JPH0623391A - Ascending flow type biological treatment apparatus - Google Patents
Ascending flow type biological treatment apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0623391A JPH0623391A JP4098480A JP9848092A JPH0623391A JP H0623391 A JPH0623391 A JP H0623391A JP 4098480 A JP4098480 A JP 4098480A JP 9848092 A JP9848092 A JP 9848092A JP H0623391 A JPH0623391 A JP H0623391A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- air
- raw water
- pipe
- nitrification
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 80
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000802 nitrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 27
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 16
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000852 hydrogen donor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、アンモニア性窒素（Ｎ
Ｈ3 −Ｎ）を含む有機性汚水を生物学的に硝化脱窒素す
る処理装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to ammoniacal nitrogen (N
H 3 -N) relates processing apparatus for biologically nitrifying denitrifying the organic wastewater containing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の有機性汚水を生物学的に硝化脱窒
素する処理装置は図２に示すように、脱窒素ろ床２６と
硝化ろ床２７とを直列的に配置し、脱窒素ろ床２６には
脱窒素菌を担持したアンスラサイトなどの粒状鉱物のろ
材を充填し、硝化ろ床２７には硝化菌を担持したアンス
ラサイトなどの粒状鉱物のろ材を充填して、弁３７、３
８、３９および４０を開いた状態とし、弁４１、４２、
４３、４４および４５は閉じた状態として、有機性汚水
からなる原水を原水供給管２５を通して脱窒素ろ床２６
に供給し、またポンプ４６により処理水槽３１から硝化
液を脱窒素ろ床２６に送水し、硝化槽２７では散気管２
８より空気など酸素含有ガスを散気して、装置内に硝化
液を循環しながら、原水中のアンモニア性窒素およびＢ
ＯＤを処理する生物学的脱窒素装置が典型的な装置であ
る。2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 2, a conventional treatment apparatus for biologically nitrifying and denitrifying an organic wastewater has a denitrification filter bed 26 and a nitrification filter bed 27 arranged in series to form a denitrification filter. The bed 26 is filled with a granular mineral filter medium such as anthracite carrying denitrifying bacteria, and the nitrification filter bed 27 is filled with a granular mineral filter medium such as anthracite carrying nitrifying bacteria.
8, 39 and 40 are opened and valves 41, 42,
With 43, 44 and 45 closed, raw water consisting of organic wastewater is passed through the raw water supply pipe 25 to remove the denitrification filter 26.
In addition, the nitrification liquid is supplied from the treated water tank 31 to the denitrification filter bed 26 by the pump 46, and the nitrification tank 27 uses the diffusing pipe 2
From 8 the oxygen-containing gas such as air is diffused, and the nitrifying solution is circulated in the device while the ammonia nitrogen and B
A biological denitrification device that processes OD is a typical device.
【０００３】しかし、上記従来技術に基づく処理装置は
次のような欠点を有し、さらに優れた技術による処理装
置の開発が望まれている。 脱窒素ろ床２６を有する脱窒素槽と硝化ろ床２７を
有する硝化槽が横に並ぶ配置であるため設置に広い設置
面積が必要である。 脱窒素ろ床２６と硝化ろ床２７が、ＳＳの蓄積によ
って閉塞を起こし、ろ過抵抗が増加した場合、後述する
洗浄手段を用いて各々のろ床を別々に洗浄しなければな
らないという不都合さがあり、そのため洗浄手段の設置
にも場所をとっていた。However, the processing device based on the above-mentioned conventional technique has the following drawbacks, and it is desired to develop a processing device by a further excellent technique. Since the denitrification tank having the denitrification filter bed 26 and the nitrification tank having the nitrification filter bed 27 are arranged side by side, a large installation area is required for installation. When the denitrification filter bed 26 and the nitrification filter bed 27 become clogged due to the accumulation of SS and the filtration resistance increases, there is the inconvenience that each filter bed must be washed separately using the cleaning means described later. Therefore, space was taken for the installation of cleaning means.
