JPH06330896A - Variable inlet guide vane of compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a highly reliable set angle detecting device for a movable vane in a variable guide vane of a compressor. [Structure] A plurality of movable vanes 4 arranged side by side in a ring shape in an inlet passage 3 for introducing intake air into an impeller 2 of a compressor 1,
Lever 6 and ring 9 for rotating each movable vane 4.
And a variable inlet guide vane of a compressor provided with a fixed vane 7 arranged on the upstream side of the movable vane 4, first opening on the vane surfaces of the movable vane 4 and the fixed vane 7,
The second static pressure holes 21 and 22 are formed, and the first and second static pressure holes 2 are formed.
Means for detecting the static pressures Pv, Pf generated in the Nos. 1, 22 and a controller 30 for calculating the set angle θ of the movable vane 4 from these detected values are provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improved variable inlet guide vane for a compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a gas turbine engine for an automobile has a wide operating range, and there is a demand to increase the idling speed as much as possible in order to secure a starting acceleration from an idling state. As a countermeasure against this, a variable inlet guide vane that pre-turns the intake air flowing into the impeller of the compressor in the direction of rotation of the impeller is provided to keep the driving horsepower of the compressor small while keeping the idle speed high. It is known that both improvement of fuel efficiency and acceleration can be achieved at the same time (reference material: “NASA CR-18089”).
1 ”).

FIG. 1 shows a conventional gas turbine engine.
There is one as shown in 3.

An impeller 2 of a compressor 1 and a compressor driving turbine 15 are connected to the rotary shaft 11. The intake air compressed by the compressor 1 is sent to the combustor,
The combustor burns fuel, and the combustion gas discharged from the combustor rotationally drives the turbine 15 and an output turbine (not shown).

When the impeller 2 rotates, the intake air flowing from the inlet flow path 3 is sucked into the flow path between the blades 14 and compressed by centrifugal force while changing its direction in the radial direction. The relative speed is reduced through the diffuser 13 that spreads from the outer peripheral end of the to recover pressure.

As shown in FIG. 14, the variable inlet guide vane of the compressor 1 has a plurality of fixed vanes 7 and movable vanes (stator vanes) 4 radially in an inlet passage 3 introduced into an impeller 2 of the compressor 1. Is installed in.

Each movable vane 4 extends from the rear end of the fixed vane 7 to the downstream side, and is bent with respect to the fixed vane 7 as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.
As shown by arrows in FIG. 3, the intake air passing through the fixed vanes 7 and the movable vanes 4 is pre-turned.

As a mechanism for synchronously rotating each movable vane 4, a lever 6 is connected to a rotary shaft 5 of each movable vane 4, and a tip portion of each lever 6 is connected to a ring 9 via a pin 8. .

The angle of each movable vane 4 is adjusted in accordance with the operating state, and each idle vane 34 is shown in FIG.
It is tilted as shown by a dotted line so that the intake air passing through each movable vane 4 is pre-turned in the rotation direction of the impeller 2.

As means for detecting the set angle of each movable vane 4, there is provided a position meter 12 which mechanically detects the rotational position of one rotating shaft 5 and outputs an electric signal,
A control device (not shown) inputs a detection signal from the position meter 12 and controls each movable vane 4 to rotate to a target set angle.

[0011]

However, in such a conventional structure, since the position meter 12 mechanically detects the rotation angle of the rotary shaft 5, there is a possibility that a failure may occur due to disconnection or the like. Conceivable.

Further, as means for detecting the set angle of each movable vane 4, the static pressure inside and outside the flow passage of the inlet flow passage 3 is measured, and the difference changes depending on the swirl component of the intake air.
It is conceivable to calculate the set angle of the movable vanes.

However, when the static pressure hole that opens inside the flow path of the inlet flow path 3 is formed, there is a problem that it interferes with the rotary shaft 11 of the impeller 2 and the structure becomes complicated.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable set angle detecting device for a movable vane, focusing on the above problems.

