JPH067331B2 - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus capable of performing Thai expression when changing a chord of an automatic accompaniment.

"Prior Art" An automatic accompaniment device for performing automatic accompaniment with chords in response to key press data on a keyboard has been developed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-2335).
No. 5).

"Problems to be solved by the invention" By the way, in a chord performance that a person actually performs, when changing a part of a constituent sound of a chord, only a finger corresponding to the sound to be changed is moved, and a common constituent sound Is often pressed. That is, the common constituent sounds are often played in Thai expression.

However, in the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus, when the chord changes, all the sounds are re-generated, and it is difficult to achieve a more natural performance effect.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus capable of performing Thai expression when there is a common constituent sound when a chord is changed.

[Means for Solving Problems] In order to achieve the above object, a chord designating means for designating a chord to be played and a chord generation and a tie expression generation of the chord at each performance timing based on a clock signal are controlled. Storage means for storing pattern data; and tone generation means for generating chord constituent tones based on the pattern data sequentially read from the storage means based on a clock signal and the chords designated by the chord designating means. A structure of a chord to be newly generated in the musical tone generating means among the constituent sounds of the chord currently generated in the musical tone generating means when the read pattern data instructs generation of a tie expression of the chord. Sound generation control means for detecting a sound having the same pitch as the sound and continuing the generation of the detected sound is provided.

[Operation] When the pattern data instructs the generation of tie expression, there may be a note having the same pitch as the newly generated chord in the chords currently being generated when the chord is changed. When detected, the generation of this sound is continued as it is, and new sounding start control is not performed. Therefore, the sound is pronounced in Thai expression.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(1: Configuration of Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a keyboard unit, a plurality of keys, a plurality of key switches for detecting the on / off state of each key, and an interface for supplying a key code of each key switch to a bus line B. It is composed of a circuit. Here, FIG. 2 shows the correspondence between keys and key codes. FIG. 2 shows the key code in decimal notation, and as can be seen from this figure, the key code value changes by 1 for each semitone, and the C ₃ note is the key code "6".
It is "0".

2 is a CPU (central processing unit) for controlling each part of the apparatus, 3 is a program memory in which the program of the CPU 2 is stored,
Reference numeral 4 is a working memory in which various registers and flags are set. The registers and flags in the working memory 4 will be described later.

Next, reference numeral 5 is a pattern memory in which pattern data RPD used when accompaniment of rhythm sounds and chords is generated is stored. In this case, the pattern memory 5 stores in advance a large number of pattern data RPD corresponding to the rhythm type (samba, slow rock, etc.) and chord type. The format of this pattern data RPD is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the pattern data is composed of 26-byte data, and each byte has a relative address "-2", "-1", "0", "1", ...
"22" and "23" are set. The data at each address will be described below.

Address "-2": 8-bit table select data TBLSEL designating one of the tables # 0, # 1 ... Shown in FIG. 4 is stored at this address. The tables # 0, # 1 ... Are stored in the table memory 6.

Address "-1": In this address, delay time data is stored which indicates a shift time when the constituent tones of a chord that should originally be played at the same time as the chord accompaniment are slightly shifted and sounded. This data shows that when the strings are played at the same time as a whole, such as when playing a guitar stroke, the actual timing is slightly deviated depending on the strings (6 string side is fast, 1 string side is slow, or vice versa). ) Is used when reproducing.

Address "0" to "23": In each of these addresses,
Sound generation mode instruction data PD indicating the pitch mode and the key-on mode of chords are stored from No. 0 to No. 47.
In this way, 48 pronunciation mode instruction data PD _{0 to} PD ₄₇ are stored because one bar (four beats) is divided into 48 in this embodiment, and the pronunciation control is performed at each division timing. Is. The pronunciation mode instruction data PD is 4-bit data represented by (0) _H to (F) _H in hexadecimal notation, and is 4 depending on each sounding timing.
Sequentially used bit by bit. Here, FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the content and the instructed pronunciation mode.

In FIG. 5, “Normal” is a normal key-on mode in which sound is generated at the division timing, and “Tie key-on” is a note (chord constituent note) at any of the division timings. In the case where the constituent note) and the tie mark are connected (see FIG. 17), the note is not re-produced newly, but the previous note is continuously extended. The "delay key on" is a mode in which a performance is performed using the delay time data described above. The numerical value on the upper horizontal axis of the figure is the pitch mode number TEBNO, and indicates any of the pitch modes set in each table shown in FIG. Here, in Table # 0, TEBNO “0” indicates the pitch relation of the normal chord constituent tones determined by the chord type, and TEBNO “1” indicates the pitch relation of the chord constituent tones including the 9th (nine) note. Instruct, TEBNO
“2” indicates a pitch relationship in which each of the notes of the normal chord is lowered by a semitone. In the table # 1, the pitch mode number TEBNO “0” indicates the pitch relation of the normal chord constituent tones, and the “1” indicates the pitch relation in which each tone of the normal chord constituent tones is lowered by a semitone. In this way, the pitch mode number TEBNO
As for the value of, its function is arbitrarily set by the number of the selected table.

The chord type symbol shown in FIG. 4 is a general chord type symbol. For example, M is major and m is m.
Is minor, sus is suspension, Aug is augment, d
Im indicates diminish, and numbers indicate Seventh or Sixth. These code types are 1-D
It is designed to be specified by the hexadecimal code.
Ch indicates a tone generation channel, and in this embodiment, three channels ch0 to ch2 are used to perform automatic accompaniment with a plurality of tones. Numerical value "0" described in the column of each sound generation channel ch in FIG.
“255” (decimal display) is a key code.

Further, the content of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD is (1) _H ~
(C) In the case of _H , the pitch mode number TEBN as described above
When it is (0) _H, key-off is instructed, and when it is (F) _H , nothing is done and the previous state is held. The contents (D) _H and (E) _H of the pronunciation mode instruction data PD are not used in this embodiment (see FIG. 5).

