JPH065122U - Battery status detector - Google Patents
Battery status detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH065122U JPH065122U JP4834492U JP4834492U JPH065122U JP H065122 U JPH065122 U JP H065122U JP 4834492 U JP4834492 U JP 4834492U JP 4834492 U JP4834492 U JP 4834492U JP H065122 U JPH065122 U JP H065122U
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- storage battery
- pressure sensitive
- detection electrode
- contact
- internal pressure
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y02E60/12—
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 蓄電池の充電終期状態を適確に検出する。
【構成】 蓋１１に形成された圧力感応部１であって、
蓄電池の内部圧力に連動して変位するよう構成されたも
のと、圧力感応部１１に一体に形成された検出電極２で
あって、その一端２ａは蓄電池内部のセパータ５に常時
接触し、他の一端２ｂは蓄電池外部に突出しており、圧
力感応部１の変位に連動して変位するよう構成されたも
のと、蓄電池外部に配設された金属接片３であって、充
電制御回路に接続されたものとを備え、蓄電池の内部圧
力の変化により検出電極２と金属接片３とが接離するよ
う構成する。
(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To accurately detect the end-of-charge state of a storage battery. [Structure] A pressure sensitive portion 1 formed on a lid 11,
The detection electrode 2 formed integrally with the pressure sensitive portion 11 and configured to be displaced in association with the internal pressure of the storage battery, and one end 2a of the detection electrode 2 is constantly in contact with the separator 5 inside the storage battery. One end 2b is projected to the outside of the storage battery and is configured to be displaced in association with the displacement of the pressure sensitive portion 1, and a metal contact piece 3 arranged outside the storage battery, which is connected to the charging control circuit. It is configured such that the detection electrode 2 and the metal contact piece 3 come into contact with and separate from each other due to a change in the internal pressure of the storage battery.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
本考案は、蓄電池状態検出装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a storage battery state detection device.
【０００２】[0002]
鉛蓄電池に開放形と密閉形とがあることは周知の通りであり、充放電特性や寿 命特性もおのづと異なる。 It is well known that there are open type and closed type lead-acid batteries, and their charging and discharging characteristics and life characteristics are also different.
【０００３】 開放形の鉛蓄電池については、歴史が古い関係上、蓄電池状態を検出するため の数多くの提案がなされている。例えば、蓄電池の使用に伴って減少する電解液 の液面を検出したり、蓄電池容量と電解液比重とが相関関係を有することに着目 し、充放電により変化する電解液比重を検出したりして、蓄電池の状態を検出し ようとするものである。With respect to the open type lead storage battery, many proposals have been made to detect the storage battery state because of its long history. For example, detecting the liquid surface of the electrolyte that decreases with the use of the storage battery, or noting that the storage battery capacity and the specific gravity of the electrolyte have a correlation, and detecting the specific gravity of the electrolyte that changes due to charging and discharging. Then, it tries to detect the state of the storage battery.
【０００４】 一方、密閉形鉛蓄電池の場合には、液口部が開閉できないことや、内部に流動 電解液が存在しないことにより、電解液量や比重測定ができないため、蓄電池状 態を検出することが困難である。現在提案されているものとしては、開路電圧変 化による容量判定によるものぐらいである。On the other hand, in the case of a sealed lead-acid battery, the state of the storage battery is detected because the amount of electrolyte and the specific gravity cannot be measured because the liquid outlet cannot be opened or closed and there is no flowing electrolyte inside. Is difficult. Currently, the only proposals are those based on capacity judgment by changing the open circuit voltage.
【０００５】[0005]
密閉形鉛蓄電池は開放形鉛蓄電池に比べ充電が難しく、所定値以上の充電電流 で充電すると、内部で発生したガスが陰極板で完全には吸収されなくなり、発生 ガスの一部が外部に排気されて電解液中の水分が減少し除々に内部抵抗が増大し 、最終的にはセパレ−タ部が乾燥状態となり通電不能となって寿命に至る。開放 形であれば液面状態を検出し補水することにより蓄電池容量を再生することがで きるが、密閉形ではこのような処置をとることができない。このため、密閉形の 方が開放形よりも蓄電池状態検出の必要性が高い、とも言える。しかし、前述し たように好適な状態検出装置が現在無いため、開放形に使用するものよりも精度 の高い充電器を使用して充電を行っている。充電末期には充電電流を減小させる 機能を付加している場合もある。 The sealed lead-acid battery is more difficult to charge than the open-type lead-acid battery, and when it is charged with a charging current higher than a specified value, the internally generated gas is not completely absorbed by the cathode plate and some of the generated gas is exhausted to the outside. As a result, the water content in the electrolytic solution decreases, and the internal resistance gradually increases. Eventually, the separator part becomes dry and current cannot be energized to reach the end of its life. With the open type, the storage battery capacity can be regenerated by detecting the liquid level and replenishing water, but with the closed type, such measures cannot be taken. Therefore, it can be said that the sealed type has a higher need for detecting the state of the storage battery than the open type. However, as mentioned above, there is currently no suitable state detection device, so charging is performed using a charger with higher accuracy than the open type. In some cases, a function to reduce the charging current is added at the end of charging.
【０００６】 密閉形鉛蓄電池の充電方法としては、定電圧・定電流方式が主に採用されてい る。しかし、この方式の充電器は、開放形のものによく使用される準定電圧方式 の充電器に比較すると、コストが高い。そのため、密閉形鉛蓄電池用の適当な電 池状態検出装置が開発され完全充電状態を検出し充電遮断が可能となれば、充電 器の回路は大幅に簡素化でき、準定電圧充電器、簡易形充電器等の安価なもので も、信頼性の高い充電制御が可能となる。A constant voltage / constant current method is mainly used as a method for charging a sealed lead acid battery. However, the cost of this type of charger is higher than that of the quasi-constant voltage type charger that is often used for open type chargers. Therefore, if an appropriate battery state detection device for sealed lead-acid batteries is developed and it is possible to detect the full charge state and cut off the charge, the charger circuit can be greatly simplified, and a quasi-constant voltage charger, simple Charge control with high reliability is possible even with inexpensive chargers such as battery chargers.
【０００７】 密閉形鉛蓄電池の状態検出が困難なことは既に述べた通りである。密閉形の充 電電圧は開放形のものより不規則な場合が多く、充電電圧のみにたより充電制御 すると大変な事故を招きうる。というのも、密閉形の場合、使用初期には電解液 量が豊富なため開放形の場合と同様の特性を有し密閉反応効率が低く充電終末電 圧は開放形のように高くなるが、使用末期では余分な水分が完全にガスとなって 排気され陰極板へのガス接触面積が大きくなるため密閉反応効率が上昇し充電終 末電圧が大幅に低下するので、充電終期電圧は経年により除々に低下し、充電電 圧のみで蓄電池状態を判定することは出来ないからである。従って、精度の高い 充電器を用いたとしても、限流機能などを付加しないと過電流により蓄電池が焼 損してしまうこともある。As described above, it is difficult to detect the state of the sealed lead storage battery. The charging voltage of the closed type is often more irregular than that of the open type, and controlling the charging based on only the charging voltage can cause a serious accident. This is because the sealed type has the same characteristics as the open type at the beginning of use because the amount of electrolyte is abundant, and the sealing reaction efficiency is low and the end-of-charge voltage is high like the open type. At the end of use, the excess water is completely discharged as a gas and the gas contact area with the cathode plate increases, so the sealing reaction efficiency increases and the end-of-charge voltage drops drastically. This is because the state of the storage battery cannot be judged only by the charging voltage. Therefore, even if a highly accurate charger is used, the storage battery may burn due to overcurrent unless a current limiting function is added.
【０００８】 この考案は、上記のような課題を解決するために成されたものであり、その目 的とするところは、蓄電池、とりわけ密閉形鉛蓄電池の状態を適確に検出し、良 好な充電制御を可能にするにはどのような手段を講ずればよいか、と言う点にあ る。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to accurately detect the state of a storage battery, in particular, a sealed lead storage battery, and What kind of measures should be taken to enable proper charging control?
【０００９】[0009]
そこで、蓋に形成された圧力感応部であって、蓄電池の内部圧力に連動して変 位するよう構成されたものと、圧力感応部に一体に形成された検出電極であって 、その一端は蓄電池内部のセパータに常時接触し、他の一端は蓄電池外部に突出 しており、圧力感応部の変位に連動して変位するよう構成されたものと、蓄電池 外部に配設された金属接片であって、充電制御回路に接続されたものとを備え、 蓄電池の内部圧力の変化により検出電極と金属接片とが接離するよう構成された 蓄電池状態検出装置、とすることにより前記課題を解決せんとするものである。 Therefore, there are a pressure sensitive part formed on the lid, which is configured to change in conjunction with the internal pressure of the storage battery, and a detection electrode integrally formed on the pressure sensitive part, one end of which is It is in constant contact with the separator inside the storage battery, and the other end protrudes outside the storage battery.It is configured to be displaced in conjunction with the displacement of the pressure sensitive part and the metal contact placed outside the storage battery. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a storage battery state detection device is provided which is connected to a charge control circuit and is configured such that the detection electrode and the metal contact piece are brought into contact with and separated from each other by a change in internal pressure of the storage battery. It is something to do.
