JPH0595922A - Electrode for organism and manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Electrode for organism and manufacture thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0595922A JPH0595922A JP3290589A JP29058991A JPH0595922A JP H0595922 A JPH0595922 A JP H0595922A JP 3290589 A JP3290589 A JP 3290589A JP 29058991 A JP29058991 A JP 29058991A JP H0595922 A JPH0595922 A JP H0595922A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- silver
- silver chloride
- film
- thin layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007647 flexography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000270728 Alligator Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 titanium hydride Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、心電図、筋電図、脳波
等を記録するのに必要となる生体用電極に関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a biomedical electrode required for recording an electrocardiogram, an electromyogram, an electroencephalogram and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】生体用電極の製造については、従来から
数多くの研究・提案がなされている。すなわち、電極材
料として 導電性粘弾性親水性ゲルの使用（特開昭６
３−２４９２８、特開昭６１−８５９２５、特開昭５４
−７７４８９）、水素化チタン（特公昭５６−２０８
５４）、カーボン繊維（特公昭５７−４５５７０）の使
用、導電性樹脂により一体成形された電極体に導電性
塗膜を形成する方法（特公昭６１−５５９７１、特開昭
５８−１４９７３４）、導電性物質をプリント印刷す
ることによる特殊形状の電極（特開昭５８−２１６０３
６）などである。しかし、電気特性の点で、また、コス
トの面で、まだ改良すべき点が多い。2. Description of the Related Art Many studies and proposals have been made in the past for the production of biomedical electrodes. That is, the use of a conductive viscoelastic hydrophilic gel as an electrode material (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 6)
3-24928, JP-A-61-85925, JP-A-54.
-77489), titanium hydride (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-208)
54), the use of carbon fiber (JP-B-57-45570), a method of forming a conductive coating film on an electrode body integrally molded with a conductive resin (JP-B-61-55971, JP-A-58-149734), conductivity. Electrode with special shape by printing printing a volatile substance (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-21603)
6) etc. However, there are still many points to be improved in terms of electric characteristics and cost.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】一般に、生体の発する
信号は１ｍＶ以下と小さい。さらに近年、不整脈などの
心臓病の予知技術の方向としては、ますます微小信号の
検出が重要となってくる。これらの信号の正確な測定の
ためには、電極の安定性、できるだけ低い電極インピー
ダンス、雑音電圧を発生しないこと、などの特性が要求
される。これらを満たすには、可逆性の良い電極反応を
要し、また、分極を可能なかぎり抑える必要がある。Generally, the signal emitted by a living body is as small as 1 mV or less. Furthermore, in recent years, detection of minute signals has become increasingly important as a direction for predicting heart disease such as arrhythmia. Accurate measurement of these signals requires characteristics such as electrode stability, electrode impedance as low as possible, and no noise voltage generation. To satisfy these, an electrode reaction with good reversibility is required, and it is necessary to suppress polarization as much as possible.
【０００４】上記の特性を満たす電極としては、現在の
ところ銀／塩化銀電極が最も適している。その理由は、
銀／塩化銀を用いた場合の電極反応に由来する。すなわ
ち、電極が生体に付着され生体電極として作動すると
き、化学式１に示される電極電位を決定する反応が可逆
的かつ安定に起こり、この反応を介して電極と生体間で
電子とイオンの交換がスムーズになされるため、測定に
影響を及ぼす分極電位も生じることなく、安定な電極電
位が保たれるためと考えられる。At present, a silver / silver chloride electrode is most suitable as an electrode satisfying the above characteristics. The reason is,
It originates from the electrode reaction when silver / silver chloride is used. That is, when the electrode is attached to a living body and operates as a living body electrode, the reaction that determines the electrode potential shown in Chemical Formula 1 occurs reversibly and stably, and the exchange of electrons and ions between the electrode and the living body occurs through this reaction. It is considered that this is done smoothly, so that a stable electrode potential is maintained without generating a polarization potential that affects the measurement.
