JPH0581386B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" When grinding various long cutlery tools such as veneer laces and veneer slicers, the present invention aims to improve the cutting edge of the cutter tool after the main cutting surface has been ground by an existing knife grinder. This relates to a method of controlling super-finishing by once grinding a part so that the angle is larger than the original cutting edge angle, and then sharpening the cutting edge part in multiple steps into a curved surface that approximates an R shape by a collection of tangents. It is.

``Conventional technology'' Traditionally, the above type of superfinishing of the cutting edge has been done artificially by hand with a flat whetstone, and in recent years, as an alternative to this manual process, the elastic force of a spring has been used. Attempts have also been made to press a grindstone against the cutting edge surface for superfinishing.

``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' However, the former type of artificial work is performed manually, relying on intuition, and requires considerable skill and takes a long time, making it extremely inefficient.

In addition, even in the latter method that uses the elastic force of the spring, even if you set the amount equivalent to manual grinding and start grinding, the spring elastic force will certainly cause the whetstone to enjoy the pressing force. However, this pressing force varies compared to the set value and causes constant vibration to the grinding wheel, causing the grinding wheel to bounce slightly in the longitudinal direction of the cutting edge surface, causing damage to the cutting edge. Become.

However, according to the conventional method, the super-finished surface of the cutter after main cutting surface grinding does not have a constant sharpening, so it is not in a mechanically uniform state. Since the cutting edge angle of the cutlery is sharp and the cutting edge surface derived from the cutting edge angle is straight, the wall thickness remains thin, the blade is easily chipped, and the blade has poor durability.

"Means for Solving the Problems" In view of the above, the present invention uses fluid pressure to regulate the amount by which a rotary grindstone moves back when pressed against the cutting edge surface of a cutter after the main cutting surface has been ground. After determining the amount of grinding, the rotating grindstone, whose angle is set to be larger than the original cutting edge angle, is moved in the longitudinal direction of the tool while being biased by fluid pressure. The grinding wheel is moved forward or backward to sharpen the cutting edge angle of the cutter, and then the rotating whetstone is moved back and forth so that the angle becomes gradually more acute than the once ground angle, and the amount of grinding gradually decreases. The cutting edge of the knife is ground into a curved surface that approximates an R shape by a collection of tangent lines by multiple stages of sharpening by moving or reciprocating.While maintaining the sharpness of the knife, the thickness of the edge is thickened to improve the blade's durability. It is in good condition.

"Embodiment" Hereinafter, an embodiment of an apparatus for directly carrying out the method of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

On one side of the bed 2 having at least the length of the blade 1 to be ground, a mounting table 4 for holding the blade 1 under pressure with a blade holder 3 is installed.

At the top of both sides of the bed 2, there are rollers 5 at the four corners.
A driving device 7 is installed on this traveling object 6. This drive device 7
is a fluid motion, a screw motion, or a prime mover 8 attached to the lower part of one side of a running body 6 as shown in the figure, and a pulley 9 of this prime mover 8 and a pulley 10 pivotally supported below the prime mover 8.
A belt 11 is suspended between them, and a chain wheel 12 fitted to the other end of the pulley 10 is secured to both ends of the bed 2 in the longitudinal direction by springs (not shown), and is in a tensioned state. It meshes with the held chain 13, allowing the traveling body 6 to freely reciprocate.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the chain wheel 12
A pair of auxiliary chain wheels 14 are supported on both sides adjacent to the chain 13, and are meshed with the chain 13, thereby preventing vibration when the chain wheel 12 rotates in mesh.

A pair of upper and lower bases 15 and 16 are attached to the traveling body 6 so as to face the blade 1 of the mounting base 4 and are shifted in phase from each other in the longitudinal direction thereof. In this embodiment, the blade 1 is fixed by pressing the blade surface 17 portion as the lower surface, so the blade surface 17
In order to follow the inclined surface of the base 16, an angle setting device 18 is provided, especially on the lower base 16, in accordance with gear toothing or a screw movement as shown in the figure.

That is, a pair of support plates 19 arranged on both sides thereof
, the lower base 16 is pivoted in an inclined manner,
Further, a guide rod 21 protruding from the lower base 16 is inserted into the lower opening 20 of one of the support plates 19, and the other end of the guide rod 21 is engaged with a screw shaft 23 to which a motor 22 is directly connected. The inclination state of the lower base 16 is adjusted by the screw movement of the screw shaft 23, and this angle is detected by a rotation angle detector 24 comprising an encoder, a linear transformer, etc.

