JPH063247A

JPH063247A - Method and device for measuring viscosity

Info

Publication number: JPH063247A
Application number: JP4184492A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Hiroshi Miyahara; 洋宮原; Hisamitsu Takagi; 尚光高木; Seiji Uda; 清司宇田
Original assignee: Japan Steel Works Ltd
Current assignee: Japan Steel Works Ltd
Priority date: 1992-06-18
Filing date: 1992-06-18
Publication date: 1994-01-11

Abstract

(57)【要約】【目的】残留材料及び負圧による運転の不安定化や無
機材料による損傷などを改善し、在留材料の排出及び計
測装置の保全点検を容易にする。【構成】シリンダ１０にはピストン１２の前方にピス
トンヘッド側室１８が形成されている。ピストンヘッド
側室１８は、連通管２６及び４６を介して樹脂処理装置
４６と、連通管２６及び３８を介して細管部材３０の上
流側室３４と、連通されている。細管部材３０は、これ
の下流側室３６が連通管４０及び４８を介して外部と連
通されている。各連通管は切換弁２８の第１位置５４と
第２位置５６とを切換えることにより開閉される。ピス
トンロッド１４は定押込力往復駆動装置２２により駆動
可能に保持されている。定押込力往復駆動装置２２は、
制御装置５２により駆動力及び切換弁２８との動作のタ
イミングを制御される。ピストンロッド１４の押込速度
は押込速度計測装置２４により計測され、この値に基づ
いて制御装置５２は粘度を算出可能である。 (57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To improve the instability of operation due to residual materials and negative pressure and the damage due to inorganic materials, and to facilitate the discharge of residual materials and maintenance and inspection of measuring devices. A piston head side chamber 18 is formed in front of a piston 12 in the cylinder 10. The piston head side chamber 18 is in communication with the resin processing device 46 via the communication pipes 26 and 46 and with the upstream side chamber 34 of the thin tube member 30 via the communication pipes 26 and 38. The downstream chamber 36 of the thin tube member 30 is in communication with the outside through the communication tubes 40 and 48. Each communication pipe is opened / closed by switching the first position 54 and the second position 56 of the switching valve 28. The piston rod 14 is drivably held by a constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22. The constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22,
The controller 52 controls the driving force and the timing of the operation with the switching valve 28. The pushing speed of the piston rod 14 is measured by the pushing speed measuring device 24, and the controller 52 can calculate the viscosity based on this value.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】【０００１】【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、粘度計測方法及び装置
に関するものである。【０００２】【従来の技術】従来の粘度計測装置として、メルトイン
デックス計測装置がある。これは、樹脂材料の溶融状態
におけるメルトインデックス（以下、本明細書中では
「ＭＩ」とする。なお、メルトフローインデックス：Ｍ
ＩＦ、又はメルトフローレイト：ＭＦＲとも称され
る）、すなわち、規定試験条件における規定時間あたり
の重量流量が主要物性値として使用されており、固体樹
脂を加熱溶融し、規定温度の溶融樹脂を規定圧力でオリ
フィスから押出し、規定時間における押出重量（流出速
度）を求めるものである（ＪＩＳＫ６９００及びＫ７
２１０による）。しかしながら、稼働中の装置内あるい
は貯蔵容器内の溶融樹脂のＭＩを計測する場合、正規の
ＭＩ計（ＭＩ計測装置）による計測方法では、溶融樹脂
を一度細粒状に固化した後、規定温度に再溶融しなけれ
ばならず、採取してからＭＩが得られるまでに１０分単
位の所要時間が必要である。それゆえ、稼働中の装置内
あるいは貯蔵容器内において物性変化している樹脂のＭ
Ｉを即時的に得ること、さらには、ＭＩの変化を常時監
視することにより装置の運転条件を制御することはほと
んど不可能である。【０００３】この対策として、稼働中の装置あるいは貯
蔵容器から常時少量の溶融樹脂を抜き出し、疑似的にＭ
Ｉを計測している。すなわち、図３に示されるように、
樹脂処理装置１００には、これから溶融樹脂を抜き出す
ギアポンプ１０２が連結されており、ギアポンプ１０２
には、これから送られてくる溶融樹脂を大気中に押し出
すオリフィス１０４が連結されている。計測方法は、ギ
アポンプ１０２の回転を制御することにより、圧力計１
０６で計測されるオリフィス１０４の前の溶融樹脂圧力
を規定値に保持する。オリフィス１０４から押し出され
た樹脂の重量を計量し、これから流出速度を計測する。
この場合、溶融樹脂は、粘着性があり、ひも状で連続的
に押し出されるため、溶融樹脂の流出速度を直接自動計
測することはできない。このため、流出速度の自動計測
をするために、ギアポンプ１０２の回転数から求められ
