JPH0573659A - Method and device for generating map data - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a map information system which automatically generate map information where attributes are given to respective areas and points. CONSTITUTION:A line data generation device 1 automatically reads a map picture by an image scanner 1-1, generates a digital image signal by a pattern recognition module 1-2, generates line data by a line data image processor 1-3 and stores it in RAM (I) 1-4. A data conversion device 2 reads line data from the line data generation device 1, generates surface data and outputs it to an attribute information generation device 3. It executes the processings of the interpolation of discontinuous points in surface data, the bestowal of the attribute and print/output by a closed surface data image processor 3-1 based on an instruction inputted from a keyboard 3-3. RAM (II) 3-2 stores completed data. The interpolation work of the discontinuous points in surface data is shared in an input terminal and executed in parallel.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a map data creating apparatus for automatically creating map information to which an attribute is added for each region or point.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a map has been used in various ways as a graphic showing information. For example, a map is known in which regions and points are displayed by attribute classification in which each attribute is color-coded. This is a land use status map shown by attribute such as fields, residential areas, factory zones, census area map shown by each survey unit area, soil map shown by geology, or by prefecture, municipality It is widely used as administrative data in local governments, educational data in schools, etc., and has a wide range of uses.

Further, if the above map information is stored in a computer, the information can be updated relatively easily and, for example, the soil map is overlapped and displayed on the road construction planned area map to check the geological condition in advance. It is also easy to overlap and use maps composed of information of different attributes such as. Further, even between maps having information of the same attribute, it becomes easy to quantify the degree of progress of environmental pollution or the degree of improvement by using maps having different measurement times.

In order to store in the computer the map information to which an attribute is given for each area or point, first, a digitizer or the like is used to manually move the input terminal along the edge of the area or point on the map, After inputting the movement data of the input terminal into the computer as surface data representing the outline of the area or point, an attribute is given to the surface data.

Further, maps and the like in which only topographical features are drawn by contour lines are also widely used for civil engineering and surveying. Such maps need to be revised and updated from time to time. Such maps are also read by a computer, and corrections such as automatically correcting the distortion of figures are performed. In the computer processing in such a case, there is no concept of surface data as described above, it is treated as vector data simply representing a line, and it is possible to add a description or the like and display it.
It is not possible to add attributes to graphic data.
Also, it is not possible to automatically detect "cuts" in line data.
In the case of a vector recognition object having a right-angled part such as a house shape, for example, if the house shape is a 6-drawing shape, it is decomposed into 6 line data, and it is automatically converted into 1 line data at once. Since it cannot be vectorized, it is extremely difficult to classify house shapes, roads, etc. after directly vector-processing from a large amount of superposed original map data such as a topographic map. There is a situation that needs to be created.

[0006]

[Problems of the prior art] Input of surface data by the above digitizer is performed at a reduced scale of 1/250 in Okinawa prefecture, Tottori prefecture, etc.
Even if a land use situation map of 00 is created, about 100,000 surface data are required for each. The input of these surface data is all manually input as described above, but in computer processing, an attribute is assigned to each surface data input as described above in the subsequent processing. In order to do so, each surface data must form a closed surface. Even if the contour line represented by the surface data is visually closed on the screen display, it is open as data inside the computer, and if it is discontinuous, the attribute given to this surface data is Leakage from the discontinuity to the surroundings causes inconvenience. Therefore, the surface data inputting operation by the digitizer described above requires skill and is extremely troublesome. Therefore, the labor cost is 50% or more, sometimes 90% of the map information creation cost.
It is said that the total cost is extremely high. In addition, it takes a lot of time to complete the surface data, which is a long period of several months. For this reason, there was a problem that the response was delayed as the management data provided for practical use.

If plane data cannot be created even if simple line data is stored in a computer, the above-mentioned attribute for each region or point cannot be added.
Therefore, it cannot be used as map information managed by attributes.

As described above, conventionally, it has been necessary to manually input the contour data of a map, and those that can automatically read the line data cannot perform subsequent attribute assignment processing. It is in a state and the line is "broken"
It is a situation that it is not possible to automatically detect and vectorize a vectorized object with a right-angled part into a single polygonal line, and there are methods and devices that automatically create map information consistently. There wasn't.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional circumstances, and an object thereof is to consistently and automatically create map information having attributes for each region or point. It is to provide a map data creating method and device that can be easily performed.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention creates two-dimensional vector line data from raster data obtained by reading an original map such as a topographic map, and at least point data and line data are created from this vector line data. Create a surface data consisting of, and input the discontinuous points of the line data that make up this surface data to connect to the point data or line data to create closed area data, and add the closed area data to the attribute Each data is stored, displayed, or printed, and when connecting the discontinuity points, for example, a plurality of connection correction devices are used, and the discontinuity points are marked with a symbol notifying that they are discontinuity points. The point is that it is displayed.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention.

