JPH059159Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a heat-resistant and wear-resistant member, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a heat-resistant and wear-resistant member (hereinafter simply referred to as a wear-resistant member), which is constructed by covering the surface of a metal substrate with side walls at both ends with ceramic pieces. ). [Prior Art] As is well known, ceramics have excellent wear resistance and heat resistance. In recent years, many technical means have been proposed in which this characteristic is actively utilized to construct the above-mentioned wear-resistant member by coating a metal substrate with ceramics. In order to coat the surface of a metal substrate (hereinafter simply referred to as a substrate) with ceramics, the ceramic must be fixed onto the substrate. The means for fixing the ceramics include adhesively fixing ceramic pieces pre-formed into a predetermined shape using an organic or inorganic adhesive or brazing material, and mechanically joining and fixing the ceramic pieces with bolts, etc. There is generally known a method of coating a substrate with powdered ceramics by thermal spraying or the like. Among these, ceramic pieces made of relatively small rectangular ceramic pieces are highly versatile.
It has many advantages, such as being able to manufacture it in large quantities in advance, reducing manufacturing costs. For this reason, attempts are being made to actively use such ceramic pieces. However, when such small pieces of ceramics are bonded and fixed onto a substrate with the above-mentioned adhesive or brazing material, the heat resistance of the adhesive and the brazing material itself is much lower than that of the ceramic itself, resulting in poor wear resistance. The heat resistance as a member was low. On the other hand, when mechanically joining and fixing with bolts, etc., the wear resistance of the bolt head decreases, and the number of ceramic pieces attached to each unit member is extremely large, so it takes a lot of time and effort to attach them. I have a problem. Particularly in the case of wear-resistant parts that have side walls on both ends, such as the well-known blower impeller and chute bottom plate, it is extremely difficult to install ceramic pieces on-site or periodically replace them. Both of these problems were a major obstacle to expanding the scope of use of ceramics. In order to solve this problem, in the past, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 61-84191, a wear-resistant member made of a plurality of ceramic pieces bonded and fixed to the surface of a metal plate by brazing has been used in the impeller. As shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 61-84193, there is a technique for removably attaching a part of the vane plate with a fixing means such as a bolt. Techniques have been proposed in which ceramics are attached to the surface of a manufactured holding plate. [Problems to be solved by the invention] In all of the above-mentioned conventional means, the ceramics are basically bonded and fixed with an adhesive or a brazing material, and the above-mentioned problems, especially regarding heat resistance, cannot be fundamentally solved. It could not be a solution. That is, when using adhesive fixing means in a high temperature atmosphere, the adhesive strength decreases significantly and the ceramic peels off. Although brazing has improved heat resistance compared to adhesives, it is far inferior to the heat resistance of ceramics itself, and in addition, due to the large difference in thermal expansion coefficient between ceramics and metal, the board may become distorted during brazing or may become unstable during use. Problems such as the ceramic peeling off due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion in the high-temperature atmosphere, or cracks and defects occurring in the ceramic remain, and the reality is that the heat resistance has not been improved. Furthermore, the above-mentioned conventional means also had the problem that it was difficult to repair parts of the ceramics when they were broken or chipped. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the applicant has
As a means of mechanically joining without using adhesives or brazing materials, engaging protrusions with an inverted trapezoidal cross section are provided at set intervals in the vertical and/or horizontal directions of the impeller surface, and on the back surface of the small ceramic piece. He invented a technique in which a groove that engages with the engagement protrusion is provided, and the surface of the impeller is covered with ceramic pieces while sequentially engaging the groove with the engagement protrusion. I applied. The present invention aims to fundamentally solve the problems of the conventional means mentioned above, and also
This was created to further improve the issue. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention which solves the above-mentioned problems is a wear-resistant member formed by covering the surface of a substrate having side walls at both ends with small pieces of ceramics, which are arranged at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the substrate. an engaging protrusion that protrudes from and forms at least one ceramic small piece insertion space per unit width row; and an engaging groove for engaging the engaging protrusion on the back surface; The present invention is characterized in that it is composed of a group of small ceramic pieces that are successively arranged in close engagement with each other, and a small ceramic piece for locking that is attached and fixed to the insertion gap after the small ceramic pieces are arranged. Hereinafter, specific means of the present invention will be explained based on figures showing embodiments. FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining the basic configuration of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1. In the figure, 2 is a metal substrate, and 3 is side walls provided at both ends of the substrate 2. Board 2
As shown in FIG. 2, an engaging protrusion 4 is provided on the surface thereof to protrude in the width direction (X direction). As shown in the partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the engaging protrusions 4 have an inverted trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, and protrude at set intervals in the vertical direction (Y direction) perpendicular to the width direction (X direction). It is set up. Reference numeral 5 denotes a small ceramic piece, and as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 4, the small ceramic piece 5 is provided with a groove 6 in the shape of an inverted trapezoid on the back surface thereof, which matches the cross-sectional shape of the engaging protrusion 4. Each of the unit width rows 4x ₁ to 4x ₆ of the engaging protrusions 4 has at least one space into which the small ceramic piece 5 can be inserted.