る体積流出速度と溶融樹脂の単位体積重量とから流出速
度を求めている。計測後の溶融樹脂は図示されていない
廃棄物容器などで受け取られる。【０００４】【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記従
来の粘度計測方法及び装置では、次のような問題があ
る。近年、樹脂材料が多様化してその種類が非常に多く
なってきている。これは有機樹脂材料の種類が多くなっ
ていることに加えて、有機樹脂材料に種々の無機材料を
混入した樹脂材料の生産される場合が増加していること
による。また、樹脂処理装置についても、樹脂材料の種
類を頻繁に変更して運転される場合、すなわち、多種少
量処理に使用される場合が多くなっている。このような
樹脂処理装置において常時ＭＩあるいは粘度μを計測す
る場合、計測装置においても混入された無機材料に対す
る強度上の対応、樹脂材料変更に対する迅速な対応が要
求されている。したがって、図３に示されるような精密
な組立製品であるギアポンプ１０２を使用した計測装置
においては、次のような不具合がある。すなわち、無機
材料を混入した樹脂材料の場合、歯面間にかみ込まれた
無機材料により歯面が損傷する。また、無機材料の塊が
歯面間に食い込むことにより、安定した正常回転ができ
ない場合がある。また、樹脂材料の変更時に歯底にたま
った変更前の樹脂材料を容易に除去することができな
い。これらの不具合により、ギアポンプ１０２の運転状
態が不安定になり、正確な計測が行えなくなる。これに
より、信用できない計測結果が得られることになる。ま
た、ギアポンプ１０２は精密機械であるため、分解点検
などの保全が困難である。本発明は、上記課題を解決す
ることを目的としている。【０００５】【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、細管部材への
被計測液体の供給をシリンダによって行うことにより、
上記課題を解決する。すなわち本発明の粘度計測方法
は、シリンダにはめ合わされたピストンを一方向に移動
させることにより、シリンダとピストンとによって区画
された所定の室に被計測液体を吸入し、次にピストンを
他方向に一定力で移動させることにより、上記室から被
計測液体を外部へ吐出させて細管部を通過させ、このと
きのピストンの移動速度を基に粘度を算出するものであ
る。また、シリンダにはめ合わされたピストンを一方向
に移動させることにより、シリンダとピストンとによっ
て区画された所定の室に被計測液体を吸入し、次にピス
トンを他方向に一定速度で移動させることにより、上記
室から被計測液体を外部へ吐出させて細管部を通過さ
せ、このときの細管部の上流部における被計測液体の圧
力を基に粘度を算出するものとすることもできる。【０００６】また、本発明の粘度計測装置は、シリンダ
（１０）と、これにはめ合わされたピストン（１２）の
ピストンロッド（１４）に連結された往復駆動装置（２
２）と、ピストンロッド（１４）の移動速度を測定する
速度計測装置（２４）と、５つのポート（７０、７２、
７４、７６、７８）を有する切換弁（２８）と、被計測
液体に流動抵抗を与える細管部材（３０）と、連通管
（２６、３８、４０）と、制御装置（５２）と、を有し
ており、上記シリンダ（１０）は、上記ピストン（１
２）によって区画された室（１８）が上記第１連通管
（２６）を介して上記切換弁（２８）の第３ポート（７
４）に接続されており、上記細管部材（３０）は、これ
の上流側室（３４）が上記第２連通管（３８）を介して
上記切換弁（２８）の第２ポート（７２）に接続される
とともに、これの下流側室（３６）が上記第３連通管
（４０）を介して上記切換弁（２８）の第１ポート（７
０）に接続されており、上記切換弁（２８）の第５ポー
ト（７８）は被計測液体の吸入元に連通可能であり、上
記切換弁（２８）の第４ポート（７６）は被計測液体の
吐出先へ連通可能であり、上記切換弁（２８）は、第１
位置（５４）において上記第３ポート（７４）及び第５
ポート（７８）間を連通すると同時に第１ポート（７
０）、第２ポート（７２）及び第４ポート（７６）を遮
断し、第２位置において、上記第１ポート（７０）及び
第４ポート（７６）間及び第２ポート（７２）及び第３
ポート（７４）間を連通すると同時に第５ポート（７
８）を遮断するように切換可能であり、上記往復駆動装
置（２２）は、上記ピストンロッド（１４）を一定力で
軸方向に駆動可能であり、上記制御装置（４２）は、上
記往復駆動装置（２２）の駆動力を設定可能であるとと
もに上記切換弁（２８）及び上記往復駆動装置（２２）
が所定の動作順序で動作するように制御可能であり、上
記速度計測装置（２４）によって測定された上記ピスト
ンロッド（１４）の移動速度値に基づいて被計測液体の
粘度が算出されるものである。また、シリンダ（１０）
と、これにはめ合わされたピストン（１２）のピストン
ロッド（１４）に連結された定速度往復駆動装置（５
８）と、５つのポート（７０、７２、７４、７６、７
８）を有する切換弁（２８）と、被計測液体に流動抵抗
を与える細管部材（３０）と、これの上流側室（３４）
に設けられた圧力計測装置（６０）と、連通管（２６、
３８、４０）と、制御装置（６２）と、を有しており、
上記シリンダ（１０）は、上記ピストン（１２）によっ
て区画された室（１８）が上記第１連通管（２６）を介
して上記切換弁（２８）の第３ポート（７４）に接続さ
れており、上記細管部材（３０）は、これの上流側室
（３４）が上記第２連通管（３８）を介して上記切換弁
（２８）の第２ポート（７２）に接続されるとともに、
これの下流側室（３６）が上記第３連通管（４０）を介
して上記切換弁（２８）の第１ポート（７０）に接続さ
れており、上記切換弁（２８）の第５ポート（７８）は
被計測液体の吸入元へ連通可能であり、上記切換弁（２
８）の第４ポート（７６）は被計測液体の吐出先へ連通
可能であり、上記切換弁（２８）は、第１位置（５４）
において上記第３ポート（７４）及び第４５ポート（７
８）間を連通すると同時に第１ポート（７０）、第２ポ
ート（７２）及び第４ポート（７６）を遮断し、第２位
置において、上記第１ポート（７０）及び第４ポート
（７６）間及び第２ポート（７２）及び第３ポート（７
４）間を連通すると同時に第５ポート（７８）を遮断す
るように切換可能であり、上記定速度往復駆動装置（５
８）は、上記ピストンロッド（１４）を一定速度で軸方
向に駆動可能であり、上記制御装置（６２）は、上記定
速度往復駆動装置（５８）の駆動速度を設定可能である
とともに上記切換弁（２８）及び上記定速度往復駆動装
置（５８）が所定の動作順序で動作するように制御可能
であり、上記圧力計測装置（６０）によって測定された
上記細管部材（３０）の上記上流側室（３４）の圧力値
に基づいて被計測液体の粘度が算出されるものとするこ
ともできる。また、シリンダ（１０）、細管部材（３
０）、切換弁（２８）及び各連通管（２６、３８、４
０）に温度制御可能な加熱装置を設けたものとすること
もできる。なお、上記かっこ内の符号は実施例の対応す
る部材を示す。【０００７】【作用】切換弁の第５ポート及び第４ポートをそれぞれ
被計測液体の吸入元及び吐出先へ連通した状態で、ま
ず、切換弁の第１位置においてピストンをシリンダ内か
