JPH0647992B2 - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a rotary compressor used in a refrigerating device such as a refrigerator or a showcase.

2. Description of the Related Art In a device that cools the inside of a refrigerator by cycling a compressor, when stopped, the high temperature refrigerant present on the high pressure side in the system flows into the low pressure cooler and becomes a heat load. Will increase. In order to prevent this phenomenon, a technique has been proposed in which the low-pressure side and high-pressure side refrigerant passages are closed in the compressor when stopped.

The conventional compressor described above will be described below with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 6, 1 is a rotary compressor, 2 is a closed container, 3 is a cylinder plate, 3a is a cylinder, 4 is a crankshaft, and a roller 5 is slidably disposed on an eccentric portion 4a thereof. Reference numeral 6 is a vane that partitions the interior of the compression chamber 7 into high and low pressure chambers. Reference numeral 8 is a suction valve that serves as a check valve, and closes a suction port that communicates with a suction pipe (not shown). Further, 9 is a discharge valve, and the refrigerant gas compressed in the compression chamber 7 passes through the discharge valve 9 and is discharged into the closed container 2.
Reference numeral 10 denotes a high pressure valve that is opened when the rotary compressor 1 is in operation and closed when it is stopped. This high pressure valve 10
A high-pressure side outlet port 12 that communicates with a discharge pipe 11 that penetrates the closed vessel 2 and a high-pressure side inlet port 13 that always communicates with the closed vessel 2 are provided. In addition, the suction passage 1 is connected to the pressure guiding pipe 14.
5 is provided with a low-pressure side port 16. A ball valve 17 alternately opens and closes the high pressure side outlet port 12 and the low pressure side port 16. A bias spring 18 always biases the ball valve 17 toward the high pressure side outlet port 12 side.

In such a configuration, when the compressor 1 is stopped, the pressure in the pressure guiding tube 14 and the pressure in the closed container 2 are balanced, and the force of the bias spring 18 and the difference between the pressure in the closed container 2 and the pressure on the cooling system side. The ball valve 17 closes the high pressure side outlet port 12 by the force generated by Therefore, the high-pressure high-temperature gas filling the space of the closed container 2 is
It does not flow out to the cooling system via the discharge pipe 11. At this time, the suction valve 8 that operates as a check valve is also closed, and the outflow to the cooling system via the suction pipe (not shown) is also prevented.

Next, the startup will be described. Due to the start-up, the pressure in the low pressure chamber in the compression chamber 7 decreases and the pressures in the suction passage 15 and the pressure guiding pipe 14 decrease, causing a pressure difference between the high pressure side inlet port 13 side and the low pressure port 16 side of the high pressure valve 10, resulting in a high pressure. The ball valve 17 attached to the side outlet port 12 is attached to the bias spring 18
The high pressure side outlet port 12 is opened, the ball valve 17 is adsorbed and sealed to the low pressure side port 16,
It is a normal operation.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, the ball valve 17 is pulled out from the high pressure side outlet port due to the existence of the clearance between the ball valve 17 and the valve cylinder 19 on which the ball valve 17 slides. The pressure of the low pressure side port, which is the valve opening force, is difficult to reduce and it is necessary to keep the clearance to a minimum, but this not only increases the processing cost of processing accuracy, matching assembly, etc. In the worst case, foreign matter such as abrasion powder generated from the rotating and sliding parts inside the clearance enters the clearance, and in the worst case, the ball valve 17 also has a phenomenon similar to the hydraulic lock phenomenon found in general spool valves. 17 may cause inoperability. In order to avoid the decrease in clearance,
It is conceivable to increase the effective pressure receiving area of the ball valve 17, but this not only increases the space for incorporating the high pressure valve 10, but also causes a problem such as the generation of impact noise during operation due to the increase in weight. Further, in the illustrated conventional example, since a soft metal such as brass that can easily form a three-dimensional curved surface is used as the port of the ball valve 17, the number of parts and the number of assembling steps are increased. In addition, the cost of the pressure guiding pipe 14 is unavoidably increased, and the reduction of the required pressure due to the pressure loss of the passage deteriorates.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention makes it possible to obtain the necessary pressure difference at the time of startup without reducing the clearance or increasing the effective pressure receiving area of the valve, and also to reduce the mounting space and the number of parts. The purpose is to reduce the manufacturing cost.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, a rotary compressor of the present invention is rotatably housed in a side plate, a cylinder plate, and the cylinder plate which are provided in a closed container and constitute a compression chamber. A rotor, a vane that divides the compression chamber into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber, a high pressure side inlet port that communicates with the internal space of the closed container, a high pressure side outlet port that communicates with the discharge pipe, and a pressure guide to the low pressure chamber. A low pressure side port communicating through a passage, a disk-shaped high pressure valve having one side surface closing the low pressure side port and the other side surface closing the high pressure side inlet port and the high pressure side outlet port, and the high pressure side The high pressure valve is slidably movable between a position where the valve closes the low pressure side port and a position where the high pressure side inlet port and the high pressure side outlet port are closed. A valve cylinder for accommodating and a biasing means for biasing the high pressure valve toward the high pressure side inlet port and the high pressure side outlet port, and the pressure guiding path and the low pressure side port are formed in the cylinder plate. -ing