【０００４】 硝化液を脱窒素部に循環するためにポ
ンプ４６が必要であり、大量の排水処理を行うケースで
は、この循環ポンプ４６の稼働に所要の動力が大きくな
り問題である。 脱窒素槽のろ床２６にＳＳを含んだ有機性汚水が流
入するので、ろ床の閉塞の進み方が速く、頻繁な逆洗を
行わなければならず、その結果、ろ床洗浄排水の発生量
が多く、その洗浄排水の処理が問題になる。A pump 46 is required to circulate the nitrification solution to the denitrification section, and in the case of performing a large amount of wastewater treatment, the power required to operate the circulation pump 46 becomes large, which is a problem. Since the organic wastewater containing SS flows into the filter bed 26 of the denitrification tank, the filter bed clogs quickly, and frequent backwashing must be performed, resulting in the generation of filter bed wash drainage. Since the amount is large, the treatment of the cleaning wastewater becomes a problem.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の課題は、上記
〜の欠点をすべて解消できる新技術を提供するもの
である。すなわち、 アンモニア性窒素を含む有機性汚
水を生物学的に硝化脱窒素する処理装置において、その
処理装置が簡単で設置面積が少なく、処理用ろ床の閉塞
が著しく少なく、従ってろ床洗浄頻度を従来より大幅に
少なくでき、洗浄排水の発生量を減少させることにあ
る。また、処理装置運転のための所要動力をできるだけ
少なくすることにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a new technique capable of solving all of the above-mentioned disadvantages (1) to (3). That is, in a treatment device for biologically nitrifying and denitrifying organic wastewater containing ammoniacal nitrogen, the treatment device is simple and has a small installation area, and the clogging of the treatment filter bed is extremely small, and therefore the filter bed cleaning frequency is reduced. The purpose is to reduce the amount of wastewater generated by washing by significantly reducing it. Moreover, it is to reduce the power required for operating the processing apparatus as much as possible.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題は下記上向流式
生物学的処理装置の発明によって達成される。すなわ
ち、処理槽内に立体的網目構造を有する粒状固体の充填
層を形成すると共に、該充填層の内部または下部に酸素
含有ガス供給手段を設け、前記充填層の上部に気泡捕集
部を形成させ、該気泡捕集部を槽下部と連通する循環路
を設けてなることを特徴とする上向流式生物学的処理装
置である。The above object can be achieved by the invention of an upflow biological treatment apparatus described below. That is, a packed bed of a granular solid having a three-dimensional network structure is formed in the treatment tank, an oxygen-containing gas supply means is provided inside or below the packed bed, and a bubble trap is formed above the packed bed. The upflow biological treatment apparatus is characterized in that a circulation path is provided for communicating the air bubble collection unit with the lower portion of the tank.
【０００７】本発明の骨子は、単一槽の処理装置で硝化
脱窒素を行えるようにし、従って装置の洗浄も１槽の洗
浄ですむようにしたことにある。またさらに、硝化液を
脱窒素部に循環するためのポンプが不要にできたため、
ポンプを稼働するための大きい動力が要らなくなったこ
とにある。The essence of the present invention is that nitrification and denitrification can be performed in a single-tank treatment apparatus, and therefore the apparatus can be cleaned by cleaning only one tank. Furthermore, since a pump for circulating the nitrification solution to the denitrification section is not required,
There is no need for a large amount of power to operate the pump.
【０００８】本発明の１実施例を図１に示し、図を参照
しながら本発明の具体的な構成について説明する。しか
しながら、本発明は以下の説明によって制限されるもの
ではない。An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1, and a specific configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawing. However, the present invention is not limited by the following description.
【０００９】図１に示す本発明の処理槽１内には粒状ろ
材を充填した充填層２が浸漬固定床として設けられてい
る。この充填層２の内部に空気などの酸素含有ガスを散
気するため散気管３が設けられ、処理層外の送風機５か
ら空気などの酸素含有ガスが散気管３に送られる。な
お、散気管は充填層２の下部に設けてもよく、また散気
管３および散気管４として２基配置するのも好適であ
る。２基配置した場合、散気管３は硝化菌に呼吸用酸素
を供給するプロセスエア供給用の管であり、散気管４は
空洗エアー供給管であり、充填層２が目詰まりした場合
の空気洗浄用に使用される。In a treatment tank 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, a packed bed 2 filled with a granular filter medium is provided as an immersion fixed bed. An air diffuser 3 is provided inside the packed bed 2 to diffuse oxygen-containing gas such as air, and an oxygen-containing gas such as air is sent to the air diffuser 3 from a blower 5 outside the treatment bed. The air diffuser may be provided below the packed bed 2, and it is also preferable to dispose two air diffuser tubes 3 and 4 as the air diffuser tubes. When two units are arranged, the air diffusing pipe 3 is a pipe for supplying process oxygen to nitrifying bacteria, the air diffusing pipe 4 is an air washing air supplying pipe, and air when the packed bed 2 is clogged. Used for cleaning.
【００１０】図１において、処理槽１内の充填層２の散
気管３より上部は硝化菌が固定化された好気性の硝化ろ
床２Ａとして機能し、散気管３より下部は脱窒素菌が固
定化されており嫌気性の脱窒素ろ床２Ｂとして機能す
る。硝化ろ床２Ａの上部にはバッフル８が設けられてい
る。このバッフル８の直ぐ下にはろ材流出を阻止する多
孔性部材１７が設けられている。この多孔性部材１７は
網、グレーチング、多孔板や格子などで作られる。硝化
ろ床２Ａの上部に設けられた上記バッフル８に支えられ
て気泡捕集用フード６が設けられている。この処理槽１
の該捕集用フード６の外側の処理水流出面１０の水位に
は、処理水流出弁２０を備えた処理水流出管１６が出て
いる。In FIG. 1, the upper part of the diffusing tube 3 of the packed bed 2 in the treatment tank 1 functions as an aerobic nitrification filter 2A on which nitrifying bacteria are immobilized, and the lower part of the diffusing tube 3 is denitrifying bacteria. It functions as an immobilized anaerobic denitrification filter 2B. A baffle 8 is provided above the nitrification filter bed 2A. Immediately below the baffle 8 is provided a porous member 17 for preventing the filter medium from flowing out. The porous member 17 is made of mesh, grating, perforated plate, lattice, or the like. A bubble collecting hood 6 is provided supported by the baffle 8 provided above the nitrification filter bed 2A. This processing tank 1
A treated water outflow pipe 16 having a treated water outflow valve 20 is provided at the water level of the treated water outflow surface 10 outside the collection hood 6.
