JPH06284598A - Charger/discharger for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a charging generator for a vehicle that does not require an auxiliary rectifier circuit, has a small leakage current, and has a short rise time. [Configuration] A generator driven by an engine, a rectifier circuit that rectifies an output voltage of the generator and supplies the battery to a battery, and a regulator unit that controls a current to an exciting coil of the generator. A charging and power generation apparatus for a vehicle, comprising a power transistor connected in series to an exciting coil, and configured to turn on and off the power transistor through a means for detecting an output voltage by comparing it with a reference value. A power supply circuit that generates a voltage,
A voltage detection circuit that detects the rising voltage of the generator and compares it with the reference voltage, and an output transistor that is controlled by the output of this voltage detection circuit and that controls the conduction of the power transistor are provided to detect the rising of the generator. The power transistor is configured to be turned on.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicular charging power generator for charging a battery that is mounted in a vehicle such as an automobile and supplies electric power to an engine and electrical equipment, and particularly when the generator is stopped. The present invention relates to a vehicular charging power generator which has a small leakage current and is improved so as to shorten the rise time of the generator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional vehicular charging generator. In FIG. 4, 1 is a generator, which is composed of a generator coil 2 and an exciting coil 3,
The output voltage generated in the generator coil 2 is rectified via a rectifier circuit 4 composed of, for example, six diodes D ₁ , and supplied to the battery 5. A resistor R ₁ is connected in series to the exciting coil 3. 6
Is an auxiliary rectifier circuit, which is composed of, for example, three diodes D ₂ , and is connected between the power generation coil 2 and the excitation coil 3.

Next, Q ₁ is a power transistor, which is connected in series with the exciting coil 3 together with the trigger transistor Q ₂ and is turned on and off by the control transistor Q ₃ .
It is configured so that it can be flip-flopped. A Zener diode ZD ₁ and a diode D ₃ are connected to the base of the control transistor Q ₃ so that the output voltage of the generator 1 is applied via the resistor R ₂ . D ₄ and D ₅ are diodes, R ₃ to R ₈ are resistors, and C ₁ and C ₂ are capacitors. The regulator unit 7 is configured as described above.

E, F, L, and R are terminals of the regulator section 7, respectively, for connection with the rectifying circuit 4, the exciting coil 3, and the auxiliary rectifying circuit 6. In addition, B and G are terminals of the vehicle charging / generating device 8 for connecting to the battery 5.

With the above structure, when the generator 1 is driven via the engine, an AC voltage is generated in the generator coil 2 due to the magnetic field generated by the current I ₁ flowing in the exciting coil 3, which is rectified by the rectifier circuit 4. , The battery 5 can be charged. On the other hand, the AC voltage generated in the generator coil 2 is rectified through the auxiliary rectifier circuit 6 and is supplied to the exciting coil 3 without the resistor R ₁ interposed. As a result, the exciting current increases, resulting in an output voltage of the generator 1. Also increases and rises to reach a steady operation state.

The output voltage of the generator 1 is controlled by the regulator unit 7 so as to maintain a predetermined voltage. That is, the output voltage of the generator 1 is set to the resistances R ₂ and R ₃
The voltage is divided by and is supplied to the control transistor Q ₃ via the diode D ₃ and the Zener diode ZD ₁ . Therefore when the divided output voltage exceeds the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD _1, the base current flows result of the control transistor Q _3, the control transistor Q ₃ is turned ON, current from the auxiliary rectifier circuit 6 is the resistance R ₄ , control transistor Q ₃ , flows to terminal E. Therefore, the trigger transistor Q ₂ and the power transistor Q ₁ are turned off, the current I ₁ flowing through the exciting coil 3 disappears, and the output voltage of the magneto coil 2 decreases.

On the other hand, the voltage of the battery 5 is also the resistance R₂, R₃To
Therefore, the voltage is divided and the diode D₃Through Zener Dye
Aether ZD₁Is supplied to the battery 5 voltage
The partial voltage of the Zener diode ZD₁Less than the Zener voltage of
Then, the control transistor Q₃Base current disappears
Control transistor Q₃Turns off. Obey
Resistance R₁, R_Four, R₆, R₇Current flows through the circuit
Riga transistor Q ₂ON, power transition
Star Q₁Turns on and current flows through the exciting coil 3.
As a result, an AC voltage is generated in the generator coil 2, and as described above,
Then, the battery 5 is charged.

[0008]

In the above-described conventional vehicle charging power generator, the trigger transistor Q ₂ and the power transistor Q ₁ are in the ON state even when the generator 1 is in the stopped state as shown in FIG. Yes, the leakage current from the battery 5 is I = I ₁ + I ₂ + I ₃ . In this case, in order to prevent discharge of the battery 5, it is necessary to suppress the value of the leakage current I to several mA or less. Therefore, it is usual to use resistors R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₄ having large values.

On the other hand, when the value of the resistance R ₁ is large, the value of I ₁ as the initial exciting current flowing through the exciting coil 3 becomes small, so that the amount of magnetic flux when the generator 1 rises from the stopped state is insufficient. However, there is a problem that it takes a long time to reach a steady state. Also, a large value resistor R is connected in series with the exciting coil 3.
_{Since 1} is connected, it is necessary to provide the auxiliary rectifier circuit 6 as a self-exciting means when the generator 1 operates, which causes a problem that the structure becomes complicated.

It has been attempted to provide a permanent magnet on the rotor in order to compensate for the shortage of the amount of magnetic flux generated in the exciting coil 3 during the initial operation of the generator 1. However, the rotor constituting the generator 1 generally has a rotational speed of 1
20,000 to 15,000 r. p. m. Since it is used up to a high-speed rotation area such as, the action of centrifugal force cannot be ignored. For this reason, there are problems that the means for fixing the permanent magnet to the rotor is complicated, and the number of parts to be processed increases and the manufacturing cost rises.

Further, in the rotor constituting the generator 1, the exciting coil 3 is wound, and the rotor is present in the space surrounded by the stator in which the generator coil 2 is wound. Therefore, the temperature of the rotor is usually increased by the Joule heat caused by the current flowing through the exciting coil 3 and the generator coil 2. On the other hand, when a magnet having a large temperature coefficient such as a ferrite magnet is used as the permanent magnet, the amount of magnetic flux generated in the high temperature region is reduced, and as a result, a predetermined amount of magnetic flux cannot be obtained. Since the output voltage of the generator 1 decreases, there is also a problem that the number of rotations to reach a steady state increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems existing in the prior art and to provide a vehicular charging / generating device which does not require an auxiliary rectifier circuit, has a small leak current and a short rise time. To do.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, in the first aspect of the invention, a generator driven by an engine and a rectifier circuit that rectifies the output voltage of the generator and supplies the rectified output voltage to a battery. And a regulator unit for controlling a current to the exciting coil of the generator, the regulator unit includes a power transistor connected in series to the exciting coil, and compares the output voltage with a reference value. The power transistor is turned on through a means for detecting.
In a vehicle charging power generator configured to be turned off and on, a power supply circuit that generates a reference voltage, a voltage detection circuit that detects a rising voltage of the generator and compares it with a reference voltage, and a voltage detection circuit of the voltage detection circuit. An output transistor that is controlled by an output and that controls conduction of the power transistor is provided, and the power transistor is configured to be turned on by detecting the rising of the generator. .

Next, in the second aspect of the invention, a generator driven by the engine, a rectifying circuit for rectifying the output voltage of the generator and supplying it to the battery, and a current to the exciting coil of the generator are controlled. And a regulator unit, which includes a power transistor connected in series to the exciting coil, and turns on and off the power transistor via a means for detecting the output voltage by comparing it with a reference value. In the vehicle charging power generator configured as described above, a frequency detection circuit that detects that the frequency of the rising voltage of the generator has reached a predetermined frequency, and the power controlled by the output of this frequency detection circuit An output transistor for controlling conduction of the transistor is provided, and the power transistor is turned on by detecting the rising of the generator. Configured to put the state adopted a technical means of.

[0015]

With the above structure, when the generator is stopped, the power transistor, which is a constituent member of the regulator section, can be turned off, so that the value of the leakage current is greatly reduced and the discharge from the battery is prevented. Can be prevented. On the other hand, when the generator is activated, the power transistor is immediately turned on by detecting the value or frequency of the generated voltage in the initial operation, and the generated voltage is directly applied to the exciting coil. The exciting current can be passed to shorten the rise time of the generator voltage.

[0016]

1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals as in FIG. Figure 1
In the figure, 9 is a control circuit, which is an output transistor Q.
₄ , a power supply circuit 10 and a detection circuit 11 are provided. That is, the detection circuit 11 is configured to be operated by the power supply circuit 10 that is connected to the output side of the generator 1 and that generates the reference voltage.

[0017] The signals from the P terminal of the generator coil 2 is input to the detection circuit 11 through the terminal H, and supplies the output of the detection circuit 11 to the base of the output transistor Q _4, the output transistor Q ₄ The collector side is the terminal L,
The emitter side is connected to the resistor R ₄ . The auxiliary rectifier circuit 6 and the resistor R ₁ in FIG. 4 are omitted in this embodiment, but the other configurations are substantially the same as those in FIG.

