JPH0587295B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0587295B2 JPH0587295B2 JP20169590A JP20169590A JPH0587295B2 JP H0587295 B2 JPH0587295 B2 JP H0587295B2 JP 20169590 A JP20169590 A JP 20169590A JP 20169590 A JP20169590 A JP 20169590A JP H0587295 B2 JPH0587295 B2 JP H0587295B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- gas
- liquid
- reaction
- permeable membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2475—Membrane reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、生成ガスの収集方法および装置に関
し、特に液相吸熱反応により、液相の原料から気
相の生成物を得る方法および装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for collecting product gas, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for obtaining a gas phase product from a liquid phase raw material by a liquid phase endothermic reaction. .
［従来の技術］
化学工業の分野では、各種反応を利用して液体
原料から気体生成物を得ることが広く行われてい
る。液相吸熱反応を利用する場合、従来は大きな
熱源を必要とした。しかも液面から蒸発した原料
蒸気と反応生成物との分離・回収を蒸溜操作によ
つて行つていた。[Prior Art] In the field of chemical industry, various reactions are widely used to obtain gaseous products from liquid raw materials. Conventionally, when using a liquid phase endothermic reaction, a large heat source was required. Moreover, the raw material vapor evaporated from the liquid surface and the reaction products were separated and recovered by distillation.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
しかしながら、上記従来の方法では、反応生成
物に比べ原料の蒸発が大きくなればなるほど、ま
た原料と反応生成物の沸点差が小さい程、より大
きな蒸留塔、より大きな熱源が必要となり、熱を
効率よく利用できないという重大な問題点があつ
た。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above conventional method, the larger the evaporation of the raw material compared to the reaction product, and the smaller the difference in boiling point between the raw material and the reaction product, the larger the distillation column. There was a serious problem that a large heat source was required and the heat could not be used efficiently.
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記従来の問題点を解決するために、本発明に
よる方法は液相反応によつて気相の生成物を発生
する液体の原料の液面上を気体透過膜で覆い、前
記原料に反応を生ぜしめ、発生した気相生成物を
前記気体透過膜を通過させて収集することを特徴
とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the method according to the present invention uses a gas-permeable membrane to pass over the liquid surface of a liquid raw material that generates a gas-phase product by a liquid-phase reaction. The method is characterized in that the raw material is covered with gas, a reaction is caused in the raw material, and the generated gas phase product is passed through the gas permeable membrane and collected.
本発明による装置は液体原料を収容する容器
と、該容器内に収容された前記液体原料の表面を
覆う気体透過膜と、前記原料に反応を生ぜしめて
気相の生成物を発生させる手段と、前記気体透過
膜を透過した前記生成物を収集する液相反応によ
つて生成する手段とを具えたことを特徴とする。 The apparatus according to the present invention includes a container containing a liquid raw material, a gas permeable membrane covering the surface of the liquid raw material contained in the container, and means for causing a reaction in the raw material to generate a gas phase product. The method is characterized by comprising means for generating the product through a liquid phase reaction for collecting the product that has passed through the gas permeable membrane.
［作用］
本発明では反応槽の原料液面上に気体透過性の
膜を置く。そのことによつて、蒸発面積の減少を
図り、界面からの原料の蒸発を抑制する。そのた
めに原料の蒸発のために消費されていた熱が不要
となる。さらに原料と生成物を分離するための蒸
留操作が不要になる。従つて熱を大幅に節約で
き、気相の反応生成物を効率よく収集することが
できる。[Function] In the present invention, a gas permeable membrane is placed on the raw material liquid level in the reaction tank. This reduces the evaporation area and suppresses evaporation of the raw material from the interface. Therefore, the heat that would have been consumed for evaporating the raw material is no longer necessary. Furthermore, a distillation operation for separating raw materials and products becomes unnecessary. Therefore, considerable heat can be saved and reaction products in the gas phase can be collected efficiently.
また、蒸留塔を必要としないため、装置をコン
パクトにできる。 Furthermore, since a distillation column is not required, the apparatus can be made compact.
［実施例］
２−プロパノールからのアセトンと水素の収集
について説明する。[Example] Collection of acetone and hydrogen from 2-propanol will be described.
２−プロパノールはNi触媒のもとで加熱する
と、次式の反応によつてアセトンと水素とに分解
される。 When 2-propanol is heated under a Ni catalyst, it is decomposed into acetone and hydrogen through the following reaction.
（CH3）2CHOH（ｌ）→（CH3）2CO（ｇ）＋H2
（ｇ）（ΔH゜＝100.4kJ／mol）
加熱温度は60℃以上，好ましくは70℃以上とす
る。ただし、２−プロパノールの沸点（約82.3
℃）をこえない様にする。 (CH 3 ) 2 CHOH (l) → (CH 3 ) 2 CO (g) + H 2
(g) (ΔH゜=100.4 kJ/mol) The heating temperature is 60°C or higher, preferably 70°C or higher. However, the boiling point of 2-propanol (approximately 82.3
℃).