The above is the function of each data in the pattern, and a plurality of pattern data according to the format shown in FIG. 3 are stored corresponding to the rhythm type and the chord type. The addresses "-2" and "-1" are headers of pattern data.

Next, 7 in FIG. 1 is a tempo clock generator, which outputs to the CPU 2 a tempo clock TP having a constant cycle which is the basis of the tempo of the automatic performance sound. The tempo clock TP interrupts the CPU 2. In this case, the cycle of the tempo clock TP is from the CPU 2 to the bus line B.
It is determined according to the tempo data TD supplied via.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a timer, which supplies a pulse signal having a constant cycle to the CPU 2 as an interrupt signal. This timer 8 is used for the performance using the delay time data (see FIG. 3).
It is used to elapse the set delay time.

A switch group 10 is composed of a rhythm selection switch, a rhythm start / stop switch, a tone color selection switch, various effect selection switches, and the like. 12
Is a tone generator, which generates musical tones corresponding to the key performance of the player based on the key-on / key-off information issued from the CPU 2 according to the key press / release of the keyboard circuit 1, and also generates the accompaniment chord based on the pattern data RPD. To do. The tone generator 12 has a percussion-type rhythm sound source and generates a rhythm sound corresponding to the selected rhythm in accordance with the tempo clock TP.

Here, the main ones of the various registers and flags in the working memory 4 described above will be described.

Flag RUN: "1" is written during automatic accompaniment running, and "0" is written during stop.

Register CLK: A register to which the count number of the tempo clock TP is written, and is "0" to "4" for each bar.
The value "7" is written cyclically.

Registers DL1, DL2: Registers for measuring the delay time of the channels ch1, ch2, and the delay time data shown in FIG. 3 is written therein. In the delay performance, the timer 8 subtracts each time the clock is output, and when the contents of the registers DL1 and DL2 become 0, the sound generation of the corresponding channel is permitted.

Key code buffer KCBUF: A register in which a key code of a depressed key is written, and a plurality of keys are provided.

Register CHD: A register into which chord information is written. When the CPU 2 detects the chord type and root note from the key code of the accompaniment keyboard, the chord type data is written in the upper 4 bits and the root note data is written in the lower 4 bits.
The root sound data is data of “0”, “1”, ... “11”, and corresponds to C sound, C # sound, ... B sound. The chord type data is data corresponding to the chord type shown in FIG. 4, and is data of "1" to "13" corresponding to the major M, the minus m, the seventh 7th and the like.

Register TCHD: A register for temporarily storing the chord information.

Register ROOT: A register in which the root note data is temporarily stored.

Register TYPE: A register that stores code type data.

Register CHK: CLK. MOD. This is a register that stores 12 calculated values. Here, CLK. MOD. 12
Is the remainder of the quotient obtained by dividing the contents of the register CLK by 12. This CLK. MOD. 12 represents the timing within one beat.

Register TBLSEL / R: A register into which table select data (see FIG. 3) TBLSEL is written.

Register DLYTM: A register into which delay time data (see FIG. 3) is written.

Address pointer PNT: A pointer indicating an address in the pattern format shown in FIG.

Registers DT and NDT: Pronunciation mode instruction data P, respectively
D is a register into which the tone generation mode instruction data PD _n at that time is written to the register DT, and the tone generation mode instruction data P at the next timing is written to the register NDT.
D _{n + 1} is written.

Registers KEY _{0 to 2} : Key code buffers provided corresponding to tone generation channels ch0 to ch2 in the tone generator 12. This register KEY _{0 to} KE
The pitch of the sound generated by the sound generation channels ch0 to ch2 is determined by the key code written in Y ₂ .

Registers OKEY _0-2 : Registers in which the previous values of the registers KEY _0-2 are stored.

Flag MODE: When it is "0", the channel chi (
Instruct the normal key-on mode in which a new key code is written in _{i = 1} to ₂ ) and the key is turned on. When the value is "1", a sounding process for switching only the key code to a sounding channel that is already in a sounding state (details of this process will be described later) is instructed.

Register RTKEY: A register into which a key code obtained by converting the range of the root note data in the register ROOT is written.

The above is the main registers and flags provided in the working memory.

(2: Operation of Embodiment) Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.

The operation of this embodiment is basically an automatic accompaniment to chord a chord (three notes) according to the rhythm. Further, in this embodiment, since the sound generation processing differs depending on the key-on mode, each key-on mode will be described below.

A: Normal Main Routine "MAIN" FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the main routine of this embodiment. First, when the power is turned on, various registers and flags (KCBUF, RUN, DL1, DL2, etc.) in the working memory 4 are cleared as initial processing, and thereafter, the processing proceeds to step SP2 and thereafter.

In step SP2, it is determined whether the start switch in the switch group 10 has an on event. Here, an event means that the state of a switch or a key has changed, and there are an on event that changes from off to on and an off event that changes from on to off. When the ON event of the start switch is detected in step SP2, the value of the flag RUN is inverted in step SP3. This step SP2, SP3
By the processing of, the value of the flag RUN is inverted every time the start switch is pressed. Next, in step SP4, it is determined whether or not the flag RUN is "1", and "NO"
If so, an instruction to stop the automatic accompaniment running is issued, and therefore, the process proceeds to step SP5 to turn off the channels ch0 to ch2 of the tone generator 12 and also turn off the generation of all rhythm sounds (percussion). If it is determined to be "YES" in step SP4, it means that the start of the automatic accompaniment running is instructed. Therefore, the process proceeds to step SP6 to clear the registers CLK, DL1 and DL2 to prepare for the start of the automatic accompaniment. . Step SP5, SP
After the process of 6, the process proceeds to step SP7, and it is determined whether or not the rhythm selection is changed. On the other hand, if the determination in step SP2 is "NO", that is, if the start switch remains on or off, step SP3
The processing proceeds to step SP7 without performing the processing of SP5. If the determination in step SP7 is "YES", the data is changed to data indicating the changed rhythm type (step SP8), and it is determined in step SP9 whether the flag RUN is "1". If this determination is "YES", it means that the rhythm type is switched during the automatic accompaniment running, so in step SP10, the pronunciation of the accompaniment by the rhythm type selected before that is stopped and a new one is newly generated. In preparation for accompaniment with the selected rhythm, the presence / absence of a key event is then determined in step SP11. On the other hand, step SP
If the determination of No. 9 is "NO", it means that the automatic accompaniment has not been performed continuously from before, or the flag RUN is cleared in step SP3 in order to stop the automatic accompaniment. Therefore, since the sound generation of the channels ch0 to ch2 in the tone generator 12 has already been stopped, the processing of step SP10 is not performed and the determination of step SP11 is immediately performed. The determination in step SP11 is C
This is performed by observing a change in the key code supplied from the keyboard circuit 1 by the PU2. If there is no key event, the process proceeds to step SP12 to set or change the tone color or volume according to the operation of the other switches in the switch group 10, and then returns to step SP2 to repeat the above process.