Next, FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram for explaining the configuration of the control circuit 9 in FIG. 1, and the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. In FIG. 2, the power supply circuit 10 is composed of a Zener diode ZD ₂ and a resistor R _9, and supplies a reference voltage to a voltage detection circuit described later.

The detection circuit 11 is composed of a voltage detection circuit and an amplification section. First, in the voltage detection circuit, the power supply circuit 1
A comparator 12 that operates according to a reference voltage supplied from 0 is provided, and a resistor R is connected to the + terminal of the comparator 12.
Supply reference voltage via ₁₀ . In addition, the comparator 12
The negative terminal is supplied with the voltage of the P terminal of the magneto coil 2 shown in FIG. 1 via the capacitor C ₃ and the resistor R ₁₁ . R ₁₂ to R ₁₅ are resistors, C ₄ and C ₅ are capacitors, and ZD ₃ is a Zener diode.

Next, the amplifying section is composed of an inverting circuit 13 and an amplifying transistor Q _5, and the output of the comparator 12 which constitutes the voltage detecting circuit is input to the inverting circuit 13, and the output thereof is diode D ₉ and resistor R 5. ₂₈ and R ₁₆ so that they can be supplied to the base of the amplifying transistor Q ₅ . The collector side of the amplifying transistor Q ₅ is connected to the base of the output transistor Q ₄ forming the output section via the resistor R ₁₇ . R ₂₉ is a resistance _, C ₁₀
Is an electrolytic capacitor _and D ₈ is a diode.

The operation of the above arrangement will be described below. First, in FIG. 1, when the generator 1 is stopped, since no voltage is induced in the generator coil 1, there is no voltage input to the detection circuit 11, and therefore the output transistor Q ₄ is in the OFF state. The trigger transistor Q ₂ and the power transistor Q ₁ are also in the OFF state.

The sum of the leakage currents from this end the battery 5, the current I ₂ flowing in the power supply circuit 10, a current I ₃ flowing through the resistor R _2, R ₃ of the regulator unit 7, i.e. I = I
₂ + I ₃ . Therefore, by setting the values of the resistors R ₂ , R ₃ and the resistors R ₉ , R ₁₀ , R ₁₃ shown in FIG. 2 to be large, the leakage current I can be greatly reduced, and the discharge of the battery 5 can be prevented. The life can be extended.

Next, when the generator 1 starts to operate, a slight voltage is generated in the generator coil 2 due to the residual magnetic flux held by the rotor (not shown), and the detection circuit 11 from the P terminal.
Applied to. In FIG. 2, when the reference voltage supplied from the power supply circuit 10 to the comparator 12 is set to 0.5 V, for example, an AC voltage signal exceeding the reference voltage of 0.5 V is detected by the comparator 12 and amplified. Output to the department.

In the amplifier section, the comparator 12
The output signal of the
D₉, Resistance R₂₈And electrolytic capacitor C_TenSmoothed to DC
And amplification transistor Q_FiveBy turning on
Output transistor Q_FourIs turned on. This result diagram
The voltage of the battery 5 shown in FIG. ₂
And power transistor Q₁Applied to these
Set to N state. Therefore, the voltage generated by the generator coil 2 is
Exciting current of a sufficiently large value applied directly to the coil 3
Flows, and after a short rise time, steady operation is reached.
You can reach it.

FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram showing a detection circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention. The same parts are designated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. In FIG. 3, the voltage waveform shaping circuit is
Although it has the same configuration as the voltage detection circuit in FIG. 2, this circuit serves to shape the voltage waveform for removing the noise of the AC voltage signal from the P terminal.

In FIG. 3, the frequency detecting section is composed of a comparator 14 and an electrolytic capacitor C _6, etc., and the frequency component of the AC voltage is inputted from the comparator 12 of the voltage waveform shaping circuit and converted into a voltage signal. It is provided so as to output to the inverting circuit 13 which constitutes the amplifier. That is, the reference voltage of the power supply circuit 10 is supplied to the + terminal of the comparator 14 via the resistor R ₁₈ .

On the other hand, at the negative terminal of the comparator 14, the signal of the frequency component of the AC voltage from the comparator 12 forming the voltage waveform shaping circuit is connected to the resistor R ₁₉ , the capacitor C ₇ , and
It is converted into a voltage signal and supplied via the diode D _{6, the} resistor R ₂₀ , the capacitor C ₆ , and the resistor R ₂₁ . In addition, a thermistor Th having a negative temperature coefficient is interposed in front of the electrolytic capacitor C ₆ to form a discharge circuit. R ₂₂ to R ₂₇ are resistors, C ₈ and C ₉ are capacitors, and D ₇ is a diode.