Operation According to the present invention, since the high-pressure inlet port and the outlet port are simultaneously closed at the time of start-up by the above-mentioned configuration, the pressure drop of the low-pressure side port can be realized extremely rapidly,
Therefore, it is possible to open the high pressure valve that is strongly adsorbed to the high pressure outlet port by the force generated by the difference between the system internal pressure that is reduced when stopped and the internal pressure of the closed container that is maintained at a substantially high pressure. After the initial separation, the low pressure side port is closed immediately. Immediately after the stop, the pressure in the cylinder rapidly balances with the pressure in the closed container via, for example, the clearance between the vane and the cylinder. On the other hand, since the pressure guiding path and the low pressure side port are formed in the cylinder plate, the conventional pressure guiding tube is not necessary and the pressure balance between the low pressure side port and the hermetically sealed container can be achieved in a short time. Is separated in a short time, and the high-pressure side inlet and outlet ports are rapidly closed by the bias spring force.

Embodiment One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 50 is a rotary compressor, 51
Is an airtight container, 52 is an electric element including a rotor 52a and a stator 52b, and 53 is a compression element. 54 is the rotor 5
The side plate 55 by the crank shaft press-fitted and fixed to 2a,
The bearings 55a and 56a formed on the shaft 56 are rotatably supported. Reference numeral 57 denotes a cylinder plate on which a rotor 58 mounted on the eccentric portion 54a of the crankshaft 54 is rotatably mounted. Reference numeral 59 is a vane that partitions a compression chamber 60 defined by the outer periphery of the rotor 58, the inner periphery of the cylinder plate 57, and the side plates 55 and 56 into a low pressure chamber 61 and a high pressure chamber 62, and 59a is a vane groove. Reference numeral 63 is a bolt for superimposing and fixing the side plates 55, 56 and the cylinder plate 57. Reference numeral 64 designates the refrigerant gas from the evaporator 65 and the compression chamber 6
The suction pipe leading to 0, the press-fitting bore 6 of the side plate 55.
It is press-fitted and fixed to 5. An end plate end surface of the press-fitting bore 65 on the cylinder plate 57 side forms a valve seat surface of a disc-shaped intake valve 66. The suction valve 66 is housed in a suction passage 67 that is connected to the press-fitting bore 65, is close to the vane 59, and communicates with the cylinder 59, and a bias spring 68 that keeps the valve 66 closed with a weak force at all times.
Is stored. Reference numeral 69 is a step portion that regulates the movement of the suction valve 66 when it is opened. Reference numeral 70 denotes a discharge valve for discharging the compressed refrigerant gas in the compression chamber 60 directly or via a precooler pipe (not shown) into the closed container 51 (FIG. 2). Reference numeral 71 is a high-pressure valve device, which is arranged at substantially the same height as the crankshaft 54. The high pressure valve 71 includes a plurality of high pressure side inlet ports 72 extending in the side plate 55 in the axial direction of the crankshaft 54, and a closed container 5.
High pressure side outlet port 7 communicating with the discharge pipe 73 passing through 1.
It is equipped with 4. Further, the cylinder plate 57 is provided with a common valve cylinder 75 formed corresponding to each of the adjacent ports 72 and 74, and a low pressure side port 76 is formed at the bottom of the valve cylinder 75. 7
Reference numeral 7 denotes a disk-shaped high pressure valve, which can close the inlet and outlet ports 72 and 74 on one side and can close the low pressure side port 76 on the other side. Reference numeral 78 is a bias spring that always biases the high pressure side inlet and outlet ports 72 and 74 to be closed. Reference numeral 79 denotes a pressure guide passage formed in the cylinder plate 57 that directly communicates with the low pressure chamber 61 of the compression chamber 60 from the low pressure side port 76 and the opening 76a on the side plate 56 side, and the opening 76a is closed by the side plate 56. It

The operation of the rotary compressor configured as described above will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows a stopped state, the low pressure valve 66 acting as a check valve is closed, and the high pressure valve 77 closes both the high pressure side inlet port 72 and the high pressure side outlet port 74 at the same time. There is. At this time, the high pressure valve 77 controls the pressure difference between the upstream side and the downstream side of the high pressure side outlet port 74, that is, the evaporator 6
5 is closed by the force due to the pressure difference between the condensing saturation pressure at the temperature of the cooling chamber in which 5 is arranged and the saturation pressure at the temperature of the closed container 51 and a slight bias spring 78 force.

Therefore, the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the closed container 51 is prevented from flowing into the condenser 80 and the evaporator 65, and the heat load invading the evaporator 65 is reduced.

Next, the startup will be described.