【００１１】上記硝化ろ床２Ａの最上部に設けられた気
泡捕集用フード６の上部は断面積が狭く絞られエアリフ
ト・ドラフトチューブ７となっている。このエアリフト
・ドラフトチューブ７には、バッフル８が案内手段とな
って、ろ床２Ａから上昇してくる気泡を含んだ硝化液が
気泡捕集フード６に導かれる。このバッフル８に支えら
れ、上部がエアリフト・ドラフトチューブ７となってい
る気泡を含んだ硝化液を捕集する気泡捕集フード６を設
けたことが本発明の重要な部分を構成している。The upper portion of the bubble collecting hood 6 provided at the uppermost portion of the nitrification filter bed 2A has an air lift / draft tube 7 whose cross-sectional area is narrowed down. The baffle 8 serves as a guide means to the air lift / draft tube 7, and the nitrification liquid containing bubbles rising from the filter bed 2A is guided to the bubble collection hood 6. An important part of the present invention is to provide the bubble collecting hood 6 which is supported by the baffle 8 and has an air lift / draft tube 7 at the upper portion thereof to collect the nitrifying solution containing bubbles.
【００１２】気泡捕集用フード６のエアリフト・ドラフ
トチューブ７の部分の外側を取り囲んで溢流口９を設
け、この溢流口９から循環弁１１を備えた硝化液循環用
管１５が配管され、この管１５は原水槽１２に連結して
いる。また、この溢流口９から洗浄排水弁２４を備えた
洗浄排水管２１が配管され、洗浄排水は溢流口９からこ
の管２１を通り途中に沈殿槽２２などの固液分離工程を
経て処理水となって系外に流出する。また沈殿槽２２か
らは沈殿分離したＳＳを排出するＳＳ排出管２３が出て
いる。また、原水供給管１３からの原水は上記原水槽１
２に入り、循環する硝化液と共に原水流入管１４を経て
処理槽１の底部から処理槽１に流入する。An overflow port 9 is provided so as to surround the outside of the air lift / draft tube 7 of the bubble collecting hood 6, and a nitrification solution circulation pipe 15 equipped with a circulation valve 11 is provided from this overflow port 9. The pipe 15 is connected to the raw water tank 12. Further, a cleaning drainage pipe 21 equipped with a cleaning drainage valve 24 is piped from this overflow port 9, and the cleaning drainage is processed through a solid-liquid separation process such as a settling tank 22 while passing from the overflow port 9 through this pipe 21. It becomes water and flows out of the system. Further, from the settling tank 22, an SS discharge pipe 23 for discharging the SS separated and separated is set out. The raw water from the raw water supply pipe 13 is the raw water tank 1 described above.
2 and flows into the treatment tank 1 from the bottom of the treatment tank 1 through the raw water inflow pipe 14 together with the circulating nitrification liquid.
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】次に、図１を用いて本発明の作用について説明
する。汚水を処理している間、循環弁１１、原水流入弁
１８、処理水流出弁２０および原水供給弁１９は開いて
おり、洗浄排水弁２４は閉じている。この状態では原水
槽１２中で原水と混合しながら硝化液は処理槽１内を循
環している。処理槽内を循環している硝化液は充填層２
Ａ内を上向流として散気管３からの気泡と共に上昇し、
バッフル８に案内されて気泡捕集用フード６に導かれ、
エアリフト・ドラフトチューブ７の部分でエアリフト効
果を受ける。上記エアリフト・ドラフトチューブ７内で
エアリフト効果を受けている循環硝化液のエアリフト・
ドラフトチューブ７内での水位Ｃは、気泡捕集用フード
６の外側の周りの処理槽１に設けた処理水流出管１６よ
りも高い水位になっており、硝化液はドラフトチューブ
７より溢流口９を経て硝化液循環用管１５に流出する。Next, the operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The circulation valve 11, the raw water inflow valve 18, the treated water outflow valve 20, and the raw water supply valve 19 are open and the cleaning drainage valve 24 is closed while the wastewater is being treated. In this state, the nitrification liquid circulates in the treatment tank 1 while being mixed with the raw water in the raw water tank 12. The nitrification liquid circulating in the treatment tank is packed bed 2
Ascends in A and rises with bubbles from the diffuser tube 3,
Guided by the baffle 8 and guided to the bubble collecting hood 6,
The air-lift / draft tube 7 part receives the air-lift effect. Air lift of the circulating nitrification liquid that has been subjected to the air lift effect in the air lift / draft tube 7 above.
The water level C in the draft tube 7 is higher than that of the treated water outflow pipe 16 provided in the treatment tank 1 around the outside of the bubble collecting hood 6, and the nitrification liquid overflows from the draft tube 7. It flows out to the nitrification liquid circulation pipe 15 through the port 9.
