JPH06307703A - Distributed air conditioning system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The objective is to provide a simple and highly accurate air conditioning system at a factory that performs highly accurate machining, assembly, and measurement, and at the same time, is an inexpensive and power-saving air conditioning system. [Structure] To control the temperature of a wide area, a plurality of medium-scale air conditioners and a plurality of temperature sensors per air conditioner are installed, and the temperature information of the wide area is guided to the control panel. It is possible to control not only temperature control but also humidity control by realizing the control signal based on the control signal of 1. [Effect] Efficient capital investment, power saving, energy saving
Can be realized.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system for air-conditioning a wide area and a control method therefor, and requires temperature and humidity control with a relatively high ceiling and high accuracy. The present invention relates to an air conditioning system that is effective and widely used for air conditioning of processes and a control method thereof. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a large factory or a gymnasium having a large-scale wide area, a large-scale air conditioner of more than 100 refrigeration tons has been installed for cooling. However, in this case, rather than controlling the temperature to a predetermined temperature, the room temperature rises in the summer and the discomfort is removed, so the temperature is lowered by several degrees Celsius from the outside air temperature, and the air conditioner is used to eliminate the discomfort. In addition to burning the boiler to control the humidity,
It is also used to generate steam to raise the humidity. On the other hand, in clean rooms such as semiconductor factories that are extremely reluctant to accept dust, the large-scale air-conditioning equipment described above must be installed.
A constant temperature / humidity chamber is set up within 0.5 ° C. This is inevitable that no matter how expensive the capital investment is, if the capital investment is neglected, the product cannot be produced and the equipment must be provided. On the other hand, in a factory for processing and assembling precision parts, the above-mentioned clean room may be necessary for processing or assembling ultra-precision parts in particular. In a general factory that processes and assembles high-precision parts, it is necessary to air-condition the entire workplace. In summer, winter, morning, or daytime, the temperature in the workplace may change, and the temperature may change from several degrees Celsius to 10 degrees Celsius with respect to the outside temperature. This is not only due to changes in air temperature, but in a workplace with a machine tool, for example, the heat generated from the motor, the heat generated during processing, or even the presence of a worker becomes a heat source and raises the room temperature. Cause. On the other hand, the measurement accuracy of the current machining accuracy Toka components, 10 ^{- 4} mm to 10 ^{- 5} usually the result that the mm position accuracy is required, the number by which the room temperature rises 1 ℃ For larger components A dimensional change of μm occurs. Therefore, in the process of precise parts processing, measuring machines when precise measurement accuracy is required, or assembling of these parts, the temperature is constantly controlled to keep the room temperature within ± 1 to 2 ° C. Need to control. Furthermore,
In clean rooms such as semiconductor factories, room temperature requires more precise temperature control. The demand for such high precision is said to have improved the machining accuracy by one digit in the 10 years after the war, but in the last 10 to 15 years, the machining accuracy has improved by one digit in 5 years. The trend tends to be realized in an even shorter time. Along with this, there has been a demand for a low cost air conditioning system and a method that can be controlled with high accuracy as an air conditioning system in a wide area such as a machine factory. A conventional air conditioning system will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows, as an example, a cross-sectional side view in which air conditioners (package type air conditioners, hereinafter referred to as air conditioners) are arranged on both sides of the room, and FIG. It is a cross-sectional plan view when arranged on one side.
Further, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view showing a state in which air conditioners are arranged on both sides and a highly accurate air conditioning chamber is partially provided.
FIG. 8 is a sectional plan view thereof. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 51 is a factory building, 52 is a building wall, and 53 is an air conditioner.
54 is a duct connected to the air conditioner 53, 55 is the ceiling of the building of 51, and 56 is an outlet for blowing out cool / warm air or exhaust air of the air conditioner 53, which is fixed to the ceiling 55. Reference numeral 57 is a temperature sensor fixed to the air conditioner 53. Reference numeral 58 shows the direction of the flow of cool air / warm air or air flow from the outlet 56 attached to the ceiling 55, and 59 shows the direct flow of cool air / warm air or air flow from the air conditioner. The state in which the air is blown directly from the front of the machine 53 is shown by dotted lines. Outlet 56 here
Is designed so that the amount of exhaust air can be adjusted.