【化１】ＡｇＣｌ＋ｅ- ←→ Ａｇ＋Ｃｌ- [Formula 1] AgCl + e - ← → Ag + Cl -
【０００５】また、銀あるいは塩化銀は、温度変化に伴
う起電力も極めて小さく、オフセットの安定性と、検出
信号の低雑音化が実現できる優れた電極材料である。Further, silver or silver chloride is an excellent electrode material capable of realizing the stability of offset and the low noise of the detection signal because the electromotive force associated with the temperature change is extremely small.
【０００６】銀／塩化銀電極の製造方法としては、従来
から、食塩水中で銀板を陽極として電気分解し、銀板
表面を塩化銀でコーティングして銀／塩化銀電極とする
か、銀粉末と塩化銀粉末の混合粉末を加圧成形し、銀
／塩化銀とする方法が知られている。As a method for producing a silver / silver chloride electrode, conventionally, a silver plate is electrolyzed in a saline solution using a silver plate as an anode, and the silver plate surface is coated with silver chloride to form a silver / silver chloride electrode, or a silver powder. A method is known in which a mixed powder of silver chloride and silver chloride powder is pressed to form silver / silver chloride.
【０００７】市販の銀／塩化銀電極の多くは、の電解
法によっているが、塩化銀の均一なメッキコーティング
が困難であり、電極電位特性が不安定になる傾向があ
る。Most of the commercially available silver / silver chloride electrodes are based on the electrolysis method, but it is difficult to coat silver chloride uniformly and the electrode potential characteristics tend to be unstable.
【０００８】またの粉末成形法においては、特に光に
よる分解変質が起こりやすいなど、化学的に不安定な塩
化銀を用いるため、電極電圧の安定性への危惧のみなら
ず、電極自身の保存、取り扱いが煩雑であり、実用性に
欠ける。Further, in the powder molding method, since silver chloride that is chemically unstable, such as decomposition and deterioration due to light, is used, not only is there a concern about the stability of the electrode voltage, but also the storage of the electrode itself, It is complicated to handle and lacks practicality.
【０００９】さらに、銀／塩化銀電極の原材料は、言う
までもなく高価な銀または塩化銀であり、従来の製造方
法では、これを使い捨てにするほど安価には製造でき
ず、広く普及するまでには至っていないのが実情であ
る。Further, needless to say, the raw material of the silver / silver chloride electrode is expensive silver or silver chloride. With the conventional manufacturing method, it is not possible to manufacture it as cheaply as to make it disposable, and by the time it becomes widespread. The reality is that it has not arrived.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、銀／塩化
銀を基体上に数μｍ以下、好ましくは２〜４μｍと極め
て薄く印刷し、さらに、銀／塩化銀の薄層にカーボン
および／またはグラファイトの層を接触させて配するこ
とにより、好適な結果が得られることを見出した。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The inventor of the present invention printed silver / silver chloride on a substrate very thinly to a few μm or less, preferably 2 to 4 μm, and further added carbon and / or silver to a thin layer of silver / silver chloride. It has also been found that suitable results can be obtained by placing layers of graphite in contact.