The crankshaft 54 is rotated by energization of the electric element 52, and the pressure in the low pressure chamber 61 of the compression chamber 60 is reduced. This pressure drop occurs even in a relatively rough clearance (for example, about 0.1 mm) between the high pressure valve 77 and the valve cylinder 75.
Since the high pressure side inlet port 72 is closed, it is surely performed in an extremely short time. This pressure drop is naturally caused by the pressure guiding passage 7
9, the pressure in the low pressure side port 76 and the valve cylinder 75 decreases, and the high pressure side inlet port 72, that is, the pressure difference in the closed container 51 and the pressure in the valve cylinder 75 acts on the high pressure valve 77, and the high pressure side outlet port 72 is strongly The high pressure valve 77 adsorbed on the side is released. After the initial pull-out operation of the high pressure valve 77, the dynamic pressure of the gas flow is also added, and the high pressure valve 77 closes the low pressure side port 76 against the force of the bias spring 78, completing the valve opening operation. On the other hand, the intake valve 66 is also opened, and the normal cooling operation is performed.

Next, the operation when stopped will be described.

When the rotation of the crankshaft 54 is stopped, the suction valve 66 is closed by stopping the gas flow in the suction pipe 64. Also cylinder 6
The oil seal that divides the inside of 0 into the high-pressure chamber 62 and the low-pressure chamber 61 is broken, and the high-pressure gas in the closed container 51 pressurizes the low-pressure chamber 61 from the clearance between the vane 59 and the vane groove 59a, for example. This pressure increasing action extends to the low pressure side port 76 through the pressure guiding path 79 and the volume of the pressure guiding path 79 can be made small, so that the pressure increasing time can be shortened. Low pressure side port 76
When the internal pressure and the internal pressure of the closed container 51 are equalized, the high pressure valve 77 causes the low pressure side port 7 to operate by the force of the bias spring 78.
6, high pressure side inlet port 72 and high pressure side outlet port 7
Close 4 at the same time.

Therefore, the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the closed container 51 is prevented from flowing out to the condenser 80 and the evaporator 65 while the compressor is stopped.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, the rotary compressor of the present invention communicates with the high pressure side inlet port communicating with the internal space of the closed container, the high pressure side outlet port communicating with the discharge pipe, and the low pressure chamber via the pressure guiding path. A low-pressure side port, a disk-shaped high-pressure valve whose one side surface closes the low-pressure side port and the other side surface closes the high-pressure side inlet port and the high-pressure side outlet port, and the high-pressure valve is the low-pressure side port. A valve cylinder accommodating the high-pressure valve so as to be slidable between a position for closing the high-pressure side inlet port and a position for closing the high-pressure side inlet port and the high-pressure side outlet port; Since the pressure guide path and the low pressure side port are formed in the cylinder plate, there is a biasing means for urging the high pressure side outlet port side. It is not necessary to reduce the clearance between the rule valve and the valve cylinder on which this valve slides, and it is possible to surely reduce the pressure in the low pressure side port, which is the valve opening driving force of the high pressure valve, in an extremely short time. Therefore, not only a stable valve opening operation can be obtained, but also machining accuracy and assembly accuracy can be relaxed and productivity can be improved. Furthermore, the locking phenomenon of the valve due to foreign matter does not occur. Further, the effective area of the valve is not increased, the valve can be made compact, and the operating noise is not increased. On the other hand, in the valve opening operation, since the pressure guiding path that directly communicates with the low pressure chamber of the compression chamber is formed, not only the parts such as the pressure guiding tube are unnecessary but also the pressure guiding path volume is reduced, and the low pressure side after the stop. It has many practical effects such as shortening the time for increasing the pressure in the port and shortening the time for closing the high pressure side outlet port.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are II-II 'and III lines in FIG.
-III 'cross-sectional view, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing the open state of the high-pressure valve device, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an essential part of the cylinder plate, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional rotary compressor. is there. 51 ... Airtight container, 55, 56 ... Side plate, 5
7 ... Cylinder plate, 58 ... Rotor, 59 ... Vane, 60 ... Compression chamber, 61 ... Low pressure chamber, 62 ... High pressure chamber, 72 ... High pressure side inlet port, 73 ... Discharge pipe, 74
...... High pressure side outlet port, 75 ...... Valve cylinder, 76
...... Low pressure side port, 77 ...... High pressure valve, 78 ...... Bias spring, 79 ...... Pressure guide path.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A side plate which is provided in a hermetic container and constitutes a compression chamber, a cylinder plate, and a rotor which is rotatably accommodated in the cylinder plate, and a vane which divides the compression chamber into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber. A high-pressure side inlet port that communicates with the internal space of the closed container, a high-pressure side outlet port that communicates with the discharge pipe, a low-pressure side port that communicates with the low-pressure chamber via a pressure passage, and one side surface of the low-pressure side A disk-shaped high-pressure valve closing the port and closing the high-pressure side inlet port and the high-pressure side outlet port on the other side;
A valve cylinder for accommodating the high-pressure valve so that the high-pressure valve closes the low-pressure side port and a position for closing the high-pressure side inlet port and the high-pressure side outlet port, and the high-pressure valve is housed therein. Of the high pressure side inlet port and the high pressure side outlet port, and the pressure guide path and the low pressure side port are formed in the cylinder plate.