when the subject is bright, the optical paths are limited by the shutter blades 31a and 31b (the opening area is small) as shown in FIG. 6A, and the opening time 41a is short, and when the subject is dark. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the opening time 41b becomes long when fully opened.

In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the opening area produced by driving the shutter blades 31a and 31b in the opening direction.

Now, consider the case where the photographer actually photographs. For example, in a situation where a person who is the main subject is photographed with the mountain in the back, the photographer often wants a photograph in which both the person and the mountain are in focus. When taking such a photograph, it is necessary to open the shutter for a sufficient time to expose the film by reducing the aperture (shutter opening area is reduced) as much as possible.

However, such a method of driving the shutter blades cannot be realized by the conventional example shown in FIG.

This is because in the conventional example shown in FIG. 5, the shutter can be driven only in the opening direction or the closing direction, and cannot be held in a squeezed state (a state in which the opening area is small).

In FIG. 5, in order to hold the shutter in a closed state, for example, the shutter blades 31a and 31b start to open and the photo interrupter 312 outputs two pulses, and then the shutter is operated in the closing direction to increase or decrease the number of pulses thereafter. Accordingly, it seems that the shutter blade can be held in a squeezed state by continuing to drive the shutter blades in the closing and opening directions, but in reality, the photo interrupter 312 can detect the number of slits 311 (that is, pulses) passing between them, The above cannot be realized because we do not know the direction of the passage (that is, whether the pulse has increased or decreased).

In order to hold the aperture in a closed state, the image pickup device 5 shown in FIG. 7 is used as in a video camera.
There is a system in which the difference between the amount of light incident on 1 and the command value 52 is amplified by an amplifier circuit 53, and the output thereof drives the shutter blades 31a and 31b. In this case, since the image pickup element 51 can detect the amount of incident light and the increasing / decreasing direction thereof, the diaphragm can be kept in an optimal state of the amount of light incident on the image pickup element 51.

Of course, in the still camera, it is not possible to prepare the image pickup element 51 from the viewpoint of space and cost, but the position indicator 310 as shown in FIG.
When a hole 61 whose opening widens in accordance with the opening direction of the shutter blade 31b is provided through, the output of the photo interrupter 312 changes depending on the position of the shutter blade 31b, and from the output, the position and drive direction of the shutter blade 31b. The shutter blade 31b can be held by the output. That is, in FIG. 8, the shutter blade 31
When a and 31b are driven in the opening direction, the output of the photo interrupter 312 increases accordingly. However, the output of the microcomputer 316 according to the aperture value (opening area) defined by the photometric value 315 (hereinafter, the target value). When the output of the photo interrupter 312 is smaller than that of (1), the output difference is amplified by the amplifier circuit 53, and the drive circuit drives the drive means to open the shutter blades 31a and 31b. As the output of the photo interrupter 312 approaches the target value, the driving force in the opening direction of the shutter blades 31a and 31b of the driving means weakens. When the output of the photo interrupter 312 becomes the same as the target value (microcomputer output), the driving force in the opening direction. Disappears.

However, since the shutter blades 31a and 31b move further in the opening direction due to the inertial force, the output of the photo interrupter 312 becomes larger than the target value. Then, since the polarity of the output difference is reversed, the drive circuit 317 drives the drive means in the opposite direction through the amplifier circuit 53 to drive the shutter blades in the closing direction. And
When the output of the photo interrupter 312 becomes smaller than the target value (microcomputer output), the shutter blades 31a,
31b is driven in the opening direction.

By repeating such a process, the shutter blade 31
The values a and 31b gradually become stable at a predetermined aperture value set to the target value. Then, after the predetermined exposure time has elapsed, when the microcomputer output decreases (that is, when a new target value is set after the predetermined time has elapsed), the output of the photo interrupter 312 decreases (that is, the shutter blade output closes). The shutter blades are driven in the closing direction to close the shutter. Here, for example, as shown in FIG.
When a and 31b are to be driven, the output (target value) of the microcomputer 316 is a small output for a long time as shown in FIG. 6 (f), or when driving as shown in FIG. 6 (b). 6 (e) has a large output, and FIG. 6 (a) shows the case of driving as shown in FIG. 6 (a).
As shown in (d), it is sufficient to output at a small output for a short time, and the blade driving method can be freely controlled by the size and output time of the microcomputer output.

