JPH0614665A - Plant culture bed and equipment for plant culture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the roots of the plants from readily drying even when the plant-culturing beds are three-dimensionally arranged by setting residence units to a water channel between a planting plate detachably attached to a base frame and the bottom of the base frame. CONSTITUTION:A planting plate 12 is detachably attached to a base frame 11 so as to form a water channel 10A between the planting plate and the bottom of the base frame and residence units 11D are set to the water channel. Water or a culture solution is allowed to flow down through the water channel, retained in the water channel by the retaining units and supplied to the roots of culturing plants (P).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bed used for hydroponic cultivation of plants and a plant cultivation apparatus using the beds.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, hydroponics is a planting method in which a plant carrier (4) carrying a plant P in a hole (3) is inserted into an aquarium (1) filled with a culture solution W as shown in FIG. It was done with the board (2) floating. However, since the above conventional method is a flat method and the space efficiency of the hydroponic farm is poor, recently, the planting plate (2) as shown in FIG. A three-dimensional hydroponic cultivation method in which a cultivation liquid is sprayed by a water supply device (6) has been proposed by the company.

[0003]

However, in the above conventional three-dimensional hydroponic cultivation method, since the cultivation liquid is sprayed from the lower side, energy for that is wasted and the planting plate (2) is used. There was a problem that the root of the plant P would be dried and the plant P would die if it was removed from the support frame (5) and left to stand.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a base frame (11) and a base frame (11) as a means for solving the above conventional problems.
And a planting plate (12) detachably fitted to the base frame.
(11) Between the bottom surface (11B) and the planting plate (12), a water passage (10
A) is formed, and the water transfer passage (10A) has retention means.
(11D) is provided to provide a plant cultivation bed (10), the present invention further slidably supports the plant cultivation bed (10) on a support frame (15), the plant cultivation A plant cultivation device with a water supply device (16) arranged above the bed (10)
(20) is provided.

[0005]

The plant cultivation bed (10) of the present invention is obliquely or vertically supported by the support frame (15), and water or a cultivation liquid is supplied from the upper water supply device (16). The above-mentioned water or cultivation liquid is the bottom surface (11B) of the base frame (11) of the plant cultivation bed (10) and the planting plate.
It flows down through the water feed passage (10A) formed between the water feed passage (10A) and (12), and stays in the water feed passage (10A) by the staying means (11D). During this period, the water or the culture solution is supplied to the roots of the plants planted on the planting plate (12).

When the plant cultivation bed (10) is slidably supported by the support frame (15), the bed (10) can be removed from the end of the support frame (15), The bed (10) is planted at a planting site and attached to the support frame (15).
0) can be removed from the support frame (15) and harvested in the harvest room.

Since the bed (10) can carry the base frame (11) and the planting plate (12) as a unit, the roots of the plants P planted on the planting plate (12) dry slowly. Or prevented. Further, since the planting plate (12) can be removed from the base frame (11), it can be replaced with another planting plate (12) which is different depending on the type of plant or the degree of growth.

[0008]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described with reference to one example shown in FIGS. 1 to 6. A plant cultivation bed (10) is detachably fitted to a base frame (11) and the base frame (11). It consists of a planting board (12).
Flange (11A, 11A) is provided on both longitudinal edges of the base frame (11), and a plurality of columnar spacers (11C) are arranged on the bottom surface (11B) in parallel with the flange (11A, 11A). Between the spacers (11C), a plurality of water storage grooves (11D) are formed on the bottom surface (11B) of the base frame (11) as a means for accumulating water or a cultivation solution at predetermined intervals. Has been done.

A large number of holes (13) are provided in the planting plate (12), and a plant carrier (14) carrying a plant P is fitted into the holes (13). The planting plate (12) is a flange (11) of the base frame (11).
A, 11A) is fitted between them. In this state, the bottom of the base frame (11) (11
A water passage (10A) is formed between the plant (B) and the planting plate (12) by a spacer (11C).