【００１１】銀または塩化銀のみを印刷した電極にする
と、該印刷厚みの微小な差異により電極インピーダンス
が変化し、安定な品質のものが望めなかった。ところ
が、カーボンを介すれば、銀あるいは塩化銀の印刷厚み
によらず、一定した電極インピーダンスが得られること
が判明した。実際の使用にあたっては、低周波治療パッ
ドに見られるように、ハウジングに使い捨ての粘着ゲル
を装着する方法と、パッド自身を使い捨ての構造にする
ことが考えられる。製造上のコストダウンを図る点から
も、衛生上の観点からも後者の方法に従うほうが望まし
く、以下に具体的に説明する。When an electrode printed with only silver or silver chloride is used, the electrode impedance changes due to the minute difference in the printed thickness, and stable quality cannot be expected. However, it has been found that a constant electrode impedance can be obtained by using carbon regardless of the printing thickness of silver or silver chloride. In actual use, it is conceivable to attach a disposable adhesive gel to the housing and to make the pad itself a disposable structure as seen in a low frequency treatment pad. It is desirable to follow the latter method from the viewpoint of reducing the manufacturing cost and from the viewpoint of hygiene, which will be specifically described below.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】図１は、先に説明したように、ハウジングを
使わず、銀／塩化銀等を印刷塗布したフィルム自体を生
体電極として使用する場合の実施態様を示す。まず、適
度の柔軟性を有するフィルム（１）上に、カーボンまた
はグラファイト（２）をスクリーン印刷などの手段によ
り薄膜状に形成せしめる。膜厚は数μｍ程度、好ましく
は５〜６μｍであり、生体からの信号の伝播を可能たら
しめる。次に、その上に銀／塩化銀を含むゲル状の粘着
剤を、フレキソグラフィーなどの特殊印刷技術を用い
て、数μｍ以下、好ましくは２〜４μｍと非常に薄く、
かつ、均一になるようにコントロールしながら印刷す
る。グラビア印刷の版となるシリンダーが鉄製なのに対
し、フレキソグラフィーでは該シリンダーがゴムででき
るため、コストダウンが図れるとともに、高速印刷にも
対応できる。EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the housing itself is not used and the film itself on which silver / silver chloride or the like is printed and applied is used as a bioelectrode, as described above. First, carbon or graphite (2) is formed into a thin film on the film (1) having appropriate flexibility by means of screen printing or the like. The film thickness is about several μm, preferably 5 to 6 μm, which enables the propagation of signals from the living body. Next, a gel-like pressure-sensitive adhesive containing silver / silver chloride is applied thereon by using a special printing technique such as flexography, and is very thin, such as several μm or less, preferably 2 to 4 μm.
Also, print while controlling so as to be uniform. The cylinder used as a gravure printing plate is made of iron, whereas in flexography, the cylinder can be made of rubber, so that the cost can be reduced and high-speed printing can be supported.
【００１３】フィルム（１）は、この場合、導電性を問
わない。ここで特徴的なのは、非導電性の汎用フィルム
を使用できる点である。即ちＰＥ、ＰＰ、ＰＶＣ、Ｐ
Ｓ、ＡＢＳあるいはナイロン、ポリエステルなど、入手
容易なフィルムの上にカーボンなどをスクリーン印刷す
ることにより、導電性が保証されることになる。銀／塩
化銀の薄膜（３）の上に、導電性接着ゲル（４）を重ね
れば、このフィルム体は、そのまま生体電極として使用
することができる。In this case, the film (1) may have any conductivity. What is characteristic here is that a non-conductive general-purpose film can be used. That is, PE, PP, PVC, P
Conductivity is guaranteed by screen-printing carbon or the like on an easily available film such as S, ABS, nylon or polyester. By superposing the conductive adhesive gel (4) on the thin film of silver / silver chloride (3), this film body can be used as it is as a biological electrode.
【００１４】図２は、フィルム基材が導電性のある金属
箔、あるいは先記の汎用フィルム材質に導電フィラーを
添加した導電フィルムである場合を示す。FIG. 2 shows the case where the film base material is a conductive metal foil or a conductive film obtained by adding a conductive filler to the above-mentioned general-purpose film material.
【００１５】図１、図２に示す電極用フィルム体からリ
ード線を取り出す方法は、フィルム体端部（１０）を鰐
口クリップでつかむか、あるいは、フィルム体の一部に
クリップボタンを成型するなど、制限は受けない。The method of taking out the lead wire from the electrode film body shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is to grasp the end portion (10) of the film body with an alligator clip, or to form a clip button on a part of the film body. , No restrictions.
