JPH0567121B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention involves applying a specific amount of ribonucleic acid or a ribonucleic acid decomposition product to cereals, fruit vegetables, root vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, etc. from around the earing stage until heading, or by applying yeast to yeast. By applying 0.5 to 20% of each of proline and uradyl to the decomposed product obtained by the action of cell wall degrading enzyme and proteolytic enzyme or the autolyzed product of yeast as fertilizer at a specific time. It concerns a method of measuring increase in revenue. [Prior Art] Recently, organic fertilizers have been increasingly reviewed in response to land deterioration caused by excessive application of inorganic fertilizers. Known organic fertilizers include fish powder, rapeseed oil cake, rice bran, chicken manure, and cow manure. The expected effects include promotion of flower bud formation, flowering, flowering, and fruit enlargement. Target fields include grains,
It is widely used in various fields such as fruit vegetables, root vegetables, flowers, and fruit trees. [Problems to be solved by the invention] Regarding the principle of fertilizer effectiveness, the ingredients in organic fertilizers serve as nutritional sources for microorganisms in the soil and activate their functions, and the amino acids and nucleic acid decomposition products that are the ingredients It is thought that this may act directly on plants. However, the effects of conventional organic fertilizers such as fish powder and rapeseed oil cake are still far from satisfactory. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the combination of various organic fertilizers with proline and uracil, which are conventionally known as flower bud formation promoters, and have found that ribonucleic acid or ribonucleic acid decomposition products can be used in combination with proline and uracil. 0.5 to 20% each of proline and uracil are added to the decomposed product obtained by using a large amount of yeast extract and proline together, or by allowing yeast to act with yeast cell wall degrading enzyme and protease, or to the yeast autolysed product. It has been found that when applied as a top dressing fertilizer during the panicle formation stage of grains, or as a fertilizer for fruit vegetables, root vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, etc., it has a great effect on promoting flowering, flowering, fruit enlargement, etc. At this time, so-called yeast extract (mainly composed of proteins and amino acids) is obtained by removing the yeast cell wall from the yeast decomposition product.
They discovered that the effect is much greater when cell walls made of polysaccharides (glucans, mannans, etc.) are included than alone, and this led to the present invention. The cereals that are the object of the present invention are cereal crops of the family Graticaceae, such as rice, wheat, corn, millet, millet, etc.; , roses, chrysanthemums, carnations, cyclamen, etc.; Fruit vegetables include Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, etc.; Root vegetables include taro, yam, sweet potato, carrot, radish; and craft crops include konnyaku, peanut, rush, sugar beet, etc. Forage crops include clover, timothy, orchid; Fruit crops include mandarin oranges,
Examples include peaches, apples, pears, and grapes. The yeast extract used in the present invention contains 10 to 40% of ribonucleic acid or a ribonucleic acid decomposition product, but if the ribonucleic acid or ribonucleic acid decomposition product derived from the yeast extract is insufficient, it may be necessary to add a separate supplement. be. Content of ribonucleic acid or ribonucleic acid decomposition product is 10%
If it is less than 40%, the effect is too small, and if it is 40%, it is not economical. In addition, the content of proline and uracil is 0.5 compared to the degraded product obtained by treating yeast with yeast cell wall degrading enzyme and protease, or the yeast autolysed product.
If it is less than 20%, the effect is too small, and if it exceeds 20%, it is not economical.
%, and yeast decomposition products consisting of glucan and mannan are known to act as a nutrient source for beneficial microorganisms in the soil.At this time, cell wall polysaccharides are also degraded and absorbed by the microorganisms as a sugar source, increasing their growth. It is thought that it can help. Next, the timing of application of the mixture of yeast extract containing a large amount of ribonucleic acid or ribonucleic acid decomposition product of the present invention and proline or the decomposition product containing proline and uracil is from before and after the earing stage of the crop until heading. The appropriate period is from before and after flower bud formation to flowering of the crop. Although it is possible to apply it directly to the plant as a dilute aqueous solution, it is more appropriate to apply it as a powder, or as a granule with the addition of a carrier such as bentonite, talc, or kaolin. . [Example] The effects of the present invention will be shown below in Examples. Example 1 Paddy rice (Koshihikari) sown on May 20th was sown in June.
After 10 days, they were transplanted into 1:50,000 pots and cultured in sand culture.
As starter fertilizer per pot, ammonium chloride, superphosphate lime,
If you give 0.5g each of N, P, and K using potassium chloride before transplanting, and then add 0.25g of N as an inorganic fertilizer as additional fertilizer on July 1st, 45 days before heading,
The effect of top dressing was tested when 0.25g of organic fertilizer was given as N, and when 0.25g of organic fertilizer was given as N and 0.025g of proline. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Table] Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the effect of top dressing was observed when 0.25 g of yeast extract with varying ribonucleic acid content and 0.025 g of proline were used in combination. The results are shown in Figure 1 as yield increase rates compared to the control plots treated with ammonium salt top dressing. However, the original content of ribonucleic acid in the yeast extract was 3%, and a considerable amount of ribonucleic acid was added separately to make up for the shortage. Example 3 Strawberries (Hoko Wase) planted outdoors on October 3rd were fertilized with the following composition on January 20th and March 10th. We compared the effects of topdressing when given in combination with fertilization. Source fertilizer: ammonium sulfate 60g/m ² , lime superphosphate 100g/m ² ,
Potassium chloride 40g/m ² Top dressing: Organic fertilizer 20g/m ² (proline 0.2g/m ² when combined with proline), potassium chloride 15g/m ²

