JPH0674497A - Ice heat storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] The present invention relates to an ice heat storage device, wherein a water-absorbing polymer material containing water is used as a heat storage body, and a closed circuit is provided between the heat storage tank, the condenser, and the heat exchanger. It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly efficient sealed ice heat storage device that does not use a CFC-based refrigerant. [Structure] With the solenoid valves 10 and 11 closed, the primary vacuum pump 4 decompresses the inside of the heat storage tank and the condenser 2, and at night, the secondary vacuum pump 5 is operated to increase the water absorption in the heat storage tank 1. The heat storage body G made of molecular gel is made into ice. Next, during the daytime, the electromagnetic valves 6 and 7 are closed, and the circulating water pump 9 is operated with the electromagnetic valves 10 and 11 open, and the water generated by defrosting the heat storage body G is supplied to the heat exchanger 8. The cold water S supplied and obtained in the heat exchanger 8 is used for cooling. Solenoid valves 6 and 7 again
By switching between 10 and 11, it is possible to shift to the cold heat storage operation while maintaining the reduced pressure state in the heat storage tank 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ice heat storage device applied to a cooling device or the like, and more particularly to an ice heat storage device using a water-absorbing polymer material as a heat storage body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, protection of the ozone layer in the field of global environment is one of the most important issues. In recent years, the demand for electric power has been widening the gap between day and night in the summer.
For the purpose of reducing this difference, practical use of electricity storage, night heat storage system, etc. has been promoted. Among them, an ice heat storage system that uses latent heat of ice has recently attracted particular attention, but in the conventional heat storage air conditioning system, the method that uses the temperature difference of water is the mainstream and secures a space for a large-capacity heat storage tank. However, the drawback of being difficult was that it was an obstacle to its widespread use.

As a method of solving the above-mentioned drawbacks, a method of increasing the heat storage density by utilizing latent heat of water-ice has been proposed and is about to enter the stage of practical use ("Latest trend of ice heat storage").
Magazine "Energy Saving" Special Issue, Volume 41, No.7, (198
(7 years) (issued by the Energy Conservation Center). At present, all the applied ice heat storage systems use a CFC-based refrigerant to make ice by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and water. Such a cooling system using ice heat storage has been developed by several manufacturers in Japan and overseas, and its energy efficiency (COP)
Is about 2.5 and is in the stage of practical application.

By the way, the ice making and thawing methods in the ice heat storage devices that have been developed so far are either a refrigerating method or a heat pipe method using a CFC gas type refrigerant.
The mutual relationship between the heat exchanger for defrosting and the heat storage tank is a key point in the system configuration. The ice making method in this case is divided into a static type in which ice is grown on the heat exchange surface and stored as it is, and a dynamic type in which ice is continuously or intermittently peeled from the heat exchange surface and stored in a state of being dispersed in the entire storage tank. To be done.

[0005]

However, in the ice-making / thawing-type ice heat storage device using the above-mentioned CFC-based refrigerant, how can the heat transfer during ice making be improved, and how can the heat transfer be performed? It was very difficult to improve efficiency in terms of how to increase the ice filling rate without decreasing the speed. Further, in both cases, there is a drawback that the refrigerator uses a CFC-based refrigerant and cannot comply with the CFC regulation which is expected to progress in the future.

In view of this, the present invention uses a water-absorbing polymer material containing water as a heat storage material, and forms a closed circuit between the heat storage tank, the condenser, and the heat exchanger so that the CFC-based refrigerant can be used. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient sealed ice heat storage device that is not used.