【００１４】しかして、循環硝化液は硝化液循環用管１
５を通って原水槽１２に流入し、ここで下水などの有機
性汚水すなわち原水と混合された後、原水流入管１４を
経由し、処理槽１の底部から脱窒素ろ床２Ｂに流入す
る。このようにして、ポンプを必要とせず、散気管３か
らの酸素含有ガス供給力と原水供給力とによって無動力
で硝化液の循環が行えることが本発明特有の効果であ
る。Thus, the circulating nitrification liquid is the nitrification liquid circulation pipe 1.
After flowing into the raw water tank 12 through 5 and being mixed with organic wastewater such as sewage, that is, raw water, it flows from the bottom of the treatment tank 1 into the denitrification filter 2B through the raw water inflow pipe 14. In this manner, it is an effect peculiar to the present invention that the nitrifying solution can be circulated without power by the oxygen-containing gas supply force from the diffuser pipe 3 and the raw water supply force without using a pump.
【００１５】処理槽１の底部から原水と共に混合して循
環硝化液が脱窒素ろ床２Ｂに流入すると、脱窒素ろ床２
Ｂのろ材には脱窒素菌が高濃度に固定化されているの
で、循環硝化液中のＮＯX −Ｎが原水中のＢＯＤを水素
供与体として窒素ガスに還元されて除去され、同時に原
水中のＢＯＤも除去される。またこの時原水中のＳＳも
高度にろ過除去される。脱窒素ろ床２Ｂで発生する窒素
ガスは、硝化ろ床２Ａ内を上昇し、最終的にドラフトチ
ューブ７から大気中に放出されて行く。When the circulating nitrification liquid is mixed with the raw water from the bottom of the treatment tank 1 and flows into the denitrification filter 2B, the denitrification filter 2
Since the denitrifying bacteria are immobilized at a high concentration on the B filter medium, NO X -N in the circulating nitrification solution is reduced to nitrogen gas by using BOD in the raw water as a hydrogen donor and removed at the same time. BOD of is also removed. At this time, SS in the raw water is also highly filtered and removed. The nitrogen gas generated in the denitrification filter bed 2B rises in the nitrification filter bed 2A and is finally discharged from the draft tube 7 into the atmosphere.
【００１６】しかして、原水中のＮＨ3 −Ｎは硝化ろ床
２Ａにおいて、該ろ床に高濃度に固定化されている硝化
菌と酸素によってＮＯ2 −ＮまたはＮＯ3 −Ｎ（ＮＯX
−Ｎと総称する）に酸化される。また、原水のＳＳのろ
過除去はこの硝化ろ床２Ａでも進む。なお、本発明の処
理工程はまた、散気管３からの空気の供給を停止し、散
気管４から空気を脱窒素ろ床２Ｂに供給することによっ
て、溶存酸素濃度が比較的低い脱窒素ろ床２Ｂで好気的
脱窒素を起こさせるようにしてもよい。以上記述したよ
うな作用によって、原水中のＳＳ、ＢＯＤ、ＮＨ3 −Ｎ
が高度に除去された処理水が得られる。In the nitrifying filter bed 2A, however, the NH 3 -N in the raw water is NO 2 -N or NO 3 -N (NO x) due to nitrifying bacteria and oxygen which are immobilized in the filter bed at a high concentration.
(Collectively referred to as -N). Further, SS removal of raw water by filtration also proceeds in this nitrification filter bed 2A. In the treatment process of the present invention, the supply of air from the air diffusing tube 3 is stopped and the air is supplied from the air diffusing tube 4 to the denitrifying filter bed 2B, whereby the denitrifying filter bed having a relatively low dissolved oxygen concentration is obtained. Aerobic denitrification may be performed in 2B. By the action as described above, SS, BOD, NH 3 -N in raw water
The treated water is highly removed.
【００１７】本発明の装置において、充填層２を構成す
る粒状ろ材にどのような特性のろ材を使用するかという
点も重要なファクターである。本発明の装置に使用する
最も好適なろ材は、ろ材自身が立体的網目構造をもち、
その網目構造内に硝化菌あるいは脱窒素菌を大量に固定
化保持できるろ材である。その理由は次の通りある。 立体的網目構造をもつろ材（例えばポリウレタンフ
ォーム粒状物や合成繊維を糸毬状に丸めたものなど）
は、ろ材自身の内部にも空隙部をもつため、充填層を形
成させたとき、充填層の空隙率を９８％と極めて大きく
でき、ろ過抵抗を著しく小さくできる。これに対して、
従来ろ材に用いられているアンスラサイトなどの粒状物
の充填層の空隙率は５０％に過ぎない。In the apparatus of the present invention, what kind of characteristics the filter medium has as the granular filter medium constituting the filling layer 2 is also an important factor. The most suitable filter medium used in the device of the present invention has a three-dimensional network structure itself,
It is a filter medium that can immobilize and hold a large amount of nitrifying bacteria or denitrifying bacteria in the mesh structure. The reason is as follows. A filter medium having a three-dimensional network structure (for example, polyurethane foam granules or synthetic fibers rolled into a string shape)
Since the filter medium has voids inside itself, when the filling layer is formed, the porosity of the filling layer can be extremely increased to 98% and the filtration resistance can be remarkably reduced. On the contrary,
The porosity of the packed bed of granular materials such as anthracite, which has been conventionally used for filter media, is only 50%.