【００１６】図３は、ハウジングを用いた実施例の断面
図であり、該電極は生体に直接付着するゲル状パッド
（６）と、それを覆うハウジング部（７）によって構成
される。ゲル状パッド（６）は、脱着に適した厚みの粘
着性ゲル（４）の上に銀／塩化銀を厚さ２〜４μｍに印
刷して成る銀／塩化銀の薄層（３）を重ねたシートを、
ハウジング部（７）の内径に合わせて円板状に打ち抜い
たものである。バウジング部（７）は、シリコン、シリ
コンゴム、ブラスチックなど、耐久性柔軟性に富む部材
で構成される。FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment using a housing. The electrode is composed of a gel-like pad (6) directly attached to a living body and a housing part (7) covering it. The gel-like pad (6) has a thin layer (3) of silver / silver chloride formed by printing silver / silver chloride in a thickness of 2 to 4 μm on an adhesive gel (4) having a thickness suitable for desorption. A sheet
It is punched into a disc shape according to the inner diameter of the housing part (7). The browsing portion (7) is made of a material having high durability and flexibility such as silicone, silicone rubber, and plastic.
【００１７】使用時には、ゲル状パッド（６）をハウジ
ング部（７）に装着して使用する。こうすることによ
り、銀／塩化銀の薄層（３）は、ハウジング部（７）内
面に設けられたカーボンまたはグラファイト層（２）と
接触界面を形成する。実際に使用する時は、ゲル状パッ
ド（６）が使い捨てとなり、つぎつぎに新しいゲル状パ
ッド（６）をハウジング部（７）に装着する。ゲル状パ
ッド（６）の使い捨ての代わりに、導電クリームでパッ
ドハウジングの内部を満たし、ハウジング部（７）の生
体接触部（８）に両面接着テープ等の手段により接着力
をもたせる方法で使用しても構わない。At the time of use, the gel pad (6) is attached to the housing part (7) for use. By doing so, the thin layer of silver / silver chloride (3) forms a contact interface with the carbon or graphite layer (2) provided on the inner surface of the housing part (7). When actually used, the gel-like pad (6) becomes disposable, and then a new gel-like pad (6) is attached to the housing part (7). Instead of using the gel pad (6) as a disposable one, fill the inside of the pad housing with a conductive cream and use it by a method of giving an adhesive force to the living body contact part (8) of the housing part (7) by means of a double-sided adhesive tape or the like. It doesn't matter.
【００１８】本実施例に記載した方法により製作した電
極ペアと、従来のスズ蒸着法により製作した電極ペアと
をＡＡＭＩ(the associationfor the advancement ofme
dical instrumentation)の規格（１９８４年２月に改定
された、プレゲル化したＥＣＧ使い捨て電極のために提
案された標準）に従って、電気的レスポンスを測定した
結果を表１に示す。The electrode pair manufactured by the method described in the present embodiment and the electrode pair manufactured by the conventional tin vapor deposition method are used for AAMI (the association for the advancement of me).
The results of measuring the electrical response are shown in Table 1 according to the standard of the dical instrumentation (the standard proposed for the pregelled ECG disposable electrode, revised in February 1984).
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１９】図４〜６には、実際の心電図を、各種の電
極を用いて測定した例を示す。図４は、従来の方法によ
った。すなわち、金属製の半球状電極の中を導電クリー
ムで満たし、胸部の所定部に付着させ、付属の中空ゴム
球にて空気を吸うことにより、金属半球を固定せしめ
た。図５は、スズ蒸着電極を使用した。図６は、本発明
による電極を使用した。4 to 6 show examples of actual electrocardiograms measured using various electrodes. FIG. 4 is based on the conventional method. That is, a metal hemispherical electrode was filled with a conductive cream, attached to a predetermined portion of the chest, and air was sucked by an attached hollow rubber ball to fix the metal hemisphere. In FIG. 5, a tin vapor deposition electrode was used. FIG. 6 used electrodes according to the present invention.