At the outlet close to, the air volume tends to be squeezed, and it is opened toward the end to make the air volume of the air conditioner 53 as uniform as possible. However, in the spaces 60, 61 near the ceiling 55, there is almost no cold air, warm air, or air flow,
Further, even at the position of the entire surface portion 62 of the air conditioner, only the air flow from the outlet 56 attached to the ceiling 55 comes.
Further, in FIG. 6, the circle indicated by the dotted line 63 is a state in which the airflow blown from the blowout port 56 is diffused and blown to the floor surface. In this case, since the air conditioner 53 is only arranged on one side, the air flow is small on the side 64 where the air conditioner 53 is not attached, and the temperature distribution at room temperature deteriorates. Further, in FIG. 7, since the temperature distribution in the wide area is bad, a smaller room 65 is formed inside the air-conditioned room, and an air conditioner 66 is installed in the room, especially when highly accurate measurement is performed.
Is provided. . And that small room 6
There is also a place where a workbench 67 is arranged in 5, and a high-precision measuring machine is installed on it, and sometimes a high-precision machine tool is put in. (Reference: FIG. 7 shows the state in which the machine tool 69 is not placed in the small room 65.) There is also a case where this small room 65 is simply surrounded by a thick vinyl sheet. Reference numeral 68 denotes a hanging hand from the ceiling 55. Further, FIG. 8 shows a state in which this small room is moved in the other direction of the 66 air conditioning room in the direction of the arrow. There is also a method of partitioning a wide area into a large number of small rooms and installing a small air conditioner for each, but this is not desirable because it has an efficiency problem. As described above, a medium-scale air conditioner generally has a refrigerating capacity of about 3 to 30 tons, and a package type air conditioner has a built-in temperature sensor. This temperature sensor is ± 2 to the set temperature.
Since it operates at about 3 ° C, it was insufficient for precise machining and measurement. Further, although the humidity sensor is optional, it is generally not provided with a humidity control. When using a humidifier, a pan-type humidifier is generally used. Further, as is apparent from FIGS. 5 and 6, there is a device for cooling, heating, or air blowing directly from the air conditioner on the front or side of the air conditioner, directly below the air outlet or on the ceiling. However, the temperature was non-uniform even in the same room because it became indirect at the position away from it. In particular, there is a problem that the temperature changes drastically in parts such as doors and windows that can be opened and closed. Generally, in a place where precision machining and measurement are performed, the air conditioner is usually operated for 24 hours, but in the case of air conditioning by a medium-scale air conditioner, the power is turned off when not in use. However, it took a long time to reach the predetermined room temperature again, so the power energy loss was large. (Reference: In a clean room, etc., a large air conditioner operates continuously for 24 hours.) There are various problems in the conventional technology. In order to solve such various problems, a plurality of medium-scale air conditioners are installed, and one air conditioner is provided with a temperature sensor of an adjacent air conditioner. Including 2 m or less from the floor in the horizontal direction, and at least 2 sensors including the temperature sensor of the adjacent air conditioner and 1 m or more in the vertical direction at a height of 2 m or more in total. The air conditioner is operated by at least three temperature sensors, and a plurality of air conditioners are arranged so that the air conditioners are controlled to interact with each other. By installing a plurality of at least three temperature sensors and a plurality of air conditioners for one air conditioner, a plurality of air conditioners can be operated by a large amount of information in a wide area. Since the machine is centrally managed by the CPU, it is possible to stabilize temperature changes in a wide area and save power. Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a cross section of a factory in which a factory is assumed as a wide area according to the present invention, and an air conditioner is arranged therein. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the factory, showing an occupied state by air blowing and a temperature sensor. Shows the arrangement. Further, FIG. 3 is a partial sectional side view of a portion where the air conditioner is arranged, and FIG. 4 is a CPU.