【００１８】 アンスラサイトなどの粒状物は、その
表面に薄く微生物膜が付着するだけなので、充填層内に
保持できる硝化菌、脱窒素菌が少量であり、そのため反
応容器速度が大きくない。これに対して、立体的網目構
造をもつろ材はその網目構造内に多量の硝化菌、脱窒素
菌を保持でき、反応速度を５〜７倍も高めることができ
る。[0018] Since particulates such as anthracite only have a thin microbial film attached to the surface thereof, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria that can be retained in the packed bed are small in amount, and therefore the reaction vessel speed is not high. On the other hand, a filter medium having a three-dimensional network structure can retain a large amount of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the network structure and can increase the reaction rate by 5 to 7 times.
【００１９】 空隙率を９８％と極めて大きなろ材は
ろ過抵抗が非常に小さいので、少ないエアリフト効果
で、多量の硝化液を脱窒素部へ循環できる。これに対し
てアンスラサイトなどの粒状物を使うとろ過抵抗が大き
いため、本発明と同等のエアリフト効果では、所要の硝
化液循環量が得られない。このように、本発明は立体的
網目構造をもつ粒状物によって充填層２を形成し、かつ
前記のような装置構成を採用することによって大きな効
果を示す。A filter medium having an extremely high porosity of 98% has a very small filtration resistance, and therefore a large amount of nitrification liquid can be circulated to the denitrification section with a small airlift effect. On the other hand, if granular materials such as anthracite are used, the filtration resistance is large, and thus the required amount of circulating nitrifying solution cannot be obtained with the air lift effect equivalent to that of the present invention. As described above, the present invention exhibits a great effect by forming the filling layer 2 by the granular material having a three-dimensional network structure and adopting the above-mentioned device configuration.
【００２０】なお図１において、前述のように中間散気
部材３を設置せず、下部散気部材４から空気を供給する
ようにしてもよい。なぜなら、このようにしても、本発
明は上向流なので、充填層の下部における溶存酸素濃度
は上部ほど高くないからである。このことは充填層２の
下部の散気部材４から曝気しても下側の脱窒素ろ床２Ｂ
での脱窒素反応を阻害することがないことで実験的にも
確かめられた。これは本発明のろ材が多孔性の立体的網
目構造を有し、粒状物表面と内部とで異なる微生物を保
持し、酸素濃度も異なっていることによる効果でもあ
る。In FIG. 1, the intermediate air diffusing member 3 may not be installed as described above, but air may be supplied from the lower air diffusing member 4. This is because even in this case, since the present invention is an upward flow, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the lower part of the packed bed is not as high as in the upper part. This means that even if aeration member 4 under the packed bed 2 is aerated, the denitrification filter bed 2B on the lower side is aerated.
It was also confirmed experimentally that it does not inhibit the denitrification reaction in. This is also an effect due to the fact that the filter medium of the present invention has a porous three-dimensional network structure, retains different microorganisms on the surface and inside of the granular material, and has different oxygen concentrations.
【００２１】次に、本発明の充填層２の洗浄方法につい
て説明する。先ず図２によって従来の技術における脱窒
素ろ床２６と硝化ろ床２７を別々に洗浄する工程のフロ
ーを説明すると、弁３７を閉じて原水供給管２５からの
原水の供給を停止し、ポンプ４６を停止し、弁４０を閉
じ、３８および、３９を閉じると汚水の処理は停止す
る。次に洗浄系の弁４１、４２、４４および４５を開
き、弁４３は閉じた状態でポンプ４７を駆動して処理水
槽３１から脱窒素ろ床２６および硝化ろ床２７に逆洗水
を送水し、空洗管３３および空洗管３４から空気を送っ
て脱窒素ろ床２６および硝化ろ床２７を洗浄する。洗浄
排水は脱窒素ろ床２６および硝化ろ床２７から溢流し、
洗浄排水管４８を通って系外に流出される。Next, a method of cleaning the filling layer 2 of the present invention will be described. First, referring to FIG. 2, the flow of the step of separately cleaning the denitrification filter bed 26 and the nitrification filter bed 27 in the prior art will be described. The valve 37 is closed to stop the supply of the raw water from the raw water supply pipe 25, and the pump 46. Is stopped, valve 40 is closed, and 38 and 39 are closed, the treatment of waste water is stopped. Next, the valves 41, 42, 44 and 45 of the cleaning system are opened and the valve 43 is closed to drive the pump 47 to feed the backwash water from the treated water tank 31 to the denitrification filter bed 26 and the nitrification filter bed 27. Air is sent from the air washing pipe 33 and the air washing pipe 34 to wash the denitrification filter bed 26 and the nitrification filter bed 27. The washing waste water overflows from the denitrification filter bed 26 and the nitrification filter bed 27,
It flows out of the system through the cleaning drainage pipe 48.
