JPH0574502B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in a braking device for a vehicle that stops the vehicle while adjusting the braking force of the wheels.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a braking device for this type of vehicle, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-8777,
The hydraulic pressure generation system that generates hydraulic pressure in the master cylinder based on the depression of the brake pedal and the hydraulic pressure application system that applies hydraulic pressure to the vehicle's wheel cylinders are separate systems, and the latter hydraulic pressure application system is , separately provided with a pressure source for applying hydraulic pressure to the wheel cylinder of the wheel, and a hydraulic pressure adjustment means for adjusting the hydraulic pressure from the pressure source to the wheel cylinder of the wheel when hydraulic pressure is generated in the master cylinder. In addition, a detection means for detecting the axle load of the vehicle is provided, and when the vehicle is braked, the hydraulic pressure adjusting means adjusts the hydraulic pressure from the pressure source to the wheel cylinder of the wheel so that the front and rear wheels simultaneously start to shift to the lock state. There is a known system that automatically corrects the vehicle according to the loading condition of the vehicle to safely stop the vehicle with good directional stability.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in this conventional system, the hydraulic pressure acting from the pressure source to the wheel cylinder of the wheel is automatically corrected according to the loading condition of the vehicle, regardless of the loading condition of the vehicle. This has the advantage that a large braking force can be obtained with a light pedal effort by the vehicle driver.

However, on the other hand, the hydraulic pressure acting on the wheel cylinder from the pressure source is only corrected depending on the vehicle loading condition. For this reason, when there are changes in the weather, road surface conditions, road conditions such as road gradients and traffic jams, in addition to the vehicle loading condition, it is inevitable that the braking effectiveness in response to the driver's brake operation will change; There are problems in that the driver's fatigue increases and the braking feeling received by the driver worsens.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and its purpose is to provide a vehicle equipped with a separate pressure increasing means for increasing the brake fluid pressure in the wheel cylinder to increase the braking effect in response to brake operation, as described above. By improving the control form for the pressure increase means in the control device, it is possible to change the braking effectiveness in response to changes in various conditions such as weather, vehicle loading status, and road surface conditions, thereby making it easier for the driver. The aim is to reduce fatigue and improve braking feeling.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the solving means of the present invention operates a pressure increasing means for increasing the brake fluid pressure in the wheel cylinder to increase the braking effect in response to brake operation. It can be controlled manually by a person.

That is, in this invention, as shown in FIG. 1, pressure increasing means 20 increases the brake fluid pressure generated in the wheel cylinder 4 that applies braking force to the wheel 3 in response to a brake operation by the vehicle driver. and,
Operating sources 12 and 13 that supply operating energy to the pressure increasing means 20 to operate the pressure increasing means 20, and a controller that controls the magnitude of the operating energy supplied from the operating sources 12 and 13 to the pressure increasing means 20. 34, and braking effectiveness adjusting means 42 for adjusting the output of the controller 34 by manual operation so that the magnitude of the brake fluid pressure generated in the wheel cylinder 4 can be changed in response to the brake operation by the vehicle driver. It has been established that

(Function) With the above configuration, in the present invention, when the vehicle is braked by pressing the brake pedal, the actuation sources 12, 1
Operating energy is supplied to the pressure increasing means 20 from 3 to operate the pressure increasing means 20, and the operation of the pressure increasing means 20 increases the brake fluid pressure generated in the wheel cylinder 4 in response to the brake operation by the vehicle driver. is increased in pressure. Therefore, even when the vehicle driver presses the brake pedal lightly, a large braking force can always be stably applied to the wheels 3, reducing driver fatigue.

Further, at this time, the output of the controller 34 is manually adjusted by the braking effect adjusting means 42, and the magnitude of the brake fluid pressure generated in the wheel cylinder 4 is changed in response to the brake operation by the vehicle driver. As a result, a braking feeling according to the driver's preference can be obtained with a simple configuration, and braking effectiveness can be adjusted accordingly even when there are changes in weather, vehicle loading conditions, changes in road surface or road conditions, changes in road gradient, etc. can be easily and simply changed, further reducing driver fatigue and improving braking feeling.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a braking device for a vehicle equipped with an anti-skid system that prevents wheels from skidding during sudden braking. In the figure, 1 is a brake pedal, and 2 is a master cylinder that converts the depression force of the brake pedal 1 into hydraulic pressure corresponding to the depression force.