ら引き出すと、シリンダの室の容積が増加して内部圧力
が負圧に低下する。被計測液体の吸入元である稼働中の
装置あるいは貯蔵容器は通常高圧状態にあるため、被計
測液体の吸入元から室へ被計測液体が吸入されて流入す
る。次に、切換弁の第２位置においてピストンをシリン
ダ内に押し込むと、室の容積が減少して内部圧力が上昇
する。したがって、室から細管部を経由して外部へ被計
測液体が吐出されて流出する。以上のように、ピストン
の往復動作を繰り返すことにより、被計測液体は被計測
液体の吸入元から室、細管部、被計測液体の吐出先へと
順次流動していく。ピストンの駆動に際して、一定力で
駆動させると同時に移動速度を計測することにより、被
計測液体のμを求めることができる。すなわち、細管を
流動する被計測液体のμはハーゲンポアズイユの式、μ
＝πｒ⁴ （Ｐ１−Ｐ２）／８Ｌｑによって演算される。
ここで、Ｐ１は、細管上流部の被計測液体圧力であり、
駆動力とピストンの作用面積とから求められ、Ｐ２は、
細管下流部の被計測液体圧力であり、吐出先の圧力から
求められ、ｑは、被計測液体の体積流量であり、移動速
度とピストンの作用面積とから求められ、細管半径ｒ及
び細管長Ｌは、細管部の形状から求められる。この式に
おいて、Ｐ２は大気圧で一定と考えられ、移動速度だけ
が変数であるので、μは移動速度を計測することによ
り、一義的に求めることができる。また、ピストンの駆
動に際して、一定速度で駆動すると同時に細管部材の上
流側室の被計測液体の圧力を計測することにより被計測
液体のμを求めることができる。すなわち、上流側室の
被計測液体圧力からＰ１、移動速度とピストンの作用面
積とからｑが求められ、上記の場合と同様にハーゲンポ
アズイユの式よりμが求められる。この式において、上
流側室の被計測液体圧力Ｐ１だけが変数であるので、μ
は上流側室の被計測液体圧力Ｐ１を計測することによ
り、一義的に求めることができる。なお、あらかじめ被
計測液体の単位体積重量が求められていれば、この値及
びｑから計測条件と規定条件とを換算することによりＭ
Ｉが求められる。さらには、計測条件を任意の一定値に
保持した状態で、移動速度あるいは上流側室の被計測液
体圧力Ｐ１を継続して計測することにより、計測値の変
化からμあるいはＭＩの変化が推測される。【０００８】装置の構成においては、シリンダは、ピス
トンをシリンダ内から引き出すときに室に被計測液体を
吸入し、ピストンをシリンダ内に押し込むときに室から
被計測液体を吐出する。細管部材は、室から外部へ流動
する被計測液体に流動抵抗を発生させ、細管部両端部間
の被計測液体に明確な圧力差を発生させる。切換弁は、
室と被計測液体の吸入元との間を連通すると同時に室と
細管部材上流側室との間及び細管部材下流側室と被計測
液体の吐出先との間を遮断する状態と、この逆の状態
と、を切換える。連通管は、被計測液体の吸入元と室と
の間、室から細管部材を経由して外部へ至る間、をそれ
ぞれ連通して被計測液体を流動させる流路となり、それ
ぞれの連通管の途中に切換弁を介在させている。往復駆
動装置は、ピストンロッドをシリンダの軸方向に駆動す
るとともに、ピストンロッドの駆動をあらかじめ設定さ
れた一定力で駆動する。速度計測装置は、ピストンロッ
ドの駆動に際し、シリンダに対するピストンロッドの相
対速度を計測する。制御装置は、往復駆動装置の駆動力
をあらかじめ設定することにより、ピストンロッド駆動
時における往復駆動装置の駆動力を制御し、切換弁の第
１位置の状態でピストンロッドを引き出し、第２位置の
状態でピストンロッドを押し込むように、切換弁の第１
位置と第２位置との間の切換とピストンロッドの駆動
と、を関連付けて往復駆動装置及び切換弁を制御し、ピ
ストンロッドの駆動時における速度計測装置の計測値を
検出し、この計測値や設定値などから、あらかじめ設定
されている計算式によりμあるいはＭＩを算出する。ま
た、定速度往復装置は、あらかじめ設定された一定速度
でピストンロッドを駆動する。圧力計測装置は、被計測
液体が細管部材を通過する際に、細管部材の上流側室に
おける被計測液体の圧力を計測する。定速度往復駆動装
置及び圧力計測装置を構成要素とする制御装置へ、駆動
速度をあらかじめ設定することにより、定速度往復駆動
装置の駆動速度を制御し、切換弁及び定速度往復駆動装
置のそれぞれの動作を関連づけて制御し、圧力計測装置
の計測値を検出し、この計測値や設定値などからあらか
じめ設定されている計算式によりμあるいはＭＩを算出
する。また、加熱装置は、計測装置を任意の設定温度に
加熱し、被計測液体を一定した計測温度状態に保持す
る。これにより、１００℃を越える高温の被計測液体に
対し、周囲の変化に影響されることなく所定の温度状態
が確保され、安定した計測が行われるため、信頼性の高
い計測結果が得られる。【０００９】【実施例】図１に本発明の第１実施例を示す。溶融樹脂
（被計測液体）を流動可能なシリンダ１０には、これと
これにはめ合わされたピストン１２の前面とによってピ
ストンヘッド側室１８（室）が形成されている。シリン
ダ１０には連結部材２０によって定押込力往復駆動装置
２２（往復駆動装置）が取り付けられている。定押込力
往復駆動装置２２は、シリンダ１０から突出してピスト
ン１２の後面に設けられているピストンロッド１４を軸
方向に駆動可能に保持しており、溶融樹脂の流動力を発
生させるためにピストンロッド１４を一定力で駆動可能
である。定押込力往復駆動装置２２のピストンロッド１
４保持部付近には、押込速度計測装置２４（速度計測装
置）が取り付けられている。押込速度計測装置２４は直
線速度を計測する装置であり、ピストンロッド１４の押
込速度を計測可能である。シリンダ１０は、ピストンヘ
ッド側室１８が第１連通管２６を介して切換弁２８の第
３ポート７４に接続されている。切換弁２８は、５つの
ポートを有する２位置切換弁であり、溶融樹脂の流路を
切換え可能である。溶融樹脂の流動抵抗を計測可能な細
管部材３０は、細管部３２と、これの両端に設けられる
上流側室３４及び下流側室３６と、から構成されてい
る。上流側室３４は第２連通管３８を介して切換弁２８
の第２ポート７２と接続されており、下流側室３６は第
３連通管４０を介して切換弁２８の第１ポート７０と接
続されている。樹脂処理装置４２（被計測液体の吸入
元）は、これの出口４４が第４連通管４６によって切換
弁２８の第５ポート７８に接続されている。切換弁２８
の第４ポートには第５連通管４８の一端が接続されてお
り、第５連通管４８の他端は排出容器５０（被計測液体
の吐出先）に接続されている。切換弁２８は、第１位置
５４において第３ポートと第５ポートとの間を連通する
と同時に第１ポート７０、第２ポート７２及び第４ポー
ト７６を遮断し、第２位置５６において第１ポート７０
と第４ポート７６との間及び第２ポート７２と第３ポー
ト７４との間を連通すると同時に第５ポート７８を遮断
する。定押込力往復駆動装置２２、押込速度計測装置２
４及び切換弁２８は、これら全体の動作を制御可能な制
御装置５２と接続されている。制御装置５２は、図示し
ていない設定部、検出部、演算部、駆動部及び出力部が
それぞれ備えられており、上記各装置との間で制御信号
及びデータ信号の交信が可能であるとともに、μあるい
はＭＩの演算が可能である。【００１０】次に、本実施例の動作について説明する。