【００２２】以上図２による洗浄についての説明から分
かるように、従来の技術では脱窒素ろ床２６および硝化
ろ床２７の洗浄は、洗浄操作が複雑である上に、多量の
処理水を使用して洗浄しなければならない欠点があっ
た。これに対して本発明では構造的に１基のろ床のみを
洗浄するだけでよい。すなわち、原水を供給しながら１
０〜３０分程度散気管４の空気吐出流量を通常時の約１
０倍に増加し、充填層２内を空気によって攪乱すると、
充填層２の２Ａ、２Ｂ部に捕捉されていたＳＳと脱窒素
菌、硝化菌、ＢＯＤ資化菌の増殖によるＳＳがろ材から
剥がれる。また、ろ材相互の空隙に捕捉されていたＳＳ
も激しい空気の運動に伴う激しい気液混相流によって追
い出される。As can be seen from the description of the cleaning shown in FIG. 2, the cleaning of the denitrification filter bed 26 and the nitrification filter bed 27 in the prior art requires a complicated cleaning operation and uses a large amount of treated water. There was a drawback that it had to be cleaned. In contrast, according to the present invention, structurally only one filter bed needs to be washed. That is, 1 while supplying raw water
About 0 to 30 minutes The air discharge flow rate of the air diffuser 4 is about 1
When the inside of the packed bed 2 is disturbed by air,
The SS trapped in the portions 2A and 2B of the packed bed 2 and the SS caused by the growth of the denitrifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and BOD-assimilating bacteria are peeled off from the filter medium. In addition, the SS trapped in the voids between the filter media
Is driven out by the violent gas-liquid multiphase flow accompanying the vigorous movement of air.
【００２３】洗浄するに当たって、処理槽１の最上部の
硝化液循環用管１５に配備された循環弁１１を閉じ、処
理水流出管１６に配備された処理水流出弁２０も閉に
し、洗浄排水弁２４を開いて置く。すると、洗浄排水は
ドラフトチューブ７から溢流し、溢流口９を経て洗浄排
水管２１へと流出する。洗浄排水流出管２１から系外に
流出した洗浄排水は、沈殿槽２２などの固液分離工程に
おいて洗浄排水のＳＳが固液分離される。分離ＳＳは排
出手段２３から系外に排出され、また分離水は処理水と
して放流することができる。In cleaning, the circulation valve 11 provided in the uppermost nitrification solution circulation pipe 15 of the treatment tank 1 is closed, and the treated water outflow valve 20 provided in the treated water outflow pipe 16 is also closed to wash and drain the washing water. Open valve 24. Then, the cleaning drainage overflows from the draft tube 7 and flows out to the cleaning drainage pipe 21 through the overflow port 9. In the cleaning wastewater flowing out of the cleaning wastewater outflow pipe 21, the SS of the cleaning wastewater is subjected to solid-liquid separation in a solid-liquid separation process such as the settling tank 22. The separated SS is discharged from the system by the discharge means 23, and the separated water can be discharged as treated water.
【００２４】なお、充填層２を空洗中は、循環硝化液管
路１５の循環弁１１は閉じて置く方がよい、そうでない
と高ＳＳ水が管路１５および１４を通って充填層２内に
戻ってしまい、洗浄終了時間が大幅に遅くなってしまう
からである。上記したように、本発明の処理装置を使用
した原水処理方法では、原水を止めることなく、また処
理水を逆洗用水として使用することもなく、空気だけで
簡単にろ床を洗浄できる。While the packed bed 2 is being washed with air, the circulation valve 11 of the circulating nitrification liquid conduit 15 should be closed, otherwise high SS water will pass through the conduits 15 and 14 and be packed. This is because the cleaning ends inside and the cleaning end time is significantly delayed. As described above, in the raw water treatment method using the treatment apparatus of the present invention, the filter bed can be easily washed with air without stopping the raw water and without using the treated water as backwash water.
