JPH068623B2 - Gas supply device for injection gas engine - Google Patents
Gas supply device for injection gas engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH068623B2 JPH068623B2 JP23918388A JP23918388A JPH068623B2 JP H068623 B2 JPH068623 B2 JP H068623B2 JP 23918388 A JP23918388 A JP 23918388A JP 23918388 A JP23918388 A JP 23918388A JP H068623 B2 JPH068623 B2 JP H068623B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- tank
- engine
- pressure
- liquefied gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 101
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 40
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 11
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 that is Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、液体水素、液化天然ガス、液化石油ガス等の
低温液化ガスを燃料とするガスエンジンの燃料供給に関
する。更に詳しくはガスエンジンの圧縮行程前半にガス
噴射弁から燃焼室に可燃ガスを噴射する噴射式ガスエン
ジンのガス供給装置に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to fuel supply for a gas engine that uses a low-temperature liquefied gas such as liquid hydrogen, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas or the like as a fuel. More specifically, the present invention relates to a gas supply device for an injection type gas engine that injects a combustible gas from a gas injection valve into a combustion chamber in the first half of a compression stroke of the gas engine.
［従来の技術］ この種のガスエンジン、例えば水素エンジンは水素燃焼
に際して一酸化炭素や炭化水素のような人体に有害なガ
スを排出しないため、排気がクリーンで高出力が得られ
る特長を有する。一方、ガスエンジンは燃料タンクを小
容量にするためにタンクには燃料を低温液化ガス、すな
わち液体水素の形態で貯えている。[Prior Art] This type of gas engine, for example, a hydrogen engine, does not emit harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons to the human body during hydrogen combustion, and thus has a feature that exhaust is clean and high output can be obtained. On the other hand, the gas engine stores fuel in the form of low-temperature liquefied gas, that is, liquid hydrogen in the tank in order to make the fuel tank small in capacity.
従来の燃料タンクは液体水素の温度が零下253℃という
極低温であるため、貯蔵する液体水素を二重構造の断熱
層で被包して外気と遮断しており、またタンク圧がゲー
ジ圧で１気圧を越えると作動する安全弁を備えている。
更に従来の燃料タンクの内部には液体水素を取出してガ
スエンジンに供給するためのポンプユニットが設けられ
る。Since the temperature of liquid hydrogen in a conventional fuel tank is extremely low, 253 ° C below zero, the liquid hydrogen to be stored is covered with a double-layered heat insulating layer to block it from the outside air, and the tank pressure is a gauge pressure. Equipped with a safety valve that operates when the pressure exceeds 1 atmosphere.
Further, a pump unit for extracting liquid hydrogen and supplying it to a gas engine is provided inside the conventional fuel tank.
しかし、タンク内部にポンプユニットを設けた従来の燃
料タンクは、このポンプユニットを駆動するための駆動
ユニットをタンク外部に設置するため、駆動ユニットか
らポンプユニットにいたる部分の伝熱面積が大きくな
り、外気からの熱をタンク内に放散し易い。この熱放散
によりタンク内の液体水素の蒸発でタンク圧が上昇する
と、気化した水素を安全弁から放出しなければならなか
った。However, in a conventional fuel tank having a pump unit inside the tank, a drive unit for driving this pump unit is installed outside the tank, so that the heat transfer area from the drive unit to the pump unit becomes large, It is easy to dissipate the heat from the outside air into the tank. When the tank pressure rose due to the evaporation of liquid hydrogen in the tank due to this heat dissipation, the vaporized hydrogen had to be discharged from the safety valve.
また、従来のガス供給装置はポンプユニットを駆動する
電動モータの消費エネルギーが小さくなく、容量の大き
いバッテリを必要とする問題点があつた。In addition, the conventional gas supply device has a problem that the energy consumption of the electric motor that drives the pump unit is not small and a battery having a large capacity is required.