An insertion gap 7 corresponding to the above is formed. Therefore, the small ceramic piece 5 can be freely inserted or taken out from the insertion gap 7, and even if the side walls 3 are provided at both ends of the substrate 2, the small ceramic piece 5 can be inserted into the engagement protrusion 4 through the insertion gap 7. are engaged sequentially. Small ceramic piece 5 engaged with engagement protrusion 4
constitute a group of ceramic pieces 50 that are densely arranged in the width direction of the substrate 2 and cover the substrate 2. After the ceramic pieces 50 are arranged in this manner, the insertion gap 7 remains. A small ceramic piece 51 for locking is attached and fixed to the remaining insertion gap 7 via a well-known bolt 8, as shown in FIG. 5, for example. From the viewpoint of wear resistance, it is preferable to cover the head of the bolt 8 with a ceramic piece 55 that is adhesively fixed with an inorganic adhesive or brazing. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, engaging protrusions 4' are provided on the inner surface of the side wall 3 at set intervals, and the ceramic pieces 5' are engaged with the engaging protrusions 4' to form the coating layer. The wear-resistant member 1 was constructed by forming the following. 9 is a holding member for preventing the small ceramic piece 5' engaged with the side wall 3 from falling off; in this example, after the small ceramic piece 5' has been engaged, it is welded 10 to the side wall 3 and fixed. . [Operation] In the wear-resistant member 1 of the present invention, the small ceramic piece 5 is engaged with the engagement protrusion 4 protruding from the surface of the substrate 2 in the width direction, and is mechanically fixed. The engaging protrusion 4 has at least one insertion gap 7 open for each unit width row so that the small ceramic piece 5 can be inserted therein. Therefore, even if both ends of the substrate 2 are shielded by the side walls 3, the small ceramic pieces 5 can be easily inserted through the insertion gap 7, and are sequentially engaged with the engagement protrusions 4 to form the small ceramic piece group 50. When the engagement and placement of the ceramic pieces 5 in each unit width row is completed and the ceramic pieces group 50 is formed, the remaining insertion space 7
A small ceramic piece 51 for locking is attached and fixed to the
A ceramic coating layer is formed for each unit width row. The size of the small ceramic piece 51 for locking,
In particular, if the length in the width direction is adjusted appropriately, or if the side surface is slightly sloped as shown in Fig. 6, the ceramic small piece in the width direction can be
can be brought into close contact with each other, resulting in an extremely excellent effect in terms of wear resistance. Similarly, the spacing between the engaging protrusions 4 may be determined in accordance with the length of the ceramic piece 5 in the longitudinal direction. According to the experience of the present inventors, when the wear-resistant member 1 of the present invention is used in a high temperature atmosphere, the ceramic pieces 5 and the substrate 2 thermally expand. The amount of thermal expansion depends on the temperature at which the ceramic or metal is heated and the coefficient of thermal expansion between the ceramic and the metal. If the small ceramic pieces 5 are in close contact with each other at room temperature, the small ceramic pieces 5 that are adjacent to each other during use will
An abnormally high contact pressure is applied between the two, which may cause cracks or the like in the ceramic pieces 5. The influence of this thermal expansion is greater in the vertical direction than in the width direction. For example, at room temperature, the length between the engaging protrusions 4 is set so that a gap of about 0.5 to 1.0 mm is formed between adjacent ceramic pieces 5 in the vertical direction. 0.2 to 5 between adjacent ceramic pieces in the width direction.