[0007]

The invention according to claim 1 is
In order to solve the above problems, a heat storage tank accommodating a heat storage material made of a water-absorbing polymer material containing water, a condenser connected to the heat storage tank, and a heat storage tank and a condenser, in the heat storage tank And a second exhaust means for decompressing the inside of the condenser, a second exhaust means arranged in a path connecting the heat storage tank and the condenser, for exhausting air from the heat storage tank toward the condenser, the heat storage tank and the condenser. In the path connecting the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger, a first disconnecting unit arranged in the path connecting the heat storage tank and the condenser, capable of cutting off the connection between the heat storage tank and the condenser, Is arranged in a water supply means for supplying water from the heat storage tank to the heat exchanger, and is arranged in a path connecting the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger,
It has a 2nd interception means which can intercept a connection between a heat storage tank and a heat exchanger.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the structure of claim 1, a circulating water tank is arranged in the path between the heat storage tank and the water supply means. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 3 has, in addition to the configuration of claim 2, a condenser and a circulating water tank so that the water generated in the condenser is supplied to the circulating water tank. It is characterized by being connected.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, the second exhaust means is
It is characterized in that it also serves as the first exhaust means.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the exhaust operation of the second exhaust means is performed with the first exhaust means decompressing the inside of the heat storage tank and the second shutoff means disconnecting the connection between the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger. Thus, the heat storage body in the heat storage tank is evaporated and condensed by the condenser. At this time, the water remaining in the heat storage body becomes ice due to the latent heat of evaporation. Next, the first cutoff means connects the heat storage tank to the condenser, the second cutoff means releases the cutoff, and the cold water thawed in the heat storage tank is sent to the heat exchanger by the water feed pump to exchange heat. I do.

According to the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the action of the first aspect, the cold water thawed in the heat storage tank is temporarily stored in the circulating water tank, and the cold water having a sufficient flow rate and flow rate is supplied to the heat exchanger. Supplied. According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 2, the water generated by the condenser is directly supplied to the circulating water tank, which enables continuous operation in which the water supply operation is minimized.

According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the operation of claim 1, the second exhaust means also serves as the first exhaust means, and the apparatus is miniaturized.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the ice heat storage device according to the present invention, which is an example applied to a cooling device. First, the configuration will be described.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a heat storage tank, and the heat storage tank 1 is a gel water-absorbing polymer (WAP: Wa) containing water.
A heat storage body G made of a ter Absorbable Polymer material is stored. The water-absorbent polymer is used for diapers and hygiene products, etc., and depending on the material, absorbs several to several tens of times its own weight, and sometimes several hundred times of water to form a gel, and maintains its shape as a solid. Moreover, most of the water in the gel that has absorbed a sufficiently large amount of water has a melting point of 0, which is almost the same as ordinary water.
It is free water at 0 ° C., and it is considered that evaporation, condensation, and solidification of water occur under conditions close to those of normal water (“super absorbent polymer” 1987). The water-absorbent polymer is starch-based,
It can be appropriately selected and used from known materials such as cellulose type and synthetic polymer type (for example, polyacrylate type, polyvinyl alcohol type, polyacrylamide type, polyoxyethylene type, etc.), and the evaporation area of water can be increased. The shape may be any shape such as powder (spherical / amorphous), sheet-like or fibrous (short fiber / long fiber / nonwoven fabric) as long as it is large.

In the heat storage tank 1, it is preferable that the heat storage material is supported by a heat equalizing material having a good thermal conductivity. By doing so, the temperature in the tank is kept uniform during ice making and thawing. It is possible to make uniform ice making and melting, and improve efficiency. Specifically, for example, a plate or net of copper or aluminum is used as a saucer for powdery water-absorbent polymer, or a film-shaped water-absorbent polymer is used by laminating it with a thin film or plate of copper or aluminum. You can

A condenser 2 is connected to the heat storage tank 1,
A primary vacuum pump (first exhaust means) 4 is connected to the heat storage tank 1 and the condenser 2 via a solenoid valve 3. The primary vacuum pump 4 decompresses the inside of the heat storage tank 1 and the inside of the condenser 2. A secondary vacuum pump (second evacuation means) 5 is arranged in the path connecting the heat storage tank 1 and the condenser 2, and exhausts heat from the heat storage tank 1 toward the condenser 2. Further, in the path connecting the heat storage tank 1 and the condenser 2, the heat storage tank 1 and the condenser 2 are connected.
Electromagnetic valves (first shut-off means) 6 and 7 capable of shutting off the connection with are arranged.