Here, since the output of the microcomputer itself (microcomputer output) can output only a binarized value, as shown in FIG.
(E), (f) By changing the output interval δt as shown in FIGS. 6 (g), (h), and (i) and passing through a known smoothing circuit,
6 (d), (e), and (f) are produced, the numerical data in the microcomputer is converted into an analog output by the D / A converter, and the outputs shown in FIGS. ) Output may be produced.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the drive amount is detected,
A method of automatically driving so as to reduce the difference between the value and the target value is called an automatic control method, and such a method is used in various fields.

[0022]

However, in the configuration of FIG. 8, the shutter aperture area is precisely controlled according to the photometric value 315 (especially in the case of a still camera, the shutter aperture area is controlled according to the photometric value as compared with the video camera. If you don't control it precisely, you can't get a photo with proper exposure).

In order to control the opening area of the shutter without error with respect to the target value, it is necessary to detect the opening amount of the shutter with high accuracy. However, the opening composed of the hole 61 and the photo interrupter 312 shown in FIG. The amount detecting means not only changes its sensitivity (the magnitude of the output of the photo interrupter 312 when the shutter is closed and opened) over time, but also the variation in the sensitivity due to the individual (the individual difference of the photo interrupter 312, Photo interrupter 312 and hole 61
It is caused by mounting error etc.), and the complicated work of adjusting the sensitivity one by one during shutter assembly (shutter closing,
The alignment of the photo interrupter 312 and the hole 61 is adjusted so that the output of the photo interrupter 312 at the time of opening becomes a constant value, or the photo interrupter 3 is adjusted.
The magnitude of the output of 12 is adjusted electrically by increasing or decreasing. )
By adjusting the sensitivity, and by adjusting the temperature of the photo interrupter 312 with a temperature sensitive element to adjust the sensitivity to the temperature change, the shutter opening accuracy can be guaranteed to some extent. Interrupter 312
Since it is impossible to take measures against individual differences due to temperature changes and changes in sensitivity over time, sufficient opening accuracy cannot be obtained.

An object of the present invention is to provide a shutter device that solves the above problems.

[0025]

According to the present invention, there is provided a shutter mechanism including shutter blades, driving means for driving the shutter blades, and aperture amount detecting means for outputting an analog signal according to the aperture amount of the shutter blades. By providing the calibration means for calibrating the output of the aperture amount detection means before the exposure on the film, the drawbacks of the conventional example described above are avoided.

[0026]

1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, which differs from that shown in FIG. 8 in that a calculation means 11 for calculating the output of the photo interrupter 312 and a light-shielding plate 1 for preventing exposure of the film are provided.
2 is provided.

Here, the calculating means 11 stores the outputs of the photo interrupter 312 at the positions where the shutter is fully opened and fully closed before photographing, and the sensitivity is obtained from the difference between them, and the photo interrupter initial setting sensitivity (the target value is the initial setting sensitivity). (Given in) and make a correction coefficient, and set a new target value by the coefficient.

The light shielding plate is operated by an actuator (not shown) so as to shield the film during the operation of the arithmetic means in order to prevent the film from being exposed during the calibration of the output of the photo interrupter (while the shutter is being opened and closed). After the operation of the means is completed, it is retracted in the direction of the arrow.

In the above construction, the opening / closing amount detecting means (hole 6
1 and the operation of the calibration means (calculation means 11) for calibrating the photo interrupter 312) will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the calibration means. The operation starts when the photographer aims at the subject and releases the image. First, the shading plate 12 is closed by I to shield the film surface from light, and the driving means is energized in the shutter closing direction at II.
Energize the shutter in the closing direction. At III, the photo interrupter output V ₁ at that time is stored, and at IV, the driving means is energized in the shutter opening direction to urge the shutter in the opening direction. V
The photo interrupter output V ₂ at that time is memorized by
Then, the correction coefficient S is calculated by obtaining the ratio with the initial setting sensitivity (which is set in advance and the size of the target value (aperture area) for each photometric value is defined and stored by the initial setting sensitivity).
To get A new target value is created and stored by multiplying the size (opening area A) of the target value (target value according to the photographing and photometry state) predetermined in VII by the correction coefficient S.
The shutter is closed at VIII and the light-shielding plate is opened at IX to finish, and the exposure operation is started. The shutter is opened / closed according to a new target value to finish photographing. In FIG. 2, the light shielding plate of IX may be opened between V and VI, or V ₁ and V
The order of memory ₂ may be changed.

