JPH0645813Y2 - Heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a heat pump device used for cooling, heating, or for generating cold or hot water.

[Problems to be Solved by Conventional Techniques and Inventions] As is well known, in recent years, a heat pump device has been used to perform heating / cooling or to generate cold / hot water. Kaisho 61-18127
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-190264, there is one in which an engine is used as a power source, and when heating or generating hot water is performed by this engine-driven heat pump device. In general, the exhaust heat of the engine is used.

This prior art will be explained with reference to FIG. 2. When the compressor 2 is operated by the engine 1 when heating is performed or when hot water is generated, the refrigerant flows through the refrigerant passage 3 and From the high-pressure side of the compressor 2, the four-way valve 4, for example, the first heat exchanger 5 arranged indoors, the expansion valves 6a, 6b, for example the second heat exchanger 7 arranged outdoors, and the compressor 2 Is circulated to the low pressure side. Then, the heat recovered by the outdoor second heat exchanger 7 is heat-exchanged by the indoor first heat exchanger 5, and is used for heating or hot water generation.

Further, when cooling is performed or when cold water is generated, the four-way valve 4 is switched and the refrigerant in the refrigerant passage 3 flows down in the opposite direction to the first heat exchanger 5 on the indoor side. The heat is recovered by the second heat exchanger 7 on the outdoor side.

On the other hand, the exhaust gas of the engine 1 is communicated with an exhaust gas heat exchanger 9 provided in a cooling water passage 8 of the engine 1 and then exhausted via a muffler 10. In this exhaust gas heat exchanger 9, for example, an exhaust chamber in which exhaust gas flows and a cooling water chamber in which cooling water flows are provided adjacent to each other via a partition wall, and via this partition wall. Heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas and the cooling water, and the cooling water whose temperature is further raised is guided to the second heat exchanger 7 arranged outdoors, for example.

However, according to this prior art, when the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered in the exhaust gas heat exchanger 9, water contained in the exhaust gas may be condensed. This condensation occurs, dew condensation generated and the SO _x contained in the exhaust gas cause corrosion in this region undergoes a chemical reaction. When this corrosion progresses, for example, a crack is generated in the partition wall, and the cooling water leaks from the crack. Then, the SO _x reacts with the leaked cooling water, and the cracks increase with time.

If the amount of leakage of cooling water increases, the amount of cooling water for the engine will decrease, adversely affecting the engine, and the cooling water that leaks while the engine is stopped will flow back through the exhaust passage to the combustion chamber of the engine. Reached, resulting in inconvenience such as making the engine unstartable.

This problem becomes more remarkable as the heat exchange rate of the exhaust gas heat exchanger 9 increases, and becomes more remarkable when heavy fuel oil or the like having high economy is used as the fuel for the engine.

In order to deal with this, it is conceivable to form the exhaust gas heat exchanger 9 with a material having a long service life (corrosion resistance). However, if these materials are used, the material cost is increased and the product cost is increased. The cost is inevitably increased and even with these materials it is difficult to prevent corrosion completely.

On the other hand, the cooling water sent to the outdoor second heat exchanger 7 in a state where the temperature is further raised by the exhaust gas heat exchanger 9 is transferred to the engine at the heat radiating portion 8a in the heat exchanger 7. This heat exchanger 7 which releases heat obtained from cooling water and exhaust gas
The heat is recovered by the refrigerant in the heat exchanger 3a of the refrigerant passage 3 formed inside.

This heat recovery is effective in heating the refrigerant when the indoor first heat exchanger 5 is heating or generating hot water, but the indoor first heat is recovered. When the exchanger 5 is performing cooling or the like, it is desirable that the temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant passage 3 is low.
It is not desirable that the temperature of the refrigerant rises due to heat recovery from 8a.

Therefore, a directional control valve 8b is provided in the cooling water passage 8 and, when cooling or the like is being performed by the first heat exchanger 5 on the indoor side, the directional control valve 8b is used to cool the second directional control valve 8b. The heat is guided to another heat radiating portion 8c arranged near the heat radiating portion 8a of the heat exchanger 7, and the heat is radiated through the heat radiating portion 8c.

