JPH0619476A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the electronic musical instrument in which a deep musical tone close to a live sound having rich time variation is obtd. CONSTITUTION:Plural sound generation channels to which the same key information is assigned are made different in sound generation timing and sound muting timing by setting a sound generation and sound muting timing setting part 31 and sounds of the same pitch are generated from the respective sound generation channels; and the sound generation of one channel is repeated at the sound generation timing and sound muting timing set for the sound generation channel according to the instruction of a sound generation loop instruction part 32 and sounds of the same pitch generated from plural sound generation channels overlap with one another asynchronously, thereby generating the deep musical tone with rich time variation. When the sound generation timing and sound muting timing are set by using period information corresponding to a tempo by the selection of a fixed/tempo selection part 34, a musical tone having time variation corresponding to the tempo of the music is obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to electronic musical instruments such as synthesizers, electronic pianos and electronic keyboards.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional PCM wave reproducing synthesizer is
Key information including information such as a key number and tone color is assigned to any one of a plurality of simultaneously sounding channels provided in the tone generating section, and P is assigned based on the key information.
Read out the PCM sound source information from the CM waveform memory and process the amplitude, envelope, etc. to generate a musical tone signal,
It is configured to generate a corresponding musical sound.

[0003]

The PCM wave reproducing synthesizer configured as described above has a characteristic that the reproduction of the raw sound is further refined, but the depth of the sound or the time of the sound is temporally changed. There is still a difference from the raw sound in terms of changes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument which can obtain a musical tone having a depth which is closer to that of a raw tone and which is rich in temporal change of musical tone constituent elements such as a tone color.

[0005]

The electronic musical instrument of the present invention comprises:
It is an electronic musical instrument that can assign one key information to multiple pronunciation channels and generate a musical tone corresponding to the key information from the multiple pronunciation channels. For each pronunciation channel to which the above key information is assigned Sounding / silence timing setting means for setting sounding timing and sound deadening timing, sounding loop instructing means for instructing repetition of sounding according to the sounding timing and sound deadening timing set for each sounding channel, and the sounding / silenced sound It is characterized by further comprising sound generation control means for controlling the sound generation of each of the sound generation channels according to the setting by the timing setting means and the instruction by the sound generation loop instructing means. Further, the sounding / silence-timing timing setting means is configured to set the sound-production timing and the sound-deadening timing based on the first cycle information having a fixed cycle or the second cycle information having a cycle corresponding to the tempo, and You may make it further provide the selection means which selects the said 1st and 2nd period information.

[0006]

According to the present invention configured as described above, the pronunciation and
Depending on the setting of the mute timing setting means, it is possible to generate sounds of the same pitch from the respective sounding channels by making different sounding and mute timings of a plurality of sound generating channels to which the same key information is assigned. By the instruction from the loop instructing means, it is possible to repeat the sound generation and sound generation at the mute timing (sound generation loop) set for the certain sound generation channel. By making such pronunciations, the pitches of the same pitch produced from multiple pronunciation channels are asynchronously overlapped, and as a result,
By combining all the sound elements such as volume, phase, and harmonics, it is possible to obtain a deep musical sound that is rich in temporal changes.
Further, when the sounding / silence timing setting means is used to set the sounding and silencing timings of each sounding channel by using the cycle information according to the tempo, the musical tone having a temporal change according to the tempo of the music. Can be obtained.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining a schematic configuration of a PCM wave reproducing synthesizer embodying the present invention.

In FIG. 1, a keyboard section 1, an operation panel section 2, a CPU 3, a ROM 4, a RAM 5, a tone generating circuit 6,
The clock generators 7 are connected to bus lines 20 such as a data bus and an address bus, respectively, and are configured to mutually transmit and receive data.

The keyboard unit 1 comprises one or a plurality of keys including a plurality of keys and a key switch provided corresponding to each of the keys. The key switch is configured to detect a key press and a key release as well as a key operation speed.

The operation panel section 2 is provided with a tempo setting switch 2a for setting a tempo, a parameter setting switch 2b for setting various parameters, which will be described later, which determine sounding and mute timings of each sounding channel, and repeats sounding. Sound generation loop instruction switch 2c, fixed / tempo selection switch 2d for clock selection, channel number instruction switch 2e for instructing the number of sound generation channels to which one key information should be assigned, rhythm, tone color, volume, effect, etc. Various operators (not shown) for setting are arranged.

The CPU 3 performs a scan process of each key switch of the keyboard section 1 and a scan process of each operator of the operation panel section 2 in accordance with a program stored in the ROM 4 to operate each key of the keyboard section 1 ( Key press, key release, key number of operated key, velocity related to key operation speed, etc.) and operation state of each operation member of operation panel unit 2 are detected, and processing according to operation of each key or operation member is executed. At the same time, the automatic performance based on the automatic performance data and various processes described later are executed.