It is a perspective view of the control panel containing. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a building (factory) showing a wide area, and the temperature inside the building is controlled uniformly. 2 to 6 are air conditioners arranged in the building 1, and 7 to 11 are external air introducing dampers attached to the air conditioners 2 to 6, the tips of which are projected from the outer wall of the building 1 to the outside. ing. Also, 12-
Reference numeral 15 is an exhaust fan from the room to the outside, which is actually attached to both sides of each roof ridge. (Only the visible parts are shown in the figure) 16, 16 _a , 1
6 _b is a temperature sensor for controlling the air conditioner 2 - shows the, 16 and 16 _a on both sides of the air conditioner 2, also,
16 _b is attached to the lower part of the wall surface on the front surface of the air conditioner 2 and, although not shown in the figure, to the upper part of the temperature sensor of 16 _b . Similarly, a temperature sensor corresponding to the air conditioner 3
Are 17, 17 _a , 17 _b , and 17 _c , respectively, and the temperature sensors for the air conditioner 4 are 18, 18 _a , 1
_8b and _18c , the temperature sensor for the air conditioner 5 is 1
9, 19 _a , 19 _b , 19 _c and 2 for the air conditioner 6
0, 20 _a and 20 _b . (However, 20 _c is omitted because it is not shown in the figure.) Next, the wirings of the temperature sensors are shown up to 21 to 30, and these are passed through the wiring groove 31 on the floor of the building to the control panel 32. It is connected. In this embodiment, the control panels 32 for the air conditioners 2 to 6 can be placed on the same floor (in the same building), but for example, they are installed in a separate building 33 apart from the factory building 1. This state is shown because it is possible. Although the entrances and windows are shown in the building 1 and the annex 33, it is better that there is less opening and closing because there is an exchange with the outside air by opening and closing the entrance, and if there is a necessity, the window will be on top. By attaching a temperature sensor, it is possible to cope with the exchange with the outside air. Next, FIG. 2 will be described. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the air conditioners, and further illustrates the direction of the air when cooling, heating or blowing air from the air conditioners. That is, in the present embodiment, the air conditioners are zigzag-shaped at both ends of the room (asymmetric with respect to the virtual center line of the room) in order to blow air evenly in the wide area room.
It is better to install the air conditioners 2, 4 and 6 on one side in the figure, and the air conditioners 3, 4 on the other side in front of them.
5 is installed, and the other one of the air conditioners is arranged at the intermediate position on one side. Moreover, the air conditioner has an outlet from the side surface and an outlet from the front surface, and the angles of the outlets from the side surfaces (α ₁ , β ₁ , γ ₁ , δ ₁ , ε, respectively).
₁ ), the angle of the front blowing direction (α ₂ , β ₂ , γ ₂ ,
δ ₂ , ε ₂ ) and vertical angles (α ₃ , β ₃ , γ ₃ ,
δ ₃ , ε ₃ ) can be adjusted. And
The angle is determined by the installed width H and the installed pitch D of the air conditioners facing each other. Further, FIG. 3 is a view showing a sectional view taken along the line A, A ¹ in FIG. 2, showing one of the plurality of air conditioners (in FIG. 1, for example, five air conditioners are installed). It is a figure which shows a state. That is, the air conditioner 2 has a vertical angle of α ₃ of air blown from the front, and this angle is adjustable. The temperature sensor of the air conditioner is installed on the side wall 2m of the air conditioner 2.
The following are the temperature sensor -16 and 16 _a are mounted at a height, and, at the same height of the front wall 16
_b , and _16c is attached to the upper part, that is, more than 2m. Temperature control (see FIG. 2) and air conditioner, the primary is performed by the temperature sensor -16 _b and 16 _c, and further, so acts secondarily temperature sensor -16,16 _a. Next, a temperature sensor is attached to each temperature sensor. Also, the wiring 21 from the temperature sensors 16 and 16 _a and the temperature sensors 16 _b and 16 a
The wiring 22 from _c passes through the groove 31 on the floor and is connected to the control panel 32. Next, the outside air introducing damper 7 can air-condition the room by blowing air by introducing outside air. Furthermore, the reason why the temperature sensor is determined to be 2 m or less and 2 m or more is that the machine tools generally used in factories and the like have a high total height, but it is the machining portion or power that is the heat source. The motor is 2 m or less (generally about 1 m in height), and the worker's height is 2 m.