制御装置５２において定押込力往復駆動装置２２の駆動
力をあらかじめ所定値に設定しておく。これにより、定
押込力往復駆動装置２２の駆動力は、所定の大きさに制
御可能となる。ピストン１２がシリンダ１０内に最も押
し込まれた位置にあり、ピストンヘッド側室１８には溶
融樹脂がない状態の場合において、まず、切換弁２８が
第１位置５４に切換えられる。これにより、樹脂処理装
置４２の出口４４が第４連通管４６及び第１連通管２６
を経由してピストンヘッド側室１８に連通する。次に、
定押込力往復駆動装置２２によってピストンロッド１４
をシリンダ内から引き出す。これにより、樹脂処理装置
４２の出口４４からピストンヘッド側室１８へ溶融樹脂
が吸入される。定押込力往復駆動装置２２はピストンロ
ッド１４を最も引き出した時点で停止する。これによ
り、ピストンヘッド側室１８にはこれが充満されるまで
樹脂処理装置４２から新しい溶融樹脂が吸入される。次
に、切換弁２８が第２位置５６に切換えられる。これに
より、ピストンヘッド側室１８は細管部材３０を経由し
て第５連通管４８と連通する。次に、定押込力往復駆動
装置２２によりピストンロッド１４を所定の駆動力でシ
リンダ内に押し込むとともに、押込速度計測装置２４を
作動させる。これにより、ピストンヘッド側室１８の溶
融樹脂は、第１連通管２６及び第２連通管３８を経由し
て細管部材３０の上流側室３４へ流入し、細管部３２を
通過して下流側室３６から第３連通管４０を経由して第
５連通管４８へ吐出される。このとき、溶融樹脂は細管
部３２を通過する際に、粘度に比例する流動抵抗を受け
る。このため、ピストンロッド１４は粘度に反比例する
速度で押し込まれる。このピストンロッド１４の押込速
度は押込速度計測装置２４によって計測され、制御装置
５２へ送信される。制御装置５２では、この計測データ
を基にμが演算される。すなわち、μは、ハーゲンポア
ズイユの式、μ＝πｒ⁴ （Ｐ１−Ｐ２）／８Ｌｑによっ
て演算される。ここで、細管半径ｒ及び細管長Ｌは細管
部３２の形状から求められ、上流側室３４の溶融樹脂圧
力Ｐ１は、定押込力往復駆動装置２２の押込力の設定値
とピストン１２のピストンヘッド側室１８側の表面積と
から求められ、下流側室３６の溶融樹脂圧力Ｐ２は排出
容器５０の大気圧であり、ｑはピストンロッド１４の押
込速度とピストン１２のピストンヘッド側室１８側の表
面積とから求められる。ピストンロッド１４が最も前進
した位置に達した時点で定押込力往復駆動装置２２は停
止する。このとき、ピストンヘッド側室１８内の溶融樹
脂はすべて吐出されている。この後、切換弁２８は第１
位置５４に切換えられ、上記のその後の動作を順次繰り
返す。【００１１】図２に第２実施例を示す。これは、図１に
示される第１実施例の定押込力往復駆動装置２２及び押
込速度計測装置２４の代わりに定押込速度往復駆動装置
５８（定速度往復駆動装置）を設け、上流側室３４にこ
の部分の溶融樹脂の圧力を計測する圧力計測装置６０を
設け、制御装置５２の代わりに、定押込速度往復駆動装
置５８、切換弁２８及び圧力計測装置６０との間で制御
信号及びデータ信号を交信可能な制御装置６２を設けた
ものであり、その他の構成要素は第１実施例と同様であ
る。【００１２】次に、第２実施例の動作について説明す
る。定押込速度往復駆動装置５８の駆動速度を所定値に
設定すること、及び圧力計測装置６０によって上流側室
３４に流入した溶融樹脂の圧力を計測して、この計測デ
ータを制御装置６２に送信することを除いては、基本的
な動作は第１実施例と同様である。制御装置６２では、
圧力計測装置６０からの計測データに基づいてμが演算
される。すなわち、μは、ハーゲンポアズイユの式、μ
＝πｒ⁴ （Ｐ１−Ｐ２）／８Ｌｑによって演算される。
ここで、細管半径ｒ及び細管長Ｌは細管部３２の形状か
ら求められ、上流側室３４の溶融樹脂圧力Ｐ１は、圧力
計測装置６０の計測データとして求められ、下流側室３
６の溶融樹脂圧力Ｐ２は排出容器５０の大気圧であり、
ｑは定押込速度往復駆動装置５８の駆動速度の設定値と
ピストン１２のピストンヘッド側室１８側の表面積とか
ら求められる。なお、圧力計測装置６０の代わりに、上
流側室３４と下流側室３６との間に差圧計測装置を設け
て、Ｐ１−Ｐ２を直接計測してもよい。【００１３】なお、シリンダ１０、細管部材３０、切換
弁２８、各連通管２６、３８、４０、４６及び４８にそ
れぞれ温度制御可能な加熱装置を設けると、溶融樹脂の
温度を所定の温度に安定して保持することができる。ま
た、上記実施例において、第２連通管３８を切換弁２８
を経由しないで直接ピストンヘッド側室１８へ連通して
もよい。すなわち、第２連通管３８によってピストンヘ
ッド側室１８と上流側室３４とを連通するようにして
も、計測に影響を及ぼすことはない。また、上記実施例
では溶融樹脂について述べたが、これに限るものではな
く、その他の液体の粘度計測についても適用することが
できる。【００１４】【発明の効果】本発明によれば、被計測液体を細管部材
に供給して粘度を計測するために、シリンダはめ合わさ
れたピストンを軸方向に駆動することにより、被計測液
体に流動力を付与する。シリンダは単純な構造であるた
め、無機材料による損傷や、残留材料による運転の不安
定化への影響が大幅に改善され、材料変更に際しても残
留材料の排出が容易に且つ迅速に行えるとともに分解組
立が容易であるため計測装置の保全点検が容易になっ
た。また、被計測液体の吸入動作と計測動作とは、流路
が閉止されて完全に分離されるので、従来のように供給
材料の圧力を受けながら計測部を流動させる状態と比較
して、より正確な計測が可能になった。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a viscosity measuring method and apparatus. As a conventional viscosity measuring device, there is a melt index measuring device. This is the melt index of the resin material in the molten state (hereinafter referred to as "MI" in the present specification. Melt flow index: M
IF, or melt flow rate: also called MFR), that is, the weight flow rate per specified time under specified test conditions is used as the main physical property value, and the solid resin is heated and melted to specify the molten resin at the specified temperature. It is to extrude from the orifice by pressure and to obtain the extruded weight (outflow rate) at a specified time (JIS K6900 and K7).
