JPH0655401A - Processing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a processing machine capable of removing certainly dust simultaneously with its generation to be generated in cutting process, without preparing a full cover which causes a large size of the processing machine as a whole. CONSTITUTION:A holder in which the first flow hole 11 connected to a dust catcher is formed is provided at the end of a main shaft 2. An end mill provided with a vent hole in the center of an axis thereof is mounted to the main shaft 2 through the holder. The vent hole 7 has an opening 7a along cutting edges and has communication with the first flow hole 11 through the first air room 12. Dust is collected simultaneously with its generation from the opening 7a when the end mill is cutting a work.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing machine capable of removing dust generated during dry processing of a processed material such as graphite without scattering.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, electrodes, jigs, etc. are formed from a processing material such as graphite or machinable ceramics. At the time of forming, a processing machine provided with a processing tool is used. It is cut in a dry state. A plurality of types of end mills are used as processing tools in such a processing machine, and they are automatically replaced by an automatic tool changing device according to the shape of the electrode or the like to be formed.

When processing is carried out by such a processing machine, a working material such as graphite is cut to generate dust, which is scattered and suspended in the working environment. As a result, the working environment is deteriorated, and dust adheres to the guide surface of the processing machine to cause deterioration of the product and the processing machine, which is a serious problem.

In order to solve this, a processing machine provided with a dust removing device has been proposed. This dust removing device is composed of a full cover that covers the periphery of the processing machine and a dust suction unit that forcibly discharges the air inside the cover. When cutting a work material with a processing machine provided with such a dust removing device, the work material is set on a table, which is a fixing member inside the cover, and the dust suction means is operated. After that, the end mill is operated to perform the cutting operation. At this time, the dust is scattered only inside the cover, and further, the scattered dust is forcibly absorbed by the dust absorbing means and discharged. Therefore, since the dust removing device is provided in the processing machine, the dust is prevented from floating in the working environment, and the problem that the dust is attached to the machine is solved.

[0005]

However, the conventional processing machine provided with the dust removing device has the following problems.

That is, in recent years, electrodes using graphite or the like have become larger. Along with this, the machine table for fixing large processing materials also becomes large, and the range of movement of the end mill that performs cutting processing becomes wide, so if a full cover that covers all of these is provided, the processing machine will become significantly larger. It will be. Furthermore, since the inside of the cover has a large capacity, the dust suction means provided in the processing machine must also have a significantly improved dust suction capability, which requires a large one. Moreover, covering the entire periphery of the large-sized processing machine with a cover deteriorates workability such as operation of inserting / removing a processing material, cutting processing, and processing check, resulting in reduced work efficiency. Further, since the full cover is provided, it becomes difficult to automatically change the tools of the end mill, and a large-sized automatic tool changer is required to perform complicated operations. As a result, the processing machine as a whole will be greatly enlarged.

The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and an object thereof is to generate dust generated during cutting without providing a full cover on the processing machine. At the same time, it is to provide a miniaturized processing machine that can be reliably removed.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dust collecting means which comprises a fixing portion for fixing a workpiece and a processing portion having a tool for processing the workpiece and which is connected to a dust collector. In the processing machine provided with, the dust suction port of the dust suction means is provided in the processing section.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the dust suction port of the dust suction means according to the first aspect is provided in the working tool.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the processing section according to the first aspect is provided with a hood holder for collecting scattered dust, and the hood holder is provided with a dust suction port of a dust suction means. And

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that a dust suction port of the dust suction means is provided on the workpiece fixing surface of the fixing portion.

[0012]

In the processing machine according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the dust suction port of the dust suction means connected to the dust collector is open at the processing portion which is a part of the apparatus, dust is generated during cutting. At the same time, it does not float in the work environment because it is dusted. In addition, since the periphery of the processing machine is not covered with a cover, the device becomes compact.

Further, according to the second aspect of the invention, since the dust suction port of the dust suction means is open to the processing tool for directly cutting the workpiece, the dust is reliably removed at the same time dust is generated by the cutting.