【００１０】[0010]
密閉形蓄電池の特徴の１つは、開放形蓄電池と異なり、内部圧力が変化するこ とである。この内部圧力は、正常な充電のもとでは減圧状態となり、過充電状態 では加圧状態となる。蓋に形成された圧力感応部に一体に形成された検出電極と 、蓄電池外部に配設された金属接片であって充電制御回路に接続されたものとは 、蓄電池の内部圧力の変化により接離するよう構成されていると共に、検出電極 の一端は常に蓄電池内部のセパレータと接触させてある。従って、検出電極と金 属接片とが接触する状態、すなわち充電末期のガスにより蓄電池内部圧力が上昇 した状態に至れば、ここから電気信号として充電制御回路に出力される。これに より、蓄電池の使用経過期間にかかわらず、過充電を避ぎ、良好かつ正確な充電 制御を行うことができる。 One of the features of the sealed storage battery is that the internal pressure changes, unlike the open storage battery. This internal pressure becomes a depressurized state under normal charging and a pressurized state under overcharged state. The detection electrode formed integrally with the pressure sensitive part formed on the lid and the metal contact piece arranged outside the storage battery and connected to the charge control circuit are connected by the change in the internal pressure of the storage battery. In addition to being separated, one end of the detection electrode is always in contact with the separator inside the storage battery. Therefore, when the detection electrode and the metal contact come into contact with each other, that is, when the internal pressure of the storage battery rises due to the gas at the end of charging, the electric signal is output from here to the charging control circuit. As a result, overcharging can be avoided and good and accurate charge control can be performed regardless of the elapsed period of use of the storage battery.
【００１１】[0011]
本考案を、１実施例の要部を示す図１により説明する。 The present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1, which shows the essential part of one embodiment.
【００１２】 １は電槽蓋１１に設けた圧力感応部であって、蓋１１の肉厚よりも薄く形成さ れている。これは、蓄電池の内部圧力の変化に応じて、容易に変形し、図面の上 下に変位させるためである。密閉形鉛蓄電池は、前述したように、外気圧に対し 最大０．２気圧程度まで低下する。仮りに圧力感応部１１が直径を３cmに円形と すると、Ｐ＝ 0.8（気圧）×1.5 2 ×3.14＝5.7 Ｋｇの加重が集中するため、こ の部分は１．０〜１．５ｍｍの肉厚とする必要がある。この厚みにしたとき、内 部圧力が０．２気圧に低下した時、圧力感応部１１が下方に湾曲する変位量は２ ｍｍであった。過充電時の内部圧力上昇に対しては、一般的に、排気弁が１．２ 〜１．３気圧で開放するように設定されたている。内部圧力が１．３気圧のとき 、この実施例では図面上方に１ｍｍ変位した。圧力感応部１１の変位量は、必要 に応じて適宜設計することができる。Reference numeral 1 denotes a pressure sensitive portion provided on the battery case lid 11, which is formed thinner than the wall thickness of the lid 11. This is because it easily deforms and displaces in the upper and lower parts of the drawing in accordance with changes in the internal pressure of the storage battery. As described above, the sealed lead-acid battery drops to a maximum pressure of about 0.2 atm relative to the external pressure. If the pressure sensitive part 11 has a circular shape with a diameter of 3 cm, a weight of P = 0.8 (atmospheric pressure) x 1.5 2 x 3.14 = 5.7 kg is concentrated, so this part has a wall thickness of 1.0 to 1.5 mm. And need to. With this thickness, when the internal pressure dropped to 0.2 atm, the amount of displacement of the pressure sensitive portion 11 bending downward was 2 mm. The exhaust valve is generally set to open at 1.2 to 1.3 atmospheric pressure with respect to the internal pressure rise during overcharge. When the internal pressure was 1.3 atm, in this example, the displacement was 1 mm above the drawing. The displacement amount of the pressure sensitive portion 11 can be appropriately designed as needed.