On the other hand, if there is a key event, the subroutine "K
Move to EY / EVT ”.

Subroutine "KEY-EVT" First, in step SPa1, the key code issued from the keyboard circuit 1 is written in the key code buffer KCBUF. When multiple key codes are issued, each key code buffer KCB is processed according to a predetermined allocation process.
Assign to UF. Then, the process proceeds to step SPa2,
Performs pronunciation processing for the key that has an event. This sound generation processing is performed by the channels ch0 to ch of the tone generator 12.
It is performed by a sounding channel other than 2. That is,
This pronunciation is a direct sounding process in response to a key depression, which is different from chord performance such as melody performance. Next, step SPa3
In (1), the chord type and root note are detected based on the key code in the key code buffer KCBUF, and these are written in the register TCHD. And step SP
CLK. MOD. 12 operations, that is,
The contents of the register CLK are divided by 12 to calculate the remainder, and the calculation result is written to the register CHK. The result of this calculation indicates the timing within one beat as described above. Here, the content of the register CLK is reset to "0" at the start of the automatic accompaniment start, but every time the tempo clock TP is generated from the tempo clock generator 7, the contents of the subroutine CLK.ERQ (see FIG. 12) are changed. The value is incremented by 1 by the processing and becomes a value indicating the timing (“0” to “47”) within the bar. When the process of step SPa4 is completed, the process proceeds to step SPa5 and it is determined whether the contents of the register CHK are 1 to 3.
This judgment is to judge whether the timing of the key event is within 1/4 of the timing of the beginning of the beat. If this determination is "YES", the data in the register TCHD is written in the register CHD. The data (root note data + chord time data) written in the register TCHD is used in the following tone generation processing. On the other hand, if the determination in step SPa5 is "NO", the process returns to the main routine "MAIN" and is written in the register CHD at the start timing of the next beat (see step SPd4 in FIG. 12). That is, when a key event occurs at the beginning of the beat, the changed root note data and chord type data of the chord are immediately written to the register CHD and used for the automatic accompaniment sounding process. When it occurs in a portion other than the portion, the root note data and chord type data of the changed chord are written in the register CHD after waiting until the beginning timing of the next beat. This is to avoid the fact that if the chord of the automatic accompaniment changes in the middle of a beat, it becomes unnatural musically.

When the processing of step SPa6 is completed, the root note data and chord type data in the register CHD are registered in the register RO.
Write to OT and register TYPE respectively (see steps SPa7 and SPa8), and execute "subroutine PAT.C".
Move on to HG "processing.

"Subroutine PAT / CHG" This process is a process for matching the automatic accompaniment performed before that with the automatic accompaniment based on the new key event when there is a key event.

First, in step SPb1, the pattern data RPD to be played next is read based on the selected rhythm type and the contents of the register TYPE, and the register PA is read.
Write to T. Then, in step SPb2,
Table select data TBLSEL at the address "-2" of the read pattern data RPD and delay time data at the address "-1" (see FIG. 3)
Respectively in the registers TBLSEL. R and register DL
Write in YTM. Next, register C to the pointer PNT
The value of LK, that is, the count value of the clock at that time is written (step SPb3), and PMT. MO
D. It is determined whether or not the calculated value "0" of 2 is satisfied (step SPb4). This operation is an operation for checking whether the clock count value (CLK value) at that time is an even number or an odd number,
The case where it becomes "0" is an even number. If it is an even number, the process proceeds to step SPb5, and the tone generation mode instruction data PD in the lower 4 bits of the address "PNT / 2" of the pattern data RPD is written in the register DT. If the calculation in step SPb4 is an odd number, step S
Proceed to Pb6, and the address "(P
The tone generation mode instruction data PD in the upper 4 bits of "NT-1) / 2" is written in the register DT. The processing of steps SPb4 to SPb6 described above is processing for matching the clock count value with the number of the sound generation mode instruction data PD. For example, when the clock count value written in the pointer PNT is "1", the tone generation mode instruction data PD _{1 in} the upper 4 bits of the address "0" is selected, and
When the clock count value is "46" pronunciation mode instruction data PD ₄₆ in the lower 4 bits of the address 23 is selected (see FIG. 3). In the above process, the tone generation mode instruction data PD corresponding to the clock count value is registered in the register D.
When it is written in T, it moves to step SPb7 and it is determined whether or not the content of the register DT is (F) _H , that is, whether or not it indicates "do nothing". If the determination is “YES”, the value of the pointer PNT is decremented by 1, and the step SPb4 is executed again through the step SPb9.
Perform the following processing. This process is continued until the content of the register DT becomes something other than (F) _H. And
(F) When data other than _H is detected, step SPb
Then, the process proceeds to step 11, and it is judged whether the content of the register DT is "0", that is, whether the data is a key-off instruction data. If this determination is “YES”, the register KEY
_If the contents of 0 to ₂ are "0", the main routine "MAI
Return to N "(see FIG. 6) and if not" 0 ", key off all channels ch0 to ch2 of the tone generator 12 (steps SPb16, SPb).
17), returns after clearing the registers KEY _0-2 .

