JPH059160B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Application Field" The present invention provides a water conduit with a filter plate on the bottom of a river, drainage canal, moat, lake, etc.
Wastewater from homes and offices is forced to pass above and below the filter plate, bringing it into contact with organic matter and nutrient salts contained in the polluted running water and reducing it. The present invention relates to a purification device characterized by the following.

"Conventional technology" Pollution of public water bodies such as rivers, irrigation canals, lakes and marshes due to domestic wastewater and wastewater from businesses,
Regarding prevention, water quality environmental standards and wastewater standards have been established, but these apply to urban sewage systems and pollution sources exceeding a certain standard, and to small-scale pollution sources (50 m ³ or less per day) There is no legal regulatory power. Nowadays, due to delays in the development of sewage systems in cities and villages, water pollution, especially from domestic wastewater, is becoming more apparent. In order to cope with this, a perforated pipe or pump is used next to the main stream of the river to take water and form a gravel layer within the riverbed, and polluted natural water (flowing water) is pumped between the gravel. A facility is installed to remove organic matter from flowing water through gravel-to-gravel contact oxidation, which purifies the water as it passes through the water. There is also a purification method that uses plants such as water hyacinth to reduce nutrient salts in lakes and marshes.

``Problem to be solved by the invention'' The gravel layer method described above requires a large amount of installation work and is often clogged with gravel. It takes time and effort to install a similar gravel layer, and
There were many aspects that were uneconomical. In addition, the purification method that uses plants such as water hyacinth in lakes and marshes to reduce nutrient salts requires manual management such as cutting the plants, and the period during which the purification effect can be expected is the growth period of the plants. There were problems such as the fact that it was limited to about six months from May to October.

"Means for Solving the Problems" The present invention has been proposed as a means for solving the problems described above, and has a structure in which concrete is applied to the bottom of rivers, irrigation canals, moats, lakes, marshes, or sea areas. , one or several channels made of plastic or the like with a substantially U-shaped cross section are formed, and a filter plate is provided on the top of the channel.
One part has many parallel filter plates facing downwards in the direction of flow, and the other part has many parallel plates facing upwards in the direction of flow. In the part where a large number of downwardly inclined plates are provided in parallel, a downwardly inclined guide plate is provided on the upper surface of the substantially rear filter plate, and in the part where a large number of upwardly inclined plates are provided in parallel, An upwardly sloping guide plate is installed above the bottom of the headrace, which is directly below the portion that corresponds to the rear, to force the flowing water into the cavity of the headrace through the filter plate, or to drain it out of the headrace. This process is repeated to reduce organic matter, nutrients, etc. contained in the running water by utilizing contact propagation on the filter plate and the oxidation and assimilation effects of immobilized microorganisms. By doing so, there is no need to replace the gravel or construct new facilities every few years, as is the case with the existing gravel contact oxidation method, and cleaning of the filter plate, filter media, etc. It can be used for a period of time, is economical, and can solve problems.

Next, the configuration of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a water conduit constructed in the flow direction of, for example, the bottom floor of a river, drainage canal, moat, lake or sea area, and has a substantially U-shaped cross section and is formed in one to several strips. This conduit is constructed of materials such as cast-in-place concrete, concrete blocks, or plastic. The drawing shows a structure made of concrete blocks. 2
is a block with an inverted T-shaped cross section installed in the center of the water conduit 1, and is provided with a required length with end faces facing each other in the flow direction. When three or more water conduits 1 are provided, two or more inverted T-shaped blocks 2 are installed with both sides butted against each other. Reference numeral 3 denotes an L-shaped cross-sectional block constituting both sides of the water conduit 1, and is installed with its horizontal edge abutting against the horizontal edge of the inverted T-shaped block. 4 is
It is a fastening rod made of a long bolt or a reinforcing bar, and is inserted into a through hole penetrating below the inverted T-shaped block 2 and L-shaped block 3 to connect the blocks 2 and 3. Reference numeral 5 denotes a filter plate installed at the upper part of the water conduit 1, and there are two types: a thin one as shown in Fig. 1 and a thick one shown in Fig. 2. They are fitted or fixed with bolts, etc. The filter plate 5 is made of FRP, GRC, etc. in order to enhance the function of immobilizing microorganisms. Furthermore, various structures such as those described below are used. The one shown in FIG. 4 has a large number of inclined plates 6 arranged in parallel. What is shown in FIG. 5 is the inclined plate 6 of FIG.
Both sides of the surface are made uneven 7 to increase the surface area. In the case shown in FIG. 6, a large number of slit grooves 8 are provided in parallel at an angle. In the case shown in FIG. 7, a large number of grid grooves 9 are provided in parallel at an angle. In order to promote the immobilization of microorganisms in the water conduit 1, as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a net 14 made of metal or plastic filled with crushed bricks, canard shavings, charcoal, activated carbon, etc., is suspended, or as shown in Figures 8 and 10. Like, plastic, metal box 1
The inside of the container 5 is filled with crushed bricks, canard scum, charcoal, activated carbon, etc. 16 is
This is an inclined guide plate provided on the upper surface of the filter plate 5 near the rear of the downward inclined plate, or an inclined guide plate provided on the bottom floor section substantially near the rear of the upward inclined plate.