If the above operation is performed before each photographing, even if the photo interrupter sensitivity changes with temperature and time, it is corrected before the photographing so that stable exposure can be always performed.
Moreover, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to strictly adjust the sensitivity when assembling.

The sensitivity is calibrated before each photographing, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the correction coefficient is memorized after calibrating once and the target value is set at each photographing without calibrating for a certain period. The configuration may be reset, and the calibration is performed when the main power is turned on instead of when the release is performed, and the calibration is performed at regular intervals (for example, several hours) when the main power is turned on, and each operation member is not operated after that. May be configured to cancel the calibration. FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. What differs from FIG. 1 is the drive means, and the actuator 3 in FIG.
5 is a plate coil 21, a base member 22 carrying the plate coil 21, and magnets 25a, 25b for producing a magnetic field in the plate coil 21 in the optical axis direction (both are magnetized in the optical axis direction,
(Reverse polarity to each other), the yokes 23 and 24 and the yokes 23 and 2
It is composed of non-magnetic spacers 26a and 26b between the four.

Here, what is greatly different from the example of FIG. 1 is the rotation center of the actuator, and in FIG.
It is coaxial with the rotation center of 1a. And the following features are born from that.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the shutter blades 31a, 3a
If the distance r between the rotation center of 1b and the drive transmission portion (long holes 33a, 33b) and the distance R between the rotation center of the actuator 35, which is the driving means, and the protruding shaft 34 are different, the actuator 3
The combined inertia moment I of the shutter blades 31a and 31b received by

[0035]

[Equation 1]

It becomes

Here, it is necessary to set R> r depending on the stroke of the actuator 35, the space of the shutter, etc., and the moment of inertia applied to the actuator becomes extremely large.

Precise automatic control of a driven part having a large inertial force requires a large power for the actuator 35.

However, if the rotation center of the actuator is set to be the same as the rotation center 29a of the shutter blade 31a as shown in FIG. 3, the moment of inertia of the shutter blade applied to the actuator is not increased (the rotation center 29b of the shutter blade 31b). Since the length between the long hole 34b and the long hole 34b is equal to that of the shutter blade 31a, the inertia moment of the shutter blade 31b does not increase). Therefore, the shutter blade can be precisely controlled with a small power.

Second, since the rotation center of the actuator and the rotation center of the shutter blade 31a are the same, the shutter blade 3
The elongated hole 33a of 1b does not need to be an elongated hole, and the base member 2
It is possible to form a circular hole that fits with the protruding shaft 34 provided in 2. Therefore, the backlash generated between the protruding shaft 34 and the long hole 33a is eliminated, and the shutter blade 31a is accurately opened.

The base member 22 can be fixed to the shutter blade 31a with an adhesive or the like, but in the present embodiment, it is not fixed and is simply positioned by the rotary shaft 210 and the circular hole 33a.

This is because, firstly, since the bonding is not carried out at the time of assembling, the assembling becomes easy, and secondly, the flatness of the shutter blade 31a with respect to the base 211 is maintained.

It is necessary that the base member 22 be firmly fitted to the rotary shaft 210 without any play except in the rotating direction. For example, when the rotary shaft 210 is slightly inclined with respect to the base, the base member 22 is When fixed to the shutter blade 31a (in this case, the yoke 23 is on the back side of the base 211), the tip 212 of the shutter blade 31a makes a large gap with respect to the base 211 or the tip 21.
2 is pressed against the base 211, and the light leaks,
This is because of problems such as friction.