The pair of upper and lower bases 15 and 16 each have a prime mover 25 installed on one side thereof, and are slidable in the axial direction with respect to a rotating shaft 28 supported between a pulley 26 of the prime mover 25 and a pair of bearings 27. pulley 29
A belt 30 is hung around the belt.

Further, a guide plate 31 is installed at a constant interval approximately in the center of these bases 15 and 16, and a sliding table 32 that can freely move forward and backward toward the cutting edge of the cutter 1 is engaged between the guide plates 31. By doing so, the first sliding part 33 is configured to be able to move forward and backward in the direction of the cutting edge with respect to the bases 15 and 16, and further, the sliding part 32
A second sliding part 36 is constructed by mounting a sliding body 35 on a sliding guide 34 installed in the sliding guide 34, and the first sliding part 33 and the second sliding part 36 are relatively slidable.
In the illustrated example, a sliding guide 34 employing a linear way supports an annular sliding body 35 that supports the rotary shaft 28 through the sliding guide 34.
A regulation plate 37 is installed at the rear of the vehicle.

Further, a bearing 39 for supporting a feed shaft 38 is installed on the other side of the pair of upper and lower bases 15, 16,
This feed shaft 38 is screwed into an arm 40 protruding from one side of the slide table 32. Furthermore, a dial indicator 41 with contacts that can set a plurality of preset amounts is attached to the sliding base 32, and the tip of the spindle 42 is brought into contact with the regulating plate 37, so that the sliding base 32 feed amount, i.e.
A rotating grindstone 43 fitted to the tip of the rotating shaft 28
The amount of grinding of the cutter 1 is set by

In this embodiment, the grinding amount setting device 44 is connected to a motor 4 directly connected to the base end of the feed shaft 38.
5 is driven, and when it is confirmed by a proximity switch (not shown) etc. that the indicated scale of the dial indicator 41 has reached the desired preset amount, the drive is stopped.
Instead of this dial indicator 41, a detection mechanism using an encoder, linear transformer, etc. may be used.

At this time, the same effect can be obtained by using the components arranged on the bases 15 and 16 in the same arrangement as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
In FIGS. 6 to 7, parts that are the same as those in the above embodiment are given the same numbers and will not be described repeatedly. That is, the base 1 is slidable relative to the cutter 1.
The first sliding portion 33 on the bases 15, 16
It is constructed by fitting and supporting a rack member 47 into a bearing 46 installed above, and the rack member 47 is slidable in the direction of the cutting edge when driven by a motor 45. Furthermore, the second sliding part 36 that supports the rotary grindstone 43 for grinding the cutter 1 supports the rotary shaft 28 slidably in the axial direction between a pair of bearings 27 installed on the bases 15 and 16. It is composed of At this time, a fluid cylinder 49 is attached to the upper end of a bracket 48 fitted to the tip of the rack member 47, and the tip of its piston rod 50 is connected to the regulating plate 37. Further, the grinding amount setting device 44 is controlled by a motor 45 that drives a rack member 47, and uses a proximity switch (not shown) or the like to indicate that the indication scale of the dial indicator 41 has reached an arbitrary preset amount. The setting is made by stopping the drive when it is confirmed that the

51 in the figure is a detector consisting of a limit switch, a phototube, a proximity switch, etc. attached to both ends of the bases 15 and 16, and 52 in the figure is a detector installed between the bed 2 and the mounting table 4. This is a cooling water receiving gutter provided over the entire moving distance of the rotary grindstone 43. FIG. 8 shows a knife 1 whose main cutting surface has been ground using an existing knife grinder. Linear fissures are formed at a certain interval, and burrs 53 are formed toward the back side of the blade. If this rough ground surface is superfinished, a blade 54 with a smooth surface as shown in FIG. 9 will be obtained, and the grinding marks will be wiped out. By taking the blade angle 55 from the back side of the blade at the time of cutting 54, the cutting edge 54 becomes an obtuse angle, and a cutter 1 with less edge spillage can be obtained.

Next, an overview of the basic control system in the cutting edge superfinishing control method of the present invention will be explained based on the block diagrams shown in FIGS. 10 to 11.