Here, the meaning of the series of processes of steps SPb4 to SPb11 and steps SPb15 to SPb17 described above will be described.

Now, assume that the chord C major is changed to the chord F major at the start timing of the third beat, as shown in FIG. It is assumed that the pattern data RPD corresponding to the chord F major newly read by this change is shown in FIG. 9B on the musical score. When this musical score is used as the pronunciation mode instruction data, it becomes as shown in FIG. 10, for example. Here, since the value of the register CLK at the start timing of the third beat is “24”, step S
The value written in the pointer PNT in Pb3 is "2.
4 ”. Then, steps SPb4 → SPb5 → S
By the processing of Pb7, it is determined in step SPb7 whether or not the value of the tone generation mode instruction data PD ₂₄ is (F) _H. In this case, it is (F) _H , so the determination is “YES”.
Becomes By the way, since the meaning of (F) _H is "do nothing", if the key-on is instructed before that, the sound generation must be continued, and if the key-off is instructed, the mute state must be maintained. Therefore, when the tone generation mode instruction data PD at a certain timing is (F) _H, it is unknown what tone control should be newly performed. For this reason, it is necessary to search for the tone generation mode instruction data PD at the timing before that other than (F) _H. The processing of steps SPb4 to SPb10 is processing for performing this search. In the above example, since the tone generation mode instruction data PD ₂₄ is (F) _H , the previous tone generation mode instruction data PD ₂₃ is (0) _H and the clock count value. At "24", it is understood that the mute must be maintained. This mute determination corresponds to "YES" in step SPb11.

By the way, it is assumed that the pattern data RPD at the time of accompaniment of the chord C major before the key event is represented as shown in FIG. In this case, since the mute is instructed by the clock count value "23" as shown in the figure, the contents of the registers KEY _{0 to 2} at this point are all "0" for the mute instruction. Has become. That is, the sound generation mode at the clock count value “24” is the same before the change ((c) in the figure) and after the change ((b) in the figure). In such a case, step SPb15
The determination is “YES”, and the sound generation control process is not performed and the process directly returns.

On the other hand, it is assumed that the pattern data RPD at the time of accompaniment of the chord C major before the key event is represented as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in the figure, the clock count value "23" needs to continue the sound produced at the second beat. Therefore, key codes (key codes of dotted quarter notes) corresponding to the sound of the second beat are written in the registers KEY ₀ to 2. However, it is necessary to mute the clock count value "24" (third beat) after changing the chord (see (b) of the same figure).
Therefore, in such a case, step SPb1
Proceed to step 6, and sound channel c of tone generator 12
Key off h0 ~ 2 to mute, and then register K
Return after clearing EY ₀ to ₂ (step SP
b17).

The above is the meaning of the processing in steps SPb4 to SPb11 and steps SPb15 to SPb17.

Although the processing of steps SPb11 to SPb17 is the processing when the mute is instructed at the timing after the change, conversely, the sound may be instructed. In this case, the processing of steps SPb11 to SPb14 is performed. This process will be described below.

When the tone generation mode instruction data PD _{24 at the} timing in the changed pattern data is other than (F) _H and (0) _H ,
And, when the tone generation mode instruction data PD ₂₄ detected sequentially from the timing is other than (0) _H ,
This is the case where the pronunciation is instructed after the change. In this case, the determination in step SPb11 is “NO”,
The determination in step SPb12 is performed. This determination is similar to the determination in step SPb15 described above, and "YE
In the case of "S", the sound is muted at the timing by the pattern data before the change. Further, in the case of "NO", the sound is produced at the timing according to the pattern data before the change. Then, if the determination in step SPb12 is "YES", "0" is written in the flag MODE, and if "NO", "1" is written in the flag MODE (steps SPb13, SPb). After this process, the process moves to the subroutine "PAT KEY". The tone generation process is performed in this subroutine.

Subroutine "PAT KEY (Normal)" This subroutine is a subroutine for controlling the tone generation channels ch0 to 2 of the tone generator 12. However, the key-on mode shown in FIG. 5 is "normal",
Since the processing is different in each of the cases of "tie key on" and "delay key on", the case of "normal" will be described here.

First, in step SPc1 shown in FIG. 11, (D
T-1). MOD. 4 is performed, and the result of the operation is stored in the register TBLNO. Write to R. This calculation is a calculation for converting the value of the tone generation mode instruction data PD into the pitch mode number TBLNO (see FIG. 5). Next, in step SPc2, an operation for converting the value of the tone generation mode instruction data PD into a key-on mode number, that is, INT {(DT-1).
/ 4} and write the operation result to the register KONTP. In step SPc3, the register OK
The value of the register KEYi (i = 0 to 2) is written in Yi. The process of step SPc3 is a process of writing the previous key code generated in the channels ch0 to ch2 at this time into the register OKEY of the same number. Next, in step SPc4, the range of the root note is changed to G _{3 to} F # ₃ by the calculation shown in the figure, and the changed root note is written in the register RTKEY. An example of this processing is shown. If the root note data in the register ROOT is “0” indicating the C note, (ROOT + 5). MOD. The calculation of 12 gives "5", and the addition of "55" gives "60". The key code "60" is the key code for the C ₃ note, as shown in FIG.

Next, in step SPc5, the register TBLS
EL. The table corresponding to the select number in R (already set in step SPb2) is read, and the register TBLNO. Pitch mode number TBLN in R
Read the data corresponding to O. Then, a numerical value corresponding to each channel ch0 to 2 of the read data is added to the value of the register RTKEY, and the addition result is written to the registers KEY ₀ to ₂ . Register RTKE now
When the content of Y is the key code “60”, the table is # 0, the pitch mode number TBLNO is 0, and the chord type is M (major), as shown in FIG. 12 is added to 60 each. Therefore, the key code “64” is stored in the register KEY _0.
The key code “67” is written in EY ₁ , and the key code “72” is written in the register KEY ₂ . These key codes “64”, “67” and “72” are E ₃ note and G respectively
Corresponds to ₃ tones and C ₄ tones.