A heat exchanger 8 is connected to the heat storage tank 1, and a circulating water pump (water supply means) 9 is arranged in a path connecting the heat storage tank 1 and the heat exchanger 8. . The circulating water pump 9 supplies water from the heat storage tank 1 to the heat exchanger 8. Further, solenoid valves (second shutoff means) 10 and 11 capable of shutting off the connection between the heat storage tank 1 and the heat exchanger 8 are arranged in the path connecting the heat storage tank 1 and the heat exchanger 8. .

In this embodiment, the heat storage tank 1 and the circulating water pump 9
A circulating water tank 12 is arranged in the connection path between the two. Further, the water generated in the condenser 2 is the circulating water tank 12
So that the condenser 2 and the circulating water tank 12 are connected to each other. Further, in the present embodiment, the first evacuation means and the second evacuation means are constituted by different vacuum pumps,
The solenoid valve, the sluice valve, and the exhaust path may be configured such that the second exhaust means also serves as the first exhaust means, that is, the secondary vacuum pump 5 has both the functions of the first and second exhaust means. .

13 is a deionized water tank, 14 is a solenoid valve,
Reference numeral 15 is a constant pressure adjusting valve, 16 to 20 are gate valves, and 21 is a water spray nozzle. When water is supplied to the system, deionized water is supplied from the deionized water tank 13, and water is drained from the system between the circulating water pump 9 and the heat exchanger 8. . Further, the water returning from the heat exchanger 8 to the heat storage tank is evenly sprayed by the water spray nozzle 21 on the heat storage body in the heat storage tank 1.

Next, the operation will be described. (1) Decompression First, the solenoid valves 6, 10, 11, 14 are closed, and the solenoid valve 3,
With 7 open, the primary vacuum pump 4 is operated to reduce the pressure in the heat storage tank 1 to a pressure of 4.5 mmHg. (2) Cold heat storage At night, the solenoid valve 3 is closed and the solenoid valve 6 is opened so that the heat storage tank 1 side is 4.5 mmHg and the condenser 2 side is 35 mmHg with the secondary vacuum pump 5 and the constant pressure adjusting valve 15 interposed therebetween. First, the secondary vacuum pump 5 is operated using the nighttime electric power. Since the vapor pressure of water at 0 ° C is 4.5 mmHg,
By this operation, the temperature of the water contained in the heat storage body falls to 0 ° C, and when there is no phenomenon of supercooling, all the latent heat of evaporation is used for ice making, and the water remaining in the water absorbent polymer heat storage body G becomes ice. It becomes cold storage. Note that about 7 kg of ice can be produced by evaporating 1 kg of water at 0 ° C.
Further, the condenser 2 is supplied with low-temperature cooling water S of, for example, 15 ° C., but this cooling water S is warmed by heat exchange and discharged as cooling water R of 20 ° C. In this case, The COP during ice making of the device becomes 6 to 10. Also, condenser 2
By increasing the pressure on the side, high-temperature cooling water can be obtained, and this high-temperature cooling water R can also be used for heating or the like.
When obtaining high temperature water of 50 ° C, COP is expected to be around 3. (3) Cooling Then, in the daytime, the solenoid valves 6 and 7 are closed to close the solenoid valves 10 and 11.
And the circulating water pump 9 is operated to send the cold water of 0 to 4 ° C. in the circulating water tank 12 to the heat exchanger 8 while defrosting the heat storage body in the heat storage tank 1. On the other hand, the heat exchanger 8 is supplied with cold water R of 15 ° C., for example, and this cold water R becomes cold water S of 8 ° C. by heat exchange and is used as cold water for cooling.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. First, since a closed circuit is formed between the heat storage tank 1 and the condenser 2 and the heat exchanger 8, the pressure inside the heat storage tank 1 remains in a depressurized state, and the nighttime heat storage operation is followed by daytime cooling. Since the operation can be shifted to the nighttime heat storage operation again, it is possible to eliminate the work of vacuuming the inside of the heat storage tank 1 every time the operating state changes, and it is possible to reduce the energy loss of the vacuuming. .