In addition, 3a to 3d are front, rear, left and right wheels,
Each of the wheels 3a to 3d is provided with a wheel cylinder 4a to 4 which receives hydraulic pressure and applies braking force to the wheel.
d is provided. The master cylinder 2 and each of the wheel cylinders 4a to 4d are connected via hydraulic pressure passages 5a to 5d, respectively, and apply braking force to each wheel 3a to 3d based on depression of the brake pedal 1. It is done like this.

Furthermore, 10 is an anti-skid device,
The anti-skid device 10 has a reservoir 1 therein.
A hydraulic pump 12 that supplies one fluid, and an accumulator 13 that stores the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 12.
The hydraulic pressure from the accumulator 13 is received from the master cylinder 2 to the wheel cylinders 4a to 4d.
and an anti-thread modulator 14 that adjusts the hydraulic pressure to. In this embodiment, the hydraulic pump 12 and the accumulator 13 constitute an operating source for supplying hydraulic pressure as operating energy to each brake control actuator 20a to 20d, which will be described later, to operate the brake control actuators 20a to 20d.

The anti-skid modulator 14 includes four pressure regulating valves 1 which are respectively interposed in hydraulic pressure passages 5a to 5d from the master cylinder 2 to the wheel cylinders 4a to 4d to open and close the hydraulic pressure passages 5a to 5d.
5, and the pressure regulating valve 1 from the above-mentioned accumulator 13.
The switch valve 16 is provided with a switching valve 16 that allows or blocks the action of hydraulic pressure on the pressure regulating valve 15, or allows the return of the hydraulic pressure from the pressure regulating valve 15 to the reservoir 11. Pressure passages 5a to 5d
The opening/closing control of each wheel cylinder 4a to 4
The hydraulic pressure acting on d is adjusted to increase or decrease each wheel 3a to 3.
It is designed to prevent the skidding of d.

Brake control actuators 20a-20d, which constitute the pressure increasing means of the present invention, are interposed in the hydraulic pressure passages 5a-5d upstream of the pressure regulating valve 15 of the anti-skid device 10. The brake control actuators 20a to 20d have the same configuration, and as shown in FIG. 3, the brake control actuator 20c corresponding to the left rear wheel 3c will be described below. It is equipped with a sliding piston 22, a spring chamber 24 compressed with a spring 23 that urges the piston 22 to the right in the figure, and a pressure chamber 25 facing the spring chamber 24. A hydraulic pressure inlet 24a from the hydraulic pressure passage 5c on the master cylinder 2 side opens at the center of the housing 21, and a hydraulic pressure outlet 24b from the hydraulic pressure passage 5c on the wheel cylinder 4c side opens at the left end of the housing 21. has been done. Further, the hydraulic pump 12 and the accumulator 13 of the anti-skid device 10 are connected as pressure sources to the pressure chamber 25 via a pressure introduction passage 26, and the hydraulic pressure (operating pressure) from the hydraulic pump 12 and the accumulator 13 is energy)
In the non-controlled state in which the pressure does not act on the pressure chamber 25, the piston 22 is positioned at the right end position in the figure by the spring 23, and the hydraulic pressure inlet 24a and the hydraulic pressure outlet 24b communicate with each other, so that the hydraulic pressure in the master cylinder 2 is transferred to the wheel cylinder. 4c. On the other hand, during control in which the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 12 and the accumulator 13 acts on the pressure chamber 25, the piston 22 resists the urging force of the spring 23 due to the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 12 and the accumulator 13, as shown in the figure. Move to the left and use the piston 22 to open the hydraulic inlet 24.
By closing a, the hydraulic pressure from the master cylinder 2 to the wheel cylinder 4c is cut off, and after that, the fluid in the spring chamber 24 is made to act on the wheel cylinder 4c from the hydraulic pressure outlet 24b to reduce the hydraulic pressure in the wheel cylinder 4c. It is configured to increase the pressure.