When the processing of step SPc5 ends, step SPc6
And the contents of the register KONTP are "0", "1",
It is determined which of the two is "2". That is, it is determined whether the key-on mode is "normal", "delay key-on", or "tie-key-on".

Here, since "normal" will be described, the process proceeds to step SPc7. In this step SPc7,
It is determined whether the content of the register MODE is "1",
If "NO", the register K in step SPc5
The key codes written in the EY ₀ to ₂ are supplied to the tone generation channels ch0 to ch2 in the tone generator 12, and the key codes are produced (step SPc).
8). On the other hand, if the content of the register MODE is "1", the determination at step SPc7 is "NO", and the key code written in the register KEY _0-2 and the key code in the tone generation channels ch0-ch2 in the tone generator 12 are determined. Are replaced to produce sound (step SPc9).
In this way, the key codes are exchanged because the tone generation channels ch0 to c when the register MODE is "1".
This is because h2 continues to be sounded by the key code supplied before that (steps SPb12 and SPb).
14), the previous key code is replaced with the new key code in order to produce a continuous pronunciation (pronunciation corresponding to the slur symbol).

When the key-on process of steps SPc8 and SPc9 is completed, the process returns. The return destination is the main routine when this subroutine is called in "PAT.CHG" (Fig. 8).

The above explanation of the operation is the sound generation process when there is a key event (chord change) during automatic accompaniment.
N ”→“ KEY / EVT ”→“ PAT / CHG ”→“ P ”
After returning to the main routine "MAIN" through the routine "AT.KEY", if the tone generation is not instructed at the timing of the changed pattern data, the mute processing (step SPb16) in the subroutine "PAT.CHG" etc. After performing, the process returns to the main routine "MAIN".

By the way, the normal sounding process of the automatic accompaniment is a process automatically performed based on the tempo clock TP. The processing in this case is performed by the subroutine "CLK.I" shown in FIG.
RQ "and the subroutine" PAT-R "shown in FIG.
EAD ". These will be described below.

Subroutine “CLK · IRQ” First, when the tempo clock TP is issued from the tempo clock generator 7 shown in FIG. 1, the CPU 2 is interrupted, and as a result, the process is executed by the subroutine “CLK · IRQ”.
Then, in step SPd1, it is determined whether or not the flag RUN "1" is "NO". If "NO", the process returns. If "YES", the process moves to step SPd2. In step SPd2, rhythm sound generation processing (percussion-based sound generation) is performed according to the value of the register CLK and the selected rhythm type. Next, in step SPd3, it is determined whether or not the remainder obtained by dividing the content of the register CLK by 12 is "0". This judgment is "YE
In the case of "S", the content of the register CLK indicates the start timing (0, 12, 24, 36) of the beat. This step SPd
When the judgment of 3 is "NO", the subroutine "PA
The process of "T.READ" is performed, and in the case of "YES", the contents of the register TCHD are written in the register CHD, and then the process proceeds to the above-mentioned subroutine "PAT.READ". The process of step SPd4 is a process for writing the key code, which has not been written in the register CHK, because the determination in step SPd5 described above is "NO".

Subroutine "PAT.READ" First, in step SPe1 shown in FIG. 13, the pattern data RPD to be played is selected based on the rhythm type and the chord type data in the register TYPE.
Written to register PAT. Then, the table select data TBLSEL and the delay time data at the addresses "-2" and "-1" of the pattern data RPD are respectively registered in the register TBLSEL. R and register D
Write to LYTM. Next, in step SPe3, it is determined whether the content of the register CLK is even or odd,
If it is an even number, the process proceeds to step SPe4, and the pattern data address “CLK / 2” is stored in the registers DT and NDT.
The tone generation mode instruction data PD _n and PD _{n + 1} (n is the content of the register CLK) in the lower 4 bits and the upper 4 bits of the are written respectively. If the content of the register CLK is odd, the pronunciations in the upper 4 bits of the address "(CLK-1) / 2" and the lower 4 bits of the address "(CLK + 1) / 2" of the pattern data are registered in the registers DT and NDT. The mode instruction data PD _n and PPD _{n + 1} are written (step SPe5). This step SPe4
By the processing of SPe5, the tone generation mode instruction data PD to be processed at that time is written to the register DT, and the tone generation mode instruction data PD to be processed at the next timing (CLK + 1) is written to the register NDT. For example, if the content of the register CLK is "4", the fifth address shown in FIG. "2" sound mode instruction data PD ₄ for, PD ₅ is register DT, written in the NDT, the content of the register CLK is "5" for the sound mode instruction data PD ₅ of address "2", sound mode instruction data PD ₆ and register DT of address "3" is written in the NDT. When the value of CLK + 1 becomes "48" in step SPe5, the lower 4 bits of the address "0" are written.

Next, in step SPe6, it is determined whether the content of the register DT is (F) _H , that is, whether the tone generation mode instruction data PD to be processed at the timing is “do nothing”. This judgment is "YE
In the case of "S", the process proceeds to step SPe11 to register N
It is determined whether or not the content of DT is (F) _H , that is, whether or not the pronunciation mode instruction data PD to be processed next is “do nothing”. If this determination is "YES", the process returns. If "NO", it is determined in step SPe12 whether the content of the register DL1 is "0".
Since the register DL1 has been cleared by the initialization processing in step SP1 shown in FIG. 6, the determination in step SPe12 is “YES”, and step SPe
In step 15, it is determined whether the content of the register DL2 is "0". Since this register DL2 is also reset in step SP1, the determination is "YES" and the routine returns. In this way, when the content of the register DT is (F) _H , steps SPe6 and SPe1
1 or further steps SPe12, SPe
The process returns via step 15 to step SPd5 of the subroutine "CLK.IRQ". In step SPd5, a process of incrementing the content of the register CLK by 1 is performed. Note that the calculation shown in step SPd5 is performed by changing the contents of the register CLK from "0" to
This is to circulate at “47”.