According to the third aspect of the invention, since the hood holder is provided around the processed portion as the dust suction means,
Dust scattered in the shape of an inverted cone is collected simultaneously with cutting,
The hood holder is provided with a dust suction port and is connected to the dust collector to remove scattered dust.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the dust-absorbing means is provided on the surface of the fixed portion where the workpiece is fixed, the dust that has scattered and then falls onto the fixed portion is removed without being accumulated.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a processing machine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(1) Structure of Main Embodiments That is, the processing machine of the present embodiment is provided with a machine table (not shown) which is a fixed portion of a processing material such as graphite or machinable ceramic, and a cutting processing of the processing material. The processing unit 1 is provided with a dust suction means. The processing unit 1 is provided on a main shaft 2 that is rotatably provided as shown in FIG. 1, and a rotary unit 3 that rotates along with the rotation of the main shaft and performs cutting processing at a shaft end of the main shaft 2 and a rotary unit 3. And a holding tool 4 for holding. An end mill 5 is provided on the rotary unit 3 as a working tool for cutting a working material via a holder 6 on the spindle 2. On the surface of this end mill 5, as shown in FIG. 2, a cutting edge 5a is formed in a spiral shape on the tip side approximately 1/3. Also, the end mill 5
A vent hole 7 is formed inside the center of the shaft, leaving the tip. From the vent hole 7 to the outer circumference of the end mill 5, openings 7a are formed as dust inlets along the outer cutting edge 5a at regular intervals of the cutting blade niger. Furthermore, this ventilation hole 7
Is provided with a communication hole 7b opened on the outer periphery of the end mill 5 serving as a tool holding portion, and is connected to the opening 7a of the cutting edge portion and the ventilation hole 7 at the center of the end mill.

A holder 6 for holding such an end mill 5
Is formed in a cylindrical shape having a substantially U-shaped cross section with a lower portion opening downward, and its inner diameter is formed to be the same as the diameter of the end mill. The upper part of the end mill 5 is inserted into the inside of the inner diameter and is fixed by a screw 8. On the other hand, the upper portion of the holder 6 is formed in a conical shape, and this is inserted into a tapered hole 9 formed at the axial center of the main shaft 2. Then, a pull bolt attached to the conical small-diameter end is fixed by a clamp mechanism incorporated in the main shaft, and is further positioned with respect to the main shaft 2 by a drive key 10. A first circulation hole 11 is formed in the holder 6 so as to be connected to the communication hole 7b of the end mill 5. In addition, in order to absorb the deviation between the communication hole 7b and the first circulation hole 11 that occurs when the end mill 5 is fixed to the holder 6, a ring groove shape is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the holder 6 corresponding to the opening of the communication hole 7b. First air chamber 1
2 is formed, and the first circulation hole 11 is opened in the first air chamber 12.

In the rotating portion 3 constructed as described above, the outer peripheral surface of the holder 6 is held by the holder 4 which is a fixing member. That is, the holder 4 provided with the thrust bearings 4a and 4b is configured as a bearing. On a part of the outer peripheral surface of such a holder 4, a connector 4c integrally formed with the holder 4 is provided so as to project, and a flash pipe 13 is provided on the holder 4 via the connector 4c. The flash pipe 13 is arranged so as to be parallel to the end mill 5 and is connected to a positioning block 14 which is a fixing member provided so as to maintain a fixed position with respect to the main shaft 2. The positioning block 14 is provided with a suction tube 15 connected to a dust collector (not shown). Such a holder 4 and a flash pipe 1 connected to it
The fixing member for the positioning block 3 and the positioning block 14 has a second
A flow hole 16 is formed and connected to the suction pipe 15 and the first flow hole 11 of the rotating portion, thereby forming an air flow path from the vent hole 7 of the end mill 5 to the dust collector as a dust suction means.

Since the first circulation hole 11 is provided in the rotating member and the second circulation hole 16 is provided in the fixed member, in order to connect the first and second circulation holes 11 and 16, the holder A ring groove-shaped second air chamber 17 is formed on the inner peripheral surface, and the second circulation hole 16 is formed in the second air chamber 17.

(2) Functions and Effects of Main Embodiments In the present embodiment configured as described above, a machine table (not shown) is used for processing a processed material such as graphite.
The work material is set on the top, the main shaft 2 is rotated, and cutting is performed by the cutting blade 5a of the end mill 5 which rotates in accordance with the rotation. At this time, by operating the dust collector, the suction pipe 15
Dust generated by the cutting process is sucked and removed from the opening 7a of the vent hole 7 of the end mill 4 connected to the dust collector via the flash pipe 13 or the like.

The type of the end mill 5 can be appropriately changed according to the molding of the processed material. At this time, since the first air chamber 12 is formed in the holder 6, the communication hole 7b of the end mill 5 is formed. The opening direction of is not limited and can be replaced.

As described above, in this embodiment, since the end mill 5 for cutting is provided with the dust suction means,
The dust generated by cutting is instantly sucked at the same time as it is generated. That is, dust scattering in the working atmosphere can be greatly reduced.

(3) Other Embodiments Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the specific shapes of the respective members or the respective mounting positions and methods can be appropriately changed.

