JPH0653394B2 - Manufacturing method of fiber reinforced plastics - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastics, in particular, a fiber reinforced plastics (hereinafter abbreviated as FRP) using long fibers, and a filament winding method (hereinafter FW). The present invention relates to a method for producing a so-called composite winding, which is a combination of low-angle winding and high-angle winding, in a short time and with high accuracy.

[Conventional technology]

Examples of high-performance FRP molding methods include press molding and resin injection, but for rotationally symmetric products such as cylinders, the FW method is used because of the uniformity and arbitrariness of the fiber arrangement and the high volume fiber content ratio. Has been adopted.

In the FW method, as shown in FIG. 10, the long fibers A supplied from the supply unit 1 are passed through a resin bath 2 and impregnated with resin,
After further aligning, they are passed through the eye 4 of the reciprocating carriage traverse 3 and the long fibers bundled through the eye are wound on the mandrel 5 which is rotating to a predetermined thickness and then heated. Then, the matrix resin is cured, and then the mold is removed.

The structural FRP obtained by the FW method is used for the purpose of receiving a force in two directions, the circumferential direction and the axial direction, except for some cases. There is a difference of about 10/1 in both strength and elastic modulus. Therefore, as a high-angle and low-angle composite winding, high-angle winding (hoop length) provides circumferential performance, and it is usually 40 ° or less. Square winding (helical winding) often secures axial performance.

By the way, in the FW method, although the tape width of the wound fiber is uniquely determined by the structure of the eye, conventionally,
Also in complex winding, an eye 4 similar to a well-known wire-drawing die as shown in FIG. 11 in which the inner surface (fiber guide surface) of a circular ring base is formed into an arc is used. It is also used for bundle winding.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

When mass producing FRP based on the FW method,
First of all, it may be considered to speed up the winding, but this method not only impairs the impregnation of the resin into the fiber but also causes fluffing of the fiber and the like, leading to a decrease in the performance of the FRP. Therefore, as the next means, there is no choice but to consider widening the winding tape.

However, as described above, if the hoop winding and the helical winding are performed by sharing the eye of FIG. 11, the following problems will occur. That is, first, when considering the helical path, the fibers introduced into the eye hit the inner surface of the eye and are focused and ejected here, but in low-angle helical winding, the winding tension applied to the fiber on the mandrel surface. Is smaller than the hoop winding portion, while the focusing property at the eye portion is larger than that at the hoop winding portion. Therefore, the tape width (wall thickness) of the helical winding
Is narrower than the width of a hoop winding tape, which is not so wide, making it difficult to wind the hoop and helical tapes at the same pitch without uneven arrangement of the tapes, and as the number of fiber bundles increases, the alignment becomes even. Is getting harder.

Also, in the hoop winding, the tape width is set to 1 pitch, but when the tape width is wide, the difference angle of the hoop winding naturally becomes small, and in order to obtain a high quality FRP in which the fiber orientation is performed as designed, Also becomes a problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the above-mentioned problems and enable long-term composite winding of long fibers with high precision.

[Means for solving problems]

The method of the present invention which achieves the above-mentioned object is basically F
The carriage traverse employed in the W method is provided with an eye as shown in FIG. 1 or 2 serving as a guide, that is, an eye 10 having a plurality of voids 11 arranged in parallel, and the void of this eye is provided. At least one long fiber A impregnated with resin is passed through each of the long fibers A, and a portion 1 of the space perpendicular to the mandrel rotation axis c
The helical path A'is passed through 1a, and the hoop path A "is passed through the portion 11b parallel to the axis C.

However, this alone does not guarantee good winding and efficient winding. The reason is as follows.

That is, when the helical winding is performed, as shown in FIG. 3, cone portions 6 are provided at both ends of the mandrel 5, and when the helical winding is turned, the continuous fibers are hooked and wound around the cones in many cases. FIG. 4 shows the side view of FIG.
The fiber path in this figure has a locus of B ′ on the cone portion 6 and B ″ on the mandrel 5.

Further, a comparison of the helical path A'on the mandrel and the hoop path A "on the side surface is as shown in FIG.

Thus, the path of the fiber path changes with the change of the winding form, but the transition from the fiber B'to the point B ",
When the transition from the point A ″ to the point A ′ is naturally allowed, it takes a considerable amount of time to recover to the steady state (completion of the complete transition), and the winding angle changes momentarily during that time. This transitional period until reaching the winding angle becomes a waste, which poses a problem in both winding accuracy and mass productivity. In particular, the lower the helical winding, the longer the transition distance of the fiber. , When winding at an angle of 30 °,
The loss becomes large as the length of the waste winding section in the axial direction of the mandrel reaches 300 mm at one end, and the above problem becomes remarkable.