The bed (10) is made of, for example, polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam or the like, and the plant carrier (14) is made of polyurethane foam or the like. The material of the carrier is not particularly limited.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the bed (10) leans a little on the support frame (15) and is slidably supported in the lateral direction. The support frame (15) is a board (15A),
A plurality of bifurcated vertical bars (15B) standing from the substrate (15A) and a horizontal bar (15C) connecting the plurality of vertical bars (15B) to each other.
And a roller at the predetermined position of the cross rail (15C).
(15D) is installed.

Further, a U-shaped support bar (15E) is provided on the top of the vertical bar (15B). A perforated water supply pipe (16) as a water supply device is supported on the support rail (15E), and the support rail (1)
5E) Mutually connected to each other by cross rails (15F, 15F).

Drain grooves (15G, 15G) are provided on both side edges of the substrate (15A).
G) is provided, and a support rod is provided in the drain groove (15G, 15G).
(15H) is delivered multiple times. Further, legs (17) with rollers (18) are extended from the bottom of the substrate (15A).

In the plant cultivating apparatus (20) having the above structure,
The planting plate (12) of the bed (10) is selected appropriately depending on the type of plant, and for long vines such as tomatoes and cucumbers, those with large holes (13) are selected.
For example, lettuce, honeywort, etc., select a hole (13) with an interval smaller than that. And the bed (10) on which the plant P is planted has the back surface abutting against the roller (15D) of the support frame (15),
By abutting the upper surface of the surface against the horizontal crosspiece (15F), it can be leaned slightly obliquely as described above. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the bed (10) is attached to the support frame (15) from the arrow A side, Remove it from the side.

During the cultivation of the plant P, as shown in FIG.
The culture solution W in which water or fertilizer is dissolved is sent to (16) and sprinkled downward through the holes. The water or cultivation liquid W sprinkled from the water supply pipe (16) is in the water passage (10A) between the bottom surface (11B) of the base frame (11) of the bed (10) and the planting plate (12). Flow down to the sump groove (1
1D) and is absorbed by the roots of the plant P. In this way, the plant P grows by absorbing the water or the culture solution W accumulated in the water ditch (11D). The plant P is illuminated with natural light or a lamp (19) as shown in FIG.

Water or cultivation liquid W supplied to the bed (10)
Is received by the drainage grooves (15G, 15G) of the substrate (15A) of the support frame (15), and the pump (22) is passed through the circulation path (21) as shown in FIG.
Is returned to the water supply pipe (16). If desired, the culture solution W is sampled in the circulation path (21) to measure pH, conductivity,
Elemental analysis and the like may be performed, and pH, fertilizer concentration, etc. may be adjusted to target values according to the results, and then returned to the water supply pipe (16).

The plant cultivation device (20) of the present invention is arranged in a plant factory as shown in FIG. 5, for example. The bed (10) fitted with the plant carrier (14) in which the seedlings of the plant P are planted at the position indicated by PL in the figure is attached to the device (20) from the direction of arrow A in FIG.
Then, as the plant P grows, the device (20) is sent toward the harvesting position indicated by HV, and at the harvesting position HV, the bed (10) is removed from the device (20) as shown by arrow B in FIG. 2
Transport to 3) and harvest the plant P. The bed (10) is a planting board
Since the (12) and the base frame (11) are integrated, the bed (10)
The roots of the plant P planted in are difficult to dry, and the plant P can maintain the freshness even if it takes time to harvest. The bed (1
0) is then transferred to the disinfection room (24) and planted (12) and base (11)
Both of them are disinfected and washed, and the plant carrier (14) in which the seedling of the plant P is planted is fitted in the hole (13) of the planting plate (12) in the planting room (25), and the planting plate (12) is again. ) Is attached to the base frame (11) and the bed (1
0), the bed (10) is mounted on the device (20) at the PL position.

Device with bed (10) removed in HV position
(20) is conveyed from the HV side to the PL side as shown by arrow C in FIG. A hanger (26) as shown in FIG. 6, for example, is used to convey the bed (10). The hanger (26) has a base (26A) having flanges (26B) formed on both edges, a support (26C), and a roller (26) attached to the upper end of the support (26C).
E) with bracket (26D) with hanger (26)
Is supported along the rail (27) via the rollers (26E) while supporting the bed (10) on both sides.

The device (20) and the hanger (26) may be conveyed manually or automatically by a driving source such as a motor.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the water supply passage (10A) between the base frame (11) of the bed (10) and the planting plate (12) has a gutter (1
1E) is interposed. The gutter (11E) is made of, for example, aluminum, stainless steel, plastic, or the like,
There are multiple drainage holes (11F) on the bottom.
(11E) is inserted between the base frame (11) and the planting plate (12), or
It may be fixed to the base frame (11) side or the planting plate (12) side. In this embodiment, the water or the cultivation liquid W sprinkled from the water supply pipe (16) stays in the gutter (11E), but the gutter (1
It gradually flows downward from the drainage hole (11F) of 1E) and is received and retained by the lower gutter (11E).

FIG. 8 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In this example, a thick fiber entangled body (10) such as a palm fiber mat is used as a retention means between the base frame (11) and the planting plate (12).
A) is intervened. Then, the water or the cultivation liquid W from the water supply pipe (16) is accumulated and accumulated in the fiber entangled body (10A) and flows down. In this embodiment, a porous body such as a fused body of plastic beads may be used instead of the fiber entangled body (10A).

FIG. 9 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a corrugation (11H) is formed on the bottom surface (11B) of the base frame (11) as a retention means, and the water or the cultivation liquid W from the water supply pipe (16) crosses the corrugation (11H). It flows down, but when it goes over the waveform (11H), it stays and spreads laterally.

In each of the above embodiments, the bed (10) is provided with a support frame (15).
The bed (10) may be vertically supported by the support frame (15), although the bed (10) is leaned slightly obliquely.

[0024]

Therefore, in the present invention, since the plant cultivation beds are three-dimensionally arranged, the space efficiency of the hydroponic farm is improved, and since water is supplied from the upper side of the beds, the head difference is utilized. And energy efficiency is greatly improved. Furthermore, since the bed of the present invention can be attached to and detached from the support frame integrally with the planting plate and the base frame, or can be carried around, the workability is very good, and the roots of the plant planted in the bed are dried. Shiniku freshness is maintained.

[Brief description of drawings]

 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention.

1] Exploded perspective view of a plant cultivation bed

[Figure 2] Front view of the plant cultivation device

[Fig. 3] Side view of the plant cultivation device

[Fig. 4] Top partial cross-sectional view of the plant cultivation bed

[Figure 5] Illustration of plant cultivation factory

FIG. 6 is a side view of the hanger.

FIG. 7 is a top partial cross-sectional view of a plant cultivation bed of another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an upper partial cross-sectional view of a plant cultivation bed of still another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional top view of a plant cultivation bed according to still another embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a conventional example.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of another conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Plant cultivation bed 10A Water passage 11 Base frame 11D, 11E, 11G, 11H Retention means 12 Planting plate 15 Support frame 16 Water supply device 20 Plant cultivation device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A base frame and a planting plate that is detachably fitted to the base frame, and a water feeding passage is formed between the bottom face of the base frame and the planting plate. A plant cultivation bed, characterized in that retention means is provided in the water passage. 2. A base frame and a planting plate that is detachably fitted to the base frame, and a water feeding passage is formed between the bottom face of the base frame and the planting plate. A plant characterized in that a plurality of plant cultivating beds provided with retention means are slidably supported on a supporting frame in the water feeding passage, and a water supply device is arranged above the plant cultivating beds. Cultivation equipment