With the above structure, the operation will be described below. First, in FIG. 1, the mode in which the generator 1 is in the stopped state is similar to that in the above-described embodiment, and the output transistor Q ₄ is in the OFF state, so that the leakage current from the battery 5 can be made small.

Next, when the generator 1 starts to operate, a voltage signal is input to the detection circuit 11 as in the above embodiment. That is, in FIG. 3, from the P terminal to the comparator 1
The AC voltage signal is input to 2, and the waveform-shaped frequency component is input to the frequency detection unit. In this case, since the number of rotations of the rotor is small in the initial operation of the generator 1,
The frequency of the AC voltage signal input to the frequency detector is also small. Therefore, this AC voltage signal once charges the voltage capacitor C ₆ , but is discharged by the discharge circuit including the thermistor Th, and no charge is accumulated in the electrolytic capacitor C ₆ . That is, the terminal voltage of the electrolytic capacitor C ₆ does not rise. The terminal voltage of the electrolytic capacitor C ₆ rises as the frequency increases.

On the other hand, since the comparator 14 is supplied with the reference voltage from the power supply circuit 10, the electrolytic capacitor C ₆
If the terminal voltage of exceeds the reference voltage, the comparator 1
It is possible to output a signal from 4 to the inverting circuit 13 that constitutes the amplifying unit. Therefore, if the electrolytic capacitor C ₆ is configured to be charged to a desired value when the frequency of the AC voltage signal input to the frequency detecting unit reaches a predetermined frequency, the signal is output from the comparator 14. be able to.

The operation after the signal is output from the comparator 14 is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, and the output from the amplifier turns on the output transistor Q ₄ shown in FIG. Therefore, the voltage generated by the generator coil 2 is applied to the exciting coil 3 to shift to the steady operation state in which the battery 5 is charged.

In the above embodiment, the example in which the signal to the detection circuit 11 is supplied from the P terminal of the power generating coil 2 has been described. However, even if the signal is supplied from the N terminal of the power generating coil, the operation is the same. Is. Further, although it is preferable to provide a voltage waveform shaping circuit in the preceding stage of the frequency detection unit, it may be omitted and the signal from the power generation coil 2 may be directly supplied to the frequency detection unit.

[0033]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention has the structure and operation as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) When the generator is stopped,
The power transistor installed in the exciting coil is OF
The F state can be achieved, and the leakage current from the battery can be significantly reduced.

(2) Since the resistor connected in series with the exciting coil for reducing the leakage current and the auxiliary rectifying circuit for exciting the exciting coil are unnecessary, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(3) Even if the rotor is not provided with an initial power generation means such as a permanent magnet, self-excitation can be performed and the rise time can be shortened. (4) Since the signal to the detection circuit has only an AC component, it has high noise resistance, no malfunction, and high reliability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of a control circuit in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram showing a detection circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional vehicle charging / generating device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Generator 3 Excitation Coil 7 Regulator 11 Detection Circuit

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A generator driven by an engine,
A rectifier circuit that rectifies the output voltage of the generator and supplies it to the battery, and a regulator unit that controls the current to the exciting coil of the generator are connected in series to the exciting coil. In a vehicle charging and power generation device comprising a power transistor and configured to turn on and off the power transistor via a means for comparing the output voltage with a reference value and detecting the same, a power supply circuit for generating a reference voltage A voltage detection circuit that detects the rising voltage of the generator and compares it with a reference voltage; and an output transistor that is controlled by the output of the voltage detection circuit and that controls the conduction of the power transistor. A vehicle charging and power generation device characterized in that the power transistor is configured to be turned on upon detection of the rise. 2. A generator driven by an engine,
A rectifier circuit that rectifies the output voltage of the generator and supplies it to the battery, and a regulator unit that controls the current to the exciting coil of the generator are connected in series to the exciting coil. A vehicle charging and power generating apparatus comprising a power transistor and configured to turn on and off the power transistor through a means for comparing the output voltage with a reference value and detecting the output voltage. A frequency detection circuit that detects that the frequency has reached a predetermined frequency and an output transistor that is controlled by the output of the frequency detection circuit and that controls the conduction of the power transistor are provided, and the rise of the generator is detected. Then, the vehicle charging and power generation device is characterized in that the power transistor is placed in an ON state.