Also, a pressure introduction passage 2 from the hydraulic pump 12 to the brake control actuators 20a to 20d is provided.
6 and 26 each have a front wheel 3 consisting of an on-off valve.
First control valves 30, 30 for the rear wheels 3c, 3d and the rear wheels 3c, 3d are interposed, and
A reservoir 11 is branched from the pressure introduction passages 26, 26 on the downstream side of the first control valves 30, 30.
Second control valves 32, 32 for the front wheels and for the rear wheels, which are respectively on-off valves in the same manner as above, are interposed in the pressure discharge passages 31, 31 communicating with the Control unit 3 each equipped with a CPU, etc.
The control unit 33 controls the opening and closing of the first and second control valves 30 and 32 to supply hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump 12 and the accumulator 13 to the brake control actuators 20a to 20d. A controller 34 is configured to control the magnitude of hydraulic pressure (operating energy).

Furthermore, the control unit 33 includes:
An input hydraulic pressure sensor 40 detects the input hydraulic pressure input to the master cylinder 2 when the vehicle driver depresses the brake pedal 1, and outputs from each of the brake control actuators 20a to 20d to the corresponding wheel cylinders 4a to 4d. Output signals from an output hydraulic pressure sensor 41 that detects the output hydraulic pressure, respectively, and a braking effectiveness adjustment dial 42 provided around the steering wheel inside the vehicle are input. This braking effectiveness adjustment dial 42 constitutes the braking effectiveness adjustment means of the present invention, and is the ratio of the output hydraulic pressure from each brake control actuator 20a to 20d to the input hydraulic pressure to the master cylinder 2, that is, the brake pedal 1. The output of the controller 34 is adjusted such that the boost ratio between the pedal force and the braking force can be variably adjusted, and the magnitude of the brake fluid pressure generated in the wheel cylinder 4c can be changed in response to the vehicle driver's brake operation. Adjust by manual operation. Therefore, the input and output hydraulic pressure sensor 4
Each output signal of 0 and 41 is sent to the control unit 3.
3, and based on the signal, the output of the controller 34 is adjusted by the braking effectiveness adjustment dial 42 so that the ratio of the output hydraulic pressure to the input hydraulic pressure becomes the set value set by the braking effectiveness adjustment dial 42. ing.

In addition, in FIGS. 2 and 3, 50 is a motor that drives the hydraulic pump 12 of the anti-skid device 10. Moreover, in FIG. 2, 51 is a proportioning valve provided upstream of the brake control actuators 20a to 20d.

Therefore, in the embodiment described above, when input hydraulic pressure is generated in the master cylinder 2 due to the driver's depression of the brake pedal 1, each input hydraulic pressure sensor 40 detects the input hydraulic pressure and outputs the input hydraulic pressure from the sensor 40. A detection signal is output, and upon receiving this detection signal, the control unit 33 operates to control opening and closing of each control valve 30, 32, and the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 12 acts on the pressure chambers 25 of the brake control actuators 20a to 20d. Then, the piston 22 moves to the left in FIG. This piston 22
, the hydraulic inlet 24a is closed and the flow from the master cylinder 2 to the wheel cylinders 4a to 4d is
After that, the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 12 and the accumulator 13 is used to control the brake control actuators 20a to 20.
The output hydraulic pressure of d increases while acting on the wheel cylinders 4a to 4d of the respective wheels 3a to 3d. The output hydraulic pressure of each brake control actuator 20a to 20d is determined by each output hydraulic pressure sensor 4.
1, and when the ratio of the output hydraulic pressure to the input hydraulic pressure reaches a set value preset by the braking effect adjustment dial 42, the control valve 3 is activated by the operation of the control unit 33.
The opening/closing control for 0 and 32 is stopped, and as a result, the braking force, which is the pedal force of the brake pedal 1 multiplied to a predetermined ratio, acts on each of the wheels 3a to 3d.
~3d is braked and the vehicle comes to a stop.