本出願人らは、上記燃料タンクの断熱効果を高めるため
に、ポンプユニット及び燃料パイプ等を断熱層で取囲ん
だ「低温液化ガスタンクの燃料取出装置」を特許出願し
（特願昭62-101999）、更に電動モータの消費エネルギ
ーを減少するために、電動モータをガス圧モータで代替
した「低温液化ガスエンジン用ガス供給装置」を特許出
願した（特願昭62-295616）。In order to enhance the heat insulating effect of the fuel tank, the present applicants have applied for a patent for a "fuel extraction device for a low temperature liquefied gas tank" in which a pump unit, a fuel pipe and the like are surrounded by a heat insulating layer (Japanese Patent Application No. 62-101999). ), In order to further reduce the energy consumption of the electric motor, a patent application for a "gas supply device for low temperature liquefied gas engine" in which the electric motor is replaced by a gas pressure motor (Japanese Patent Application No. 62-295616).
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ しかし、前者の「低温液化ガスタンクの燃料取出装置」
によっても、燃料タンクの断熱は完全ではなく、すなわ
ち外部からのタンク内への熱放散を阻止してタンク内に
おける液体水素の蒸発を全く抑えることは困難で、なお
安全弁から放出する水素はガスエンジンの吸気系に供給
するようにしている。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the former "fuel extraction device for low temperature liquefied gas tank"
However, the heat insulation of the fuel tank is not perfect, that is, it is difficult to prevent the heat dissipation from the outside into the tank and suppress the evaporation of liquid hydrogen in the tank at all. It is designed to be supplied to the intake system.
また後者の「低温液化ガスエンジン用ガス供給装置」で
は、バッテリの負荷を軽減され、ガス圧モータを駆動し
た水素を更にガスエンジンの吸気系に供給する等の構造
により、装置全体の効率を向上させ、著しい進歩を遂げ
ているが、燃料タンクの断熱については、なお改善すべ
き余地が残されていた。In the latter "gas supply device for low temperature liquefied gas engine", the load on the battery is reduced, and the structure in which hydrogen driven by the gas pressure motor is further supplied to the intake system of the gas engine improves the overall efficiency of the device. However, there is still room for improvement in fuel tank insulation.
これは、ガス噴射弁から燃焼室に圧縮行程後半に可燃ガ
スを80気圧程度の高圧で噴射する方式のエンジンにおい
ては、燃料を高圧にするためのポンプを必要とするため
である。一方、圧縮行程前半に可燃ガスを５〜10気圧程
度の低圧で噴射する本発明に係わる噴射式ガスエンジン
には、前記高圧ガス噴射式ガスエンジンとは違った観点
から液化ガスの送出及び制御を行うので、燃料タンクの
断熱に関してより多くの改善すべき余地が残されてい
た。This is because an engine of the type that injects combustible gas at a high pressure of about 80 atm from the gas injection valve into the combustion chamber in the latter half of the compression stroke requires a pump for increasing the fuel pressure. On the other hand, in the injection type gas engine according to the present invention which injects the combustible gas at a low pressure of about 5 to 10 atm in the first half of the compression stroke, the delivery and control of the liquefied gas are performed from the viewpoint different from that of the high pressure gas injection type gas engine. As a result, there is more room for improvement regarding fuel tank insulation.
本発明の第一の目的は、所望の可燃ガスを５〜10気圧程
度の比較的低圧で安定してエンジンに供給することがで
き、80気圧程度の高圧で噴射する噴射式ガスエンジンと
同程度の実用性を生み出すことができる噴射式ガスエン
ジンのガス供給装置を提供することにある。A first object of the present invention is to supply a desired combustible gas to an engine stably at a relatively low pressure of about 5 to 10 atmospheres, and to the same extent as an injection gas engine that injects at a high pressure of about 80 atmospheres. Another object of the present invention is to provide a gas supply device for an injection type gas engine capable of producing the above practical use.