The ROM 4 stores the work program of the CPU 3 and the PCM waveform data, and also stores the automatic performance data used when performing the automatic performance and the parameter data for determining the sounding and muting timings as the preset data. There is. The automatic performance data includes tone number for identifying the tone type, key number (key information) for identifying the key type, step time indicating the sounding timing, gate time indicating the sounding time, key pressing speed It is composed of data such as velocity indicating size and repeat marks indicating repeat points.

The RAM 5 is a storage area for temporarily storing various kinds of information in the course of execution of various kinds of processing of the CPU 3 and information obtained as a result of various kinds of processing, and a buffer as shown in FIG. 5a. This buffer 5
a has a storage area corresponding to each of the 32 tone generation channels provided in the musical tone generating circuit 6, and the storage areas corresponding to the respective channels are respectively DELAY ON and DEL.
AY OFF, LOOP END, LOOP, TIME
Information such as BASE, MODE, and CNT is stored. The DELAY ON information is a parameter that sets the time from when the key is turned on (KEY ON) to when the channel starts sounding (see FIG. 4), and has a value of 0 to 127. The DELAY OFF information is a parameter that sets the time from the start of sounding of the channel to the stop (silence) of sounding (see FIG. 4), and includes values of 0 to 127. The LOOP END information is a parameter that sets the time from the stop of the sound generation of the channel to the end of one loop unit (LOOP UNIT) which is a repeating unit of sound generation (see FIG. 4), and has a value of 0 to 127. The LOOP information is a parameter for instructing whether or not to repeat the sounding with the loop unit as a unit (ON / OFF). TI
ME BASE information is the above DELAY ON, DEL
This is a parameter for instructing whether to measure each set time of AY OFF and LOOP END based on a clock (FIX) having a fixed cycle or a clock (CLK) having a cycle corresponding to tempo. The MODE information is composed of information indicating the mode set for the channel. The CNT information is information indicating the count value of the counter. ROM information for each parameter above
The preset data stored in No. 4 or edit data obtained by editing the preset data by operating the switch 2b of the operation panel unit 2 is written in the corresponding storage area by the CPU 3 when key information is assigned to each sounding channel. The contents of MODE information and CNT information are rewritten by the CPU 3 every time there is a change.

The tone generation circuit 6 is provided with 32 tone generation (sound generation) channels and is capable of producing 32 sounds at the same time. And this tone generation circuit 6 uses CP
The PCM sound source data is read out from the ROM 4 based on the key number information representing each key sent from the U3, the musical tone parameter information set by the operation of each operator, etc., and its amplitude and envelope are processed and D / A converted. Output to the container 8. The tone signal obtained from the D / A converter 8 is amplified by the amplifier 9 and given to the speaker 10.

The clock generator 7 generates a clock FIX having a fixed constant frequency (for example, 3 msec) and a tempo clock CLK having a frequency corresponding to the tempo of the music to generate C.
It is supplied to the interrupt input terminal of PU3.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the elemental features of the present invention. The assigner 30, which constitutes the sound generation control means of the present invention together with the musical tone generation circuit 6, has key information (key number),
When tone information including tone color information and the like is given, key information is assigned to an empty channel of the tone generating circuit 6. that time,
When the allocation of the key information to the plurality of sound generation channels is instructed by the allocation channel number information included in the sound generation information, the given one key information is allocated to the plurality of sound generation channels.

The sound generation / mute timing setting section 31 delays the DELAY for each sound generation channel to which each key information is assigned.
ON, DELAY OFF, LOOP END, TIM
The sound generation timing and the mute timing are set by the information such as EBASE.

Further, the sounding loop instructing section 32 gives LOOP information for instructing the sounding channel to repeat sounding to the assigner 30. The assigner 30 includes DELAY ON, DELAY OFF, and LOOP set for each sound generation channel from the sound generation / mute timing setting unit 31.
While obtaining information such as END and TIME BASE,
LOOP information is obtained from the tone generation loop instructing section 32, and tone data is sent to the tone generating circuit 6 at a timing based on these parameter information. The tone generation circuit 6 reads out the PCM sound source data from the waveform ROM 4a based on this tone data and processes the amplitude and envelope of the PCM tone source data to form a tone signal.

The assigner 30 is supplied from the clock generator 7 with a clock FIX having a fixed cycle and a tempo clock CLK having a cycle according to the tempo set by the tempo setting section 33 based on the operation of the switch 2a. ,
The above timings are configured based on the clock selected by the fixed / tempo selection unit 34 including the switch 2d.