第１図はこのようにしてアセトンと水素とを生
成させ、収集するための、本発明による装置の模
式的断面図である。反応槽１内に原料である２−
プロパノール２をNi触媒と共にいれ、フロート
３に固定した気体透過膜４を原料２の表面に浮べ
る。これは、反応の進行によつて液面の位置が変
わつても気体透過膜は常に液面上にあるようにす
るためである。気体透過膜には、シリコーンゴム
膜（水素透過量：3.94×105cm3／day・m2・atm、
アセトン透過量7.55×105cm3／day・m2・atm）を
使用するとよい。図示しない熱源によつて加熱す
ると、原料の２−プロパノールは、懸濁させたニ
ツケル触媒により、アセトンガスと水素ガスに分
解される。ここで、生成されたガスは気泡として
原料液中を上昇し、気体透過膜を通過し、取り出
し口１Ａから反応槽外部へ取り出される。原料液
の蒸発は、上昇中の気泡界面でのみ起こる。従来
の装置では原料液の表面が気相と接しているため
に、原料である２−プロパノールの蒸発は、原料
液面上と液体中の気泡表面上で起こる。液体中の
気泡内はその周辺に比べ圧力が高くなつているた
め、原料液面上での蒸発は気泡表面での蒸発に比
べてはるかに大きい。一方、本発明の装置では気
体透過膜が液体からみた場合は壁として働くた
め、液体の蒸発が可能な界面は、反応により生じ
た液体中の気泡表面のみとなり、蒸発の大幅な抑
制が可能である。 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an apparatus according to the invention for producing and collecting acetone and hydrogen in this way. In the reaction tank 1, there is a raw material 2-
Propanol 2 is put together with a Ni catalyst, and a gas permeable membrane 4 fixed to a float 3 is floated on the surface of the raw material 2. This is to ensure that the gas permeable membrane is always above the liquid level even if the position of the liquid level changes as the reaction progresses. The gas permeable membrane is a silicone rubber membrane (hydrogen permeation amount: 3.94×10 5 cm 3 /day・m 2・atm,
It is recommended to use an acetone permeation amount of 7.55×10 5 cm 3 /day・m 2・atm). When heated by a heat source (not shown), the raw material 2-propanol is decomposed into acetone gas and hydrogen gas by the suspended nickel catalyst. Here, the generated gas rises in the raw material liquid as bubbles, passes through the gas permeable membrane, and is taken out from the outlet 1A to the outside of the reaction tank. Evaporation of the raw material liquid occurs only at the rising bubble interface. In the conventional apparatus, since the surface of the raw material liquid is in contact with the gas phase, evaporation of 2-propanol, which is the raw material, occurs on the surface of the raw material liquid and on the surface of bubbles in the liquid. Since the pressure inside the bubble in the liquid is higher than in the surrounding area, evaporation on the surface of the raw material liquid is much greater than evaporation on the surface of the bubble. On the other hand, in the device of the present invention, since the gas permeable membrane acts as a wall when viewed from the liquid, the only interface where the liquid can evaporate is the surface of the bubbles in the liquid generated by the reaction, making it possible to significantly suppress evaporation. be.
このように本発明によれば原料の蒸発が大幅に
減少するので、生成ガスからの原料の分離工程を
大幅に簡略化できる。さらに、熱源から供給され
る熱のうち、原料蒸発のために失われる熱が減少
するので熱効率を大幅に向上させることができ
る。 As described above, according to the present invention, since the evaporation of the raw material is significantly reduced, the process of separating the raw material from the generated gas can be greatly simplified. Furthermore, of the heat supplied from the heat source, the heat lost due to raw material evaporation is reduced, so thermal efficiency can be significantly improved.
第２図は本発明による装置の他の実施例の模式
的断面図である。この実施例は反応槽であるシリ
ンジ５の中に原料２を入れ、中空のピストン６の
液面と接する部分を気体透過膜４にしたものであ
る。第１図の実施例における、フロート３の代わ
りにピストン６を使うことによつて原料の液体内
の圧力は高くなるため、気泡中への蒸発は一層少
なくなる。生成したガスは中空ピストン６に設け
た取り出し口６Ａから取り出される。 FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention. In this embodiment, a raw material 2 is put into a syringe 5 which is a reaction tank, and a gas permeable membrane 4 is formed on the part of a hollow piston 6 that comes into contact with the liquid surface. By using the piston 6 instead of the float 3 in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the pressure within the raw material liquid is higher, so that evaporation into bubbles is less. The generated gas is taken out from an outlet 6A provided in the hollow piston 6.
第３図に本発明による装置のさらに他の実施例
の模式的断面を示す。この実施例は太陽熱を加熱
源とするパネル型である。反応槽の７の側壁７Ａ
に気体透過膜４が固定されている。太陽光を生成
ガス室８側から受け、原料液２を加熱する。従つ
て、生成ガス室８は薄い方がよい。反応槽８は支
持台９に支持されている。気泡の表面以外の気液
界面をなくすために、反応槽７が原料で常に満た
されるようにに原料供給口７Ｂから原料を供給す
る。従つて、原料の液はわずかに加圧され、その
分だけ気泡中への原料の蒸発を防ぐことができ
る。生成したガスは気体透過膜４を通り、取り出
し口８Ａから取り出される。 FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section of yet another embodiment of the device according to the invention. This embodiment is a panel type that uses solar heat as its heating source. Side wall 7A of reaction tank 7
A gas permeable membrane 4 is fixed to. The raw material liquid 2 is heated by receiving sunlight from the generated gas chamber 8 side. Therefore, the thinner the generated gas chamber 8 is, the better. The reaction tank 8 is supported by a support stand 9. In order to eliminate gas-liquid interfaces other than the surface of the bubbles, the raw material is supplied from the raw material supply port 7B so that the reaction tank 7 is always filled with the raw material. Therefore, the raw material liquid is slightly pressurized, which can prevent the raw material from evaporating into bubbles. The generated gas passes through the gas permeable membrane 4 and is taken out from the outlet 8A.
［発明の効果］
以上説明したよう、本発明によれば、原料の蒸
発を抑えることにより、目的とする反応生成物を
熱効率よく、しかも簡単な工程で有効に得ること
ができる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, by suppressing the evaporation of raw materials, the desired reaction product can be effectively obtained with good thermal efficiency and in a simple process.
本発明は２−プロパノールの脱水素反応に限ら
ず、液相吸熱反応によつてガスを生成させ、収集
するために広く適用することができる。 The present invention is not limited to the dehydrogenation reaction of 2-propanol, but can be widely applied to generating and collecting gas by a liquid phase endothermic reaction.
第１図ないし第３図はそれぞれ本発明による装
置の模式的断面図である。
１…反応槽、２…原料液、３…フロート、４…
気体透過膜、５…シリンジ、６…ピストン、７…
反応槽、８…生成ガス室。
1 to 3 are each a schematic cross-sectional view of a device according to the invention. 1... Reaction tank, 2... Raw material liquid, 3... Float, 4...
Gas permeable membrane, 5... syringe, 6... piston, 7...
Reaction tank, 8... generated gas chamber.
Claims (1)
体の原料の液面上を気体透過膜で覆い、前記原料
に反応を生ぜしめ、発生した気相生成物を前記気
体透過膜を通過させて収集することを特徴とする
液相反応によつて生成するガスの収集方法。 ２ 液体原料を収容する容器と、該容器内に収容
された前記液体原料の表面を覆う気体透過膜と、
前記原料に反応を生ぜしめて気相の生成物を発生
させる手段と、 前記気体透過膜を透過した前記生成物を収集す
る手段とを具えたことを特徴とする液相反応によ
つて生成するガスの収集装置。[Claims] 1. A gas-permeable membrane that covers the surface of a liquid raw material that generates a gas-phase product through a liquid-phase reaction, causes a reaction in the raw material, and releases the generated gas-phase product. A method for collecting gas generated by a liquid phase reaction, characterized in that the gas is collected by passing through the gas permeable membrane. 2. a container containing a liquid raw material; a gas permeable membrane covering the surface of the liquid raw material contained in the container;
A gas produced by a liquid phase reaction, comprising means for causing a reaction in the raw material to generate a gas phase product, and a means for collecting the product that has passed through the gas permeable membrane. collection device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20169590A JPH0487634A (en) | 1990-07-30 | 1990-07-30 | Method and device for collecting gas produced by liquid phase reaction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20169590A JPH0487634A (en) | 1990-07-30 | 1990-07-30 | Method and device for collecting gas produced by liquid phase reaction |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0487634A JPH0487634A (en) | 1992-03-19 |
| JPH0587295B2 true JPH0587295B2 (en) | 1993-12-16 |
Family
ID=16445383
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20169590A Granted JPH0487634A (en) | 1990-07-30 | 1990-07-30 | Method and device for collecting gas produced by liquid phase reaction |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0487634A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005200253A (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2005-07-28 | Jfe Engineering Kk | High-pressure hydrogen supply/utilization method |
| JP4835967B2 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2011-12-14 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Hydrogen production system |
| CN115078026B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2025-12-02 | 山东大学 | A device for separating and enriching organomercury phenyl derivatives |
-
1990
- 1990-07-30 JP JP20169590A patent/JPH0487634A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0487634A (en) | 1992-03-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |