JPH0622788B2 - Grinder - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a universal grinding machine equipped with an internal polishing device.

Conventional technology Conventionally, in a universal grinding machine equipped with an internal polishing device that can be moved between a standby position above the external grinding wheel head and a work position in the front, the internal polishing tool is fixed on the external polishing wheel head. There were many of them and I couldn't turn alone. The grinding wheel for external grinding is usually attached to the left side of the external grinding wheel shaft, and the external grinding wheel must be removed to avoid interference during internal grinding, and the external grinding wheel is left side of the external grinding wheel shaft during angle grinding. I had to replace it on the right side. And, an angle grinder with an internal polishing device attached thereto is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 47-47.
-29991 is available. In addition, the tailstock, which became unnecessary during the inner surface grinding, was usually removed from a cylindrical grinder with a short center-to-center distance and then lowered onto the floor or the like.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the cylindrical grinder described in the prior art, since the internal polishing device also rotates together with the external grinding wheel head, the internal polishing tool is rotated each time the external polishing wheel head is rotated. There was a problem that the origin position of the grindstone changed and had to be corrected each time.

Further, since the external grinding stone is removed during the internal surface grinding, there is a problem that simultaneous internal and external polishing cannot be performed with one chuck. Furthermore, if the grindstone is changed from the left side to the right side during angle grinding, the troublesome work such as changing the direction of the grindstone shaft motor and changing the grindstone cover will inevitably occur, resulting in a long setup change time. have. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 47-29991, angle grinding and internal grinding can be performed with one chuck, but it is limited to these two types of grinding processing, and it is inconvenient to widely handle various workpieces. There is a problem.

In addition, the work of lowering the tailstock, which is no longer needed during the inner surface grinding, to the floor, etc., would be done by the operator without equipment such as a crane. It also has the problem of requiring.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems of the prior art, the object is to eliminate the removal of the external grinding wheel and the replacement of the left and right, the external polishing wheel head and the internal polishing device respectively It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly versatile grinder that can be independently pivotally positioned and can be used for various types of workpieces without requiring setup change time.

In order to achieve the above object, in the grinding machine of the present invention, in a grinding machine of the present invention, a center table that is movable in a direction perpendicular to the work axis and has a vertical turning axis is installed, and the table is mounted on the center table. And an external grinding wheel head member having an external grinding device capable of turning around a vertical turning axis, first fixing means for clamping and unclamping the external grinding wheel head member and the middle table, and the vertical turning An upper turning shaft having a piston portion fixed concentrically to the shaft, and an inner grinding table mounted on the outer grinding wheel base member and having a cylinder portion fitted to the piston part of the upper turning shaft and capable of turning. An engagement / disengagement means for preventing the internal polishing table from rotating with respect to the upper turning shaft, a second fixing means for clamping / unclamping the internal polishing table and the grinding stone table member for external polishing, and the internal polishing table. It is pivotally supported on a horizontal axis that is provided and is parallel to the axis of the workpiece, and is supported in front of the external grinding wheel. An internal polishing device having an internal polishing grindstone that can be located, and a drive means for rotating the internal polishing device between a front working position and a standby position. First fixing means, second fixing means, engagement / disengagement means Is selectively operated to rotate the external polishing apparatus or the internal polishing apparatus.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that a positionally fixed support base is provided at the right end of the machine body, and the tailstock on the table can be retracted onto the support base at the right end of the table.

The clamping and unclamping of the intermediate base and the outer diameter grinding stone member is performed by using the first fixing means with a pressure fluid or the like, and the clamping and unclamping of the outer polishing grinding stone base member and the internal polishing table of the internal polishing machine is performed. The clamp is performed by applying the second fixing means with pressure fluid or the like.

Both clamps may be unclamped at the same time, and the external polishing wheel head member and the internal polishing device may be independently rotated, and then both may be simultaneously clamped for positioning.

It is also possible to engage the engaging means with the groove of the vertical turning shaft to restrict the turning of the internal polishing device, and to use both clamps as unclamps at the same time so that only the external grinding wheel head member is rotationally positioned independently.

Also, the grinding wheel head member for external polishing is clamped to restrict the rotation, the engaging means of the internal polishing device is disengaged, the internal polishing device is unclamped, and the internal polishing device is individually rotated and then clamped and positioned. You can also

Also, clamp the internal grinding device and unclamp the grinding stone base member for external grinding, disengage the engaging means of the internal grinding device, and turn the internal grinding device and the grinding stone base member for external grinding as a unit. After that, the grinding wheel base member for external polishing can be clamped and positioned.

Further, the tailstock on the table is retracted on the support fixed to the right end of the bed to increase the space on the table and eliminate interference during internal polishing.

Example An example will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

Bed 1 installed on the floor in the well-known universal grinder
The carriage 2 is movably mounted on the upper slide guide surface 1a, the table 3 is mounted on the carriage, and the table 3 is driven by a ball screw (not shown) and a servomotor. A universal headstock 4 and a tailstock 9 are provided on the table so that the mounting positions can be adjusted. A chuck 6 is fitted to the tip of a spindle 5 rotatably supported by the headstock 4, and a spindle 5 is attached. Can be fixed to the headstock by a fixing device to form a dead type spindle, and the tailstock 9 has the tailstock shaft 8 movably supported in the axial direction.

A lower grinding wheel base 10 having a sliding guide surface in a direction perpendicular to the sliding guide surface 1a is fixed to the upper surface of the rear side of the bed 1 (as viewed from the operator side), and the middle base 11 can be moved on the lower grinding stone table. It is placed and driven by the driving device 12 for fast-forwarding or cutting-forwarding. A vertical swivel shaft 13 is fixed to a central portion of the upper part of the middle base 11 by bolts 14, and a main body 21 of the grinding wheel base 20 for external polishing has a plurality of radial bearings 15 and thrust bearings 16.
It is rotatably pivotally supported via and is mounted on the center table 11 so as to be rotatable around the revolving shaft 13. A piston 23 is fitted and inserted into a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders 22 that are provided at equal intervals on a concentric circle with the rotation axis of the bottom of the wheel head body 21.
T-shaped engaging portion 23b at the lower end of the piston rod 23a integral with the
Is a T-slot 1 that is concentric with the swivel shaft 13 that is planted on the base 11.
The disc head 24 is fitted into the lathe 1a and is stretched between the lower end face of the piston 23 and the upper end face of the hole of the grindstone base body so that the grindstone base body is always clamped on the intermediate base. ing. And a hydraulic cylinder 22 drilled in the main body of the whetstone
When the pressure oil is supplied to the cylinder 22 from the oil passage 21a communicating with the upper chamber, the clamp is released.

An external grinding wheel spindle unit 25 is horizontally attached to the front side of the grinding wheel base body 21, and an external polishing wheel 26 is fitted to the right side of the external grinding wheel spindle unit. The external grinding wheel 26 is rotated via a belt 29 by a grinding wheel motor 28 fixed to the rear side of the main body 21 via a motor base 27.

Further, the upper base 31 is fixed on the whetstone main body 21,
An upper swivel shaft 32 having an upper end flange formed on a piston 33 is concentrically fixed to the upper end of the vertical swivel shaft 13 so as to pass through the center of the upper base. A hydraulic cylinder 36 vertically bored in the internal polishing table 35 of the internal polishing apparatus 30 is fitted to the piston 33, and a bearing bracket 37 fixed to the internal polishing table 35 rotates around the upper turning shaft 32. When possible, the internal polishing table 35 can be swung around the upper swivel axis.
It is placed on top. Then, the T-shaped engaging portion 41b at the tip of the piston rod 41a integral with the piston 41 fitted into the hydraulic cylinders 40 in the vertical direction, which are provided at equal intervals on the concentric circle with the rotation axis on the bottom surface of the internal polishing table 35, is provided on the upper table. It is fitted and inserted in a T groove 31 a which is concentric with the turning shaft 13 engraved on 31. The internal polishing body is always clamped to the upper table by the disc spring 43 stretched between the lower end surface of the piston 41 and the hole end surface of the internal polishing table, and the hydraulic cylinder 40 of the hydraulic cylinder 40 drilled in the internal polishing table is fixed. The clamp is released when pressure oil is supplied to the cylinder 40 from the oil passage 35a communicating with the upper chamber.

A horizontal intermediate shaft 44 is rotatably supported on the front side of the internal polishing table 35. The intermediate shaft is belted by an internal polishing motor 46 fixed on the rear side of the internal polishing table via a motor base 45. It is adapted to be rotated via 47. Further, the internal polishing table 35 has a swivel arm 50 whose swivel center is concentric with the intermediate shaft.
Is rotatably attached, and a segment gear is formed on the slewing arm 50 concentrically with the center of slewing. The segment gear is meshed via a pinion gear 54 with a rack gear 53 engraved on the outer circumference of a piston 52 fitted and inserted in a hydraulic cylinder 51 vertically bored in the center of the internal polishing table 35. When the pressure oil is switched by a switching valve (not shown) and the piston 52 moves, the swing arm 5
Internal rotation axis unit 5 attached at the tip
7 is positioned at two positions, an upper standby position and a working position in front of the external grinding wheel spindle unit 25. The position of the inner polishing shaft unit 57 positioned at the working position is larger than that of the conventional internal polishing device with respect to the outer polishing wheel shaft unit 25. Further, the inner grinding wheel 56 is fitted to the tip of the inner grinding wheel shaft of the inner grinding wheel unit 57, and the inner grinding wheel is the intermediate shaft 4
4 through the belt 62 stretched between
It is designed to be rotated by 6.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a hole 35b is horizontally fitted in the internal polishing table 35 toward the turning axis, and is carved at the entrance of the center hole of the bush 58 fitted in the hole 35b. A positioning pin 59 is screwed onto the screw, and a tip 59a of the positioning pin is removably engaged with a groove 32a that is formed in a corresponding position of the upper turning shaft 32 and is slightly long in the vertical direction. . With the positioning pin 59 engaged with the groove 32a, the internal polishing device is positioned so that the axis line of the internal polishing wheel shaft is parallel to the slide guide surface 1a of the bed 1. There is. Further, when the positioning pin 59 is disengaged and pressure oil is supplied from the oil passage 35a to the cylinder 40, the piston 41 descends and the T-shaped portion 41b at the tip of the piston rod 41a descends, and the internal polishing table. When the clamps of 35 and the upper table 31 are released and at the same time pressure oil is supplied from the oil passage 35c communicating with the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 36 formed in the inner polishing table 35, the internal polishing table 35 moves slightly upward. By moving, the upper end surface of the bearing bracket 37 and the lower end surface of the piston 33 come into contact with each other via the thrust bearing 60, so that the internal polishing apparatus can independently swivel. Further, when pressure oil is supplied from the oil passage 21a to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 22 in this state, the clamp between the intermediate base 11 and the grinding wheel head body 21 is released, and the grinding wheel head 20 for external polishing can be independently turned. Becomes Further, when the positioning pin 59 is engaged with the groove 32a in the above-mentioned state, only the outer grinding wheel head 20 can be rotated while the inner grinding device 30 is properly kept parallel to the bed slide guide surface 1a. Becomes

Further, the work locator 6 for detecting the end surface position of the workpiece W gripped by the chuck 6 on the external grinding wheel axis unit 25.
1 is attached, and the contact portion at the tip of the work locator 61 is adapted to be swung upward and retracted except during measurement.

Further, the right side end portion 1 on the rear side of the slide guide surface 1a of the bed 1
A support base 64 is fixed to b, and a guide 65 is provided on the support base 64. When the table 3 moves rightward to the right end, the table 3 approaches the guide 65,
The tailstock 9 is manually or automatically replaced from the table onto the guide of the support base, retracted, and the workpiece W2 or W3 is gripped by the chuck 6 and ground. For example, in the case of one-chuck processing including inner surface grinding, it is possible to secure a space for a hole diameter measuring instrument by taking a large amount of leftward movement of the table.