With such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 4, for a plurality of sound generation channels i and j to which one key information is given, sound generation, mute, or sound generation is performed at a timing set for each sound generation channel i and j. It is possible to make it repeat. The assigner 30, the sounding / silence timing setting unit 31, and the sounding loop instructing unit 32 are connected to the CPU 3,
It is composed of a microcomputer system including a ROM 4 and a RAM 5.

FIG. 5 shows the flow of main processing executed by the CPU 3. The CPU 3 starts the processing of the main routine when the power of the electronic musical instrument is turned on, and first performs the initialization processing in step SP1. At this time, each register in the RAM 5 is reset and the sound source is initialized.

Next, in step SP2, a key scan for checking the operation states of all the keys of the keyboard section 1 is performed, and when it is detected that there is a key that has been operated (pressed or released), a sound for that key operation, Performs processing such as muffling.

Next, in step SP3, the panel processing is performed, the operating states of all the operating elements of the operating panel section 2 are sequentially examined, and processing according to the operation of the operating elements is performed. After that, the process proceeds to step SP4 to perform an automatic performance process based on the automatic performance data, and at step SP5, other processes are performed to return to step SP2, and steps SP2 to SP
The process of 5 is repeatedly executed. When the clock FIX or the tempo clock CLK is supplied from the clock generator 7 to the CPU 3 during these processes, the CPU 3
Is configured to execute either a timer interrupt process or a ten pointer interrupt process, which will be described later, to generate and mute a musical tone at a timing corresponding to a setting parameter.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the contents of the key-on process executed by the CPU 3 in the key process of step SP2 or the automatic performance process of step SP4 of the main process shown in FIG.

In this process, the CPU 3 first obtains the number-of-use-channels information from the tone color data included in the given tone-generation information in step SP6, and outputs the number of tone-generation channels specified by the number-of-use channel number information. After assigning one key information included in the information, the numbers of all the sound generation channels to which the key information is assigned are obtained.

Next, in step SP7, predetermined parameters are set for each tone generation channel to which the key information is assigned. As shown in FIG. 3, this parameter is set by setting DELAY ON, DELAY OFF, and LO in the storage area corresponding to each channel of the buffer 5a of the RAM 5.
OP END, TIME BASE, and MODE, C
It is performed by writing each information of NT. At this time, MO
ON is written as the DE information, and a value designated by the DELAY ON information is written as the CNT information.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the contents of the key-off process executed by the CPU 3 in the key process of step SP2 or the automatic performance process of step SP4 of the main process shown in FIG.

In this process, the CPU 3 forcibly turns off (silences) all tone generation channels to which key information corresponding to the key-off key is assigned.
M of the buffer 5a corresponding to the turned off channel
The ODE information is set to NON USE (not used).

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the flow of the timer interrupt process executed by the CPU 3 when the fixed cycle clock FIX is applied.

First, the CPU 3 sets the channel number n to n = 1 in step SP9 to specify the first tone generation channel, and then in step SP10 the TIME BASE of the tone generation channel is set to the fixed cycle clock FI.
Whether or not X is set is determined by referring to the buffer 5a. Here, TIME BASE is a fixed cycle clock FI.
If it is set to X, the process proceeds to the mode determination process of the next step SP11, and if TIME BASE is set to the tempo clock CLK, the channel number is set to n + 1 in step SP28 and the process to the next sounding channel is performed. .

At step SP11, MODE determination is performed by referring to the buffer 5a, and the M set at that time is set.
The process shifts to the next process according to ODE. That is, if the MODE information is ON, the process proceeds to step SP12, the count value CNT of the counter of the corresponding channel of the buffer 5a is decremented by 1, and it is determined in step SP13 whether or not the count value becomes 0. When the count value becomes 0, that is, when the lapse of the DELAYON time is detected, the generation of the corresponding musical sound is started in step SP14. After that, the MODE information is turned off in step SP15, the value of the DELAY OFF information set for the channel is written as the count information CNT in step SP16, and the process proceeds to step SP28 and subsequent steps.

If the MODE information is OFF, the process proceeds to step SP17, the count value CNT of the counter of the corresponding channel of the buffer 5a is decremented by 1 and step SP
At 18, it is determined whether the count value has become 0 or not.
And the count value has become 0, that is, DELAY
When the passage of the OFF time is detected, the production of the corresponding musical sound is stopped in step SP19. Then step SP
The MODE information is set to LOOP in step 20, and step SP21
Write the value of LOOP END information set for that channel as the count information CNT,
The process moves to step SP28 and subsequent steps.