【００２５】[0025]
【実施例】表１に示した水質の団地下水を対象にして、
本発明の処理装置を用いて処理し、本発明の効果を実証
した。 表１ （下水の水質） 水温 ： １６〜１８℃ ｐＨ ： ７．３〜７．４ ＳＳ ： ８２〜１６３ｍｇ／リットル ＢＯＤ ： １４０〜２１０ｍｇ／リットル 全窒素 ： ３３〜３９ ｍｇ／リットル[Example] For the group groundwater of the water quality shown in Table 1,
Processing was performed using the processing apparatus of the present invention, and the effect of the present invention was demonstrated. Table 1 (Water quality of sewage) Water temperature: 16 to 18 ° C pH: 7.3 to 7.4 SS: 82 to 163 mg / liter BOD: 140 to 210 mg / liter Total nitrogen: 33 to 39 mg / liter
【００２６】処理条件を表２に示す。 表２ （処理条件） 処理装置寸法 ： 直径 ０．５ｍφ（丸型カラム） 高さ ４．０ｍ 硝化ろ床高さ １．６ｍ 脱窒素ろ床高さ １．５ｍ 気泡捕集室高さ ０．９ｍ ドラフトチューブ 直径 ０．１ｍφ （エアリフト用） 高さ ０．５ｍ 下水流量 ： ２．０ｍ3 ／日 空気供給量 ： ８ Ｎｍ3 ／日（脱窒素ろ床の下から曝気） 硝化液循環量 ： ４ ｍ3 ／日 充填層２に充填するろ材はろ材の粒径が１０×２５×２
５ｍｍの角状ポリウレタンフォームの粒状片で、その連
続気泡の孔径は２〜２．５ｍｍである。Table 2 shows the processing conditions. Table 2 (Treatment conditions) Dimension of treatment equipment: Diameter 0.5 mφ (Round column) Height 4.0 m Nitrification filter bed height 1.6 m Denitrification filter bed height 1.5 m Bubble trapping chamber height 0.9 m Draft tube Diameter 0.1 mφ (for air lift) Height 0.5 m Sewage flow rate: 2.0 m 3 / day Air supply rate: 8 Nm 3 / day (aeration from under denitrification filter bed) Nitrification solution circulation rate: 4 m 3 / day The filter medium packed in the packed bed 2 has a particle size of 10 × 25 × 2
It is a granular piece of 5 mm square polyurethane foam, and the pore diameter of its open cells is 2 to 2.5 mm.
【００２７】表２の処理条件で７ヶ月間の連続処理を行
った。微生物のろ材への馴致が充分に行われた２ヶ月目
から７ヶ月後まで、土日を除く毎日１回、２４時間コン
ポジットサンプルを採取し、水質分析を行った。その結
果を表３に示す。 表３ （処理水水質） 水温 ： １３〜１７．３℃ ｐＨ ： ６．８〜７．０ ＳＳ ： ２．１〜３．８ｍｇ／リットル ＢＯＤ ： ３〜６ ｍｇ／リットル 全窒素 ： ８．２〜９．１ｍｇ／リットル 表３に示すように、本発明の装置によって１槽で高度の
脱窒素効果が得られ、ＳＳおよびＢＯＤも充分に除去さ
れた清澄処理水が得られることがわかる。Under the treatment conditions shown in Table 2, continuous treatment was carried out for 7 months. From the 2nd month to the 7th month after the microorganisms were sufficiently adapted to the filter medium, a 24-hour composite sample was collected once every day except Saturday and Sunday, and water quality analysis was performed. The results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 (Water quality of treated water) Water temperature: 13 to 17.3 ° C pH: 6.8 to 7.0 SS: 2.1 to 3.8 mg / liter BOD: 3 to 6 mg / liter Total nitrogen: 8.2 9.1 mg / liter As shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the apparatus of the present invention can obtain a clarified water having a high denitrification effect in one tank and having SS and BOD sufficiently removed.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明の装置によって有機性汚水を処理
することにより、 １．１槽で高度の硝化脱窒素を行える。 ２．ろ床の洗浄も１床だけでよく、洗浄排水の発生量も
少ない。 ３．硝化液を循環するための循環ポンプが不要であり、
動力費も節約できる。 ４．ろ床の洗浄に処理水を使用する必要がないので、処
理水生産効率が高い。 ５．硝化脱窒素反応速度が大きく、かつ１槽で行えるの
で、装置が著しくコンパクトである。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By treating organic wastewater with the apparatus of the present invention, a high degree of nitrification denitrification can be performed in 1.1 tank. 2. Only one filter bed needs to be washed, and the amount of cleaning wastewater generated is small. 3. There is no need for a circulation pump to circulate the nitrification solution,
Power costs can also be saved. 4. Since it is not necessary to use the treated water for cleaning the filter bed, the treated water production efficiency is high. 5. Since the reaction rate of nitrification and denitrification is high and the reaction can be performed in one tank, the apparatus is extremely compact.
【図１】本発明の上向流式生物学的硝化脱窒素処理装置
の１例を示す模式図。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an upflow biological nitrification / denitrification treatment apparatus of the present invention.
【図２】従来の２槽式の生物学的硝化脱窒素処理装置の
典型例を示す模式図。FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a typical example of a conventional two-tank type biological nitrification denitrification treatment apparatus.