That is, in the arithmetic circuit 56, an angle that is larger than the sharp edge angle and the amount of grinding at this angle are set for the cutting edge portion of the cutter 1, and then the grinding amount at this angle is set. The angle that is acute with respect to the angle and the amount of grinding at that angle are set as decreasing values, and from then on, the angle that is acute with respect to the previous angle, and the amount of grinding at this angle are compared to the previous amount of grinding. The automatic control system is set up step by step in a progressively decreasing state, and is essentially incorporated in multiple types, and each time,
There is a manual control system with respective memory devices 57 for inputting new angles and grinding amounts and for storing these multiple inputs. Further, as a mechanism for detecting the amount of grinding at each angle, the detector detects the forward movement of the cutter 1 from one end in the longitudinal direction to the other end, and conversely, the backward movement from the other end to the one end. 51 and integrated by a counter 58. Furthermore, in addition to this, the amount of grinding can be set at each contact point of the dial indicator 41 as a preset amount that takes into account the amount of wear of the rotary grindstone 43, and this preset amount can be detected by a proximity switch or the like,
It is also possible to use a video sensor to photograph the grinding stock and detect, using an image signal, that the grinding stock has reached a set grinding amount.

First, the blade 1 whose main blade surface has been ground using an existing knife grinder is placed on the mounting table 4 with the blade surface 16 facing downward, and the blade holder 3
Press and hold by.

Under this condition, first select whether the control system is automatic or manual. Normally, in each plywood factory, the use and management conditions of the cutter 1 are almost determined empirically, and the grinding angle and amount of grinding at that angle are standardized, so multiple types of automatic control systems One of these is often instructed, but if there is a change in angle, a manual control system is used. In the case of this manual control system, angles and grinding amounts are input into each storage device 57 as necessary.

First, the cutting edge of the knife 1 after main cutting surface grinding is sharp and has a thin wall pressure, so in order to increase this wall pressure to some extent, the angle is made larger than the original cutting edge angle. At the same time, the amount of grinding at that angle is also large, and one end is ground so that the sharp portion of the cutting edge has a surface condition with a certain width. The grinding wheel 43 is moved forward or backward in multiple steps so that the cutting edge portion, which has a surface condition after grinding, becomes an acute angle in sequence with respect to this angle, and so that the amount of grinding at each angle gradually decreases. It is polished and superfinished into a curved surface that approximates an R shape by a collection of tangents.

Listing these specific numbers, for example:
If the initial cutting edge angle is 21 degrees, the angle that is greater than the cutting edge angle is 30 degrees, and the next acute angles are 28 degrees, 26 degrees, etc. , the amount of grinding at an angle of 30 degrees is 8/100~10/100
The amount of grinding at mm, 28 degrees and angle is 5/100 to 6/100
The amount of grinding at a 26 degree angle is 2/100 to 3/100 mm.
mm, and if each grinding amount is simulated as 58 counters, at an angle of 30 degrees, it is 7 to 10 times, at an angle of 28 degrees, it is 4 to 5 times, and at an angle of 26 degrees, it is 2 times.
~3 times.

When using the dial indicator 41 to set these grinding amounts, the amount of wear of the rotary grindstone 43, which is known empirically, should be added to each numerical value to set the preset amount, and the video sensor should also be used. If adopted, it is determined based on image signals.

That is, first, based on the signal from the angle setting device 18, the motor 22 is driven by a required amount in order to set the grinding angle for the blade surface portion of the lower rotary grindstone 43, and this angle is detected by the rotation angle detection device 24. It is detected and the drive device 7 is activated.

Thereafter, the grinding amount setting device 44 performs an initial setting of the amount of grinding to be applied to the cutting edge. First, the motor 8 is driven so that the rotary grindstone 43 reaches the surface of the cutter, and the traveling body 6 is moved. When the traveling body 6 reaches the surface of the cutter 1, the fluid cylinder 49 is activated and fluid is supplied from each port to the piston rod 50 so that the pressure in the rear cylinder chamber is higher than that in the front cylinder chamber. is extended, the first sliding part 33 and the second sliding part 36 are moved forward toward the cutting edge while the regulating plate 37 is pressed forward at all times, and at the same time, the prime mover 25 is driven to position it at the backward limit. Rotation is applied to the rotating grindstone 43.

At this time, in the former embodiment, the feed shaft 38
When the sliding table 32 is screwed and rotated, the sliding table 32 is rotated by the guide plate 31.
The rotating grindstone 43 moves forward together with the sliding body 35 while being guided by the blade 1, and after the rotary grindstone 43 comes into contact with the cutting edge surface of the cutter 1, the sliding body 35 moves forward with the sliding table 32 stopped at the current position.
only begins to retreat. That is, even if the rotary grindstone 43 comes into contact with the cutting edge surface of the cutter 1, the feed shaft 38 still
If the slider 35 is spirally rotating, a moment acts on the slider 35 to try to retreat together with the slider 32, but since it is constantly pressed forward by the piston rod 50 of the fluid cylinder 49, the rotary grindstone 43 remains in contact with the cutting edge surface and becomes relatively stationary, and only the sliding body 35 retreats.