Next, the processing mode of the grinding machine of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, pressure oil is supplied to the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 51 to retract the swivel arm 50 of the internal polishing apparatus 30 to the upper standby position via the rack 53 and the pinion 54, and the headstock 4 and the center. The shaft workpiece W1 is supported between both centers of the press base 9, and the outer grinding wheel 26 is used to perform cylindrical grinding. Also the fourth
As shown in the drawing, pressure oil is supplied to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 51 to rotate the swing arm 50 of the internal polishing apparatus 30 to the working position, hold the workpiece W2 on the chuck 6 of the headstock 4, and further move the core. The press base 9 is retracted to the support base 64, and the inner grinding wheel 56 is used to perform inner surface grinding. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the internal polishing device 30 is retracted to the upper standby position, and the positioning pin 59 is engaged with the groove 32a of the upper rotary shaft to restrict the rotary motion of the internal polishing device 30, and the hydraulic cylinder 36, Oil passage 35 in the upper chamber of 40
Pressure oil is supplied via a and 35c to release the clamp between the upper table 31 and the internal polishing table 35, and the internal polishing apparatus is slightly floated. Then, pressure oil is supplied to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 22 via the oil passage 21a to release the clamp between the intermediate base 11 and the grinding wheel body 21 for external grinding, and the wheel head body 21 is swung to rotate the angle head grinder. Then, the supply of pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinders 22, 36, 40 is stopped, and the whetstone main body is clamped on the middle table, and the inner polishing table is clamped on the upper table 31 fixed on the whetstone table main body. The outer diameter of the workpiece W2 and the end face of the flange portion are ground by the outer grinding stone 26 formed to have an angle for the angle head.
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, while the workpiece W2, which has been subjected to the cylindrical grinding process described with reference to FIG. 5, is held by the chuck 6, pressure oil is supplied to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 51, and the internal polishing apparatus 30 Can be turned to the work position, and the inner grinding wheel 56 can be used to grind the inner surface to obtain concentricity of the machined surface. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the workpiece W3 held by the headstock chuck 6 is swung by rotating only the internal polishing device 30.
The outer diameter b of the small-diameter portion and the end surface c of the convex portion a of the end surface of the large-diameter portion can also be ground by the grindstone attached to the internal polishing shaft unit 57.

Effects Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects are achieved.

It is not possible to independently position the external grinding wheel head and the internal grinding device separately, and it is also possible to restrict the turning of the internal grinding device and rotate only the external grinding wheel head. Since the turning is regulated so that only the internal grinding device can be rotated and positioned, the external grinding wheel head can be used for normal cylindrical grinding parallel to the axis of the workpiece, corresponding to workpieces of various shapes.
Various grinding such as tilting and tilting for angle cylindrical grinding, normal grinding of the internal polishing equipment parallel to the workpiece axis, tilting and grinding of the interference part with a cup grindstone, etc. does not require any special setup change time. It becomes possible to grind.

Furthermore, since the tailstock is retracted on the support table fixed to the right side of the bed, when the workpiece is gripped by the chuck of the headstock and grinding is performed, for example, in the case of internal grinding, the distance between centers is reduced. Even with a short and small grinder, a large table work area can be easily obtained without requiring setup time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side cutaway view of a grinding machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cutaway view of a main part of FIG. 1 showing a positioning pin portion of an internal polishing device, and FIG. 3 is a top view of the grinding machine during cylindrical grinding. Figures and 4 are top views of the grinding machine during internal grinding, and Figures 5 and 6 are top views of a grinding machine that performs cylindrical grinding with an angle head specification and continues to perform internal grinding with one chuck. FIG. 7 and FIG. 7 are top views of the grinder during the grinding of the specially shaped workpiece by rotating the internal polishing device. 9 ... tailstock 13 ... vertical swivel axis, 20 ... external grinding wheel base 26 ... external grinding wheel, 30 ... internal grinding device 32 ... upper swivel axis, 50 ... swivel arm 56 ... inside Grinding stone, 64 ... Supporting stand

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A center table (11) which is movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece and has a vertical rotation axis (13), and a center table mounted on the center table and rotatable about the vertical rotation axis. External grinding wheel head (20, 31) member having a device (25), and first fixing means (22, 31) for clamping and unclamping the external grinding wheel head member and the middle table.
23, 24) and a piston (3
3) the upper turning shaft (32), and the inner grinding table (35) mounted on the outer grinding wheel base member, the cylinder of which is fitted to the piston part of the upper grinding shaft (36) and which can rotate. ), An engagement / disengagement means for preventing the inner polishing table from rotating with respect to the upper turning shaft, and a second fixing means (40, 41) for clamping / unclamping the inner polishing table and the outer polishing wheel base member. ), And an internal polishing apparatus having an internal polishing wheel that is pivotally supported on a horizontal axis parallel to the work piece axis provided on the internal polishing table and that can be positioned in front of the external polishing wheel, and the internal polishing apparatus. Drive means (51, 52, 53, 54) for rotating the front part to a work position and a standby position on the front surface, the first fixing means and the second fixing means.
A grinding machine characterized in that an external polishing device or an internal polishing device is turned by selectively operating a fixing means and an engaging / disengaging means. 2. A support base fixed in position on the right end (1b) of the machine body.
The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein (64) is provided, and the tailstock (9) on the table (3) can be retracted onto the support at the right end of the table.