Since it is below, the effective position is set to 2 m or less. The range of 1.5 m to 2 m is preferable. In addition, the reason why the temperature sensor at the high position is set to 2 m or more is that the air flow of high temperature becomes an upward air current and moves to the upper part. Therefore, by lowering the upper temperature in the room, the temperature control of 2 m or less is surely achieved. Because you can do it. Therefore the temperature sensor -16 _c to 20 _c the center of the set temperature in a high position, it is effective that a temperature sensor -16 _b to 20 _b Setting low as + 2 ° C. below the center of the temperature at the bottom is there. [0017] In addition, the temperature sensor -16~20,16 _a ~2
0 _a, of _{16 b ~20 b, 16 c ~20} c wiring 21-3
0 passes through the groove 31 on the floor and is connected to the control panel 32. Information from the sensor enters the control panel, and based on the result, a control signal is instructed to each air conditioner 2-6. It has become. Further, not only cooling and heating, but also the outside air introducing dampers 7 to 11 can be operated, and power saving and energy saving can be achieved. In addition, in consideration of temperature changes in summer and winter throughout the year, the average temperature is 24 ℃ in summer and 18 ℃ in winter so that the indoor temperature matches the outdoor temperature for energy saving. By changing the setting of the temperature from the standard temperature of 20 ° C., it is possible to save energy and power, and it is also possible to make temperature control comfortable for people who go in and out of the room. Here, the temperature of the wide area is adjusted by building 1
A heat insulating material is used for the wall portion 34 surrounded by four, and similarly, on the ceiling 35, a heat insulating material 36 such as foam styrene is also used.
Is installed. FIG. 4 specifically shows the control panel 32, and the control panel 32 displays the operating state of each air conditioner 2 to 6 and its history by a CRT display 37. A board computer 38, a temperature / humidity measuring device 39, a control relay 40, and a power supply unit 41 are incorporated under the board computer 38. And board computing
Temperature sensor -16～20,16 _a the motor 38 in chamber
Temperature information from _{~20 a, 16 b ~20 b,} 16 c ~20 c, the outside air temperature information (not shown outdoor temperature sensor -.. Put established a) Also to air conditioner 2-6 room At the same time that the operation information of the air conditioners is input, the control signals to the air conditioners 2 to 6 and the dampers 7 to 11 for introducing the outside air based on the information
And a control signal of a humidifier or dehumidifier (not shown). The specific operation will be described below. First, as described above, it is desirable that the building uses a heat insulating material for the walls, ceiling, etc. of the four enclosures, and at the same time, eliminates the windows that are easily affected by the outside air temperature and has a double entrance and exit structure. Generally, in order to adjust the temperature of a wide area, a large-scale air conditioner such as 100 refrigeration tons is operated continuously for 24 hours. Multiple package type air conditioners) are arranged in a zigzag shape. In addition, a medium-scale air conditioner has a built-in temperature sensor, and the operating temperature range is 2 to 3 ° C with respect to the set temperature. In contrast, multiple locations are provided.