【００１３】 ２は、圧力感応部１１の中央部にブッシング６を介して一体に形成された検出 電極であって、その一端２ａは蓄電池内部のセパータ５に常時接触し、他の一端 ２ｂは蓄電池外部に突出するよう構成されている。従って、この検出電極２は、 圧力感応部１の変位に連動して図面上下に変位する。検出電極２は、常時セパレ −タ５に接触しているので、セパレ−タ５の電位、つまりこれに接触している極 板（図示せず）の電位、と同電位にある。密閉形鉛蓄電池のセパレ−タは保液性 の高いマットが使用されているため、振動などが発生しても検出電極２とセパレ −タ５とは常に密着状態にあり、電気的遮断状態が発生することはない。尚、ブ ッシング６は圧力感応部１１と検出電極２とのシ−ルを完全にするためのもので ある。この部分は、常に外気と大きな圧力差があり、外気が電池内に侵入するの を防ぐため、高い密封性を必要とする。Reference numeral 2 is a detection electrode integrally formed in the central portion of the pressure sensitive portion 11 via a bushing 6, one end 2a of which is always in contact with the separator 5 inside the storage battery, and the other end 2b of which is the storage battery. It is configured to project to the outside. Therefore, the detection electrode 2 is displaced up and down in the drawing in conjunction with the displacement of the pressure sensitive portion 1. Since the detection electrode 2 is always in contact with the separator 5, it has the same potential as the potential of the separator 5, that is, the potential of the electrode plate (not shown) in contact with it. The separator of the sealed lead-acid battery uses a mat with high liquid retention, so even if vibration occurs, the detection electrode 2 and the separator 5 are always in close contact with each other, and there is no electrical cutoff. It never happens. The bushing 6 is for completely sealing the pressure sensitive portion 11 and the detection electrode 2. This part always has a large pressure difference with the outside air, and requires high sealing performance to prevent outside air from entering the battery.
【００１４】 ３は蓄電池外部に配設された金属接片であって、充電制御回路に接続されてい る。検出電極２が図面上方に変位した場合、検出電極２の図面上端部２ｂと金属 接片３とが接触し、電気接点Ａが構成される。この実施例では、金属接片３はキ ャップ４にモ−ルドで固定されているとともに、一部は外部に導出されて出力端 子８が形成されている。前記接点部Ａと出力端子８とは、電解液等による接点腐 食を防止するため、キャップをネジ嵌合等させる等により、完全にシールされる 必要がある。Reference numeral 3 denotes a metal contact piece arranged outside the storage battery, which is connected to the charge control circuit. When the detection electrode 2 is displaced upward in the drawing, the upper end portion 2b of the detection electrode 2 in the drawing and the metal contact piece 3 come into contact with each other to form an electrical contact A. In this embodiment, the metal contact piece 3 is fixed to the cap 4 by a mold, and a part of the metal contact piece 3 is led out to form an output terminal 8. The contact portion A and the output terminal 8 must be completely sealed by, for example, fitting a cap with a screw in order to prevent corrosion of the contact due to an electrolytic solution or the like.
【００１５】 ９はセンサ−線１３の端末コンタクトであって、ハウジング１０内に固定され 、出力端子８に嵌合できるようになっている。Reference numeral 9 denotes a terminal contact of the sensor wire 13, which is fixed in the housing 10 and can be fitted into the output terminal 8.
【００１６】 密閉形蓄電池は、放置時あるいは正常充電状態には、蓄電池内部は必ず減圧状 態となっている。従って、上記実施例の構造においては、電気接点Ａは開放とな っており、出力端子８は無電圧となる。この場合、充電器遮断回路を“投入”状 態に回路構成すれば、電気接点Ａが閉じるまで充電が続行される。充電が進行擦 れば、充電終期のガス発生により蓄電池の内部圧力は上昇し、圧力感応部１が図 面上方に変位し、これと共に検出電極２も図面上方に変位して、金属接片３と導 通状態と成る。電気接点Ａが閉じた場合、出力端子８には電源電圧、つまり検出 電極２が挿入されたセルの電位があらわれ、センサ−線１３に充電遮断の信号が 送られ、充電が遮断される。従って、蓄電池の使用経過期間にかかわらず、過充 電を避ぎ、良好かつ正確な充電制御を行うことができる。A sealed storage battery is always in a decompressed state when left standing or in a normally charged state. Therefore, in the structure of the above-mentioned embodiment, the electric contact A is open and the output terminal 8 has no voltage. In this case, if the charger cutoff circuit is configured in the "closed" state, charging is continued until the electrical contact A is closed. If charging progresses, the internal pressure of the storage battery rises due to gas generation at the end of charging, the pressure sensitive part 1 is displaced upward in the drawing, and the detection electrode 2 is also displaced upward in the drawing, and the metal contact piece 3 is moved. And it becomes a conduction state. When the electrical contact A is closed, the power supply voltage, that is, the potential of the cell in which the detection electrode 2 is inserted appears at the output terminal 8, a charge cutoff signal is sent to the sensor line 13, and the charge is cut off. Therefore, overcharging can be avoided and good and accurate charge control can be performed regardless of the elapsed period of use of the storage battery.