[0015]

The invention according to claim 1 is
The compressor is provided with a plurality of movable vanes arranged in a line in an inlet passage for introducing intake air into the impeller of the compressor, a mechanism for rotating each movable vane, and a fixed vane arranged on the upstream side of the movable vane. In the variable inlet guide vanes of the compressor, first and second static pressure holes that open respectively on the vane surfaces of the movable vanes and fixed vanes are formed, and the static pressures Pv and Pf generated in the first and second static pressure holes are generated. A means for detecting and a means for calculating the set angle θ of the movable vane from these detected values are provided.

The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a plurality of movable vanes arranged in a line in an inlet passage for introducing intake air into the impeller of the compressor, and a mechanism for rotating each movable vane. In the variable inlet guide vane of the machine, means for forming a static pressure hole opening on the blade surface of the movable vane and detecting a static pressure Pv generated in the static pressure hole; and means for detecting an intake weight G of the compressor. , Means for calculating the set angle θ of the movable vane from these detected values.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
In addition to the configuration of the invention described above, a first static pressure hole that opens to the blade surface on the ventral side of the movable vane and a third static pressure hole that opens to the blade surface on the back side are formed, respectively. A means for detecting the static pressures Pv and Ps generated in the static pressure holes is provided.

[0018]

According to the first aspect of the invention, the static pressure Pf generated in the second static pressure hole opening in the fixed vane changes according to the intake weight of the compressor, and is generated in the first static pressure hole opening in the movable vane. Since the static pressure Pv changes according to the intake weight of the compressor and the set angle θ of the movable vanes, the set angle θ of each movable vane can be retrieved according to the static pressure ratio Pv / Pf.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the static pressure Pv generated in the first static pressure hole opening in the movable vane changes according to the intake weight G of the compressor and the set angle θ of the movable vane, so that By detecting the intake air weight G, the set angle θ of each movable vane can be searched according to the static pressure ratio Pv / G.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the difference ΔP between the static pressures Pv and Ps generated in the first and third static pressure holes is the same as the static pressure Pv generated in the first static pressure hole. Angle θ
However, since the value becomes larger than the static pressure Pv generated in the first static pressure hole, the detection accuracy of the set angle θ of the movable vane can be improved.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a compressor of a gas turbine engine will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that parts corresponding to those in FIG. 13 are designated by the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, as the variable inlet guide vanes of the compressor 1, a plurality of fixed vanes 16 and movable vanes 4 are provided in the inlet passage 3 of the compressor 1 about the center of rotation of the impeller 2. Radially arranged. Each movable vane 4 extends downstream from the rear end of the fixed vane 16, and is bent with respect to the fixed vane 16 in accordance with the operating conditions, so that the fixed vane 16 and the movable vane 4 are separated as indicated by the arrows in the figure. Pre-turn is given to the passing intake air.

The rotary shaft 5 of the movable vane 4 is a housing 10
Is rotatably supported by a bush 13. As a mechanism for rotating each movable vane 4 in synchronization, a lever 6 is connected to a rotary shaft 5 of each movable vane 4, and a tip portion of each lever 6 is connected to a ring 9 via a pin 8.

As shown in FIG. 3, one movable vane 4 is also provided.
A first static pressure hole 21 is formed on the blade surface of the fixed vane 7, and a second static pressure hole 22 is formed on the upstream surface of the fixed vane 7.

As shown in FIG. 2, the flow path sandwiched between the fixed vanes 7 and the movable vanes 4 adjacent to each other in the state where the set angle of each movable vane 4 is maximized is defined as an inter-blade area, and If the downstream side flow passage is the inter-blade outer region, the first static pressure holes 21 open facing the inter-blade region.

The blade cross sections of the fixed vanes 7 and the movable vanes 4 are formed symmetrically with respect to their center lines. The first static pressure hole 21 opens in a portion having a maximum blade thickness near the front edge of the movable vane 4. With such a configuration, the first static pressure hole 21 is opened at a portion where the flow velocity of the intake air flowing along the movable vane 4 is maximum.