In that case, when changing the boost ratio between the depression force of the brake pedal 1 and the braking force of each wheel 3a to 3d, the braking effect adjustment dial 42 is manually adjusted, and the output of the control unit 33 is adjusted accordingly. changing hydraulic pump 1
2 to each brake control actuator 20a to 2
The hydraulic pressure acting on 0d is controlled to increase or decrease, the ratio of the output hydraulic pressure to the input hydraulic pressure is changed, and the boost ratio changes. Therefore, the above-mentioned braking effectiveness adjustment dial 4
By adjusting the boost ratio in step 2, you can change the boost ratio according to the weather, vehicle loading status, changes in road surface conditions, changes in road conditions such as road gradients and traffic jams, etc. For example, when the loaded weight of the vehicle is large, By setting the force ratio to increase while decreasing it when the loaded weight is small, the vehicle can be braked with a light pedal effort from the driver regardless of the loaded state.
Driver fatigue can be significantly reduced, and braking feeling can be improved.

On the other hand, when braking is performed only by pressing the brake pedal or in an abnormal situation where the hydraulic pump 12 becomes inoperable, the pistons 22 of each brake control actuator 20a to 20d are positioned at the right end position in FIG. Since the hydraulic pressure inlet 24a and the hydraulic pressure outlet 24b communicate with each other, the hydraulic pressure generated in the master cylinder 2 is transferred to each brake control actuator 2.
Braking force is applied to each wheel 3a to 3d by acting on each wheel cylinder 4a to 4d without being interrupted at 0a to 20d, and the vehicle is stopped safely and reliably. Therefore, even when the hydraulic pump 12 is inoperable, the braking force of each wheel 3a to 3d can be ensured, and driving safety can be significantly improved.

Moreover, the brake control actuator 20a~
Anti-skid device 10 as a pressure source 20d
Since the hydraulic pump 12 is also used, costs can be reduced accordingly.

Incidentally, in the above embodiment, the anti-skid device 10
Although the brake control actuators 20a to 20d are actuated by the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 12, air pressure may be used, and furthermore, an electric actuator may be used.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, there is provided a pressure increasing means for increasing the brake fluid pressure generated in a wheel cylinder in response to a brake operation by a vehicle driver; A controller is provided to control the magnitude of the operating energy supplied from the operating source, and the controller is configured so that the magnitude of the brake fluid pressure generated in the wheel cylinder can be changed in response to the brake operation by the vehicle driver. By adjusting the output manually by the vehicle driver, the vehicle driver's input to the brake pedal remains constant regardless of changes in the weather, vehicle loading status, road surface conditions, changes in road gradient, etc. A large braking force can always be stably applied to the wheels even with a light pedal effort, reducing driver fatigue and improving braking feeling.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present invention. 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a general schematic diagram, and FIG. 3 is a main part diagram showing a control system for the left rear wheel. 1...Brake pedal, 2...Master cylinder, 3a-3d...Wheel, 4a-4d...Wheel cylinder, 5a-5d...Hydraulic pressure passage, 12...
Hydraulic pump (actuation source), 13... Accumulator (actuation source), 20a to 20d... Brake control actuator (pressure increase means), 34... Controller,
40... Input hydraulic pressure sensor, 41... Output hydraulic pressure sensor, 42... Braking effectiveness adjustment dial (braking effectiveness adjustment means).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Pressure increasing means for increasing brake fluid pressure generated in a wheel cylinder that applies braking force to a wheel in response to a brake operation by a vehicle driver; and operating energy for the pressure increasing means. an actuation source that supplies and operates the pressure increase means; a controller that controls the amount of actuation energy supplied from the actuation source to the pressure increase means; 1. A braking device for a vehicle, comprising: braking effectiveness adjusting means for adjusting the output of the controller by manual operation so that the magnitude of brake fluid pressure generated can be changed.