210). However, when measuring the MI of the molten resin in the operating equipment or in the storage container, with the measurement method using a regular MI meter (MI measuring device), the molten resin is once solidified into fine particles and then re-set to the specified temperature. It must be melted, and it takes a time of 10 minutes from the time of collection to the time when MI is obtained. Therefore, the M of the resin whose physical properties have changed in the operating equipment or storage container
It is almost impossible to obtain I immediately and to control the operating conditions of the device by constantly monitoring the change in MI. As a countermeasure against this, a small amount of molten resin is constantly extracted from an operating apparatus or storage container, and a pseudo M
I is measuring. That is, as shown in FIG.
A gear pump 102 for extracting molten resin from the resin processing apparatus 100 is connected to the resin processing apparatus 100.
An orifice 104 that pushes the molten resin that is to be sent into the atmosphere is connected to the. The measuring method is to control the rotation of the gear pump 102 so that the pressure gauge 1
The molten resin pressure in front of the orifice 104 measured at 06 is held at a specified value. The resin extruded from the orifice 104 is weighed and the outflow rate is measured.
In this case, the molten resin has tackiness and is continuously extruded in the form of a string, so the outflow rate of the molten resin cannot be directly and automatically measured. Therefore, in order to automatically measure the outflow rate, the outflow rate is obtained from the volume outflow rate obtained from the rotation speed of the gear pump 102 and the unit volume weight of the molten resin. The molten resin after the measurement is received in a waste container (not shown) or the like. However, the above-described conventional viscosity measuring method and apparatus have the following problems. In recent years, resin materials have been diversified and the types thereof have become extremely large. This is because the number of types of organic resin materials is increasing and the number of cases in which resin materials in which various inorganic materials are mixed with organic resin materials are produced are increasing. Further, regarding the resin processing apparatus, there are many cases in which the type of resin material is frequently changed to be operated, that is, the resin processing apparatus is used for various kinds of small amount processing. When the MI or the viscosity μ is constantly measured in such a resin processing apparatus, it is required that the measuring apparatus also has a strength response to the mixed inorganic material and a prompt response to the resin material change. Therefore, the measuring device using the gear pump 102, which is a precision assembled product as shown in FIG. 3, has the following problems. That is, in the case of a resin material mixed with an inorganic material, the tooth surface is damaged by the inorganic material caught between the tooth surfaces. Further, a lump of the inorganic material bites between the tooth surfaces, which may prevent stable normal rotation. In addition, it is not possible to easily remove the resin material before the change that has accumulated on the tooth bottom when changing the resin material. Due to these problems, the operating state of the gear pump 102 becomes unstable, and accurate measurement cannot be performed. This will result in unreliable measurement results. Further, since the gear pump 102 is a precision machine, maintenance such as overhaul and inspection is difficult. The present invention aims to solve the above problems. According to the present invention, the liquid to be measured is supplied to the thin tube member by a cylinder.
The above problems are solved. That is, the viscosity measuring method of the present invention moves the piston fitted in the cylinder in one direction to suck the liquid to be measured into a predetermined chamber defined by the cylinder and the piston, and then move the piston in the other direction. By moving with a constant force, the liquid to be measured is discharged from the chamber to the outside and passed through the thin tube portion, and the viscosity is calculated based on the moving speed of the piston at this time. Further, by moving the piston fitted in the cylinder in one direction, the liquid to be measured is sucked into a predetermined chamber defined by the cylinder and the piston, and then the piston is moved in the other direction at a constant speed. The liquid to be measured may be discharged from the chamber to the outside and passed through the thin tube portion, and the viscosity may be calculated based on the pressure of the liquid to be measured in the upstream portion of the thin tube portion at this time. Further, the viscosity measuring device of the present invention comprises a reciprocating drive device (2) connected to a cylinder (10) and a piston rod (14) of a piston (12) fitted to the cylinder (10).
2), a speed measuring device (24) for measuring the moving speed of the piston rod (14), and five ports (70, 72,
74, 76, 78), a switching valve (28), a thin tube member (30) that imparts flow resistance to the liquid to be measured, a communication tube (26, 38, 40), and a control device (52). The cylinder (10) is connected to the piston (1
The chamber (18) partitioned by 2) is connected to the third port (7) of the switching valve (28) through the first communication pipe (26).
4), the thin tube member (30) has its upstream chamber (34) connected to the second port (72) of the switching valve (28) via the second communication pipe (38). At the same time, the downstream chamber (36) thereof is connected to the first port (7) of the switching valve (28) through the third communication pipe (40).
0), the fifth port (78) of the switching valve (28) can communicate with the suction source of the liquid to be measured, and the fourth port (76) of the switching valve (28) is to be measured. It is possible to communicate with a liquid discharge destination, and the switching valve (28) has a first
At position (54) the third port (74) and the fifth port
The first port (7
0), the second port (72) and the fourth port (76) are shut off, and in the second position, between the first port (70) and the fourth port (76) and between the second port (72) and the third port.
The 5th port (7
8) can be switched so as to be cut off, the reciprocating drive device (22) can drive the piston rod (14) in the axial direction with a constant force, and the control device (42) can perform the reciprocating drive. The drive force of the device (22) can be set, and the switching valve (28) and the reciprocating drive device (22) can be set.
Can be controlled to operate in a predetermined operation sequence, and the viscosity of the liquid to be measured is calculated based on the moving speed value of the piston rod (14) measured by the speed measuring device (24). is there. Also, the cylinder (10)
And a constant speed reciprocating drive (5) connected to the piston rod (14) of the piston (12) fitted to this.
8) and 5 ports (70, 72, 74, 76, 7)
8), a switching valve (28), a thin tube member (30) that imparts flow resistance to the liquid to be measured, and an upstream chamber (34) thereof.
And a communication pipe (26,
38, 40) and a control device (62),
In the cylinder (10), the chamber (18) defined by the piston (12) is connected to the third port (74) of the switching valve (28) via the first communication pipe (26). The upstream side chamber (34) of the thin tube member (30) is connected to the second port (72) of the switching valve (28) through the second communication pipe (38), and
A downstream side chamber (36) thereof is connected to the first port (70) of the switching valve (28) through the third communication pipe (40), and the fifth port (78) of the switching valve (28). ) Is capable of communicating with the suction source of the liquid to be measured, and the switching valve (2
The fourth port (76) of 8) can communicate with the discharge destination of the liquid to be measured, and the switching valve (28) has the first position (54).
In the above-mentioned 3rd port (74) and 45th port (7
8) The first port (70), the second port (72) and the fourth port (76) are cut off at the same time when they are communicated with each other, and the first port (70) and the fourth port (76) are in the second position. Between the second port (72) and the third port (7
4) It can be switched so that the fifth port (78) is cut off at the same time as communicating with each other.