１ 処理槽 ２４ 洗浄排
水弁 ２ 充填層 ２５ 原水供
給管 ２Ａ 硝化ろ床 ２６ 脱窒素
ろ床 ２Ｂ 脱窒素ろ床 ２７ 硝化ろ
床 ３ 散気管（プロセスエア供給管） ２８ 散気管 ４ 散気管（空洗エアー供給管） ２９ 脱窒素
液還流管 ５ 送風機 ３０ 硝化液
還流管 ６ 気泡捕集用フード ３１ 処理水
槽 ７ エアリフト・ドラフトチューブ ３２ 硝化液
還流管 ８ バッフル ３３ 空洗管 ９ 溢流口 ３４ 空洗管 １０ 処理水流出面 ３５ 洗浄
水供給管 １１ 硝化液循環弁 ３６ 処理
水流出管 １２ 原水槽 ３７ 原水
供給弁 １３ 原水供給管 ３８〜４５ 弁 １４ 原水流入管 ４６、４７ ポン
プ １５ 硝化液循環用管 ４８ 洗浄
排水管 １６ 処理水流出管 Ｃ ドラ
フトチューブ内水位 １７ 多孔性部材 １８ 原水流入弁 １９ 原水供給弁 ２０ 処理水流出弁 ２１ 洗浄排水管 ２２ 沈殿槽 ２３ ＳＳ排出管1 Treatment Tank 24 Washing Drain Valve 2 Packed Bed 25 Raw Water Supply Pipe 2A Nitrification Filter Bed 26 Denitrification Filter Bed 2B Denitrification Filter Bed 27 Nitrification Filter Bed 3 Diffuser Pipe (Process Air Supply Pipe) 28 Diffuser Pipe 4 Diffuser Pipe (Air Wash) Air supply pipe) 29 Denitrification liquid reflux pipe 5 Blower 30 Nitrification liquid reflux pipe 6 Bubble collection hood 31 Treated water tank 7 Air lift / draft tube 32 Nitrification liquid reflux pipe 8 Baffle 33 Empty washing pipe 9 Overflow port 34 Empty washing pipe 10 Treated water outflow surface 35 Washing water supply pipe 11 Nitrification liquid circulation valve 36 Treated water outflow pipe 12 Raw water tank 37 Raw water supply valve 13 Raw water supply pipe 38-45 valve 14 Raw water inflow pipe 46, 47 Pump 15 Nitrification liquid circulation pipe 48 Washing Drainage pipe 16 Treated water outflow pipe C Draft tube water level 17 Porous member 18 Raw water inflow valve 19 Raw water supply valve 20 Treated water outflow valve 21 Washing drainage pipe 22 Settling tank 23 SS discharge pipe
Claims (1)
固体の充填層を形成すると共に、該充填層の内部または
下部に酸素含有ガス供給手段を設け、前記充填層の上部
に気泡捕集部を形成させ、該気泡捕集部を槽下部と連通
する循環路を設けてなることを特徴とする上向流式生物
学的処理装置。1. A packed bed of granular solids having a three-dimensional network structure is formed in a treatment tank, an oxygen-containing gas supply means is provided inside or below the packed bed, and air bubbles are collected above the packed bed. An upflow biological treatment apparatus, characterized in that a circulation path is formed to connect the bubble collecting section to the lower part of the tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4098480A JP2565449B2 (en) | 1992-03-26 | 1992-03-26 | Upflow biological treatment equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4098480A JP2565449B2 (en) | 1992-03-26 | 1992-03-26 | Upflow biological treatment equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0623391A true JPH0623391A (en) | 1994-02-01 |
| JP2565449B2 JP2565449B2 (en) | 1996-12-18 |
Family
ID=14220820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4098480A Expired - Fee Related JP2565449B2 (en) | 1992-03-26 | 1992-03-26 | Upflow biological treatment equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2565449B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010103887A (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-24 | 김홍렬 | Waste water processing device used as the device for eliminating nitrogen and organic materials |
| US6372817B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2002-04-16 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | Friction material composition, production of the same and friction material |
| JP2002292396A (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-08 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Biological denitrification apparatus |
| KR20040042081A (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-05-20 | 주식회사한국연수 | Sewage and wastewater treatment process and facilities |
| CN108203161A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-06-26 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of aquaculture water process and recycling device and processing method |
| CN110028208A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-19 | 上海海德隆流体设备制造有限公司 | A kind of the membrane bioreactor sewage disposal device and system of active denitrification denitrogenation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62168592A (en) * | 1986-01-17 | 1987-07-24 | Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd | Waste water treatment unit |
| JPS63137798A (en) * | 1986-11-27 | 1988-06-09 | Takuma Co Ltd | Fluidized bed type sewage treatment apparatus |
| JPH03217296A (en) * | 1990-01-23 | 1991-09-25 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Biological denitrifying device |
-
1992
- 1992-03-26 JP JP4098480A patent/JP2565449B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62168592A (en) * | 1986-01-17 | 1987-07-24 | Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd | Waste water treatment unit |
| JPS63137798A (en) * | 1986-11-27 | 1988-06-09 | Takuma Co Ltd | Fluidized bed type sewage treatment apparatus |
| JPH03217296A (en) * | 1990-01-23 | 1991-09-25 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Biological denitrifying device |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6372817B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2002-04-16 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | Friction material composition, production of the same and friction material |
| KR20010103887A (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-24 | 김홍렬 | Waste water processing device used as the device for eliminating nitrogen and organic materials |
| JP2002292396A (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-08 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Biological denitrification apparatus |
| KR20040042081A (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-05-20 | 주식회사한국연수 | Sewage and wastewater treatment process and facilities |
| CN108203161A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-06-26 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of aquaculture water process and recycling device and processing method |
| CN108203161B (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2020-09-04 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of aquaculture water treatment and recycling device and treatment method |
| CN110028208A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-19 | 上海海德隆流体设备制造有限公司 | A kind of the membrane bioreactor sewage disposal device and system of active denitrification denitrogenation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2565449B2 (en) | 1996-12-18 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |