JPH0630248B2 - Nickel electrode for alkaline batteries - Google Patents

Nickel electrode for alkaline batteries

Info

Publication number
JPH0630248B2
JPH0630248B2 JP61101846A JP10184686A JPH0630248B2 JP H0630248 B2 JPH0630248 B2 JP H0630248B2 JP 61101846 A JP61101846 A JP 61101846A JP 10184686 A JP10184686 A JP 10184686A JP H0630248 B2 JPH0630248 B2 JP H0630248B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
nickel
electrode
active material
fiber
nickel electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP61101846A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS62256366A (en
Inventor
政彦 押谷
宏 油布
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yuasa Corp
Original Assignee
Yuasa Battery Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yuasa Battery Corp filed Critical Yuasa Battery Corp
Priority to JP61101846A priority Critical patent/JPH0630248B2/en
Publication of JPS62256366A publication Critical patent/JPS62256366A/en
Publication of JPH0630248B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0630248B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H01M4/32Nickel oxide or hydroxide electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/80Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、アルカリ電池用ニッケル極に関するものであ
る。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a nickel electrode for an alkaline battery.

従来技術とその問題点 アルカリ電池に用いられるニッケル極として、通常ニッ
ケル粉末を穿孔鋼板等に焼結した基板にニッケル塩を含
浸させてアルカリ液で中和させて活物質とするものがあ
る。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventional Problems and Problems There are nickel electrodes used in alkaline batteries, in which a substrate obtained by normally sintering nickel powder on a perforated steel plate or the like is impregnated with a nickel salt and neutralized with an alkaline solution to obtain an active material.

しかしこのものは、実用上基板の多孔度は80%が限界
であり、穿孔鋼板等の芯金を必要とすることから、活物
質の充填密度が小さくなる。さらに細孔が10μm以下
と小さいために、活物質の充填方法は溶液含浸法に限定
されるので、煩雑な工程を数サイクルも繰返すためにコ
ストが高くなる等の欠点がある。
However, in this product, the porosity of the substrate is practically limited to 80%, and a core metal such as a perforated steel plate is required, so that the packing density of the active material becomes small. Furthermore, since the pores are as small as 10 μm or less, the method of filling the active material is limited to the solution impregnation method, and there are drawbacks such that the complicated steps are repeated for several cycles, resulting in high cost.

これらの欠点を改良する試みとして、例えば芯金を持た
ない耐アルカリ性金属繊維焼結体等に水酸化ニッケル活
物質粉末をスラリー状として充填するペースト式極板が
ある。しかしこの極板は焼結式極板に比べ著しく活物質
利用率が悪く、実用上使用し得なかった。
As an attempt to improve these drawbacks, for example, there is a paste-type electrode plate in which a nickel hydroxide active material powder is filled in a slurry form in an alkali-resistant metal fiber sintered body having no core metal. However, this electrode plate was remarkably inferior in utilization rate of the active material to the sintered electrode plate and could not be practically used.

活物質の利用率を向上させる有効な手段として水酸化コ
バルト粉末の添加が行なわれている。しかし添加する水
酸化コバルトのすべてが有効とは限らずその結晶構造に
よって大きく左右される。
Cobalt hydroxide powder is added as an effective means for improving the utilization rate of the active material. However, not all of the added cobalt hydroxide is effective, and it depends largely on its crystal structure.

水酸化コバルトには二価と三価が存在する。しかし三価
のコバルトは添加しても活物質利用率を向上させること
はできない。利用率を向上させるにはアルカリ電解液中
で溶解し、二価のblue complex ion
(HCoO )を生成し、それらが貴な電位に於いて
電導性を有するCoOOH化合物に変化し、活物質表面
をコーティングしなければならない。このためには長時
間アルカリ電解液中に放置するか、あるいは溶解性を上
げるために、高温、高濃度アルカリ電解液中に放置する
等の対策が講じられている。しかしこれらは、電池製造
工程を煩雑にし、かつ極板寿命や、酸素吸収に対して悪
影響をもたらす欠点がある。
There are divalent and trivalent cobalt hydroxides. However, even if trivalent cobalt is added, the utilization rate of the active material cannot be improved. To improve the utilization rate, it dissolves in an alkaline electrolyte and divalent blue complexion is added.
(HCoO 2 ) must be generated, and at the noble potential, they must be converted into a conductive CoOOH compound, and the active material surface must be coated. For this purpose, measures are taken such as leaving it in the alkaline electrolyte for a long time, or leaving it in a high-concentration alkaline electrolyte at high temperature in order to improve the solubility. However, these have the drawbacks of complicating the battery manufacturing process and adversely affecting the life of the electrode plate and oxygen absorption.