In the figure, the image vector line data generator 1 is used as an original map such as a topographic map or, for example, as shown in FIG.
An image scanner 1 which automatically reads a circuit wiring image or the like as shown in FIG. 1 and generates an electric signal corresponding to the image.
1. A pattern recognition module 1-2 for generating a digital image signal from an electric signal input from the image scanner 1-1, and a vector obtained by extracting thin line data from the digital image signal generated by the pattern recognition module 1-2. Create line data, for example,
The line data image processing device 1-3 that performs the line data image creation process shown in (b) and the vector line data created by the line data image processing device 1-3 are used as a line data image processing L file 2a described later. RAM (I) for storing 1-
It consists of four.

The data converter 2 has an image vector line data generator 1 connected to its input side and a closed region attribute data generator 3 connected to its output side. Then, the line data image processing L file 2a is read from the image vector line data generator 1, and the L file 2 is read.
The line data of "a" is analyzed and, in detail, is output to the closed region attribute data creation device 3 as line data of a closed surface data image processing D file 2b described later.

The closed area attribute data creation device 3 includes a closed surface data image processing device 3-1 and its closed surface data image processing device 3.
RAM (II) 3-2 connected to -1 to store the closed surface data image processing D file 2b, and processing such as line data complement, attribute addition, and print output of the closed surface data image processing D file 2b A plotter 3-4 for printing map information by a print output from the closed surface data image processing device 3-1.

FIG. 2 (a) is a block diagram of a line data image processing L file 2a stored in the RAM (I) 1-4 of the image vector line data generator 1, and FIG. 2 (b) is the above. 6 is a configuration diagram of a closed surface data image processing D file 2b stored in a RAM (II) 3-2 of the closed area attribute data creation device 3. FIG.

L file for line data image processing shown in FIG.
2a represents a line that indicates the outline of the image independently of each other 1
It consists of record data, 1 record is header part 2
1 and a data section 22. Header part 21
Is a class part 21-1 indicating the division of records
21-2 and the code portion indicating the shape of the line indicated by
It is composed of a list part 21-3 indicating the length of the part 22.
Then, the data section 22 stores the coordinate data representing the line.
Parameter part (i) 22-i (i = 1, 2, ... N)
Composed of. These line data are shown in FIG.
The cross image shown in (a) is changed to the point (x_a-0, Y_a-0) And dots
(X_a-1, Y_a-1) And a point (x _b-0, Y
_b-0) And the point (x_b-1, Y_b-1) Two lines of line B connecting
It may be expressed as data, or as shown in Figure (b).
Then, divide the line at the intersection of the above crosses, and divide the line of A, B, C, and D
It may be represented as four line data. 1 point break
It can also be expressed as a line AB and a one-dot broken line DC.

The line data image processing apparatus 1-3 shown in FIG. 1 uses the line data image processing L file 2a as an R file as needed.
It is possible to sequentially read from the AM (I) 1-4 and output the figure as shown in FIG. 6B as data.

Further, the closed surface data image processing D shown in FIG.
The file 2b has a completely different file structure from the line data image processing L file 2a of FIG. 9A, and has the same structure as a DLG file for handling closed region data. That is, a header portion 2b-1 for storing data indicating a file structure, a point data portion 2b-2 for storing point data indicating the vertices and line ends of a polygonal line, and an area for storing data indicating at least one attribute of a closed area. It comprises a data section 2b-3 and a line data section 2b-4 for storing line data.

Next, FIG. 3 shows an internal configuration of the data conversion device 2. As shown in FIG.
It is composed of a CPU 31, which is a microprocessor, and a ROM (Read Only Memory) 32, which stores a program.
The CPU 31 converts the data in the line data image processing L file 2a into the closed surface data image processing D file 2b based on the program stored in the ROM 32.

Next, the processing operation of the CPU 31 for converting the data of the line data image processing L file 2a into the closed surface data image processing D file 2b will be described with reference to the flow charts of FIGS. Note that this processing is performed using the registers i and j not shown in the drawing.