On the other hand, in step SPe6 shown in FIG.
When it becomes "O", the process proceeds to step SPe7 and the register DT
Is determined to be (0) _H or not. If this determination is "YES", the key-off is instructed at the timing, so all tone generation channels ch0 to ch2 of the tone generator 12 are keyed off, and the registers KEY ₀ to ₂ are cleared (step SPe).
8, SPe9). If "NO" is determined in step SPe7, the flag MODE is set to "0" in step SPe10 and then the subroutine "PAT-KE" is set.
Move to the processing of "Y".

The processing of the subroutine "PAT-KEY" is as described above, the key-on mode is normal, and the flag MODE is set.
Is 0, sound is produced by the processing of steps SPc1 to SPc8. After this tone generation processing, the process returns to step SPe11. When the key-on mode is normal, step SPe11 or step S
Pe12 through SPe15 and step SPd in FIG.
The process returns to 5 and increments the register CLK.

The above processing is performed every time the tempo clock TP is issued. The above is the key-on mode “normal” processing.

B: Delay Key On Next, the case of delay key on will be described.

This delay key-on is a subroutine "PAT KE".
The procedure is the same as the normal case except that the processing contents of Y "and" PAT / READ "are changed and the processing of the subroutine" TIMER / IRQ "is added. First, the processing of the subroutine" PAT / KEY " explain.

Subroutine "PAT KEY" (delay key ON) First, steps SPc1 to SPc6 are the same as in the normal case, but the determination in step SPc6 leads to step SPc10 to determine whether or not the register MOD is "1". It If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SPc9 and the chords in the channels Ch0 to ch2 are replaced with the chords in the registers KEY _{0 to 2} to pronounce all three chords. That is, the delay key-on process is not performed, and three sounds are simultaneously sounded. This is because the register MOD becomes "1" when there is a key event for changing a chord and the tone generation is continued by the pattern data before the change, so if the delay key-on is performed by a new key code. This is because it becomes musically unnatural.

On the other hand, if "NO" is determined in step SPc10, the delay time data (see FIG. 5) written in the register DLYTM in step SPb2 or step SPe2 is written in the register DL1 and the delay time data is doubled. And write it to the register DL2. Then, the flow proceeds to step SPc12, to the key-on to supply Kikodo in register KEY ₀ to channel ch _0. That is, the key code of the register KEY ₀ (the lowest note of the notes forming the chord as shown in FIG. 4) is immediately sounded without the delay key-on. Step SPc1
Immediately after the processing of step 2, the main routine "MAI
Return to N "or step SPe11 in FIG.
→ (SPc12, 15) → Returns to the main routine via SPd5 in FIG. The former is the case where "PAT-KEY" is called in the subroutine "PAT-CHG", and the latter is the subroutine "PAT-R".
This is the case when "PAT.KEY" is called in "EAD." Then, when the pulse signal IP is output from the timer 8 while the main routine "MAIN" is circulating, the process proceeds to the subroutine "TIMER.IRQ". In this case, since the cycle of the pulse signal IP is set sufficiently shorter than the tempo clock TP, normally the subroutine "TI" is supplied before the next tempo clock TP is supplied.
MER / IRQ "processing is performed.

Subroutine "TIMER IRQ" First, in step SPf1, it is determined whether or not the content of the flag RUN is "1". If "NO", the process returns to the main routine "MAIN". If "YES", the process proceeds to step SPf2. move on. If the content of the register DL1 is not "0" at step SPf2, the content of the register DL1 is decremented by 1 (step SPf3). Then, it is determined whether or not the content of the register DL1 after the subtraction is "0" (step SPf4), and if it is "0", the key code in the register KEY ₁ is supplied to the channel ch1 and the key is turned on. If the determination in step SPf4 is "NO", the process proceeds to step SPf6.

Next, the processing of steps SPf6 to SPf9 is processing for register DL2 that is exactly the same as the processing of SPf2 to SPf5 described above. Then, when the processing of step SPf9 is completed, the routine returns, and when the pulse signal IP is supplied again, this subroutine "TIME"
When the processing of the subroutine "TIMER.IRQ" is performed every time the pulse signal IP is supplied in this way, the contents of the registers DL1 and DL2 in which the delay time data was initially written are stepped. SP
Subsequent subtraction is performed by the processing of f3 and SPf7, and when the subtraction result becomes "0", the register KEY ₁ ,
The key code in KEY ₂ is supplied to the channel ch1 or the channel ch2 to be turned on. That is, the sound of the channel ch1 is delayed from the channel ch0 by the delay time data, and the register DL2
2 is twice the content of the register DL1 (see step SPc11), the pronunciation of the channel ch2 is delayed from the pronunciation of the channel ch1 by the delay time data. The illustration is as shown in FIG.

Step SPe of subroutine "PAT READ"
13 to SPe17 By the way, when the tempo of the music is fast, when the delay key-on process is performed, the sounding timing of the delayed key code may be delayed from the next note to be sounded later. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, the first 1
When the delay key-on processing is performed for the 6th note chord, the sounding timing of the channel ch2 is
It may be delayed from the sounding timing t ₁ of the sixth note.
Since this is musically unnatural, in such a case, the delay process is interrupted and the sounding timing of the channel ch2 is shifted before the timing t ₁ .

Step SPe1 of subroutine "PAT READ"
The processing of 3 to SPe17 is for this purpose. This process will be described below.