In particular, the upper and lower two stages are attached to the front wall where the air conditioner is installed, and this temperature sensor is temporarily set to operate the air conditioner. There are also temperature sensors on both sides of the air conditioner, which work as a secondary function. The temperature sensors on the both side surfaces are, for example, the air conditioner 3
May be used a temperature sensor -17 _b and 19 _b or 17 _b, 17 _c and 19 _b, 19 _c of the front of the air conditioner 2 and 4 instead of the temperature sensor 18 and 18 _a in the case of. By thus cooling and heating the wide area with a medium-scale air conditioner, fine temperature control can be performed. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, each air conditioner can cover almost the entire indoor area, and since a plurality of air conditioners interact and control each other, a uniform temperature distribution can be obtained and the minimum required As long as the air conditioner uses a commonly used one, it does not require large-scale construction. Furthermore, when the outside air temperature does not change much at a predetermined temperature, it is possible to switch to indoor ventilation by introducing outside air, and when cooling, heating, ventilation, etc. are not required, the power can be turned off by the control signal of the control panel. It becomes possible and power saving can be achieved. Further, in the conventional clean room, etc., it was necessary to air-condition for 24 hours, but in this method, medium-scale air conditioners are dispersed and arranged, and the air-conditioning temperature is set individually. Since it can also be operated, air conditioning can be performed according to the operation of the factory. Next, although not shown in the figure, the opening of a door or the like through which a person comes in or out has a particularly large temperature change in the room, and it is not always possible to obtain a stable temperature distribution. For this reason, in this method, a temperature sensor (not shown) is arranged above the opening of the door, etc., and when there is a temperature rise in that part, the air conditioner can be intensively operated. The temperature change due to the opening of the door can be minimized. Further, in addition to the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor can be fixed at the same place as the temperature sensor or at a specific position in the room set separately, and the information can be put into the control panel. The humidifier or dehumidifier provided separately from the air conditioner can be operated. Further, the heat generated by machining and the heat generated by the operation of the motor, which is generated from a machine tool, raises the temperature of the upper part due to the upward air flow. Thermal energy to deal with when moving
By detecting the source with a plurality of sensors, the air conditioner can be activated locally to control the temperature. And the information from the factory, which is a wide area, is the indoor temperature,
In addition to indoor humidity and local temperature information, outside air temperature and humidity information, as well as air conditioner cooling / heating operation / stop information, and information such as operation / stop of humidifier / humidifier by humidity sensor At the same time, the control signal of each air conditioner from the control panel, that is, the operation stop signal for cooling, heating, and blowing, as well as the control signal of the damper for introducing the outside air, that is, the damper is fully opened. 3 open, half open, 1/4
In addition to the open or fully closed signal, the exhaust fan on the ceiling is turned on,
A control signal such as OFF can be output. Furthermore,
The control signal from the temperature sensor can be used to start and stop the humidifier / humidifier, and the control panel can control temperature in a wide area as well as humidity. For this reason, even if it is impossible to compare with a conventional large-scale, for example, green room, the temperature control of a medium-scale wide area is simply performed by a temperature sensor with a wide range of accuracy built in the air conditioner. In contrast to control, this method can improve accuracy because a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged for one air conditioner. Moreover, since the entire indoor area is covered by a plurality of air conditioners, it is possible to achieve a uniform temperature distribution of ± 1 ° C per hour in a wide area, and the air conditioners can be spread over a wide area. Since they are installed in a distributed manner, it is possible to set whether the air conditioner is operating or not based on the information from the temperature sensor, and the degree of air conditioning can be made variable to save power and energy.
It is also possible to make it. Furthermore, as for humidity, a stable humidity condition can be obtained because the humidifier / humidifier is controlled by the signal from the humidity sensor. Of course, these control panels can be installed in a part of the air-conditioned space, but they can be installed in an office in a separate building, for example, and centralized management is possible. As described above, according to the present distributed air conditioning system and its control method, many effects can be obtained by the present invention, even though it is wide area air conditioning. In other words, (1) By arranging medium-scale air conditioners in a wide area in a distributed manner, the minimum required equipment configuration is sufficient, and therefore equipment investment is small. (2) A medium-scale air conditioner does not require a large-scale construction because it can be a standard product (excluding the temperature sensor). (3) The power can be turned off individually when the air conditioner is not needed to be cooled, heated, blown, or the like, and power can be saved. (4) When the outside air is warm and air conditioning in the room is unnecessary, it is possible to blow air by introducing only the outside air. (5) Due to the heat source of the machine tool, the release of heat energy by humans, etc., the temperature sensor is set to 2 m or less and 2 m or more, and the effect of rising air is minimized to at least 2 m. In order to keep the temperature distribution constant at
Set the center temperature of the temperature sensor above m to + 2 ° C.
Below. (6) The control panel can be installed not only indoors with an air conditioner, but also in a separate building. By centralized control, it is possible to control a wide area, and the history of the operating status of each air conditioner can be displayed on the CRT display. You can see. (7) Since the temperature sensor is arranged at the upper part of the opening (door, window, etc.), even if the temperature of that part rises, the temperature sensor works, so that part is concentrated. Air conditioning is possible, and temperature changes due to openings can be minimized. (8) Unlike a large-scale air conditioner, 24
Not only does it not need to be operated on time, but because the air conditioners are distributed over a wide area, it is highly efficient and it is possible to perform air conditioning that matches the schedule of factory operation. For example, the temperature distribution in a wide area can be made uniform at low cost, and the efficiency of capital investment, power saving, and energy saving are significant.