【００２０】図４〜６中の、特にＡ、Ｂの部分に注目す
ると、その振幅が従来の半球状電極＜スズ蒸着電極＜本
発明による電極となっていることが認められ、本発明に
よる電極では、より微小な信号の検出が可能になった。
このことは、本発明による電極が、不整脈などの心臓病
の予知用としても利用できることを示唆している。When attention is paid particularly to the portions A and B in FIGS. 4 to 6, it is recognized that the amplitude thereof is the conventional hemispherical electrode <tin vapor deposition electrode <electrode according to the present invention. Now, it has become possible to detect even smaller signals.
This suggests that the electrode according to the present invention can also be used for predicting heart diseases such as arrhythmia.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、極めて薄く、か
つ、均一な銀／塩化銀の層とカーボンまたはグラファイ
ト層を接触させて配した電極を構成することにより、電
極電位特性の安定性を損なうこともなく、生体からの微
小信号の検出にも優れた特性を有する生体電極を製作で
きる。さらに、本発明の方法によれば、銀あるいは塩化
銀の印刷性が向上し、該印刷面がより平滑になる。ま
た、電極自身のインピーダンスの上昇を伴わずに銀ある
いは塩化銀の使用量を減らすことが可能で、結果とし
て、製造原価を安価に抑えることができる。As described above, by forming an electrode in which an extremely thin and uniform silver / silver chloride layer and a carbon or graphite layer are in contact with each other, the stability of the electrode potential characteristics is impaired. It is possible to manufacture a bioelectrode having excellent characteristics for detecting a minute signal from a living body. Furthermore, according to the method of the present invention, the printability of silver or silver chloride is improved, and the printed surface becomes smoother. Further, the amount of silver or silver chloride used can be reduced without increasing the impedance of the electrode itself, and as a result, the manufacturing cost can be kept low.
【００２２】[0022]
【図１】非導電性のフィルムをベースとする電極の構成
を示した説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an electrode based on a non-conductive film.
【図２】導電性のフィルムをベースとする電極の構成を
示した説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an electrode based on a conductive film.
【図３】ハウジングを有する生体パッド着脱式の電極を
示した説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a biomedical pad removable electrode having a housing.
【図４】従来の半球状電極による心電図である。FIG. 4 is an electrocardiogram using a conventional hemispherical electrode.
【図５】スズ蒸着電極による心電図である。FIG. 5 is an electrocardiogram with a tin vapor deposition electrode.
【図６】本発明の電極による心電図である。FIG. 6 is an electrocardiogram with electrodes of the present invention.
１ 非導電性フィルム ２ カーボンまたはグラファイト層 ３ 銀／塩化銀層 ４ 導電性接着ゲル ５ 導電性フィルム ６ ゲル状パッド ７ ハウジング ８ 生体接触部 ９ リード線用クリップボタン 10 フィルム体端部 1 Non-Conductive Film 2 Carbon or Graphite Layer 3 Silver / Silver Chloride Layer 4 Conductive Adhesive Gel 5 Conductive Film 6 Gel Pad 7 Housing 8 Living Contact 9 Lead Wire Clip Button 10 Film End
Claims (2)
化銀の薄層とカーボンおよび／またはグラファイトの薄
層との接触界面を形成することを特徴とする生体用電
極。1. A biomedical silver / silver chloride electrode, wherein a contact interface between a thin layer of silver / silver chloride and a thin layer of carbon and / or graphite is formed.