This amount of retraction takes into account the amount of grinding for the cutting edge 54 on the cutting edge, plus the expected amount of fine undulations and differences in the amount of unevenness that normally exist at the time the main cutting surface is ground. It is a thing,
When the indication scale set by the preset amount of the dial indicator 41 is reached, the screw rotation of the feed shaft 38 is stopped.

Further, according to the latter embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the rack member 47 is advanced along the bearing 46, the piston rod 50 of the fluid cylinder 49 attached to the bracket 48 moves against the regulating plate 37. The rotary shaft 28 is slid in the axial direction through the rotary grindstone 43, and the rotary grindstone 43 is brought into contact with the cutting edge surface of the cutter 1. Thereafter, a moment acts on the rotary shaft 28 to try to retreat from the current position, but as in the former embodiment, the rotary shaft 28 is constantly pressed forward by the piston rod 50 of the fluid cylinder 49, so that the rotary whetstone 43 comes into contact with the cutting edge surface. The fluid pressure that presses the rotary shaft 28 forward includes the amount of grinding for the cutting edge portion 54, as well as the difference in the amount of minute undulations and irregularities that normally exist when the main cutting surface is ground. The rotation shaft 2 is rotated against this fluid pressure.
The amount by which the blade 8 moves back is the amount of grinding required for the blade attachment 54 on the cutting edge portion.

After setting this amount of grinding, remove the fluid from the rear cylinder chamber of the fluid cylinder 49 and remove the piston rod 5.
0 reaches the reduction limit, and the driving device 7 temporarily returns the traveling body 6 to the standby position.

When setting the grinding amount, that is, until the sliding body 35 stops retreating, the rotary grindstone 43 is in constant contact with the blade edge surface in a rotating state, and in order to avoid contact with the same part of the blade edge, The running body 6 may be run at low speed.

Conversely, when setting the grinding amount, the grinding amount is initially set without driving the rotary grindstone 43, that is, in a stopped state, and when the rotary grindstone 43 is returned to the standby position, the prime mover 25 is driven. In some cases, rotation is applied to the rotary grindstone 43 located at the backward limit.

When the chain wheel 12 is rotated when the drive device 7 starts driving, the chain wheel 12 is held between the auxiliary chains 14 on both sides thereof, and the amount of suspension relative to the chain 13 has been increased, so that the chain wheel 12 is not connected to the chain link. This prevents slipping during transfer and allows the traveling body 6 to move smoothly. During forward movement, when the traveling body 6 reaches one end in the longitudinal direction of the blade 1 and the detector 51 detects this, the distance is determined by a timer or the like or by the amount of pulses, and the prime mover 8 is reversely driven. At the same time, the supply of fluid to the rear chamber of the fluid cylinder 49 is temporarily stopped, and during this time, the rotating grindstone 43 is separated from the cutting edge surface.

Thereafter, the backward and forward movements of the traveling body 6 are repeated so that the cutting edge portion of the cutter 1 is not burnt. Initially, the rotary grindstone 43 contacts the sharp portion of the cutter 1 in a line contact state, so that the amount of grinding decreases as the number of times detected by the counter 58 increases.

When it is determined from the number of times on the counter 58 that the grinding at the initial angle has been completed, the drive device 7 is temporarily stopped, and the automatic control system directly controls the next stage angle setting device 18 and the manual control system. is sent to the next stage angle setting device 18 via the storage device 57, and as described above, the multi-stage sharpening is completed by repeating the two-stage sharpening, the three-stage sharpening, and so on in sequence. The cutting edge portion, which had become planar due to the initial grinding, becomes a curved surface that approximates an R shape due to a collection of tangents.