Now, it is assumed that the next tempo clock TP is issued before the delay key-on process is completed. As a result,
The process is performed by "PA" via the subroutine "CLK / IRQ".
T.READ ”is reached. Then, the determination at step SPe11 is made through steps SPe1 to SPe6. In this case, when sound is generated at the timing of the next tempo clock TP, the determination at step SPe11 is" NO ". Because Move to step SPe12,
It is determined whether the content of the register DL1 is "0". If this determination is "NO", it means that the delay key-on processing has not been performed yet for the tone generation channel ch1, and therefore the register DL1 in step SPe13.
Clear, and register KEY to channel ch1
_The key code is supplied in ₁ and the key is forcibly turned on (step SPe14). On the other hand, if the determination in step SPe12 is "YES", it is determined in step SPe15 whether the content of the register DL2 is "0". If this determination is “YES”, channels ch1 and ch2
Since both of the delay key-on processings have been completed, the processing returns to the main routine "MAIN" through step SPd5. If "NO" in the step SP15, the register DL2 is cleared and the channel ch
2 is supplied with the key code in the register KEY2 to forcibly turn on the key. After this process, step SPd5
To return to the main routine "MAIN".

The above is the delay key-on processing.

C: Thai Key On Next, the process of Thai key on will be described. In this case, the processing is the same as the normal processing described above, except for the processing of the subroutine "PAT.KEY".

Step SPc1 of the subroutine "PAT KEY"
The processing up to SPc6 is the same as that in the normal case, but it is "1" in the determination of step SPc6, and the process proceeds to step SPc13. In step SPc13, the register i is cleared, and further, step S
The register j is cleared at Pc14. Then, in step SPc15, the contents of the register OKEYi and the register KEYi are compared. This process is step S
This is a process of determining whether or not the previous key code data written in the register OKEYi in Pc3 and the current key code data written in the register KEYi in step SPc5 match. In step SPc15, it is also determined whether or not the contents of the register i and the register j are different. This step SPc
The first determination in 15 is a comparison of the contents of the registers OKEY ₀ and KEY _0. However, since i = j, the determination is NO, and the process proceeds to step SPc17. In step SPc17, 1 is added to the content of the register j, and the process proceeds to step SPc18. Step SPc
Reference numeral 18 is a process for determining whether or not the value of the register j is less than "3". If the addition process in step SPc17 is less than or equal to two, "YES" is returned, and the process proceeds to step SPc15 again to perform the comparison process. The second comparison processing in step SPc15 is a comparison of whether or not OKEY ₀ = KEY ₁ . If this determination is “YES”, the register KEYi
And the contents of the register KEYj are exchanged (step SP
c16). That is, in the above case, the contents of the register KEY ₀ and the register KEY ₁ are exchanged. Thereafter, similarly, the contents of the register j are incremented, and the processing of step SPc15 is performed again. If the process of step SPc17 is performed after this process, the determination at step SPc1 becomes "NO", and the content of the register i is incremented at step SPc19. Next, step S
The process proceeds to Pc20, and it is determined whether the content of the register i is less than 3. This determination is “YES” when the processing in step SPc19 is twice or less, so the processing returns to step SPc14 again. That is, the value of the register i is set to "1" and the above process is repeated. Thereafter, similarly, the value of the register i is set to 2 and the above processing is performed, and the step SP is performed again.
When it reaches c20, this determination becomes “NO”, and step S
The loop consisting of Pc14 to step SPc20 is exited.

By the processing of this loop, the register OKEYi = KEY
When it becomes j, the contents of the register KEYi and the contents of the register KEYj are exchanged. As a result, the key code to be pronounced next in the register KEYi (i _{= 0 to 2} ) is
If it is the same as the key code of the sounding channel chi currently being sounded, it is replaced with the register KEYi having the same number as the sounding channel. However, if the same key code is written in the register KEYi that is the same as the tone generation channel chi from the beginning, this process is not performed because there is no need for replacement.

For example, as shown in FIG. 17, the present G ₃ sound, B ₃ sound, D ₄ sound
A chord (chord G) based on the sound is played, and the register O
Key code "6" is added to KEY ₀ , OKEY ₁ , and OKEY ₂ , respectively.
It is assumed that "7", "71", and "74" have been written.
Then, the next tones to be pronounced are E ₃ tone, G ₃ tone and D ₄ tone (chord C _9th ), and key codes “64”, “67” and “74” are respectively stored in the registers KEY ₀ , KEY ₁ and KEY _2. Is written. In this case, KEY ₂ = OKEY ₂ , K
EY ₁ = OKEY ₀ , and there is no match for KEY ₀ . Therefore, the contents of the registers KEY ₁ and KEY ₀ can be exchanged, while the register KEY ₂ remains unchanged. The correspondence is shown below.

Next, when the register i is cleared in step SPc21, the register OK is set in step SPc22.
It is determined whether the contents of Yi and the register KEYi having the same number are the same. If the result of this determination is "NO", the flow proceeds to step SPc23, where it is determined whether the flag MODE is "1", and if "NO", it means that there is no sound currently being sounded, so the sound generation channel chi is selected. The key code of the register KEYi is supplied to perform the key-on process (step SPc24). In addition, step SPc2
If the judgment of 3 is "YES", it means that there is a sound currently being sounded, and therefore the sound code is performed by exchanging the key code of the sound generation channel chi and the key code of the register KEYi (step SPc25). After these processes, the register i is incremented in step SPc26, the process proceeds to step SPc22 via step SPc27, and the above operation is repeated.

On the other hand, if the determination in step SPc22 is "YES", the new sounding process (steps SPc24, 25) is not performed, and the process goes to step SPc22 via steps SPc26, SPc27 to repeat the above process. If new pronunciation processing is not performed in this way, the pronunciation channel chi
Keeps emitting the previous sound.

Then, when the processing of steps SPc22 to SPc26 is performed three times, the determination at step SPc27 becomes "NO" and the process returns.

Here, if the above process is performed in the example shown in Table 1, OKEYi = K when i = 0 and i = 2.
Since the EYi, not performed a new sound processing for sound channel ch0 and ch2, D ₄ is the last sound
Sound and G ₃ sound are emitted continuously. Further, for the sound generation channel ch1, the sound E ₃ is newly generated in step SPc24. As a result, as shown in FIG. 17, the D ₄ note and the G ₃ note are pronounced as notes connected by tie marks.

The above is the tie-key on processing.