密印刷手段を用いて銀／塩化銀の薄層を形成することを
特徴とする生体用銀／塩化銀電極の製造方法。2. The method for producing a biomedical silver / silver chloride electrode according to claim 1, wherein a thin layer of silver / silver chloride is formed by using a precision printing means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3290589A JPH0595922A (en) | 1991-10-08 | 1991-10-08 | Electrode for organism and manufacture thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3290589A JPH0595922A (en) | 1991-10-08 | 1991-10-08 | Electrode for organism and manufacture thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0595922A true JPH0595922A (en) | 1993-04-20 |
Family
ID=17757973
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3290589A Pending JPH0595922A (en) | 1991-10-08 | 1991-10-08 | Electrode for organism and manufacture thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0595922A (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5565143A (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1996-10-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Water-based silver-silver chloride compositions |
| US5924983A (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1999-07-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electrical conductor for biomedical electrodes and biomedical electrodes prepared therefrom |
| JP2002518076A (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 2002-06-25 | アスペクト メディカル システムズ，インク． | Electrodes for measuring electrophysiological signals using high salt liquid electrolyte gels |
| JP2007147353A (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-06-14 | Seiko Instruments Inc | Probe, specific material analyzer, and specific material analysis method |
| JP2008212487A (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-18 | Fukuda Denshi Co Ltd | Biological information measurement electrode |
| WO2012066912A1 (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | オムロンヘルスケア株式会社 | Electrode pad |
| JP2016163673A (en) * | 2015-03-07 | 2016-09-08 | 株式会社きもちラボ | Conductive gel for electrode |
| WO2018003697A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Bioelectrode and method for producing bioelectrode |
| CN109793513A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-05-24 | 拓自达电线株式会社 | Electrodes, biological electrodes, and methods of making the same |
| JP2019088764A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-06-13 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Electrode, bioelectrode and method for manufacturing them |
| US10629325B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2020-04-21 | Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. | Silver chloride paste |
| US10873081B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2020-12-22 | Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. | Electrode material |
| WO2022107784A1 (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-27 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Bioelectrode |
| EP4344639A1 (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-03 | Ambu A/S | Silver/silver chloride sensor element |
-
1991
- 1991-10-08 JP JP3290589A patent/JPH0595922A/en active Pending
Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5565143A (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1996-10-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Water-based silver-silver chloride compositions |
| US5924983A (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1999-07-20 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electrical conductor for biomedical electrodes and biomedical electrodes prepared therefrom |
| JP2002518076A (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 2002-06-25 | アスペクト メディカル システムズ，インク． | Electrodes for measuring electrophysiological signals using high salt liquid electrolyte gels |
| JP2007147353A (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-06-14 | Seiko Instruments Inc | Probe, specific material analyzer, and specific material analysis method |
| JP2008212487A (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-18 | Fukuda Denshi Co Ltd | Biological information measurement electrode |
| WO2012066912A1 (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | オムロンヘルスケア株式会社 | Electrode pad |
| JP2012120825A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-06-28 | Omron Healthcare Co Ltd | Pad for electrode |
| JP2016163673A (en) * | 2015-03-07 | 2016-09-08 | 株式会社きもちラボ | Conductive gel for electrode |
| JPWO2018003697A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-04-18 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Biomedical electrode and method of forming biomedical electrode |
| US11490846B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2022-11-08 | Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. | Bioelectrode and method for producing bioelectrode |
| WO2018003697A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Bioelectrode and method for producing bioelectrode |
| CN109414210A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-03-01 | 拓自达电线株式会社 | The forming method of organism electrode and organism electrode |
| CN109414210B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2022-03-11 | 拓自达电线株式会社 | Electrode for living body, and method for forming electrode for living body |
| US10629325B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2020-04-21 | Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. | Silver chloride paste |
| US10873081B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2020-12-22 | Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. | Electrode material |
| JP2019088764A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-06-13 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Electrode, bioelectrode and method for manufacturing them |
| CN109793513A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-05-24 | 拓自达电线株式会社 | Electrodes, biological electrodes, and methods of making the same |
| WO2022107784A1 (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-27 | タツタ電線株式会社 | Bioelectrode |
| JP7119252B1 (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-08-16 | タツタ電線株式会社 | biomedical electrode |
| US20230414146A1 (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2023-12-28 | Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. | Biological Electrode |
| US12426820B2 (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2025-09-30 | Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. | Biological electrode |
| EP4344639A1 (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-03 | Ambu A/S | Silver/silver chloride sensor element |
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