Therefore, in the method of the present invention, in order to reduce this waste winding as much as possible, in addition to the above-mentioned eye 10 for the carriage traverse, the guide rod 12a shown in FIG.
12b is provided, and the guide is used to force the fiber migration.

The guide rods 12a and 12b are arranged so that their axes are parallel to the rotation axis C of the mandrel 5 and are movable in the direction perpendicular to the axis C, and are connected to the support arms 13a and 13b at both ends of a cylinder actuator or a servo. By means of driving means 14a, 14b such as a motor, the guide rod of 12b is moved parallel to the center of the eye on the eye 10 at the time of helical winding turn as shown in FIG. 7, and at the time of transition to hoop winding, the guide rod of 12a is moved. Is translated to the center of the eye.

By this operation, the fibers are pushed by the guide rod and moved toward the center of the eye, and the feeding point to the mandrel is moved to the completion position, that is, B ″ point in FIG. 4 or A ′ point in FIG. Therefore, the useless winding of the subject is almost eliminated.

In the guide rod 12a, as shown in FIG. 8, the support arm 13a is connected to the output rod of the driving means 14a by a hinge pin 15, and a pivot point by a shaft 16 is provided in the middle of the arm to mount the shaft 16 thereon. The support arm may be moved while being rotated around the center. The same can be said for 12b.

FIG. 9 shows a modification of the eye used in the method of the present invention. This eye 10 'has a plurality of pins 17 whose axial center is oriented perpendicular to the mandrel rotation axis mounted in parallel to the main body, and an inlet of a semi-closed space formed between the pins 17 is provided with one guide rod. It is blocked by 12a to form a gap 11 'for fiber insertion, and the guide is moved in the same manner as described above. When this eye is used, the helical path is the portion of the cavity 11 'perpendicular to the mandrel axis, that is, the pin 1
Although it is passed through on the side surface of 7, the hoop path is passed through on the side surface of the guide rod 12a unlike the case of FIG. When needed
The fact that the fibers are forcibly transferred by the guide rod is the same when the eye of FIG. 6 is used.

It should be noted that, regardless of which eye is used, the transition of the fiber from the point B ′ to the point B ″ in FIG. 4 behaves along a linear surface, and therefore the point A ″ in FIG. The natural transition is easier than the transition from the point A to the point A. Therefore, even if one of the guide rods 12b is omitted, the effect of the invention is slightly diminished, but the intended purpose can be achieved.

In addition, the hoop path when using the eye shown in FIG.
It is also possible to pass through the side surface of 2a.

[Action]

According to the above-described method of the present invention, when the helically wound fiber is wound, the matching (drawing) of the fibers in the direction of the mandrel rotation axis is performed at the eye portion that acts to weaken the focusing force at the winding portion. On the other hand, by using the distance between the outlet points, the fibers can be aligned accurately in the spreading direction by adding the fibers to the vertical portion 11a of the void having a weak focusing force. Moreover, the width of spread of the fibers is
Since a is a linear shape, it can be made larger than in the conventional case, and even if the width is widened, helical winding having the same spread as when winding a narrow tape becomes possible.

Also in the hoop winding, the tape width can be expanded because the protrusion is performed on the side surface of the guide rod 12a or the portion 11b of the gap parallel to the mandrel rotation axis. Further, the problem of a decrease in the winding angle due to the widening of the hoop winding portion is that, in the case of the present invention, butt winding is performed at each lead-out portion. In other words, in the case of FIG. 1 as an example. , 2 from the right on the rightmost fiber hoop layer
The broadening is converted into multiple windings, such that the third fiber is hoop-wound and a hoop-wound layer is formed by the third fiber from the right on this layer, so that it does not occur at all.

Therefore, it is possible to increase the tape widths of the hoop and the helix by using one set of eyes and at the same time make them equal, and efficiently wind them at the same pitch.

In addition, the problem of waste winding at the end of the mandrel is solved by the action of the guide rod described in connection with the configuration in the preceding section.

〔Example〕

An example of obtaining a composite wound FRP product by repeating helical winding at an angle of 30 ° and then hoop winding using the eye of FIG. 6 will be described below. Since it has been described, only the winding operation will be described here.