8) is capable of axially driving the piston rod (14) at a constant speed, and the control device (62) is capable of setting the drive speed of the constant speed reciprocating drive device (58) and switching the speed. The valve (28) and the constant speed reciprocating drive device (58) can be controlled to operate in a predetermined operation sequence, and the upstream chamber of the thin tube member (30) measured by the pressure measuring device (60). The viscosity of the measured liquid may be calculated based on the pressure value of (34). Also, the cylinder (10) and the thin tube member (3
0), the switching valve (28) and the communication pipes (26, 38, 4)
It is also possible to provide a heating device capable of controlling temperature in 0). The reference numerals in the parentheses indicate the corresponding members of the embodiment. With the fifth port and the fourth port of the switching valve in communication with the suction source and the discharge destination of the liquid to be measured, first, when the piston is pulled out from the cylinder at the first position of the switching valve, The volume of the chamber of the cylinder increases and the internal pressure decreases to negative pressure. Since the device or storage container in operation which is the suction source of the liquid to be measured is normally in a high pressure state, the liquid to be measured is sucked and flows from the suction source of the liquid to be measured into the chamber. Then, when the piston is pushed into the cylinder at the second position of the switching valve, the volume of the chamber is reduced and the internal pressure is increased. Therefore, the liquid to be measured is discharged from the chamber to the outside via the thin tube portion and flows out. As described above, by repeating the reciprocating motion of the piston, the liquid to be measured sequentially flows from the suction source of the liquid to be measured to the chamber, the narrow tube portion, and the discharge destination of the liquid to be measured. When the piston is driven, it is possible to obtain μ of the liquid to be measured by driving the piston with a constant force and simultaneously measuring the moving speed. That is, the μ of the liquid to be measured flowing in the thin tube is the Hagen-Poiseuille equation,
= Πr ⁴ (P1-P2) / 8Lq.
Here, P1 is the measured liquid pressure in the upstream part of the thin tube,
P2 is calculated from the driving force and the acting area of the piston.
The measured liquid pressure in the downstream portion of the thin tube is obtained from the pressure at the discharge destination, q is the volumetric flow rate of the measured liquid, obtained from the moving speed and the working area of the piston, and the thin tube radius r and the thin tube length L are obtained. Is calculated from the shape of the thin tube portion. In this equation, P2 is considered to be constant at atmospheric pressure, and since only the moving speed is a variable, μ can be uniquely obtained by measuring the moving speed. Further, when the piston is driven, it is possible to obtain μ of the liquid to be measured by driving the piston at a constant speed and simultaneously measuring the pressure of the liquid to be measured in the upstream chamber of the thin tube member. That is, P1 is obtained from the measured liquid pressure in the upstream chamber, q is obtained from the moving speed and the working area of the piston, and μ is obtained from the Hagen-Poiseuille equation as in the above case. In this equation, since only the measured liquid pressure P1 in the upstream chamber is a variable, μ
Can be uniquely obtained by measuring the measured liquid pressure P1 in the upstream chamber. If the unit volume weight of the liquid to be measured is obtained in advance, M is calculated by converting the measurement condition and the specified condition from this value and q.
I is required. Furthermore, by continuously measuring the moving speed or the measured liquid pressure P1 of the upstream chamber while keeping the measurement condition at an arbitrary constant value, the change in μ or MI can be estimated from the change in the measured value. . In the construction of the apparatus, the cylinder sucks the liquid to be measured into the chamber when the piston is pulled out from the cylinder, and discharges the liquid to be measured from the chamber when the piston is pushed into the cylinder. The thin tube member generates flow resistance in the liquid to be measured flowing from the chamber to the outside, and causes a clear pressure difference in the liquid to be measured between both ends of the thin tube portion. The switching valve is
A state in which the chamber and the suction source of the liquid to be measured are communicated with each other, and at the same time, the chamber and the upstream chamber of the thin tube member and the downstream chamber of the thin tube member and the discharge destination of the liquid to be measured are blocked, and vice versa. , Are switched. The communication pipe serves as a flow path for allowing the liquid to be measured to flow by communicating between the suction source of the liquid to be measured and the chamber, and from the chamber to the outside via the thin tube member, and in the middle of each of the communication pipes. A switching valve is interposed in the. The reciprocating drive device drives the piston rod in the axial direction of the cylinder, and also drives the piston rod with a preset constant force. The speed measuring device measures the relative speed of the piston rod with respect to the cylinder when the piston rod is driven. The control device controls the driving force of the reciprocating drive device when the piston rod is driven by presetting the driving force of the reciprocating drive device, pulls out the piston rod in the state of the first position of the switching valve, and pulls out the piston rod of the second position. In order to push the piston rod in the state,
The reciprocating drive device and the switching valve are controlled by associating the switching between the position and the second position with the driving of the piston rod to detect the measurement value of the speed measuring device when the piston rod is driven. From the set value or the like, μ or MI is calculated by a preset formula. Further, the constant speed reciprocating device drives the piston rod at a constant speed set in advance. The pressure measuring device measures the pressure of the liquid to be measured in the upstream chamber of the thin pipe member when the liquid to be measured passes through the thin pipe member. The drive speed of the constant speed reciprocating drive device is controlled by presetting the drive speed to the control device having the constant speed reciprocating drive device and the pressure measuring device as components, and the switching valve and the constant speed reciprocating drive device are respectively controlled. The operation is controlled in association with each other, the measured value of the pressure measuring device is detected, and μ or MI is calculated from the measured value or the set value according to a preset calculation formula. Further, the heating device heats the measuring device to an arbitrary set temperature and holds the liquid to be measured in a constant measured temperature state. As a result, a predetermined temperature state is secured for the liquid to be measured having a high temperature exceeding 100 ° C. without being affected by changes in the surroundings, and stable measurement is performed, so that a highly reliable measurement result can be obtained. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. A piston head side chamber 18 (chamber) is formed in the cylinder 10 capable of flowing the molten resin (liquid to be measured) by the front surface of the piston 12 fitted therein. A constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22 (reciprocating drive device) is attached to the cylinder 10 by a connecting member 20. The constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22 holds the piston rod 14 which is projected from the cylinder 10 and is provided on the rear surface of the piston 12 so as to be axially drivable, and the piston rod 14 generates a fluid force of the molten resin. It is possible to drive 14 with a constant force. Piston rod 1 of constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22
A push-in speed measuring device 24 (speed measuring device) is attached near the 4 holding part. The pushing speed measuring device 24 is a device that measures a linear speed, and can measure the pushing speed of the piston rod 14. In the cylinder 10, the piston head side chamber 18 is connected to the third port 74 of the switching valve 28 via the first communication pipe 26. The switching valve 28 is a two-position switching valve having five ports and can switch the flow path of the molten resin. The thin tube member 30 capable of measuring the flow resistance of the molten resin includes a thin tube portion 32, and an upstream chamber 34 and a downstream chamber 36 provided at both ends of the thin tube portion 32. The upstream side chamber 34 is provided with the switching valve 28 via the second communication pipe 38.