Therefore, in the above prior art, the cooling water passage 8 is branched to
It is necessary to interpose a directional control valve 8b at this branch point, and further, it is necessary to provide two heat radiating portions for the cooling water.
There is a problem that maintenance becomes complicated and it is difficult to reduce the cost of the heat pump device.

[Purpose of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances. Even if a highly economical fuel such as heavy oil is used and the heat exchange rate is improved, the exhaust gas heat exchanger will be corroded. With a simple structure of the cooling water passage of the engine, downsizing of the entire device can be realized, and further, maintenance is easy and cost can be reduced. There is.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the heat pump device according to the present invention, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected to communicate with each other through a refrigerant passage, and the engine passage is compressed into the refrigerant passage. And a heat pump device in which a directional control valve for changing the flow direction of the refrigerant is interposed, a cooling water passage for the engine is provided in the one heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is close to the heat exchanger. The heat radiating portion of the exhaust gas passage is disposed on the side of the cooling water passage, while the fan capable of changing the air blowing direction is disposed in the heat exchanger as desired.

[Operation] In the heat pump apparatus of the present invention, one heat exchanger is installed, for example, indoors, and the heat exchanger having the cooling water passage inserted therein is provided, for example, outdoors, and the indoor heat exchanger is installed. When heating water, air, etc. by means of the fan, air is blown by the fan with the heat radiation side of the exhaust gas passage upstream.
When the indoor heat exchanger is used for cooling, the fan is used to blow air with the heat radiating portion side being the downstream side.

[Embodiment of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a heat pump device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of an embodiment of a heat pump device according to the present invention.

In this figure, reference numeral 11 is a first heat exchanger which is arranged, for example, indoors and is used as a condenser during heating and hot water generation, and as an evaporator during cooling and cold water generation. A fan 12 is installed opposite to the first heat exchanger 11.

Reference numeral 13 is a heat exchange unit that is installed outdoors, for example, with respect to the first heat exchanger 11. The first heat exchanger 11 and the heat exchange unit 13 are filled with a refrigerant,
The refrigerant passages 14 formed in a circulating manner communicate with each other, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant passages 14 is circulated between the first heat exchanger 11 and the heat exchange unit 13.

A plurality of expansion valves 16 and 17 are provided in one of the refrigerant passages 14 between the first heat exchanger 11 and the heat exchange unit 13. These expansion valves 16 and 17 have bypass passages 16a and 17a, respectively.
Check valves 16b and 17b directed in opposite directions are provided in the bypass passages 16a and 17a, respectively, and when the refrigerant passes through one expansion valve 16, another expansion valve is provided. 17
The bypass valves 17a and 17b bypass the bypass passage 17a so that the plurality of expansion valves 16 and 17 are not used at the same time.

A second heat exchanger 18 used as an evaporator during heating and as a condenser during cooling is provided in the heat exchange unit 13, and the refrigerant passage 14 has a second heat exchanger 18 therein. Has been inserted into.

An opening 13b is formed in a portion of the heat exchange unit 13 corresponding to the second heat exchanger 18, while a flow port 13a is formed in the upper portion of the heat exchange unit 13 and the flow port 13a is formed. A fan 19 capable of changing the rotation direction is installed. By changing the rotation direction, the air blown by the fan 19 is communicated from the opening 13b side through the second heat exchanger 18 to the communication port 13a. It can be changed in the direction and vice versa.

A four-way valve 21, which is an example of a directional control valve, is installed in the refrigerant passage 14 on the side where the expansion valves 16 and 17 are not installed. The refrigerant passage 14 is branched via this four-way valve 21 and communicates with a compressor 22. While the refrigerant in the refrigerant passage 14 is compressed by the compressor 22, the four-way valve 21 is operated. This makes it possible to change the flow direction of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 22.