First, when performing 30 ° helical winding, the eye gap 1
1, the resin-impregnated continuous fiber that has passed through the resin bath 2 in FIG. 10 is passed through as shown in FIG. 1, and winding is started.

At the start, since the fibers are fixed to the straight cylindrical portion of the cone portion 6 shown in FIG. 3, the position of the guide rod 12b is near the point B ″ in FIG. At the time of moving to the cylindrical portion (the transition of the fiber path at this time is performed in a short time because the fiber is already pushed near the point B ″ by the guide rod 12b), the guide rod 12b is set to the origin (wrapping is performed on the fiber). Return it to the position where it does not touch. Then, the same operation is repeated at the turn part to complete the 30 ° helical winding.

Next, when moving from 30 ° helical winding to hoop winding,
Although the feeding position of the fiber shifts from the point A ′ to the point A ″ in FIG. 5, there is no need for forcible movement at this time, and the transition is smoothly performed. Furthermore, when moving to the 30 ° helical winding after the hoop winding, The fiber must transition from point A "to point A ', but this movement requires a guide rod 12a, which is used to guide the wound fiber to A'.
Move to the point compulsorily, and perform 30 ° helical winding with the same action as the previous time. As a result, the widened tape can be accurately wound without waste, and the high-performance FRP can be efficiently produced.

In the above invention, the hoop / helical composite winding is all described, but this effect is also exhibited when only the helical winding is performed.

〔effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the problem of uneven alignment of the tape associated with the helical and hoop composite winding, the problem of deterioration of the alignment property, and the problem of the disorder of the fiber orientation due to the widening of the tape is eliminated. Since the structure of (eye) was elaborately solved, and the problem of waste winding at the end of the mandrel due to the delay in the transfer of the fiber feeding point was solved by forcibly transferring the fiber with the guide rod. High-precision FRP products that are comparable to conventional ones can be manufactured with high efficiency without wasting materials, and can greatly contribute to mass production, as well as mass production effects and effective use of materials The effect that it can greatly contribute to the price reduction is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a guide (eye) which is the basis of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a modification of the basic eye, FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a mandrel used for helical winding, and FIG. Side view, FIG. 5 is a side view showing the loci of fibers during hoop winding and helical winding, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view in which the guide rod used in the present invention is combined with the guide of FIG. 1, and FIG. Is the sixth
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a side view showing another example of the guide rod drive system, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another example of a guide rod combined guide. Figure (a) is a side view showing the outline of the FW method, (b) is a front view of the mandrel part,
FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway front view showing an example of a conventional eye. 1 ... Supply Department, 2 ... Resin Bath, 3 ... Cage Traverse, 5 ... Mandrel, 6 ... Cone, 1
0,10 '... eye, 11,11' ... void, 11a
... Vertical part with respect to mandrel rotation axis, 11b ... Parallel part with respect to mandrel rotation axis, 12a, 12b ... Guide rods, 13a, 13b ... Support arms, 14a, 14b
... Drive means, 15 ... Hinge pin, 16 ... Shaft, 17
... Pin, A "... Hoop path, B '... Fiber feeding point to cone portion, B" ... Fiber feeding point to mandrel straight portion.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a fiber-reinforced plastics, comprising winding a plurality of resin-impregnated continuous fibers around an outer peripheral surface of a mandrel rotating through a reciprocating carriage traverse and curing / molding the fiber. The carriage traverse was provided with a guide having a plurality of voids arranged in parallel and a guide rod movable in a direction perpendicular to the mandrel axis and having an axial center parallel to the mandrel axis, and the voids were impregnated with resin. At least one continuous fiber is passed through, and a helical pulse is passed through the gap in a portion perpendicular to the mandrel rotation axis, and through a hoop path in the parallel portion or the side surface of the guide rod, and at the time of helical winding turn or from the hoop winding. Fiber reinforced plastics characterized by forcibly moving the fiber path to the transition completion point side with the guide rod when transitioning to Manufacturing method. 2. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the void portion is formed by making a hole in the guide body.
The method for producing a fiber-reinforced plastic according to item (1). 3. The space has a pin perpendicular to the mandrel rotation axis mounted in parallel on the guide body to form a space with one end open between the pins, and the inlet of the open space is blocked by the guide rod. The method for producing fiber reinforced plastics according to claim (1), characterized in that the method is produced by the following method.