Is connected to the first port 70 of the switching valve 28 via the third communication pipe 40. An outlet 44 of the resin processing device 42 (source of sucking the liquid to be measured) is connected to a fifth port 78 of the switching valve 28 by a fourth communication pipe 46. Switching valve 28
One end of the fifth communication pipe 48 is connected to the fourth port of the above, and the other end of the fifth communication pipe 48 is connected to the discharge container 50 (the discharge destination of the liquid to be measured). The switching valve 28 communicates between the third port and the fifth port at the first position 54 and at the same time shuts off the first port 70, the second port 72, and the fourth port 76, and at the second position 56, the first port. 70
And the fourth port 76, and between the second port 72 and the third port 74, and at the same time, the fifth port 78 is shut off. Constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22, pushing speed measuring device 2
4 and the switching valve 28 are connected to a control device 52 capable of controlling the overall operation thereof. The control device 52 is provided with a setting unit, a detection unit, a calculation unit, a drive unit, and an output unit, which are not shown, and is capable of communicating control signals and data signals with the above devices, It is possible to calculate μ or MI. Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
The control device 52 sets the driving force of the constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22 to a predetermined value in advance. Thereby, the driving force of the constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22 can be controlled to a predetermined magnitude. When the piston 12 is at the most pushed position in the cylinder 10 and there is no molten resin in the piston head side chamber 18, the switching valve 28 is first switched to the first position 54. As a result, the outlet 44 of the resin processing device 42 is connected to the fourth communication pipe 46 and the first communication pipe 26.
To the piston head side chamber 18 via. next,
The piston rod 14 is driven by the constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22.
Pull out from inside the cylinder. As a result, the molten resin is sucked into the piston head side chamber 18 from the outlet 44 of the resin processing device 42. The constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22 stops when the piston rod 14 is pulled out most. As a result, new molten resin is sucked from the resin processing device 42 until the piston head side chamber 18 is filled with it. Next, the switching valve 28 is switched to the second position 56. As a result, the piston head side chamber 18 communicates with the fifth communication pipe 48 via the thin tube member 30. Next, the constant pushing force reciprocating driving device 22 pushes the piston rod 14 into the cylinder with a predetermined driving force, and the pushing velocity measuring device 24 is operated. As a result, the molten resin in the piston head side chamber 18 flows into the upstream side chamber 34 of the thin pipe member 30 via the first communication pipe 26 and the second communication pipe 38, passes through the thin pipe portion 32, and flows from the downstream side chamber 36 to the first side pipe 36. It is discharged to the fifth communication pipe 48 via the third communication pipe 40. At this time, the molten resin undergoes a flow resistance proportional to the viscosity when passing through the thin tube portion 32. Therefore, the piston rod 14 is pushed in at a speed inversely proportional to the viscosity. The pushing speed of the piston rod 14 is measured by the pushing speed measuring device 24 and transmitted to the control device 52. The control device 52 calculates μ based on this measurement data. That is, μ is calculated by the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, μ = πr ⁴ (P1−P2) / 8Lq. Here, the thin tube radius r and the thin tube length L are obtained from the shape of the thin tube portion 32, and the molten resin pressure P1 of the upstream chamber 34 is the set value of the pushing force of the constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22 and the piston head side chamber of the piston 12. 18 and the molten resin pressure P2 of the downstream chamber 36 is the atmospheric pressure of the discharge container 50, and q is calculated from the pushing speed of the piston rod 14 and the surface area of the piston 12 on the piston head side chamber 18 side. . When the piston rod 14 reaches the most advanced position, the constant pushing force reciprocating drive device 22 stops. At this time, all the molten resin in the piston head side chamber 18 is discharged. After this, the switching valve 28 is set to the first
The position is switched to the position 54, and the subsequent operations described above are sequentially repeated. FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment. This is provided with a constant pushing speed reciprocating driving device 58 (constant speed reciprocating driving device) instead of the constant pushing force reciprocating driving device 22 and the pushing speed measuring device 24 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. A pressure measuring device 60 for measuring the pressure of the molten resin in this portion is provided, and instead of the control device 52, a control signal and a data signal are transmitted between the constant pushing speed reciprocating drive device 58, the switching valve 28 and the pressure measuring device 60. The communication control device 62 is provided, and the other components are the same as those in the first embodiment. Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described. Setting the drive speed of the constant pushing speed reciprocating drive device 58 to a predetermined value, measuring the pressure of the molten resin flowing into the upstream chamber 34 by the pressure measuring device 60, and transmitting this measured data to the control device 62. Except for the above, the basic operation is the same as that of the first embodiment. In the controller 62,
Μ is calculated based on the measurement data from the pressure measuring device 60. That is, μ is the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, μ
= Πr ⁴ (P1-P2) / 8Lq.
Here, the thin tube radius r and the thin tube length L are obtained from the shape of the thin tube portion 32, the molten resin pressure P1 of the upstream chamber 34 is obtained as the measurement data of the pressure measuring device 60, and the downstream chamber 3
The molten resin pressure P2 of 6 is the atmospheric pressure of the discharge container 50,
q is obtained from the set value of the driving speed of the constant pushing speed reciprocating drive device 58 and the surface area of the piston 12 on the piston head side chamber 18 side. Instead of the pressure measuring device 60, a differential pressure measuring device may be provided between the upstream chamber 34 and the downstream chamber 36 to directly measure P1-P2. If the heating device capable of controlling the temperature is provided in each of the cylinder 10, the thin tube member 30, the switching valve 28, and the communication pipes 26, 38, 40, 46 and 48, the temperature of the molten resin is stabilized at a predetermined temperature. Can be held. Further, in the above embodiment, the second communication pipe 38 is connected to the switching valve 28.