In this embodiment, in order to simultaneously grind the blade surface 17 portion and the blade back portion of the blade 1 which is pressed and fixed in a horizontal state, the rotary whetstone 43 is placed opposite to the blade 1.
are arranged in pairs above and below, but when the cutter 1 is press-fixed in a vertical position, the bases 15 and 16 on which the rotary whetstone 43 facing the cutter 1 is placed are used. The rotating whetstone 43 on the base 15 on the back side of the blade only needs to remove the burr 53 and the grinding marks on the back side of the blade 1, so the blade surface During the first grinding of the blade 17, the blade is brought into contact parallel to the back surface of the blade, and the number of times the blade back is ground is also smaller than that of the blade surface 17. For example, when the amount of grinding is simulated as the number of times on the counter 58, if the number of times set on the front side of the blade is 10, the standard value on the back side of the blade is around 7, and the number of times performed on the front side of the blade is 10 times. When three times have passed, the grinding of the back side of the blade shall be started, and the grinding of the front and back sides of the blade shall be completed at the same time. In addition, when taking the blade angle 55, after suitably inclining the base 15 on the back side of the blade, grinding of the blade face 17 and the blade back shall be completed at the same time as described above, and further, During the next and subsequent stages of grinding, the rotary grindstone 43 on the back side of the blade is placed on standby in the retracted position.

"Effects" As described above, according to the present invention, the amount of grinding can be controlled by using fluid pressure to regulate the amount by which the rotary grindstone moves back when the grindstone is pressed against the cutting edge surface of the cutter after the main cutting surface has been ground. After determining the angle, the rotating grindstone, which is set at an angle that is larger than the initial angle of the cutting edge, is biased by fluid pressure while
The blade is moved forward or backward in the longitudinal direction of the blade, the cutting edge angle of the blade is ground to a large degree, and then the angle that has been ground is gradually made acute, and the amount of grinding is gradually reduced. Since the rotary grindstone is honed in multiple stages by moving forward or backward, and the cutting edge of the cutter is ground into a curved surface that approximates an R shape by a collection of tangents, the work can be automated.

However, since the blade edge of the super-finished knife using the conventional method was thin and sharp, the blade was easily chipped by streaks, gravel, tar pots, etc. during cutting of logs. The second part of the front was worn out due to sliding contact with the raw wood, resulting in poor blade durability.However, according to the present invention, while maintaining its sharpness, the thickness of the edge of the blade is made thicker, resulting in blade durability. A knife in good condition is obtained.

Furthermore, even if the cutter is long and has slight deformation or unevenness in its longitudinal direction, it can be ground uniformly from the contact surface of the rotary whetstone by the set amount of grinding. Since the cutting edge and the rotating whetstone are once separated from each other until it reaches the longitudinal end of the tool and moves backward or forward, it eliminates the so-called sagging of the cutting edge, which requires unnecessary grinding of both ends of the cutting edge. By avoiding collision between the longitudinal ends and the rotating grindstone, damage to both can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of an apparatus for directly carrying out the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line D in FIG.
6 is an enlarged view of main parts showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the cutting edge before superfinishing. Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the cutting edge after superfinishing, Fig. 10 is a block diagram of the automatic control system schematically showing the method of the present invention, and Fig. 11 is a block diagram of the manual control system schematically showing the method of the present invention. It is a diagram. 1...Knife, 2...Bed, 4...Placement stand, 6
... Traveling body, 15, 16 ... Base, 18 ... Angle setting device, 24 ... Rotation angle detection device, 32 ... Sliding base, 33 ... First sliding part, 35 ... Sliding body, 3
6... Second sliding part, 41... Dial indicator, 43... Rotary grindstone, 47... Rack member, 4
8...Bracket, 54...Blade, 56...Arithmetic circuit, 58...Counter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. After determining the amount of grinding by regulating the amount of retreat by fluid pressure when a rotary grindstone is pressed against the cutting edge surface of the cutter after the main cutting surface has been ground,
A rotary grindstone, whose angle is set so that the angle is larger than the original edge angle of the cutter, is moved forward or backward in the longitudinal direction of the cutter while being biased by fluid pressure. The cutting edge angle is ground to a large value, and then the angle becomes gradually more acute with respect to the once ground angle, and the amount of grinding gradually decreases.
A cutting edge superfinishing control method characterized by performing multiple steps of sharpening by moving a rotary grindstone forward or backward, and grinding the cutting edge portion of a cutter into a curved surface that approximates an R shape by a collection of tangents. 2. The cutting edge superfinishing control method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of grinding is determined by bringing a rotary grindstone into contact with the cutting edge surface of the cutting tool while rotating it and running it at low speed in the longitudinal direction of the cutting edge. 3. Claim 1, in which the amount of grinding is determined by bringing a rotating grindstone into contact with the cutting edge surface of a cutter in a stopped state.
The cutting edge superfinishing control method described in . 4. Every time the rotating whetstone reaches the longitudinal end of the cutter, it reverses and moves forward or backward,
A cutting edge superfinishing control method according to claim 1, wherein fluid pressure on the cutting edge of a rotary grindstone is temporarily released.