This can be solved by arranging them so that they form a gap of about 0.5 mm. In the present invention, the engaging protrusion 4
As mentioned above, arranging them in close engagement includes intentionally providing a slight gap at room temperature so that they come into close contact when in use. As described above, since the wear-resistant member 1 of the present invention does not use any adhesive or brazing material, the small ceramic pieces 5 will never fall off or be damaged even when used in a high-temperature atmosphere. Further, when it becomes necessary to replace the ceramic pieces 5 as the usage time passes, the ceramic pieces 5 in the unit width row can be easily replaced by removing the locking ceramic pieces 51. Therefore, partial repairs are possible and efficient maintenance is possible. Now, the wear-resistant member 1 of the present invention described above can be applied, for example, as an impeller of a well-known blower, as shown in FIG. That is, the impeller 11 generally includes a blade plate 12, main plates 13 located at both ends of the blade plate 12, and side plates 14. Thus, the wear-resistant member 1 as shown in FIG.
It is possible to prepare the wear-resistant member 1 in advance and to construct the impeller 11 by welding and fixing the wear-resistant member 1 to the main plate 13 and the side plates 14 as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a direct engagement protrusion 4 is provided on the blade plate 12, and as shown in FIGS.
It is also possible to engage the ceramic pieces 5 in the same manner as shown in the figure. In this case, the vane plate 12 functions as a substrate of the present invention, and the main plate 13 and side plates 14 function as side walls of the present invention. Incidentally, such an impeller 11
In this case, it is also important to take measures against wear of the tips 19 of the vanes 12. Regarding the tip part, see No. 10.
As shown in the figure, ceramic pieces 52 having a U-shaped cross section are prepared, and the ceramic pieces 52 are sequentially engaged with the most advanced engagement protrusion _4xo . FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a small locking ceramic piece 51a that is attached and fixed to the insertion interlocking part 7 after the engagement and placement of the ceramic piece 52 is completed. Next, the wear-resistant member 1 of the present invention can be applied as a liner for, for example, a chute or a hopper. FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a typical chute, in which side walls 22 are provided at both ends of a chute bottom plate 21. The wear-resistant member 1 of the present invention described above can be applied to the chute bottom plate 21 as is. By the way, when the wear-resistant member 1 of the present invention is used as the impeller or the liner, it is attached so that the flow direction of the suction fluid and the granular material is substantially perpendicular to the width x direction. That is, the engaging protrusion 4 is provided so as to protrude substantially perpendicular to the flow direction. Therefore, it is preferable that the ceramic pieces 5 are arranged in a staggered manner as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 so that the joint surfaces of the adjacent ceramic pieces 5 in the flow direction, that is, the joints 15 do not become connected surfaces. . Furthermore, if the wear-resistant member 1 of the present invention is used in a high-temperature atmosphere, it will expand due to the heat as described above, and the ceramic piece 5 may crack and break due to the difference in expansion between the metal engagement protrusion and the ceramic. In order to effectively eliminate such a phenomenon, the spacing between the engaging protrusions 4 is set optimally. It is preferable to form a predetermined amount of vacancy. The amount of this void may be set appropriately depending on the ambient temperature, the individual size of the ceramic pieces 5, etc. In the experience of the present inventors, the above-mentioned blade plate surface is lined with alumina ceramic pieces 5,
0.4 to 0.8 mm at room temperature when used near 400℃
The above problem could be effectively solved by emptying the space. On the other hand, if the predetermined amount of air is formed at room temperature, the small ceramic pieces 5 may rattle or cause abnormal vibrations, especially in impellers, etc., from the start of use until the temperature reaches the normal operating temperature. 5 may lead to damage. In addition, in the impeller 11 that is used at or near room temperature, it is not necessary to intentionally form a gap, but due to manufacturing constraints, a gap inevitably occurs, which may cause the above-mentioned trouble. . In order to effectively solve this problem, as shown in FIG. It is preferable that a cushioning material 16 having a buffering function be filled between the voids or the spaces that inevitably occur.