The dust suction means connected to the dust collector is not limited to being provided on the end mill 5. For example, in FIG.
As shown in, a hood 20 that opens downward on the outer periphery of the holder 4 for collecting dust is provided via a petri dish-shaped hood holder 20a. The hood 20 is configured as a dust suction port, and is connected to the dust collector via a flash pipe 21 and a positioning block provided on a part of the upper surface of the hood holder 20a. This allows the hood 2
The air inside 0 is sucked.

Here, generally, the dust generated during the cutting process flies up like an inverted cone from the cutting edge of the end mill 5 and scatters. Therefore, by providing the hood 20 as described above and connecting it to the dust collector, the dust that rises up in an inverted conical shape is reliably collected and removed by suction. In particular, when the end mill 5 has a small diameter, it becomes difficult to form the ventilation hole 7 as described above, and it becomes impossible to absorb dust from the cutting edge of the end mill 5. Even in such a case, dust is reliably removed by providing the hood 20.

In such a hood 20, as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 3, a curtain-shaped member 20b such as a resin film or an air curtain is provided below the periphery of the lower end of the hood holder 20a.
Can be provided up to the vicinity of the lower end of the holder 6 which does not hinder the cutting process. As a result, it is possible to obtain dust collecting means with improved collection efficiency. Further, in this case, since the inside surrounded by the hood holder 20a and the curtain-shaped member 20b becomes negative pressure due to the dust absorption, the air outside the hood holder 20a causes a space between the curtain-shaped member 20b and the processed material S or the machine table. It will be in the state of flowing into the interior of the street hood holder 20. As a result, no dust is scattered outside the hood holder 20.

Therefore, since it is not necessary to cover the processing machine with a cover in order to remove dust, even if the processing material becomes large in size, the size of the processing portion changes only by making the machine table a size corresponding to the processing material. do not do. As a result, the processing machine can be downsized, and the end mill can be easily replaced automatically, and the work efficiency can be improved.

Further, it is possible to dispose the dust suction means on the base plate 22 on the machine table. That is, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), the base plate 22 is provided with a work material S installation portion at the center and clamp vices 24 for fixing the work material S at both ends thereof. Further, tap holes 25 are formed in the vicinity of the installation portion side portion in the moving direction of the end mill 5 in parallel with the installation portion side portion at regular intervals. The tap hole 25 is configured as a dust suction port, is connected to a through hole 26 provided inside the base plate 22 as shown in FIG. 4B, and is connected to a dust collector from a dust suction hose port 27 at the end of the through hole 26. There is.

When the workpiece is cut by the end mill 5 by the base plate 22 provided with such a dust suction means, the dust collector is operated to suck and remove the dust generated by the cutting. In particular, dust with coarse particles (cutting chips) can be used in a short time after being scattered.
2, but can be removed without depositing.

Further, it is also possible to construct the upper surface of the base plate 22 with a mesh, provide a collecting portion under the mesh, and connect the dust collecting hose port of this collecting portion to the dust collector. As a result, when the dust collector is in operation, the upper surface of the base plate always has a negative pressure, and the dust generated by the cutting process can be instantly sucked and removed.

The present invention can also be combined with the above-mentioned embodiments as appropriate, which enables highly efficient dust removal.

[0033]

According to the present invention, it is possible to surely remove dust generated during cutting at the same time as generation, without providing a full cover around the processing machine, and to reduce the size and improve workability of the processing machine. Can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing a processing part of a processing machine that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing another embodiment.

4A and 4B show an embodiment in which a dust suction means is provided in a fixed portion of a processing machine, FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a side view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Machining part 2 ... Spindle 3 ... Rotating part 4 ... Retaining tool 5 ... End mill 6 ... Holder 7 ... Vent hole 8 ... Screw 9 ... Tapered hole 10 ... Drive key 11 ... First flow hole 12 ... First air chamber 13 , 21 ... Flash pipe 14 ... Positioning block 15 ... Suction pipe 16 ... Second circulation hole 17 ... Second air chamber 20 ... Hood 21 ... Flash pipe 22 ... Base plate 24 ... Clamp vice 25 ... Tap hole 26 ... Through hole 27 ... Dust absorption Hose mouth S ... Processed material

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fixed part for fixing a working material, and a working part having a working tool for cutting the working material,
A processing machine provided with a dust suction unit connected to a dust collector, wherein the dust suction port of the dust suction unit is provided in the processing unit. 2. The processing machine according to claim 1, wherein a dust suction port of the dust suction means is provided in the processing tool. 3. The processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the processing section is provided with a hood for collecting scattered dust, and the hood is provided with a dust suction port of a dust suction means. 4. In a processing machine comprising a fixing part for fixing a processed material and a processing part for cutting the processed material, and provided with a dust collecting means connected to the dust collector, the fixed material for the fixed part is fixed. A processing machine characterized in that a dust suction port of a dust suction means is provided on the surface.