The first and second static pressure holes 21 and 22 are arranged in the central portion where the distances to both blade ends of the fixed vane 7 or the movable vane 4 are equal, and are separated from the flow passage wall portion of the inlet flow passage 3. It is open.

A pressure sensor 31 is provided as means for detecting the static pressure Pv generated in the first static pressure hole 21. The movable vane 4 and the rotary shaft 5 are integrally formed, and the first static pressure hole 21 communicates with the pressure sensor 31 through a through hole 14 formed across the movable vane 4 and the rotary shaft 5. The pressure sensor 31 outputs a signal according to the static pressure Pv generated in the first static pressure hole 21.

A pressure sensor 32 is provided as means for detecting the static pressure Pf generated in the second static pressure hole 22. The second static pressure hole 22 communicates with the pressure sensor 32 via a through hole 15 formed across the fixed vane 7 and the housing 13.
The pressure sensor 31 outputs a signal according to the static pressure Pf generated in the second static pressure hole 22.

A control device 30 is provided as means for calculating the set angle of the movable vane 4. The control device 30 inputs detection signals from the pressure sensors 31 and 32, and outputs the detection signals from the pressure sensors 31 and 32 according to the static pressure ratio Pv / Pf generated in the first and second static pressure holes 21 and 22.
The set angle θ of each movable vane 4 is searched based on the table shown in Fig. 4 and control is performed to rotate the ring 9 via an actuator (not shown) so as to rotate each movable vane 4 to a target set angle according to the operating conditions. .

A position meter for mechanically detecting the set angle of one movable vane 4 as the rotation angle of the rotary shaft 5 is provided, and the control device 30 sets the set angle θp of the movable vane 4 detected by the position meter. When the difference | θp−θ | with the set angle θ of the movable vane 4 calculated according to the detection signals of the pressure sensors 31 and 32 exceeds a predetermined value and is large, it is determined that the position meter has failed. A warning light or the like may be turned on.

Next, the operation will be described.

The incident angles α of the fluid with respect to the parallel blade rows shown in FIG. 6 are αns, αv, αps (αns <αv <αp
s), the velocity (static pressure) distribution on the blade surface is expressed as shown in Fig. 7 ("Fluid Machine" published by Morikita Publishing Co., Ltd.,
(See 70th tribute).

FIG. 8 shows each fixed vane 7 of the variable inlet guide vane.
And in the circular blade row composed of the movable vanes 4,
When the set angle θ of the movable vane 4 is changed, the ratio V / Vi (see FIG. 4) of the flow velocity V on the blade surface detected by the first static pressure holes 21 to the fluid inflow velocity Vi is shown in FIG. It is expressed corresponding to the characteristics of.

The flow passage area defined between the fixed vanes 7 and the movable vanes 4 becomes smaller toward the downstream side, and the flow velocity V of the intake air passing therethrough gradually increases, and the flow of the intake air from the blade surface of the movable vanes 4 increases. Can be suppressed from peeling. The flow velocity V detected in the first static pressure hole 21 near the front edge of the movable vane 4 becomes maximum, and the set angle θ of the movable vane 4 becomes 60.
When it is set to °, it may exceed three times the inflow velocity Vi.

The inflow velocity Vi is 40 m / s which is the rated flow rate of the gas turbine, the set angle θ of the movable vane 4 is 60 °,
The flow velocity V is 2.5 times the inflow velocity Vi, and the specific weight of the intake air is 1.
If the gravity acceleration is 9.8 m / s ² when the pressure is 2 kg / m ³ , the static pressure Pv generated in the first static pressure hole 21 is expressed by the following equation.

Pv = (40 × 2.5) ² /2×1.2/
9.8 = 612 mmAg The static pressure Pv generated in the first static pressure hole 21 is 150 even when the inflow speed Vi of the gas turbine bin at idle is half that at the rated time.
Since this is mmAg, the detection accuracy of the pressure sensor 31 can be sufficiently ensured.

Since the first static pressure holes 21 are opened in the inter-blade region sandwiched between the fixed vanes 7 and the movable vanes 4 adjacent to each other, intake air is separated from the blade surface at the portion where the first static pressure holes 21 are opened. Can be suppressed. The movable vanes 4
When separation occurs on the blade surface at the portion where the first static pressure hole 21 is opened, the detected static pressure Pv does not correspond to the flow velocity V.