In FIG. 4, first, in step S1, the line data image processing L file 2a is read. Next, in step S2, the number of elements is read from the list section 21-3 of the file header section 21 and stored in the register i. Then, the value of the register i is discriminated, and if it is not "0", there is an element to be read, and therefore the process proceeds to step S5. In step S5, the element record i is read, and the element type data at the head of the element i is stored in the read register j. Then, in step S6, the value of the register j is determined. If the value is "1" to "7", the process proceeds to steps S7 to S13, the coordinate data stored subsequent to the element type data of the element record i is read, and the read coordinate data is read. D file 2 for closed surface image processing
It is transferred to the line data section 2b-4 of b and written in a predetermined position.

The value of the register j is "1" to "7", which indicates a straight line, a broken line, a broken line at 2 points ... A broken line at 7 points, and a broken line at 8 points or more. If the value of the register j is larger than "7" in step S6, the element type represents data other than a line, and in this case, the process immediately proceeds to step S14. Next, in step S3, if the value of the register i is "0", all the element records have been read and the processing for one figure has been completed, so the flow advances to step S15 to create surface data and perform processing. finish.

Next, regarding the above-mentioned surface data creation processing,
This will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step S51, the D file 2 for the above-mentioned closed surface data image processing.
The line data created in b is read and decomposed into line segments.
In the decomposition processing into this line segment, the read line data is
This is a process of dividing a line segment having no contact point or intersection point with other line data, subdividing into line segments having no contact point or intersection point in the middle, and assigning a line segment number to each line segment.

Then, in step S52, the point type of the starting point or the ending point of the line segment is determined. In this process, when subdividing the line data into line segments that do not have contact points or intersections in the middle, the starting point or the end point of the line segment that is the basis of the subdivision is an isolated point (no connection to other line data), This is a process of recording whether it was a branch point (contact point) or an intermediate point (vertical angle of the polygonal line).

Next, in step S53, the line segments are sorted based on the start point and the end point, and then step S5.
In step 4, these sorted line segments are connected in a fixed direction. The connection direction may be clockwise or counterclockwise. When the end point of the line segment is a branch point, there are a plurality of line segments having the same start point to be connected. Since the connection direction is set to one of the fixed directions in advance, it is possible to automatically select and connect the line segments that together form the surface data from the plurality of line segments.

Then, in step S55, the point type of the end point of the connected line segment is discriminated, and it is the same coordinate as the start point of the first line segment or an isolated point having no line segment to be connected next. If so, the connection process is terminated and the process proceeds to step S56.

In step S56, the surface data constituted by a series of connected line segments is given a surface data number and stored again in the closed surface data image processing D file 2b.
In step S55, if the point type of the end point of the connected line segment is not the same coordinate as the start point of the first line segment and is not an isolated point, the process returns to step S54 to connect the next line segment.

The closed surface image processing device 3-1 of FIG.
As described above, the surface data stored in the line data portion 2b-4 of the closed surface data image processing D file 2b which has been converted from the line data is read out, and a map figure as shown in FIG.
In particular, it can be output to a CRT display device or the like not shown.

Then, the discontinuity of the line indicated by the arrows A, B, ... F in the figure is notified by blinking a predetermined mark or the like, and the keyboard is pressed so that the discontinuity of the line is closed properly. In particular, correction input is made possible by a cursor key (not shown) or a mouse terminal (not shown) connected to a keyboard 3-3 or the like. The line data corrected and supplemented as described above to become the correct closed region surface data is stored again in the line data portion 2b-4 of the closed surface data image processing D file 2b, and at the same time, the point data portion 2b- of the same file. The two corresponding point data are also automatically corrected and stored again.

In the map graphic data composed of only the closed areas created as described above, in order to specify each area or point indicated by the closed area using the keyboard 3-3, the closed areas on those maps are specified. For example, the numbers (enclosed by circles) as shown in FIG. 8 are automatically and collectively given in sequence. Then, this number is stored in the corresponding position of the area data portion 2b-3 of the same file. Furthermore, by inputting data indicating an attribute for this number, the attribute is given to the area or point specified by the number. This attribute data is also stored in the corresponding position of the area data part 2b-3 of the same file, and the predetermined map information is completed.

Then, the RA created as described above
The M (II) closed surface data image processing D file 2b is shown in FIG.
Of the closed surface data image processing device 3-1 of
The map information is output via the plotter 3-4. An image obtained by this output becomes, for example, a land use situation diagram shown in FIG.