If the MODE information is LOOP,
In step SP22, the count value CNT of the counter of the corresponding channel in the buffer 5a is decremented by 1 and step S
In P23, it is determined whether or not the count value has become 0. And when the count value becomes 0, that is, LOOP
When the passage of the END time is detected, step SP24
In step SP25, it is determined whether the LOOP information set for the channel is ON, and if the LOOP information is ON, that is, the repetition of sounding is instructed.
After the MODE information is turned on in step SP26, the value of the DELAY ON information set for the channel is written as the count information CNT in step SP26, and the process proceeds to step SP28 and subsequent steps. If the LOOP information is OFF in step SP24, that is, if it is not instructed to repeat sounding, step SP2.
In step 7, the MODE information is set to NONUSE (not used) and the process proceeds to step SP28.

Step SP10 to Step SP28
Is processed for each tone generation channel of 1 to 32, and 3
When the process for the second tone generation channel is completed, the process returns to the main routine (step SP29).

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing the flow of ten pointer interrupt processing executed by the CPU 3 when the tempo clock CLK is applied.

In this process, the CPU 3 first sets the channel number n to n = 1 in step SP30 to specify the first tone generation channel, and then in step SP31 the TIME BASE of the tone generation channel is set as the tempo clock CLK. Buffer 5
Refer to a and judge. Here, when TIME BASE is the tempo clock CLK, the process proceeds to the mode determination processing of the next step SP32, and TIME BASE
If E is the fixed cycle clock FIX, the process proceeds to step SP49. Incidentally, step SP32
The process of step SP50 is the same as the process of step SP11 to step SP29 in the timer interrupt process of FIG. 8, and the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, DELAY ON, DELAY OFF, and LO written in the storage areas of the buffer 5a corresponding to the respective sound generation channels.
Based on the parameter information such as OPEND, LOOP, TIME BASE, etc., it is possible to obtain the pronunciation of the same pitch and the repetition of the pronunciation from different sounding channels to which the same key information is assigned at different timings.
It is possible to obtain a musical sound that is closer to a live sound and has a depth that is rich in temporal changes due to overlapping of the same pitches asynchronously. Also, by operating the switch 2d, the clock FIX or C
When LK is selected, TIM as the selection information
The E BASE information is written in the buffer 5a, and the T
The timer interrupt shown in FIG. 8 or the tempo clock interrupt shown in FIG. 9 is selected and executed based on the IME BASE information, and a musical tone is produced and muted. Therefore, when the tempo clock CLK is selected as the TIME BASE information, the tempo clock C having a cycle corresponding to the tempo of the music piece.
Since the predetermined sound generation and silence timing of each sound generation channel are measured based on LK, a phrase corresponding to the tempo can be obtained and a musical sound having a temporal change such as a tone color corresponding to the tempo can be obtained. it can.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various effective modifications can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, the above-mentioned clocks FIX and CLK may be obtained from separate timers instead of one clock generator 7. Also, when the key is turned on (KEY ON), as shown in FIG.
Set the ON section, then DELAY OFF and LO
LOOP UNIT consisting of OP END may be repeated, and in this case, it is possible to obtain a musical sound with a depth that is richer in time change.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, one key information is assigned to a plurality of sound generation channels, and it is possible to obtain sound of the same pitch and repeat sound generation at different timings from the plurality of sound generation channels. Since it is configured as described above, it is possible to obtain a musical sound having a depth that is rich in temporal variation and is closer to a live sound due to non-synchronized overlapping of sounds of the same pitch.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing elemental features of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a PCM wave reproducing synthesizer embodying the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the contents of a buffer that stores parameter information.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a sound generation state in each sound generation channel to which the same key information is assigned.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the PCM wave reproducing synthesizer of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the PCM wave reproducing synthesizer of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the PCM wave reproducing synthesizer of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the PCM wave reproducing synthesizer of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the PCM wave reproducing synthesizer of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a modified example of sound generation timing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 keyboard section 2 operation panel section 3 CPU 4 ROM 5 RAM 5a buffer 6 tone generation circuit 7 clock generator 30 assigner (channel distributor) 31 sounding / silence timing setting section 32 sounding loop instruction section 33 tempo setting section 34 fixed / tempo Selector

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An electronic musical instrument capable of assigning one key information to a plurality of tone generation channels and producing a musical tone corresponding to the key information from the plurality of tone generation channels, to which the key information is assigned. Sounding / silence timing setting means for setting sounding timing and mute timing for each sounding channel, and sounding loop instructing means for instructing repetition of sounding according to the sounding timing and mute timing set for each sounding channel. And an electronic musical instrument controlling means for controlling the pronunciation of each of the sounding channels according to the setting by the sounding / silence timing setting means and the instruction by the sounding loop instructing means. 2. The sounding / silence timing setting means comprises:
It is configured to set the sounding timing and the mute timing based on the first cycle information having a fixed cycle or the second cycle information having a cycle according to the tempo, and selects the first and second cycle information. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising selection means for performing the selection.