The compressor 22 is connected to the engine 23 via a clutch 23a. The engine 23 is provided with a cooling water passage 24. The cooling water passage 24 extends from the engine 23 and is inserted into the second heat exchanger 18.
Of the engine 23.
Has been inserted into. Further, a pump 24a for feeding cooling water and a reserve tank 24b storing the cooling water are provided in the middle of the cooling water passage 24.

Further, an exhaust gas passage 26 of the engine 23 is provided on one side of the engine 23, and the exhaust gas passage 26 is provided in the heat exchange unit 13 with the second heat exchanger 18 and the opening 13b. After being guided between the heat exchange unit 13 and
It is exposed to the outside, and the muffler 28 is interposed in the exposed portion.

While a space between the engine 23 and the heat exchange unit 13 in the exhaust gas passage 26 is covered with a heat insulating member 27, the second heat exchanger 18 and the opening 13b in the exhaust gas passage 26 are separated from each other. A radiating fin 26a is provided in a portion provided between the radiating fins 26a, and the portion provided with the radiating fins 26a serves as a radiating portion 26b. The exhaust heat of the engine 23 is dissipated by the heat dissipating fins 26a and propagated toward the second heat exchanger 18 or toward the opening 13b.

Next, the operation of the embodiment having the above configuration will be described.

First, for example, in the case where heating or hot water is generated in the first heat exchanger 11 installed indoors, the four-way valve 21 provided in the refrigerant passage 14 is operated to operate the compressor 22. The refrigerant compressed by is set to flow down toward the first heat exchanger 11 on the indoor side, the operation of the engine 23 is further started, and the fan 19 installed in the heat exchange unit 13 is set.
Is set so that the air blown by the fan 19 goes from the opening 13b side to the communication port 13a side.

Next, when the clutch 23 is connected, the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant passage 14 allows the four-way valve 21, the first heat exchanger 11 on the indoor side, the bypass passage 16a of the expansion valve 16, the expansion valve 17, the heat exchange. After passing through the second heat exchanger 18 in the unit 13, it is circulated again in the order of the compressor 22 via the four-way valve 21.

Meanwhile, the heat recovered by the second heat exchanger 18 in the heat exchange unit 13 is released by the first heat exchanger 11 on the indoor side, and the released heat is delivered by the fan 12 by the fan 12.
By being sent to the opposite side of 12, for example, the room is heated or hot water is generated.

Further, during this time, the cooling water of the engine 23 is supplied to the cooling water passage 2 by the action of the pump 24a interposed in the cooling water passage 24.
The heat circulated through the engine 4 and recovered from the engine 23 is radiated to the opening 13b side of the refrigerant passage 14 inserted into the outdoor second heat exchanger 18. At this time, as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG.
By blowing air from the b side to the circulation port 13a side, the second heat exchanger
The heat radiation from the cooling water passage 24 of 18 is transmitted to the refrigerant in the refrigerant passage 14 by this air blow, and the temperature of this refrigerant is raised.

Further, the exhaust heat of the engine 23 is introduced into the heat exchange unit 13 through the exhaust gas passage 26, and the second heat exchanger 18
And the opening 13b between the heat dissipation portion 26b of the exhaust gas passage 26.
Radiated from. As described above, the second from the opening 13b side
Since the fan 19 blows air to the heat exchanger 18 side, the heat radiation from the heat radiation portion 26b is not discharged from the opening portion 13b to the outside of the heat exchange unit 13, and is all the second heat radiation.
Is transferred to the heat exchanger 18 direction.

Since the space between the engine 23 and the heat exchange unit 13 in the exhaust gas passage 26 is covered with the heat insulating member 27, there is almost no decrease in the temperature of the exhaust gas at this portion. Further, the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water passage 24 inserted into the second heat exchanger 18 is about 80 ° to 90 ° C., and the heat of the cooling water is blown by the fan 19 to the second heat exchanger. Refrigerant passage at 18
Since it is transmitted to the 14 refrigerants, the temperature of this refrigerant is efficiently raised.