[Brief description of drawings] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a factory where air conditioners are arranged. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the arrangement of air conditioners. 3 is a partial cross-sectional side view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a control panel. FIG. 5 is a conventional cross-sectional side view in which air conditioners are arranged on both sides. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view of a conventional air conditioner arranged on one side. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view in which a highly accurate air conditioning room is provided indoors. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional plan view in which a highly accurate air conditioning room is provided indoors. [Explanation of symbols] 1 factory 2-6 air conditioner 7-11 Damper for introducing outside air 12 to 15 exhaust fan 16 Temperature sensor of air conditioner 2 17 Temperature sensor of air conditioner 3 18 Temperature sensor of air conditioner 4 19 Temperature sensor of air conditioner 5 20 Air conditioner 6 temperature sensor 21-30 Wiring for transmitting signals from each temperature sensor 31 Floor groove for wiring 32 control panel 34 Factory 1 wall 35 ceiling 36 Insulation 37 CRT display 38 board computer 39 Temperature measuring instrument 40 Control relay 41 power supply 51 Factory building showing conventional example 52 wall 53 air conditioner 54 duct 55 ceiling 56 Air conditioner outlet 57 Temperature sensor 58 Airflow direction from the ceiling 59 Air flow from the front of the air conditioner 60 ・ 61 No air flow 62 Partial air flow 63 Spread from the outlet of the ceiling 64 Side without air conditioner 65 High-precision air-conditioning room made in wide-area air-conditioning room 66 air conditioner 67 Workbench 68 Precision measuring instrument 69 machine tools

Claims (1)

[Claims] [Claim 1] It is an air conditioner for a wide area of a factory or the like, and a plurality of medium-scale air conditioners are installed regardless of a large air conditioner. Further, the temperature sensor arranged outside the air conditioner is arranged at a position of a predetermined height of 2 m or less from the floor surface and a position of a predetermined height of 2 m or more from the floor surface. A temperature range is set for −, and the CPU stores the temperature range to control cooling and heating, and a plurality of temperature sensors controls one air conditioner and a plurality of air conditioners to interact with each other. A distributed air conditioning system characterized by 2. A medium-scale air conditioner is arranged asymmetrically with respect to a virtual center line of a predetermined space, and is a distributed air conditioner, and the indoor air conditioning temperature is adjusted to suit the outside air temperature in summer and winter throughout the year. The distributed air-conditioning system and its control method according to claim 1, wherein the average temperature is set to 24 ° C in summer and 18 ° C in winter. 3. The distributed air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the CPU turns off the switch of the air conditioner when cooling and heating are not required, and introduces outside air to control the outside air of the indoor air conditioner. A distributed control system that enables control of the amount of outside air introduced by opening and closing. 4. A centralized control is made possible by housing a control panel including a CPU for controlling a plurality of air conditioners of the distributed air conditioning system according to claim 1 in a single cabinet. Distributed control system. 5. The temperature change according to claim 1 is minimized by arranging the temperature sensor according to claim 1 inside a room at an opening (doorway, window, etc.) with the outside. Decentralized air conditioning system. 6. One air conditioner is controlled by a plurality of temperature sensors, and is also controlled by a temperature sensor of an adjacent air conditioner to selectively set operating machines and non-operating machines. A control method that is capable of achieving energy savings by achieving uniform air conditioning in a wide area. 7. A temperature control method characterized in that a set center temperature of a temperature control range of a temperature sensor located at 2 m or more is set to + 2 ° C. or less than a temperature sensor located at a height of 2 m or less. 8. A temperature / humidity control method comprising controlling a dehumidifier or a humidifier by connecting a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor to a CPU of a control panel. 9. A temperature control method characterized in that, when a heat energy source is moved in a predetermined wide area indoor, the heat energy source is detected by a sensor and the temperature can be locally controlled.