【００１７】[0017]
以上、本考案にかかる蓄電池状態検出装置は、蓄電池の使用経過期間にかかわ らず充電終期には必ずガスが発生することに着目し、蓄電池内部圧力を検出する ことにより蓄電池状態を検出するものであり、とりわけ密閉形蓄電池の状態検出 に好適である。しかも、本蓄電池状態検出装置はセンサ−電源を蓄電池内エレメ ントとしているため電源線が不要であり、出力線を充電器制御回路に接続するの みで、充電器を制御擦ることができる。従って、従来、密閉形蓄電池を充電する 場合、専用の充電器を必要としたが、本状態検出装置を用いることにより、通常 の充電器でも安全に充電ができる。しかも、構成が簡単であり、安価である。従 って、本考案の実用的価値は大きい。 As described above, the storage battery state detection device according to the present invention detects the storage battery state by detecting the internal pressure of the storage battery, paying attention to the fact that gas is always generated at the end of charging regardless of the elapsed use period of the storage battery. In particular, it is suitable for detecting the state of a sealed storage battery. In addition, since the storage battery state detection device uses the sensor-power supply as an element in the storage battery, a power supply line is not required, and the charger can be controlled and rubbed only by connecting the output line to the charger control circuit. Therefore, in the past, when charging a sealed type storage battery, a dedicated charger was required, but by using this state detection device, even a normal charger can be charged safely. Moreover, the structure is simple and inexpensive. Therefore, the practical value of the present invention is great.
【図１】本考案の１実施例にかかる要部断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part according to an embodiment of the present invention.
１ 圧力感応部 ２ 検出電極 ３ 金属接片 ５セパレータ 1 Pressure sensitive part 2 Detection electrode 3 Metal contact piece 5 Separator
Claims (1)
（１）であって、蓄電池の内部圧力に連動して変位する
よう構成されたものと、 圧力感応部（１１）に一体に形成された検出電極（２）
であって、その一端（２ａ）は蓄電池内部のセパータ
（５）に常時接触し、他の一端（２ｂ）は蓄電池外部に
突出しており、圧力感応部（１）の変位に連動して変位
するよう構成されたものと、 蓄電池外部に配設された金属接片（３）であって、充電
制御回路に接続されたものとを備え、 蓄電池の内部圧力の変化により検出電極（２）と金属接
片（３）とが接離するよう構成された蓄電池状態検出装
置。1. A pressure sensitive part (1) formed on a lid (11), which is configured to be displaced in association with an internal pressure of a storage battery, and integrally formed on the pressure sensitive part (11). Detection electrode (2)
The one end (2a) of the storage battery is constantly in contact with the separator (5) inside the storage battery, and the other end (2b) of the storage battery is protruded outside of the storage battery, and is displaced in association with the displacement of the pressure sensitive portion (1). And a metal contact piece (3) arranged outside the storage battery and connected to the charge control circuit, wherein the detection electrode (2) and the metal are connected to each other due to a change in internal pressure of the storage battery. A storage battery state detection device configured to come into contact with and separate from the contact piece (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4834492U JPH065122U (en) | 1992-06-16 | 1992-06-16 | Battery status detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4834492U JPH065122U (en) | 1992-06-16 | 1992-06-16 | Battery status detector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH065122U true JPH065122U (en) | 1994-01-21 |
Family
ID=12800777
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4834492U Pending JPH065122U (en) | 1992-06-16 | 1992-06-16 | Battery status detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH065122U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5145031U (en) * | 1974-09-26 | 1976-04-02 |
-
1992
- 1992-06-16 JP JP4834492U patent/JPH065122U/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5145031U (en) * | 1974-09-26 | 1976-04-02 |
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