In this way, it is possible to complete the creation of map information, which conventionally took several months, in a few days. In the above-described embodiment, the closed region attribute data creation device 3 is used to perform the correction work for complementing the discontinuous portion of the incomplete map figure so as to be closed correctly. However, for example, even if a land use situation map of a relatively small prefecture such as Okinawa prefecture or Tottori prefecture is created, there are about 100,000 surface data,
The display screen for correction input is composed of several tens of screens. If the correction work of several tens of screens is performed by one device, it takes a considerable amount of time, and it is not possible to sufficiently exert the effect of greatly shortening the work time by automating the work of creating the surface data of the corners.

This correction work is distributed and corrected to a plurality of correction data input devices, and the corrected correct map figure data is input again to the closed region attribute data generation device 3 and then the closed region attribute data generation device 3 is input. If the subsequent attribute assigning process is performed, the work time for correction is greatly reduced, and the effect of time reduction is further increased.

This will be described below as another embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of the second embodiment. The same parts as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals.

In the figure, the data converter 2 includes a plurality of personal computers 4-1 (PC1), 4-2.
(PC2) ... 4-n (PCn) are connected.
Of course, a normal terminal device can be used instead of the personal computer. The data conversion device 2 includes a closed surface data image processing D file 2b created based on the line data image processing L file 2a output from the image vector line data generation device 1 to a closed surface data correction M file described later. 2c is created and divided for each display screen, and each personal computer PCi (i = 1, 2, ... N)
The corrected data output from each personal computer PCi is output to the closed region attribute data creation device 3 as the data of the closed surface data image processing D file 2b.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the PCi. In the figure, a CPU 4-i-1 is composed of a microprocessor and controls the entire apparatus based on a program stored in a ROM 4-i-2. The RAM 4-i-3 has a storage area for the M-file 2c for closing surface data correction and a work. CRT (CRT display) 4-i-
4 is a RAM 4- based on the control of the CPU 4-i-1.
The data of the closed surface data correction M file 2c of i-3 (for example, the map figure as shown in FIG. 7) is displayed. Mouse 4
-I-5 can display a cursor at an arbitrary position on the screen of the CRT 4-i-4 and input the coordinate value of the position.

The closed surface data image processing D file 2b shown in FIG. 2 (b) is reproduced in FIG. 12 (a), and in FIG. 12 (b),
The data structure of a closed surface data correction M file 2c created based on the closed surface data image processing D file 2b is shown.

In FIGS. 1A and 1B, the closed surface data correction M file 2c stores a file number for identifying which D file 2b the data is read from. -1, an isolated point data portion 2c-2 for storing predetermined symbol data (for example, a small yellow circle) centered on the isolated point (discontinuous point) coordinates detected from the point data and line data of the D file 2b , The line data section 2c-4 for storing the line data read from the line data of the D file 2b.

Next, with respect to the second embodiment having the above-mentioned configuration, the operation of the processing for creating the M file 2c for closing surface data correction performed by the data converter 2 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

In the figure, first, in step S1201, the closed surface data image processing D file 2b is read, and a file number corresponding to the read D file 2b is created based on the data of the header portion 2b-1. It is stored in the file number portion 2c-1 of the data correction M file 2c.

Next, in step S1202, it is determined whether or not the file is "end". If it is not "end", the process advances to step 1203 to sequentially read the data of the D file 2b and read the read data. Is point data (data read from the point data section 2b-2 of the D file 2b) or line data (data read from the line data section 2b-4 of the D file 2b).

If it is point data in this determination, the flow advances to step S1204 to determine whether or not the point data indicates an isolated point. This determination detects whether or not there are two or more line data that connect point data to other point data. If two or more line data indicates the apex of a polygonal line, if three or more, there are contact points (concentrated points). Or a dispersion base point), and therefore it is determined that neither is an isolated point. Then, when there is only one line data that emerges from the point data, it is determined that the point data is an isolated point.

If it is an isolated point in this determination, the process proceeds to step S1205, the coordinates of the isolated point are read out, and subsequently, in step S1206, circle data having a predetermined radius centered on the isolated point is created, The circle data is stored in the isolated point data portion 2c-2 of the closed surface data correction M file 2c, and the process returns to step S1202.