D: Overall operation example FIG. 18 is an example of pattern data. FIG. 19 shows a performance example when # 0 is selected in the pattern data and the chord type is C major. As shown in this figure, the start timing (C
LK = “0”), the pronunciation mode instruction data PD ₀
Is (9) _H , the key-on mode is delay key-on and the pitch mode number TBLNO is “0” as shown in FIG. Thus, playing a delay key-on of the 19 E ₃ sounds as shown in FIG, G ₃ sounds, C ₄ sounds. Then, at the timing when the register CLK becomes "1" to "10", nothing is done because the tone generation mode instruction data PD is (F) _H. At the timing when the register CLK becomes “11”, the sound generation mode instruction data PD is (0).
_Since it becomes _H , the above sounds are muted. As a result,
E ₃ sounds as shown in FIG, G ₃ sounds, C ₄ sound is pronounced by the length of a quarter note. Then, at the timing when the register CLK becomes “12”, the tone mode instruction data PD is (1) _H , so that the tone mode number T is reached when the normal key is turned on.
BLNO is selected as "0". Therefore, at this timing, E ₃ , G ₃ , and C ₄ tones are emitted. Then, since the sound generation mode instruction data at the timing when the register CLK becomes “17” is (0) _H , the above sounds are muted at this point. As a result, each of the above notes is sounded at the length of an eighth note. Next, register CL
The pronunciation mode instruction data P at the timing when K becomes "18"
Since D is (A) _H , the pitch mode number TBLNO becomes "1" when the delay key is turned on. As a result, the C _9th chord is produced (see Fig. 4), and the E ₃ note, G ₃ note, and D ₄ note
The sound is pronounced. Since the tone generation mode instruction data PD at the timing when the register CLK becomes "24" is (5) _H , the key-on mode is the tie key-on and the pitch mode number TBLNO is "0" as shown in FIG. .
As a result, E ₃ sound, G ₃ sound, C ₄ sound are produced, and
The E ₃ and G ₃ sounds are connected by the Thai symbol.
Also, since the sounding mode instruction data PD at the final timing of the second beat (CLK = “23”) is not (0) _H , the C ₄ note of the 3rd beat is sounded without silencing (key code replacement). Pronunciation), the pronunciation of sounds connected by the slur symbol. Next, at the timing when the register CLK becomes "29", the mute is instructed, and thereafter, the sounding mode instruction data PD is (F) _H until the leading timing of the fourth beat. As a result, eighth rests are expressed as shown in FIG. And the start timing of the 4th beat and 4
Pronunciation mode instruction data P at the timing of 1/2 of the beat
Since D is (3) _H , (1) _H , ♭ E ₃ note, ♭
G ₃ sounds, ♭ C ₄ sound (= B ₃ sound) and E ₃ sound, G ₃ sounds, C ₄ sound is pronounced by the length of an eighth note, respectively.

(3: Modification of Embodiment) The above embodiment can be modified as follows.

In the above-described embodiment, the performance of the accompaniment keyboard is mainly described, but a melody keyboard may be added to perform the melody performance together.

As an automatic accompaniment form, a single chord performance is shown, but it is also possible to combine it with other parts such as a bass sound and an automatic arpeggio performance. Further, although the root note itself is not pronounced in the above-mentioned embodiment, the root note may be also pronounced.

In the delay key-on, the dedicated timer 8 measures the delay time, but the delay time may be measured using the depo clock TP.

The tempo resolution and time signature are “48” in the embodiment.
However, the resolution is not limited to this, and other arbitrary resolutions and time signatures can be set, and they can be configured in combination.

Although a plurality of tables are provided in the embodiment, the number of tables may be one. In this case, the table select data TBSEL becomes unnecessary.

In the embodiment, the change of the pitch is performed by selecting the pitch mode number TBLNO in the table according to the sound mode instruction data PD, but it may be calculated not depending on the table.

For example, in the case of a semitone lowering change (pitch mode number 2 in FIG. 5) or the like, a process of mechanically subtracting 1 from the key code value may be performed.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, when the pattern data instructs the generation of a tie expression, a chord newly generated in the constituent tones of the chord currently generated at the time of changing the chord is generated. When it is detected that there is a note with the same pitch as the constituent note, the occurrence of this note is maintained as it is, so it is possible to automatically give a tie expression to any note in the automatic accompaniment. It is possible to produce performance effects that are not found in the world.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view showing a relationship between key codes and keys used in the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a format of rhythm pattern data in the embodiment. FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the contents of a table for determining the pitch of the chord of the automatic accompaniment, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the function of the pronunciation mode instruction data, and FIG. 6 is the main routine of the same embodiment. Flow chart, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, FIG.
4 is a flow chart showing a subroutine of the same embodiment, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a sounding process when there is a key event during automatic accompaniment, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of sounding mode instruction data, FIG. 15 is a timing chart for explaining the delay key-on processing, FIG. 16 is a timing chart for showing prohibition processing in the delay key-on processing, FIG. 17 is a musical score for explaining the tie-key on processing, and FIG. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the pronunciation mode instruction data in the operation example, and FIG. 19 is a musical score showing an example of performance when the pronunciation mode instruction data shown in FIG. 1 ... keyboard circuit, 2 ... CPU, 3 ......... program memory, 4 ... working memory, 5 ... rhythm pattern memory, 6 ... table memory, 7 ... tempo clock generator, 8 ... timer, 12 ... Tone generator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A. Chord specifying means for specifying a chord to be played, b. Storage means for storing pattern data for controlling generation of chords and tie expression generation of chords at each performance timing based on the clock signal; c. Musical tone generating means for generating a constituent sound of a chord based on the pattern data sequentially read from the storage means based on a clock signal and the chord designated by the chord designating means; d. When the read pattern data indicates the generation of a tie expression of a chord, among the constituent sounds of the chord currently generated by the musical sound generating means, the constituent sound of the chord to be newly generated by the musical sound generating means. An automatic accompaniment device comprising: a sound generation control unit that detects a sound having the same pitch as that of the sound detection unit and continues the generation of the detected sound.