It may be directly communicated with the piston head side chamber 18 without passing through. That is, even if the piston head side chamber 18 and the upstream side chamber 34 are communicated with each other by the second communication pipe 38, the measurement is not affected. Further, although the molten resin is described in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to the viscosity measurement of other liquids. According to the present invention, in order to supply the liquid to be measured to the thin tube member and measure the viscosity, the piston fitted in the cylinder is driven in the axial direction to flow the liquid to be measured. Give power. Since the cylinder has a simple structure, the influence of inorganic materials on the instability of the operation and the instability of the operation due to the residual material is greatly improved, and the residual material can be discharged easily and quickly even when the material is changed, and it can be disassembled and assembled. Easy maintenance of the measuring device. Moreover, since the flow path is closed and the measurement operation is completely separated between the suction operation and the measurement operation of the liquid to be measured, compared to the conventional state in which the measurement unit is made to flow while receiving the pressure of the supply material, Accurate measurement has become possible.

【図面の簡単な説明】【図１】本発明の第１実施例を示す図である。【図２】本発明の第２実施例を示す図である。【図３】従来例を示す図である。【符号の説明】１０シリンダ１２ピストン１４ピストンロッド１８ピストンヘッド側室（室）２２定押込力往復駆動装置（往復駆動装置）２４押込速度計測装置（速度計測装置）２６第１連通管２８切換弁３０細管部材３４上流側室３６下流側室３８第２連通管４０第３連通管４２樹脂処理装置（被計測液体の吸入元）５０排出容器（被計測液体の吐出先）５２、６２制御装置５４第１位置５６第２位置５８定押込速度往復駆動装置（定速度往復駆動装置）６０圧力計測装置７０第１ポート７２第２ポート７４第３ポート７６第４ポート７８第５ポート[Brief description of drawings] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional example. [Explanation of symbols] 10 cylinders 12 pistons 14 Piston rod 18 Piston head side chamber (room) 22 Constant pushing force reciprocating drive (reciprocating drive) 24 Pushing speed measuring device (speed measuring device) 26 First communication pipe 28 Switching valve 30 thin tube member 34 Upstream room 36 Downstream chamber 38 Second communication pipe 40 Third communication pipe 42 Resin treatment device (source of liquid to be measured) 50 Discharge container (destination of liquid to be measured) 52, 62 control device 54 1st position 56 Second position 58 Constant pushing speed reciprocating drive (constant speed reciprocating drive) 60 Pressure measuring device 70 Port 1 72 Second port 74 Third Port 76 Port 4 78 5th port

Claims

Claim: What is claimed is: 1. By moving a piston fitted in a cylinder in one direction, the liquid to be measured is sucked into a predetermined chamber defined by the cylinder and the piston, and then the piston is replaced by another. A viscosity measuring method in which the liquid to be measured is discharged to the outside from the chamber and passed through a thin tube portion by moving the liquid in a predetermined direction, and the viscosity is calculated based on the moving speed of the piston at this time. 1. A piston fitted in a cylinder is moved in one direction to suck a liquid to be measured into a predetermined chamber defined by the cylinder and the piston, and then the piston is moved in the other direction at a constant speed. By letting
A viscosity measuring method in which the liquid to be measured is discharged from the chamber to the outside to pass through the thin tube portion, and the viscosity is calculated based on the pressure of the liquid to be measured in the upstream portion of the thin tube portion at this time. 3. A cylinder (10), a reciprocating drive (22) connected to the piston rod (14) of a piston (12) fitted therein, and a piston rod (1).
A speed measuring device (24) for measuring the moving speed of 4) and 5
A switching valve (28) having two ports (70, 72, 74, 76, 78), a thin tube member (30) that imparts flow resistance to the liquid to be measured, a communication tube (26, 38, 40), and a control device. In the cylinder (10), the chamber (18) defined by the piston (12) is connected to the switching valve (28) via the first communication pipe (26). The thin pipe member (30) is connected to a third port (74), and the upstream chamber (34) of the thin pipe member (30) is connected to the second port (28) of the switching valve (28) via the second communication pipe (38). 72) and
A downstream side chamber (36) thereof is connected to the first port (70) of the switching valve (28) through the third communication pipe (40), and the fifth port (78) of the switching valve (28). ) Is capable of communicating with the suction source of the liquid to be measured, and the switching valve (2
The fourth port (76) of 8) can communicate with the discharge destination of the liquid to be measured, and the switching valve (28) has the first position (54).
At the third port (74) and the fifth port (7
8) The first port (70), the second port (72) and the fourth port (76) are cut off at the same time when they are communicated with each other, and the first port (70) and the fourth port (76) are in the second position. Between the second port (72) and the third port (7
4) It is possible to switch between the fifth port (78) and the reciprocating drive device (22) at the same time when they communicate with each other.
Can axially drive the piston rod (14) with a constant force, and the control device (42) can set the driving force of the reciprocating drive device (22) and the switching valve (28). And the reciprocating drive device (22) can be controlled to operate in a predetermined operation sequence, and the liquid to be measured is based on the moving speed value of the piston rod (14) measured by the speed measuring device (24). Viscosity measuring device that calculates the viscosity of. 4. A constant speed reciprocating drive (58) connected to a cylinder (10), a piston rod (14) of a piston (12) fitted thereto, and five ports (70, 72, 74). Switching valve (2, 76, 78)
8) and a thin tube member (3) that gives flow resistance to the liquid to be measured.
0), a pressure measuring device (60) provided in the upstream chamber (34) thereof, a communication pipe (26, 38, 40), and a control device (62). 10), the chamber (18) defined by the piston (12) is connected to the third port (74) of the switching valve (28) via the first communication pipe (26), The member (30) has its upstream chamber (34) connected to the second port (72) of the switching valve (28) through the second communication pipe (38), and
A downstream side chamber (36) thereof is connected to the first port (70) of the switching valve (28) through the third communication pipe (40), and the fifth port (78) of the switching valve (28). ) Is capable of communicating with the suction source of the liquid to be measured, and the switching valve (2
The fourth port (76) of 8) can communicate with the discharge destination of the liquid to be measured, and the switching valve (28) has the first position (54).
In the above-mentioned 3rd port (74) and 45th port (7
8) The first port (70), the second port (72) and the fourth port (76) are cut off at the same time when they are communicated with each other, and the first port (70) and the fourth port (76) are in the second position. Between the second port (72) and the third port (7
4) It can be switched so that the fifth port (78) is cut off at the same time as communicating with each other.
8) is capable of axially driving the piston rod (14) at a constant speed, and the control device (62) is capable of setting the drive speed of the constant speed reciprocating drive device (58) and switching the speed. The valve (28) and the constant speed reciprocating drive device (58) can be controlled to operate in a predetermined operation sequence, and the upstream chamber of the thin tube member (30) measured by the pressure measuring device (60). A viscosity measuring device for calculating the viscosity of a liquid to be measured based on the pressure value of (34). 5. A cylinder (10), a thin tube member (30),
The viscosity measuring device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a temperature controllable heating device is provided in the switching valve (28) and each communication pipe (26, 38, 40).