If it is determined in step S1204 that the point is not an isolated point, immediately step S12 is performed.
Return to 02. If it is determined in step S1203 that the data is line data, the flow advances to step S1207 to determine the type of line data. And a straight line (coordinates 2 points), a 1-point polygonal line (coordinates 3 points), ... 6-point polygonal line (coordinates 7
Point), or a type of polygonal line with 7 or more points (coordinates of 8 points or more), and based on the determination, step S1
208, S1209 ... S1213, or step S
Proceed to 1214. Then, the point coordinates constituting the line data are read, and step S120 is carried out.
8 ', S1209' ... S1213 ', or step S1214', the line data consisting of the read point coordinate data is stored in the line data portion 2c-3 of the closed surface data correction M file 2c, and step S1201. Return to.

If the file is "finished" in step S1202, the process is immediately terminated. In this way, the closed surface data correction M file 2c created is the personal computer PC1, PC2 ... P of FIG.
PCi (i = 1, 2, ... n) output to Cn
Is displayed on the screen. The operator identifies the discontinuity point of the map figure by the circle symbol indicating the isolated point and enlarges the display when the discontinuity part is narrow and difficult to visually recognize, and complements the discontinuity part with the mouse. .. The complemented data is stored as new line data in the line data portion 2c-3 of the closed surface data correction M file 2c, and is read by the data conversion device 2 after the completion of the work, and the closed region attribute data creation device is created. 3 is output.

[0046]

According to the present invention, vector line data automatically created by reading an original map such as a topographic map is converted into surface data and the discontinuity is corrected to create closed region data. Since it can be done quickly and easily, it is easy to produce map information that specifies each part of the map and gives attributes.
It is possible to significantly reduce the cost of producing map information. Furthermore, since the map information can be created in a short period of time, the map information can be fully utilized as a management material that can respond to changes quickly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a data configuration diagram of a line data image processing L file 2a of the image vector line data generator 1, and FIG. 2B is a closed surface data image processing D of the closed region attribute data creation device 3;
It is a data block diagram of the file 2b.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a data conversion device.

FIG. 4 is a D file 2b for CPU closed surface image processing.
It is an operation | movement flowchart (the 1) of creation processing.

FIG. 5 is a D file 2b for closing surface image processing of the CPU.
It is an operation | movement flowchart (the 2) of creation processing.

FIG. 6A is a diagram showing image information read by the image vector line data generator 1, and FIG. 6B is a diagram showing an example of a figure drawn by line data generated based on the image information.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of an incomplete map figure created from surface data input to the closed region attribute data creating device 3;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a completed map figure including a number of areas identified by numbers, which are complemented by discontinuities.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of map information completed by assigning attributes to specified areas.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of PCi (i = 1, 2, ... N).

12A is a diagram showing a closed surface data image processing D file 2b of the closed region attribute data creation device 3, and FIG. 12B is a diagram showing a data structure of a closed surface data correction M file 2c.

FIG. 13 is an operation flowchart of a process of creating a closed surface data correction M file 2c of the CPU.

14A and 14B are diagrams illustrating line data.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Image Vector Line Data Generation Device 1-1 Image Scanner 1-2 Pattern Recognition Module 1-3 Line Data Image Processing Device 1-4 RAM (I) 2 Data Conversion Device 3 Closed Area Attribute Data Creation Device 3-1 Closed Surface Data Image processing device 3-2 RAM (II) 3-3 Keyboard 3-4 Plotter 2a Line data image processing L file 2b Closed surface data image processing D file 31 CPU 32 ROM 4-1, 4-2 ... 4 -N Personal computer PCi (i = 1, 2 ... n)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A two-dimensional vector line data is created from raster data obtained by reading an original map such as a topographic map,
Line data that automatically creates at least point data from the vector line data and plane data composed of line data, and connects any discontinuous points of the line data forming the plane data to any other point data or line data. By generating the closed area data corresponding to the surface data, and storing, displaying, or printing the closed area data together with the attribute data added to the closed area data. 2. Line data output means for outputting two-dimensional vector line data based on raster data obtained by automatically reading an original map such as a topographic map, and vector line data output by the line data output means. Surface data output means for outputting surface data composed of at least point data and line data based on the above, and any other point data from the discontinuity point of the line data forming the surface data output by the surface data output means or Closed area data output means for outputting closed area data formed by generating line data connected to the line data, and attribute data provided by inputting the closed area data output by the closed area data output means A map data generating device which separately stores, displays or prints map data generating means. 3. The surface data output by the surface data output means is output to a plurality of the closed area data output means by adding predetermined display data to discontinuous point data of line data forming the surface data. 3. The map data creation device according to claim 2, further comprising: a control unit that causes the map data generation unit to output the closed region data output by the plurality of closed region data output units.