Secondly, since the water-absorbing polymer material is used as the heat storage body G by absorbing water, the evaporation area of water can be made very large, and the heat exchange efficiency at the time of heat storage is greatly improved. can do. Thirdly, since the water-absorbing polymer material is a non-polluting substance, it is possible to prevent environmental damage caused by a refrigerator using a CFC gas refrigerant.

Fourthly, since the operation during cold heat storage is performed by using nighttime electric power, which has a low electricity rate, it is possible to contribute to energy saving. Fifth, the amount of heat exchanged in the condenser 2 can be used for heating or the like. Sixthly, since this device is composed of a simple member, it is possible to easily reduce or increase the heat storage amount by downsizing or upsizing the device, and from the home use,
It can be easily applied to commercial buildings such as buildings, and district heating and cooling heat sources in cities.

Seventh, when the first evacuation means and the second evacuation means are constituted by one vacuum pump, the device can be downsized. When the present device is applied to district cooling or the like, it may be possible to collectively make ice of superabsorbent polymer in a factory or the like. In this case, the truck can be transported to each destination in the same manner as gravel, and the transportation equipment such as piping required for a general district cooling heat source can be omitted.

[0025]

According to the present invention, the pressure in the heat storage tank can be maintained in a depressurized state when the heat storage body made in the heat storage tank is thawed and when ice is made again. It is possible to reduce energy loss due to evacuation in the heat storage tank and improve operation efficiency. The COP during ice making in this device is 6 to 10, and it is estimated that the COP is around 3 even when high-temperature water is obtained.

Further, since the water absorbent polymer material is used as a heat storage material by absorbing water, the evaporation area of water can be easily increased and the heat exchange efficiency during heat storage can be greatly improved. it can. Furthermore, since the water-absorbent polymer material is a non-polluting substance, it is possible to prevent environmental damage caused by a refrigerator using a CFC-based refrigerant.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of an ice heat storage device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Heat Storage Tank 2 Condenser 4 Primary Vacuum Pump (First Exhaust Means) 5 Secondary Vacuum Pump (Second Exhaust Means) 6, 7 Solenoid Valve (First Shutoff Means) 8 Heat Exchanger 9 Circulating Water Pump (Water Supply Means) 10, 11 Solenoid valve (second shutoff means) 12 Circulating water tank G Heat storage body

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshiharu Okazaki 1-35-8 Nihonbashi Hakibyocho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Sanken Equipment Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Ken Ken Hongo 1-35-8 Sanken Equipment Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A heat storage tank containing a heat storage body made of a water-absorbing polymer material containing water, a condenser connected to the heat storage tank, a heat storage tank and a condenser, and the inside of the heat storage tank and the condenser. The first exhaust means for decompressing the inside of the container, the second exhaust means arranged in the path connecting the heat storage tank and the condenser to exhaust the heat from the heat storage tank toward the condenser, and the heat storage tank and the condenser are connected. Is arranged in the path for connecting the heat storage tank and the condenser, and the first disconnecting means for disconnecting the connection between the heat storage tank and the condenser, the heat exchanger connected to the heat storage tank, and the path connecting the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger. And a second cutoff means arranged in a path connecting the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger, and capable of cutting off the connection between the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger. And an ice heat storage device. 2. The ice heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein a circulating water tank is arranged in a path between the heat storage tank and the water supply means. 3. The ice heat storage device according to claim 2, wherein the condenser and the circulating water tank are connected so that the water generated by the condenser is supplied to the circulating water tank. 4. The ice heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the second exhaust means also serves as the first exhaust means.