発明の目的 本発明は活物質利用率の向上した、高性能で高容量かつ
生産性の高いアルカリ電池用ニッケル極を提供すること
を目的とするものである。
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a nickel electrode for an alkaline battery, which has a high utilization rate of an active material, a high performance, a high capacity and a high productivity.

発明の構成 本発明は上記目的を達成するべく、耐アルカリ性多孔体
に、水酸化ニッケル粉末を主体とし、CoO,β−Co
(OH),α−Co(OH)粉末の内の一種以上を
添加したスラリーを充填してなるアルカリ電池用ニッケ
ル極において、多孔体細孔径が40〜100μmであ
り、水酸化ニッケルの粒子径が多孔体細孔径の1/3以
下であり、添加するCoO,β−Co(OH),α−
Co(OH)の粒子径が水酸化ニッケルの1/2以下
であることを特徴とするアルカリ電池用ニッケル極であ
る。
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention mainly comprises nickel hydroxide powder in an alkali resistant porous body, and CoO, β-Co
In a nickel electrode for an alkaline battery, which is filled with a slurry to which one or more kinds of (OH) 2 and α-Co (OH) 2 powders are added, a porous body having a pore diameter of 40 to 100 μm and particles of nickel hydroxide. The diameter is 1/3 or less of the pore diameter of the porous body, and the added CoO, β-Co (OH) 2 , α-
The nickel electrode for an alkaline battery is characterized in that the particle size of Co (OH) 2 is 1/2 or less of that of nickel hydroxide.

また、耐アルカリ性多孔体が、ニッケル繊維焼結体、ニ
ッケルメッキ鉄繊維焼結体、ニッケルメッキグラファイ
ト繊維体である、アルカリ電池用ニッケル極において、
基板の細孔径と水酸化ニッケル粒子径及び添加コバルト
化合物粒子径を規制することによって、活物質利用率を
向上させ、高性能で高容量な正極板を得るものである。
In addition, the alkali-resistant porous body is a nickel fiber sintered body, a nickel-plated iron fiber sintered body, a nickel-plated graphite fiber body, in the nickel electrode for alkaline batteries,
By regulating the pore size of the substrate, the particle size of nickel hydroxide and the particle size of the added cobalt compound, the utilization factor of the active material is improved, and a high-performance and high-capacity positive electrode plate is obtained.

実施例 以下に本発明の実施例について詳述する。Examples Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below.

硝酸ニッケル水溶液をPH制御された弱塩基性の水溶液
中に滴下させることによって平均粒子径15μmの水酸
化ニッケルを調製する。
Nickel hydroxide having an average particle diameter of 15 μm is prepared by dropping an aqueous solution of nickel nitrate into a pH-controlled weakly basic aqueous solution.

一方びびり振動によって、切削した各種繊維径のニッケ
ル繊維を用いて、還元性雰囲気で950〜1150℃、
5〜20分間焼結することによりニッケル繊維焼結基板
を得る。繊維径あるいは繊維量等によって、基板の平均
細孔径が10,40,70,100,150μmに調節
できる。
On the other hand, by using nickel fibers having various fiber diameters cut by chatter vibration, 950 to 1150 ° C. in a reducing atmosphere,
A nickel fiber sintered substrate is obtained by sintering for 5 to 20 minutes. The average pore diameter of the substrate can be adjusted to 10, 40, 70, 100, 150 μm by the fiber diameter or the fiber amount.

次に金属コバルトを硝酸あるいは硫酸水溶液により溶解
した後、弱塩基性領域で中和させ析出させることによっ
て、α−Co(OH)が得られる。このα−Co(O
H)の平均粒子径を約5μm程度に調製する。
Next, after dissolving metallic cobalt with nitric acid or an aqueous sulfuric acid solution, neutralizing and precipitating it in a weakly basic region to obtain α-Co (OH) 2 . This α-Co (O
H) 2 is prepared to have an average particle size of about 5 μm.

上記の水酸化ニッケル粉末90wt%とα−Co(O
H)10wt%を混合し、カルボキシメチルセルロー
スを増粘剤とする水溶液を加えてスラリー状とする。
90 wt% of the above nickel hydroxide powder and α-Co (O
H) 2 10 wt% is mixed and an aqueous solution containing carboxymethyl cellulose as a thickener is added to form a slurry.

このスラリーを多孔度95%、厚さ1.3mm、平均細孔
径が10,40,70,100,150μmの基板に充
填し、乾燥、厚み調節により、厚み0.7mmのニッケル
極とした。これらのニッケル極の活物質利用率を調べた
結果を第1表に示した。
This slurry was filled into a substrate having a porosity of 95%, a thickness of 1.3 mm, and an average pore diameter of 10, 40, 70, 100, 150 μm, and dried to adjust the thickness to obtain a nickel electrode having a thickness of 0.7 mm. Table 1 shows the results of examining the utilization rates of the active materials of these nickel electrodes.

なお、活物質利用率とは、ニッケル極の実電気容量を理
論電気容量で割った値に100を掛けた値をいう。ここ
で、ニッケル極の実電気容量は、カドミウム極を対極と
して水酸化カリウム水溶液を電解液として放電させた、
その放電電気容量を測定して求める。また、ニッケル極
の理論電気容量は、水酸化ニッケル1g当たりの理論電
気容量である289mAhに、充填した水酸化ニッケル
の重量を掛けて求める。
The active material utilization rate means a value obtained by dividing the actual electric capacity of the nickel electrode by the theoretical electric capacity and multiplying by 100. Here, the actual electric capacity of the nickel electrode was obtained by discharging a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with the cadmium electrode as a counter electrode,
The discharge electric capacity is measured and determined. Further, the theoretical electric capacity of the nickel electrode is obtained by multiplying the theoretical electric capacity of 289 mAh per 1 g of nickel hydroxide by the weight of the filled nickel hydroxide.

上記結果より細孔径は、40〜100μmが適切であ
る。
From the above results, it is appropriate that the pore size is 40 to 100 μm.

尚、10μmの細孔径のものは、活物質粒子が繊維内部
に入らずオーバーペーストとなり脱落を生じた。
In the case of the pore size of 10 μm, the active material particles did not enter the inside of the fiber and became an overpaste, which was removed.

次に、細孔径が40μmの基板に水酸化ニッケル粒子径
が細孔径の1/4,1/3,1/2,1である活物質
に、α−Co(OH)の粒子径が水酸化ニッケル粒子
径の1/3,1/2,1の比率であるものを添加して作
製したニッケル極の活物質利用率を第2表に示した。
Next, an active material having a nickel hydroxide particle diameter of 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 1 of the pore diameter on a substrate having a pore diameter of 40 μm and an α-Co (OH) 2 particle diameter of water. Table 2 shows the utilization rate of the active material of the nickel electrode produced by adding the nickel oxide particles having a ratio of 1/3, 1/2, 1 of the particle diameter.

上記結果より水酸化ニッケル粒径が細孔径の1/3以下
であり、水酸化コバルトの粒径が水酸化ニッケルの粒径
の1/2以下であるものが最も優れている。
From the above results, it is most excellent that the particle size of nickel hydroxide is 1/3 or less of the pore size and the particle size of cobalt hydroxide is 1/2 or less of the particle size of nickel hydroxide.

α−Co(OH)に替えてCoOあるいはβ−Co
(OH)の粒径との関係についても調べたところ、第
2表と同様の結果を得た。
CoO or β-Co instead of α-Co (OH) 2
When the relationship with the particle size of (OH) 2 was also investigated, the same results as in Table 2 were obtained.

尚、耐アルカリ性繊維多孔体の実施例としてニッケル繊
維焼結体について述べたが、ニッケルメッキ鉄繊維焼結
体、ニッケルメッキグラファイト繊維体であっても同様
である。
Although the nickel fiber sintered body has been described as an example of the alkali resistant porous fiber body, the same applies to the nickel plated iron fiber sintered body and the nickel plated graphite fiber body.

水酸化ニッケル粒子径が、基板細孔内の1/3以上での
利用率の低下は基板内部への充填が不均一化するためで
あると考えられる。又、繊維細孔径が100μm以上に
なるとCoOOHの電導性コーティング被覆でも高率放
電においては、金属繊維と活物質間距離が長くなりす
ぎ、充分な利用率を得ることは困難である。
It is considered that the decrease in the utilization rate when the diameter of nickel hydroxide particles is 1/3 or more in the pores of the substrate is because the filling inside the substrate becomes non-uniform. Further, if the fiber pore diameter is 100 μm or more, the distance between the metal fiber and the active material becomes too long at high rate discharge even with the CoOOH conductive coating coating, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient utilization rate.