また、本発明の第二の目的は、構造が簡単で断熱性が高
く、ガスエンジンの燃料タンクから取出す燃料のロスが
全くなく、燃料の取出しに関して格別のエネルギーを必
要とせず、かつその信頼性が極めて高い低温液化ガスタ
ンクのガス取出装置を提供することにある。Further, a second object of the present invention is that the structure is simple and the heat insulating property is high, there is no loss of the fuel taken out from the fuel tank of the gas engine, no special energy is required for taking out the fuel, and its reliability is high. Is to provide a gas extraction device for a low temperature liquefied gas tank having an extremely high temperature.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 上記目的を達成するために、本発明の構成を実施例に対
応する図面に基づいて説明する。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings corresponding to the embodiments.
本発明の噴射式ガスエンジン１９のガス供給装置は、断
熱層３は被包された低温液化ガス２を貯える耐圧構造の
燃料タンク１と、タンク内の圧力を検出するタンク圧セ
ンサ６と、タンク内に設けられ液化ガスの気化を促す気
化促進手段７と、断熱層３を貫通してタンク１の上部に
設けられた安全弁４と、タンク１の外部から断熱層３を
貫通してタンク１の内底部に開口し液化ガスのタンク内
蒸発による内圧上昇で液化ガス２をタンク外に送出する
パイプ手段８と、このパイプ手段８から送出された液化
ガスを可燃ガスに気化する熱交換器１１と、この熱交換
器１１の熱交換量を調整する熱交換量調整手段１３と、
熱交換器１１で気化された可燃ガスを貯えかつこの可燃
ガスをガス噴射弁２１に供給するアキュムレータ１６
と、アキュムレータ内の圧力を検出するアキュムレータ
圧センサ１７と、ガス噴射弁２１から噴射される可燃ガ
スの温度を検出する温度センサ２８と、タンク圧センサ
６とアキュムレータ圧センサ１７と温度センサ２８の各
検出信号に応じて気化促進手段７及び熱交換量調整手段
１３を制御するコントローラ３６とを備えたものであ
る。The gas supply device of the injection type gas engine 19 of the present invention includes a fuel tank 1 having a pressure resistant structure for storing the low temperature liquefied gas 2 in which the heat insulating layer 3 is encapsulated, a tank pressure sensor 6 for detecting the pressure in the tank, and a tank. A vaporization promoting means 7 that is provided inside to promote vaporization of liquefied gas, a safety valve 4 that penetrates the heat insulating layer 3 and is provided at the upper part of the tank 1, and a tank 1 that penetrates the heat insulating layer 3 from the outside of the tank 1 A pipe means 8 which is opened at the inner bottom part and sends the liquefied gas 2 out of the tank due to an increase in internal pressure due to the evaporation of the liquefied gas in the tank; A heat exchange amount adjusting means 13 for adjusting the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger 11,
Accumulator 16 which stores the combustible gas vaporized in the heat exchanger 11 and supplies the combustible gas to the gas injection valve 21.
An accumulator pressure sensor 17 for detecting the pressure in the accumulator, a temperature sensor 28 for detecting the temperature of the combustible gas injected from the gas injection valve 21, a tank pressure sensor 6, an accumulator pressure sensor 17, and a temperature sensor 28. The controller 36 controls the vaporization promoting means 7 and the heat exchange amount adjusting means 13 in accordance with the detection signal.