[Table] *: Content rate as ribonucleic acid in yeast extract
12%
Example 4 Eggplants (Senryo No. 2) were sown on October 5th and planted in a plastic greenhouse on December 13th, and were fertilized with the following composition on February 12th and March 1st. When using yeast extract and proline in combination, we tested the effect of the ribonucleic acid content in the yeast extract on the yield. Base fertilizer: Chemical fertilizer (N-P-K=14-7-12) 300g/m ² Slaked lime 100g/m ² Top dressing: Organic fertilizer 40g/m ² (Proline 0.4g/m ² if used together with proline)

【table】

[Table] Example 5 Paddy rice (Koshihikari) sown on May 15th was transplanted to a 1:50,000 pot on June 5th and cultured in sand culture.
As starter fertilizer per pot, ammonium chloride, superphosphate lime,
If you give 0.5g each of N, P, and K using potassium chloride before transplanting, and then add 0.25g of N as an inorganic fertilizer as additional fertilizer on June 25, 45 days before heading,
When 0.25g of organic fertilizer is given as N, 0.25g of organic fertilizer as N and 0.025g of proline,
When 0.025g of uracil was given, the effect of topdressing was tested. The results are shown in Table 4.

[Table] *1: Degraded product with yeast cell wall removed *2: Decomposed product containing 100% yeast cells Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 5, the yeast cell wall content was changed, and 0.25 g of N was added. The effect of top dressing was observed when 0.025 g of each of proline and uracil were used in combination. The results are shown in Figure 2 as yield increase rates compared to the control plots treated with ammonium salt top dressing. Figure 2 shows 0% cell wall completely removed and 100% cell wall not removed at all. Example 7 Strawberries (Hoko Wase) planted outdoors on October 5th were fertilized with the following composition on January 22nd and March 12th. We compared the effects of topdressing when given in combination with fertilization. Source fertilizer: ammonium sulfate 60g/m ² , lime superphosphate 100g/m ² ,
Potassium chloride 40g/m ² Top dressing: Organic fertilizer 20g/m ² (0.2g/m ² each when using proline and uracil together), Potassium chloride 15
g/ ^m2

[Table] * indicates the same example as Example 5 8 Eggplant (Senryo No. 2), sown on October 5th and planted in a plastic greenhouse on December 13th, was treated with the following composition on February 12th and March 1st. Additional fertilizer was applied. When using yeast extract and proline in combination, we tested the effect of the ribonucleic acid content in the yeast extract on the yield. Base fertilizer: Chemical fertilizer (N-P-K=14-7-12) 300g/ ^m2 Slaked lime 100g/ ^m2 Top dressing: Organic fertilizer 40g/ ^m2 (If proline and uracil are used together, 0.4g/ ^m2 each)

[Table] *: Same as Example 5

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the ribonucleic acid content in the yeast extract and the yield increase rate in the control group treated with ammonium chloride top dressing, and Figure 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the rate of addition of cell walls in the yeast decomposition product and the control group in which ammonium chloride was added. FIG.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. 10 to 40% ribonucleic acid or ribonucleic acid decomposition products
A method for producing cereals, fruit vegetables, root vegetables, flowers, etc., characterized in that the yeast extract and proline contained therein are applied as fertilizer to the period from before and after the earing stage of the grains until the earing, or to fruit vegetables, root vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, etc. How to increase the yield of fruit trees, etc. 2 A decomposed product obtained by treating yeast with a yeast cell wall degrading enzyme and a protease, or a yeast autolysed product to which 0.5 to 20% of each of proline and laucil is added, is used for earing from around the ear formation stage of grains. Cereals characterized by being applied as fertilizer to fruit vegetables, root vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, etc.
How to increase the yield of fruit vegetables, root vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, etc.