Then, the refrigerant whose temperature has been raised is conveyed by the compressor 22 to, for example, the first heat exchanger 11 installed indoors, and is diverged by the fan 12 opposite to the first heat exchanger 11. For example, the room is heated or hot water is generated.

Further, when, for example, cooling or generating cold water is performed in the indoor first heat exchanger 11, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 22 is operated by operating the four-way valve 21 so that the heat exchange unit 13 The fan 19 installed in the heat exchange unit 13 is opened from the communication port 13a side as shown by the first dashed-dotted line arrow in which the air blown by the fan 19 is set. It is set so as to face the part 13b side.

When the compressor 23 is operated by the engine 23 and the rotation of the fan 19 is started in this state, the refrigerant in the refrigerant passage 14 is circulated in the opposite direction to the above, and the indoor first heat exchanger is circulated.
The heat recovered in 11 is released in the second heat exchanger 18 in the heat exchange unit 13.

Inside the heat exchange unit 13, the fan 19 provides a communication port.
Atmosphere is taken in from the side of 13a and is discharged from the opening 13b via the second heat exchanger 18 and the exhaust gas passage 26,
The heat radiation from the refrigerant passage 14 of the second heat exchanger 18 is released to the outside from the opening 13b by this air blow, and the temperature of this refrigerant is lowered.

Further, the cooling water of the engine 23 fed to the second heat exchanger 18 has a cooling water passage 24 in the second heat exchanger 18 which is downstream of the air blown by the fan 19 than the refrigerant passage 14. Therefore, the temperature of the cooling water is lowered without the heat radiation from the cooling water passage 24 affecting the refrigerant temperature of the refrigerant passage 14.

Further, the heat radiated from the heat radiating portion 26b of the exhaust gas passage 26 is blown by the fan 19, so that the heat exchange unit 13 is blown by the blown air without affecting the temperature of the refrigerant.
The temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered by being discharged to the outside of the exhaust gas.

In this embodiment, the exhaust gas passage 26 is covered by the heat insulating member 27 between the engine 23 and the heat exchange unit 13, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas at this portion is prevented from decreasing.
This has the effect that the temperature of the refrigerant is likely to rise more easily during heating or when hot water is generated.

In the present embodiment, an example in which a single fan 19 configured to be able to change the rotation direction is installed is described as an example of the fan, but the configuration of the fan should not be limited to this example. For example, it is possible to change the blowing direction by providing a plurality of fans that are directed in opposite directions.

Further, in the present embodiment, the example in which the four-way valve 21 is interposed in the refrigerant passage 14 as an example of the direction control valve has been described.
The directional control valve installed in 14 should not be limited to the above-mentioned four-way valve, but it is also possible to install, for example, a 4-port 2-position switching valve.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, in the heat pump device according to the present invention, the exhaust heat of the engine is transferred to the refrigerant by the blowing of the fan, so fuel such as heavy oil is used at a high economical efficiency, and the heat exchange rate is further increased. Even if it is improved, it is possible to completely prevent the occurrence of defects such as corrosion in the exhaust gas heat exchanger.

Also, because the structure of the engine cooling water passage is simple,
The entire device can be downsized, easy to maintain, and
This has the effect that the cost of this heat pump device can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of a heat pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an overall schematic view of a conventional heat pump device. 11 …… First heat exchanger 14 …… Refrigerant passage 18 …… Second heat exchanger 19 …… Fan 22 …… Compressor 23 …… Engine 24 …… Cooling water passage 26 …… Exhaust gas passage 26b… … Heat dissipation part

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger are communicated with each other through a refrigerant passage, and an engine-driven compressor and a directional control valve for changing a flow direction of the refrigerant are provided in the refrigerant passage. In the heat pump device in which the cooling water passage of the engine is provided in the one heat exchanger, and the heat radiation of the exhaust gas passage is provided to the cooling water passage side in the vicinity of the heat exchanger. A heat pump device characterized in that a fan capable of changing a blowing direction is arranged so as to face the heat exchanger while the portion is arranged.