The static pressure Pf detected by the second static pressure hole 22 opened on the blade surface of the fixed vane 7 does not change depending on the set angle of the movable vane 4, and is proportional to the inflow velocity Vi. On the other hand, since the static pressure Pv detected by the first static pressure hole 21 is proportional to the flow velocity V as described above, the static pressure ratio Pv / Pf is equal to the flow velocity ratio V / Vi.

Since the flow velocity ratio V / Vi changes according to the set angle θ of the movable vane 4 as shown in FIG. 8, the set angle θ of the movable vane 4 is calculated from the static pressure ratio Pv / Pf based on the map shown in FIG. You can search.

Next, in another embodiment shown in FIG. 9, a first static pressure hole 21 opened on the blade surface on the ventral side of one movable vane 4.
And the third static pressure hole 23 opening to the blade surface on the back side is formed. The parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals.

A second static pressure hole 22 is formed on the blade surface of the fixed vane 7 provided upstream of the movable vane 4 in which the first and third static pressure holes 21 and 23 are formed.

A pressure sensor 33 is provided as means for detecting the static pressure Ps generated in the third static pressure hole 23. As shown in FIG. 10, the third static pressure hole 23 communicates with the pressure sensor 33 via the through hole 16 formed across the movable vane 4 and the rotary shaft 5. The pressure sensor 33 outputs a signal according to the static pressure Ps generated in the third static pressure hole 23.

The control device 30 includes pressure sensors 31, 32,
The detection signal of 33 is input to the first and third static pressure holes 21 and 23.
Is calculated, and the ratio ΔP / of the calculated value ΔP and the static pressure Pf generated in the second static pressure hole 22 is calculated.
The set angle θ of each movable vane 4 is searched based on a predetermined table (not shown) according to Pf, and the ring 9 is rotated via an actuator (not shown) so as to rotate each movable vane 4 to a target set angle according to the operating condition. Control to rotate.

Next, the operation will be described.

In this case, the difference ΔP between the static pressures generated in the first and third static pressure holes 21 and 23 is equal to the static pressure P generated in the first static pressure hole 21.
Similar to v, it changes according to the set angle θ of the movable vane 4, but since it becomes a value larger than the static pressure Pv generated in the first static pressure hole 21, the detection accuracy of the set angle θ can be improved and the compressor 1
Sufficient detection accuracy can be ensured even during idling when the weight flow rate of the intake air sucked into the engine is small.

Next, in another embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the first static pressure hole 2 opened on the ventral surface of one movable vane 4 is provided.
1 is formed, the second static pressure hole opened on the blade surface of the fixed vane 7 provided in each of the above-described embodiments is eliminated, and the weight flow rate G of the intake air sucked into the compressor 1 is detected. A flow sensor 34 is provided. The parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals.

The control device 30 inputs the respective detection signals of the pressure sensor 31 and the flow rate sensor 34, and the second static pressure hole 2 opened on the blade surface of the fixed vane 7 in the embodiment shown in FIG.
2 is calculated, the set angle θ of each movable vane 4 is searched based on the table shown in FIG. 5 according to the static pressure ratio Pv / Pf, and each movable vane 4 is set to a target set angle according to the operating condition. When the difference | θp-θ | between the set angle θp of the movable vane 4 detected by the position meter and the calculated set angle θ of the movable vane 4 exceeds a predetermined value and is large, The warning light is turned on when it is judged that a failure has occurred.

Next, the operation will be described.

The inflow velocity Vi is expressed by the following equation, where the cross-sectional area A of the inlet passage 3 and the specific weight of the intake air are γ.

Vi = G / (A × γ) In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the static pressure Pf generated in the second static pressure hole 22 opening on the blade surface of the fixed vane 7 is expressed by the following equation.