"Function" The present invention has the above-described structure, and the headrace 1 is installed in a relatively flat place such as the bottom floor in the flow direction of the water body. The flowing water is forced to flow through the filter plate 5 into the cavity of the water conduit 1 by the filter plate 5 and the inclined guide plate 16, and flows from inside the cavity to the slope of the filter plate 5 and the inclined guide plate 16. As a result, they will be forced out. By repeating such passage, microorganisms in the water flow propagate and become immobilized on the filter plate 5. The microorganisms immobilized on the surface of the filter plate 5 perform the function of reducing organic substances and nutrients by taking in, oxidizing and immobilizing organic substances and nutrients in the flowing water passing through the filter plate 5. I will continue to demonstrate my abilities.

"Effects of the Invention" Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, the inclined guide plate 16 is attached to the bottom of the water conduit 1 and the top surface of the filter plate 5.
By providing this slope guide plate 1, the running water
6, and is forcibly introduced into the cavity of the water conduit 1 at the bottom of the filter plate 5 by the internal slope of the filter plate 5. As a result, the water rises, and due to the inclination of the filter plate 5, the water is forced to flow onto the upper surface of the filter plate 5, and the flowing water is forced to come into contact with the filter plate 5, thereby promoting purification. Filter plate 5 attached to water conduit 1
It can propagate and immobilize microorganisms to reduce organic matter and nutrient salts contained in running water, and when the filter plate 5 becomes clogged, it can be easily removed and cleaned, making it easy to maintain. Unlike the existing gravel-to-gravel contact oxidation method, there is no need to replace gravel or construct new facilities every few years, and it can be used for a long time, and it does not require any power. It is very economical and has the advantage of not causing any malfunctions.

Note that the filter plate 5 may be one in which a large number of inclined plates 6 are provided as shown in FIG.
(see Figure 5),
One has many inclined slit grooves 8 (see Fig. 6), one has inclined grid grooves 9 (see Fig. 7), and it is made of porous concrete that has enhanced ability to propagate and immobilize microorganisms. use something These have a large contact area with running water and are suitable for breeding and immobilizing microorganisms. A flexible string-like object 13 such as a string or rope is suspended in the cavity of the water conduit 1,
Net 14 and box body 15 made of metal or plastic
If you hang something filled with crushed bricks, canard scum, charcoal, activated carbon, etc. (see Figures 9 and 10), it will increase the area of contact with the water and allow it to flow into the flowing water. If the microorganisms contained therein also adhere to this, purification can be further promoted. If this device is installed in a river, lake, ocean area, etc., and the concrete is exposed and is aesthetically inconvenient, chestnut stones, cobblestones, etc. are laid on the filter plate 5 to bring out the natural scenery.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the invention,
Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views of the present invention, Figure 3 is a plan view thereof, Figure 4 is a front view showing a partial cross section of the filter plate, and Figure 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the filter plate. , FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a filter plate provided with slit grooves, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a filter plate provided with grid grooves, and FIG. A cross-sectional view of
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the net, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the box, FIG. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention applied to a river. 1... Water conduit, 5... Filter plate, 16... Inclined guide plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Form one or several conduit channels made of concrete, plastic, etc. with a roughly U-shaped cross section in the bottom of rivers, irrigation canals, moats, lakes, marshes, or sea areas, and install a filter plate above them. One part has a large number of parallel filter plates facing downward in the direction of flow, and the other has a large number of parallel filter plates facing upward in the direction of flow. A downwardly inclined guide plate is provided on the upper surface of the filter plate approximately at the rear of a portion where a large number of downwardly inclined plates are provided in parallel, and a portion where a large number of upwardly inclined plates are provided in parallel. An upwardly sloping guide plate is installed on the bottom of the headrace directly below the corresponding part at the rear, so that the flowing water can be forcibly introduced into the cavity of the headrace through the filter plate or drained outside the headrace. A purification device that reduces organic matter, nutrient salts, etc. contained in running water by repeatedly performing contact propagation on a filter plate and utilizing the oxidation and assimilation effects of immobilized microorganisms.