又、繊維細孔径が10μm以下では活物質の充填が困難
となる。
If the fiber pore size is 10 μm or less, it becomes difficult to fill the active material.

添加コバルト化合物粉末の粒子径が水酸化ニッケル粉末
粒子径よりも大きいと少量添加したコバルト化合物粉末
の活物質粒子間への分散度が悪く、均一コーティングし
得ないために活物質利用率が悪くなる。
If the particle size of the added cobalt compound powder is larger than the particle size of nickel hydroxide powder, the degree of dispersion of the cobalt compound powder added in a small amount between the active material particles is poor and the active material utilization rate becomes poor because uniform coating cannot be performed. .

発明の効果 上述した如く、本発明は活物質利用率の向上した、高性
能で高容量かつ生産性の高いアルカリ電池用ニッケル極
を提供することが出来るので、その工業的価値は極めて
大である。
EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, the present invention can provide a nickel electrode for an alkaline battery, which has a high utilization rate of an active material, a high performance, a high capacity, and a high productivity, and therefore its industrial value is extremely large. .

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】耐アルカリ性多孔体に、水酸化ニッケル粉
末を主体とし、これにCoO,β−Co(OH),α
−Co(OH)粉末の内の一種以上を添加したスラリ
ーを充填してなるアルカリ電池用ニッケル極において、
多孔体細孔径が40〜100μmであり、水酸化ニッケ
ルの粒子径が多孔体細孔径の1/3以下であり、添加す
るCoO,β−Co(OH),α−Co(OH)
粒子径が水酸化ニッケルの1/2以下であることを特徴
とするアルカリ電池用ニッケル極。
1. An alkali resistant porous body mainly containing nickel hydroxide powder, on which CoO, β-Co (OH) 2 , α
In a nickel electrode for an alkaline battery, which is filled with a slurry containing one or more of —Co (OH) 2 powder,
The pore size of the porous body is 40 to 100 μm, the particle size of nickel hydroxide is 1/3 or less of the pore size of the porous body, and CoO, β-Co (OH) 2 and α-Co (OH) 2 to be added are A nickel electrode for an alkaline battery, having a particle size of 1/2 or less of nickel hydroxide.
【請求項2】耐アルカリ性多孔体が、ニッケル繊維焼結
体、ニッケルメッキ鉄繊維焼結体、ニッケルメッキグラ
ファイト繊維体である特許請求の範囲第1項記載のアル
カリ電池用ニッケル極。
2. The nickel electrode for an alkaline battery according to claim 1, wherein the alkali resistant porous body is a nickel fiber sintered body, a nickel plated iron fiber sintered body, or a nickel plated graphite fiber body.
JP61101846A 1986-04-30 1986-04-30 Nickel electrode for alkaline batteries Expired - Lifetime JPH0630248B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61101846A JPH0630248B2 (en) 1986-04-30 1986-04-30 Nickel electrode for alkaline batteries

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61101846A JPH0630248B2 (en) 1986-04-30 1986-04-30 Nickel electrode for alkaline batteries

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62256366A JPS62256366A (en) 1987-11-09
JPH0630248B2 true JPH0630248B2 (en) 1994-04-20

Family

ID=14311415

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61101846A Expired - Lifetime JPH0630248B2 (en) 1986-04-30 1986-04-30 Nickel electrode for alkaline batteries

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0630248B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0677454B2 (en) * 1986-11-13 1994-09-28 三洋電機株式会社 Non-sintered nickel electrode for alkaline storage battery
JPS63150857A (en) * 1986-12-12 1988-06-23 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Cathode for alkaline storage battery
JPH01187768A (en) * 1988-01-19 1989-07-27 Yuasa Battery Co Ltd Nickel electrode for alkali battery
JPH0724218B2 (en) * 1988-04-11 1995-03-15 株式会社ユアサコーポレーション Nickel electrode for alkaline battery and battery using the same
JPH02144850A (en) * 1988-11-26 1990-06-04 Yuasa Battery Co Ltd Nickel electrode and alkali battery using same
DK0557522T3 (en) * 1990-10-29 1996-03-11 Yuasa Battery Co Ltd Hydrogen storage electrode, nickel electrode and nickel-hydrogen battery
CN111477846B (en) * 2020-03-27 2022-03-29 深圳市量能科技有限公司 High-rate nickel-metal hydride battery positive electrode and manufacturing method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62256366A (en) 1987-11-09

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