As the buffer material 16, organic or inorganic adhesive,
It is possible to use ceramic paper or a sheet made of metal fiber or the like. In addition, in FIGS. 3 and 4, the corners of the grooves 6 of the small ceramic piece 5 are rounded to prevent the small ceramic piece 5 from cracking due to looseness during use. It is effective. In the inventors' experience, the roundness is
A sufficient effect could be achieved with a radius of curvature of approximately 0.5 to 1.0 mm. [Example] A wear-resistant member based on the present invention was applied and used in the impeller of an exhaust heat recovery booster blower in the cooling process of sintered ore and the impeller of a guide wheel dust collection blower in a coke factory. The impeller of the exhaust heat recovery booster blower has a diameter of 1000 mm, and each blade plate has a width of 200 mm.
The length of the dust blower is 350mm, the diameter of the dust blower impeller is 700mm, and the individual blades are 140mm wide x length.
It is 136mm. In this example, 20mm x 20mm x 7mm
(thickness) and alumina content of 90% or more, the impeller of the exhaust heat recovery booster blower is made of a wear-resistant member in the same manner as shown in Figs. The wear member is welded and fixed to the main plate 13 and side plate 14 as shown in FIG. 8. In addition, the impeller of the dust collecting blower has a protrusion 4 that directly engages with the blade plate 12 as shown in FIG.
was provided protrudingly, and the small ceramic piece 5 was engaged in the same manner as in the exhaust heat recovery pressure booster blower. At the engagement portion between the groove 6 of the ceramic piece 5 and the engagement protrusion 4,
In both cases, a space of 0.6 mm was intentionally set at room temperature.
This space was filled with ceramic paper as a cushioning material. Further, the vertical spacing between the engaging protrusions 4 was 21 mm, a 1 mm gap was provided between adjacent ceramic pieces 5 at room temperature, and a 0.2 mm gap was similarly provided in the width direction at room temperature. The conditions for using this blower are shown in Table 1.

[Effect of idea]

As detailed above, in the wear-resistant member of the present invention,
It exhibits stable performance even in extremely high-temperature environments, and it has also become possible to easily perform partial repairs on small ceramic pieces.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view for explaining the basic structure of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a small ceramic piece. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the locking ceramic piece, and FIG. 7 is a wear-resistant member of the present invention. 8 is a sectional structural diagram of a blower impeller, FIG. 8 is a sectional structural diagram of the above-mentioned FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a sectional structural diagram of a blower impeller. Figure a is a cross-sectional structural diagram, Figure 9 b is a plan view,
Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the small ceramic piece, Fig. 11 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the small ceramic piece for locking, and Fig. 12 shows another example of application of the wear-resistant member of the present invention. 13 is a perspective view of the chute, and FIG. 13 is a partial sectional view showing a structure for filling a cushioning material between the engagement protrusion and the ceramic small piece groove. 1... Wear-resistant member, 2... Metal substrate, 3...
Side wall, 4, 4', 4X ₁ to 4X ₆ ... Engaging protrusion, 5,
5'...Small ceramic piece, 6...Concave groove, 7...
Insertion interval〓, 8... Bolt, 9... Holding member, 10
...Welding, 11 ... Impeller, 12 ... Vane plate, 1
3...Main plate, 14...Side plate, 15...Joint, 16
... Cushioning material, 19 ... Blade plate tip, 21 ... Chute bottom plate, 22 ... Chute side wall, 50 ... Ceramics small piece group, 51, 51a ... Ceramics small piece for locking, 52 ... U-shaped ceramic small piece ,
55...Ceramic piece.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A heat-resistant and wear-resistant member formed by covering the surface of a metal substrate having side walls at both ends with small ceramic pieces, the heat-resistant and wear-resistant member being provided protruding at set intervals in the width direction of the substrate, and having at least one portion of said ceramic pieces per unit width row. an engaging protrusion forming a small ceramic piece insertion space;
A group of small ceramic pieces having a groove for engagement with the engagement protrusion on the back surface and arranged in order to closely engage with the engagement protrusion, and a group of small ceramic pieces that are attached and fixed to the bottom part between the insertion holes after the group of small ceramic pieces are arranged. A heat-resistant and wear-resistant member comprising: a small piece of ceramic for locking;