Further, in FIG. 3, the shutter blades 31a, 3a
After 1b is fully opened, the arrows 28a on the blades 31a and 31b,
28b is a stopper pin 27 provided on the base 211
It abuts a and 27b to limit the opening. Such a stopper is known, but if the shutter blades open at high speed and collide with the stopper pins 27a and 27b, the arrow 28
A couple of forces around the centers of gravity of the shutter blades 31a and 31b are generated from the reaction force of the a and 28b, whereby the circular hole 33a and the long hole 33 are formed.
Although an impact may be applied to b, the circular hole 33a and the long hole 33b may be damaged, but in the example of FIG. 3, the stopper pin 27a,
As for the position of 27b, when the position of the center of gravity of each shutter blade is G, the moment of inertia is I, and the length of the circular hole, the long hole and the center of gravity G is l ₂ , the positions of the arrows 28 and 28b are relative to the center of gravity G.

[0045]

[Equation 2]

By providing so that the circular holes and the long holes are the centers of impact (when viewed from the circular holes and the long holes, the stopper pins 27a, 27
Position b is sweet spot) and stopper pin 2
Even if arrows 28a and 28b collide with 7a and 27b, the circular hole 3
3a and the long hole 33b are constructed so that no force is generated and they are not damaged.

Unlike FIG. 1, in FIG. 3, the position display plate 30 provided on the shutter blade 31b is eliminated, and an infrared light emitting diode (IRED) or the like is provided on both sides in the optical axis 39 direction across the slit 216. A light projecting means 217 and a light receiving means 218 as a position detector (PSD) are provided. The light receiving means 218 has a slit 216 and the total amount of light from the light projecting means 217 which is incident through the slit.
The amount of change in the position of the center of gravity of the light of the light projecting means 217 through the slit 216 incident on the light receiving means due to the movement of the light can be detected, and the light projecting means 217 determines that the total amount of light entering the light receiving means 218 is the slit. 11 movements and temperatures,
It is driven by a light receiving amount constant means (APC automatic power control) that controls the light emitting amount so that the light emitting amount is always constant irrespective of the passage of time. A. P. C compares the total light amount of the light receiving means 13 with a reference value, and when the total light amount is smaller than the reference value, drives the light emitting means so as to increase the light emission amount of the light emitting means 217, and when it is larger than the reference value. This is a method of reducing the amount of light emission.

In this embodiment, the output difference between the total light quantity output of the light receiving means 218 and the reference value 16 is amplified by the amplifier circuit 17 and the light projection drive circuit 18 drives the light projection quantity.

Since the incident light center-of-gravity position output of the light receiving means 218 corresponds to the movement of the slit 216, the drive amount of the driving means is detected, and the incident light center-of-gravity position output and the microcomputer 316 are detected as in FIG. The difference in the target value output from the amplifier is amplified by the amplifier circuit 53 and sent to the output drive circuit 317 to drive the drive means. The compensating circuit 14 is a well-known phase advance compensating circuit for electrically stabilizing the automatic control method shown in FIG.

The feature of the present embodiment in the above construction is that when the opening / closing of the shutter blades is controlled, the position detecting means is provided as driving amount detecting means near the driving means, particularly the actuator. With such a configuration, the rigidity between the drive unit and the drive amount detection unit can be made extremely high, and play and bending (the play of the elongated hole 33b and the protruding shaft 34 and the shutter blade 31b between the two as shown in FIG. 8). Insufficient rigidity and flexure) do not intervene. Therefore, when the shutter is controlled by the automatic control method, the control is stable even if the amplification factor of the amplifier circuit 53 is increased (In the automatic control method, insufficient rigidity between the drive unit and the detection unit causes instability of control). With no oscillation, the shutter blades are accurately opened with respect to the target opening area (diaphragm).

Further, in FIG. 3, since PSD is used as the light receiving means 218 as the driving amount detecting means, the light receiving amount total is detected to control the light emitting amount of the light projecting means 217 so that the total light receiving amount is always constant. I can. By this, the position of the PSD is detected (as described above, the light projecting means 2 through the slit 11 is used.
The position of the center of gravity of the incident light from 17: changes depending on the position of the slit) is the difference in the total amount of incident light. Since the total amount of light is constant regardless of temperature or changes over time, the position detection sensitivity also depends on changes in temperature and changes over time. Instead, the position of the shutter becomes constant, and the position can be detected with high accuracy, and the opening accuracy of the shutter can be further increased.

In the above construction, PS is used as the opening amount detecting means.
Since D and IRED are used and APC is performed between them,
The aperture detection sensitivity is stable with temperature and aging, but PSD
The individual difference in sensitivity still exists, and it is necessary to adjust the sensitivity one by one at the time of assembling, but the adjustment is also necessary by providing the constituent means (calculating means 11) of the present invention. Since the sensitivity is automatically calibrated before shooting, extremely accurate exposure control can be performed.

3 is different from FIG. 1 in that a mirror support plate 21 having a mirror 213 instead of the light shielding plate 11 is provided.
2 is provided, and this mirror support plate also serves as a light shield for a film (not shown).

This mirror 213 is provided for the same purpose as the mirror of a single-lens reflex camera, and switches a subject image passing through the lens to two optical paths of a finder and a film surface. Therefore, the photographer has the advantage of being able to confirm a parallax-free image through the viewfinder, and during release for shooting, the mirror support plate 212 rises around the axis 215 in the direction of arrow 214, and the subject image through the lens is filmed. Lead to the surface. With the above configuration, the mirror support plate 212 also serves as a light shield plate, and not only is the light shield plate unnecessary, but the mirror support plate 212 normally shields the film, so it is necessary to perform a light shield operation for each calibration. Disappears.

Although the contents of the arithmetic means have not been described in detail in the first and second embodiments, the output of the microcomputer 316 is shown in FIG. 4 if analog processing is used. Causes the drive circuit to drive the shutter to open (shutter open drive 216), and the delay circuit 21
Wait for the shutter to fully open at 8 and then output the trigger and sample and hold the photo interrupter output at that time 2
Similarly, the shutter closing drive 219 is performed, the output at that time is also sampled and held 221, the output difference between them is obtained by the differential circuit 222, and the division with the reference signal (initial setting sensitivity) is performed by the division circuit 223. .. Then, the exposure start switch is turned on from the microcomputer 316, and as shown in FIGS.
The analog target value signal shown in (f) may be corrected by the multiplication circuit 224, and the difference from the output of the photo interrupter 312 may be obtained and input to the amplification circuit 53, and the shutter may be driven to perform exposure. The photointerrupter output may be A / D-converted and input to the microcomputer at all times during calibration, and the series of operations described above may be numerically processed in the microcomputer.

[0056]

As described above, by providing the means for calibrating the output sensitivity of the shutter opening amount detecting means prior to photographing, it is possible to always perform highly accurate exposure control, and it is extremely easy to adjust the sensitivity during assembly. By using the shutter of the present invention, the shutter drive control, which has been difficult with the lens shutter until now, can be accurately performed by using the shutter of the present invention as in a photograph in which both the subject and the background are in focus.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a shutter device according to a first embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of a microcomputer of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a shutter device according to a second embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the operation of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a conventional shutter device proposed by the present applicant.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship among an opening area, an opening time, and a microcomputer output in the shutter device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a conventional example in which an image pickup device is used.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a conventional shutter device proposed by the present applicant.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 ... Calculation means (calibration means) 12 ... Shading plate 212 ... Mirror holding plate 213 ... Mirror 312 ... Photointerrupter 61 ... Holes 31a, 31b ... Shutter blade 33 ... Lever 34 ... Projection shaft 35 ... Actuator 21 ... Coil 22 ... Basic member 23, 24 ... Yoke 25 ... Magnet

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A shutter blade, a driving means for driving the shutter blade, an aperture amount detecting means for outputting an analog signal according to an aperture amount of the shutter blade, and a calibration for calibrating the output of the aperture amount detecting means before exposure. Device provided with a means. 2. The calibration means stores the output of the opening amount detecting means when the shutter blade is closed and the output of the opening amount detecting means at the time when the shutter blade is opened to a predetermined position before photographing. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the shutter device is a calculation unit that performs a comparison calculation with the initial setting sensitivity of the opening amount detection unit. 3. The shutter device according to claim 1, further comprising a target value setting unit that sets an aperture target value based on the calibration unit and a subject photometric value. 4. The shutter device according to claim 1, further comprising a light-shielding unit that prevents exposure of the film when the calibration unit is activated. 5. A switching means for switching the energizing direction of the drive means according to the target value of the target value setting means.
Shutter device. 6. The shutter device according to claim 1, further comprising means for automatically controlling the drive means by the detection output of the opening amount and opening and closing the shutter blades according to a target value of the target value setting means.