Pf = γ / (2 × g) × Vi ^{2 In} this way, the static pressure Pf is calculated from the intake air mass flow rate G, and each movable vane is calculated according to the static pressure ratio Pv / Pf based on the table shown in FIG. The set angle θ of 4 can be searched.

[0053]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of movable vanes arranged in an annular manner in the inlet passage for introducing intake air into the impeller of the compressor, and the movable vanes are provided. In a variable inlet guide vane of a compressor including a rotating mechanism and a fixed vane arranged on the upstream side of the movable vane, first and second static pressure holes that open respectively on the vane surfaces of the movable vane and the fixed vane are formed. However, since the means for detecting the static pressures Pv and Pf generated in the first and second static pressure holes and the means for calculating the set angle θ of the movable vane from these detected values are provided, the set angle θ of the movable vane is It is possible to provide a detection device that is less likely to malfunction as compared with a conventional position meter that mechanically detects.

The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a plurality of movable vanes arranged in a line in an inlet passage for introducing intake air into the impeller of the compressor, and a mechanism for rotating each movable vane. In the variable inlet guide vane of the machine, means for forming a static pressure hole opening on the blade surface of the movable vane and detecting a static pressure Pv generated in the static pressure hole; and means for detecting an intake weight G of the compressor. Since it is provided with a means for calculating the set angle θ of the movable vane from these detected values, it is possible to provide a highly reliable detection device as compared with a conventional position meter or the like.

The invention according to claim 3 is the same as claim 1 or 2.
In addition to the configuration of the invention described above, a first static pressure hole that opens to the blade surface on the ventral side of the movable vane and a third static pressure hole that opens to the blade surface on the back side are formed, respectively. Since the means for detecting the static pressures Pv and Ps generated in the static pressure holes are provided, the set angle θ of the movable vane is set even when the intake weight of the compressor is low even when the engine is idle.
It is possible to sufficiently secure the detection accuracy of.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the variable guide vane.

FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the variable guide vane, which is also taken along the line YY in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the variable guide vanes similarly showing the operating state of each movable vane.

FIG. 5 is a search table for the set angle θ of the movable vane with respect to the static pressure ratio Pv / Pf.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing parallel blade rows.

FIG. 7 is a velocity distribution diagram of blade surfaces in parallel blade rows.

FIG. 8 is a velocity distribution diagram of the blade surface in the example of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a compressor showing another embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the variable guide vane likewise taken along the line YY of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a compressor showing still another embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the variable guide vane similarly taken along the line YY of FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional compressor.

FIG. 14 is a transverse sectional view of the variable guide vane.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Impeller 3 Inlet flow path 4 Movable vane 7 Fixed vane 21 First static pressure hole 22 Second static pressure hole 23 Third static pressure hole 30 Control device (calculation means) 31 Pressure sensor (pressure detection means) 32 Pressure sensor (pressure detection means) 33 Pressure sensor (pressure detection means)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of movable vanes annularly arranged in an inlet passage for introducing intake air into an impeller of a compressor, a mechanism for rotating each movable vane, and an upstream side of the movable vane. In a variable inlet guide vane of a compressor including a fixed vane, first and second static pressure holes that open respectively on the vane surfaces of the movable vane and the fixed vane are formed, and the static pressure generated in the first and second static pressure holes is formed. A variable inlet guide vane for a compressor, which is provided with means for detecting pressure and means for calculating a set angle of a movable vane from these detected values. 2. A variable inlet guide vane for a compressor, comprising a plurality of movable vanes annularly arranged in an inlet passage for introducing intake air into an impeller of the compressor, and a mechanism for rotating each movable vane. In the above, means for forming a static pressure hole opening on the blade surface of the movable vane, and detecting static pressure generated in the static pressure hole,
A variable inlet guide vane for a compressor, comprising: means for detecting an intake weight of the compressor; and means for calculating a set angle of a movable vane from these detected values. 3. A first static pressure hole opening to the blade surface on the ventral side of the movable vane and a third static pressure hole opening to the blade surface on the back side are respectively formed in the first and third static pressure holes. A variable inlet guide vane for a compressor according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising means for detecting static pressure generated.