［作 用］ コントローラ３６はタンク圧センサ６、アキュムレータ
圧センサ１７及び温度センサ２８によりエンジン１９に
供給されるガス圧が低すぎると判断するときには、タン
ク１の断熱性を低下させるポンプユニット等を使用する
ことなく、気化促進手段７によりタンク内の低温液化ガ
ス２の気化を促進させて、タンク圧及びアキュムレータ
１６のガス圧を上昇させる。またエンジン１９に供給さ
れるガス温度が低すぎると判断するときには、熱交換量
調整手段１３により熱交換量を増大させてガス温度を上
昇させる。[Operation] When the controller 36 determines that the gas pressure supplied to the engine 19 by the tank pressure sensor 6, the accumulator pressure sensor 17, and the temperature sensor 28 is too low, a pump unit or the like that lowers the heat insulating property of the tank 1 is used. Without doing so, the vaporization promoting means 7 promotes the vaporization of the low temperature liquefied gas 2 in the tank to increase the tank pressure and the gas pressure of the accumulator 16. When it is determined that the temperature of the gas supplied to the engine 19 is too low, the heat exchange amount adjusting means 13 increases the heat exchange amount to raise the gas temperature.
また、エンジン１９に供給されるガス圧及びガス温度が
高すぎるときには、それぞれ気化促進手段７及び熱交換
量調整手段１３によりタンク内の低温液化ガス２の気化
を停止させてアキュムレータ１６のガス圧を低下させ、
かつ熱交換量を減少させてアキュムレータ１６のガス温
度を低下させる。ガス温度は０〜−50℃の低温に調節さ
れ、これにより過早点火が防止される。Further, when the gas pressure and the gas temperature supplied to the engine 19 are too high, the vaporization promoting means 7 and the heat exchange amount adjusting means 13 stop the vaporization of the low temperature liquefied gas 2 in the tank to reduce the gas pressure of the accumulator 16. Lower,
Moreover, the amount of heat exchange is reduced to lower the gas temperature of the accumulator 16. The gas temperature is adjusted to a low temperature of 0 to -50 ° C, which prevents preignition.
これにより噴射式ガスエンジンは、点火時期の制御が容
易で高出力の得られる従来の噴射式ガスエンジンよりガ
ス供給の点では優れるため、従来の噴射式ガスエンジン
に見合った実用性を生じる。As a result, the injection type gas engine is superior in gas supply to the conventional injection type gas engine in which the ignition timing can be easily controlled and a high output can be obtained. Therefore, the injection type gas engine is practically suitable for the conventional injection type gas engine.
［実施例］ 次に本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳しく説明する。
ここでは低温液化ガスエンジンとして車両用水素エンジ
ンを代表して説明する。[Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Here, a vehicle hydrogen engine will be described as a representative of the low temperature liquefied gas engine.
図示するように、本実施例のガス供給装置の燃料タンク
１は零下253℃の液体水素２を貯えるためステンレス製
の二重構造の外板の間を真空状態にした断熱層３により
被包される。燃料タンク１は、この例では最大耐圧9.6
気圧の耐圧構造をなし、その上部には断熱層３を貫通し
てリリーフ圧６〜８気圧の安全弁４が設けられる。安全
弁４には導入パイプ５の一端が接続され、その他端は水
素エンジン１９の吸気孔３０に挿着される。As shown in the figure, the fuel tank 1 of the gas supply system according to the present embodiment is covered with a heat insulating layer 3 in a vacuum state between the outer plates of the double structure made of stainless steel in order to store the liquid hydrogen 2 at 253 ° C. below zero. The fuel tank 1 has a maximum pressure resistance of 9.6 in this example.
A pressure resistant structure for atmospheric pressure is provided, and a safety valve 4 having a relief pressure of 6 to 8 atmospheric pressure is provided on the upper portion thereof so as to penetrate the heat insulating layer 3. One end of an introduction pipe 5 is connected to the safety valve 4, and the other end is inserted into an intake hole 30 of the hydrogen engine 19.
またタンク１の内部にはタンク内の圧力を検出するタン
ク圧センサ６及びタンク内の液体水素２の気化を促進す
る放熱器７が設けられる。放熱器７は窒素、アルゴン、
ヘリウム等の不活性ガスが封入された細い循環パイプ７
ａの一部にコイル部７ｂ及び７ｃが形成され、タンク１
から離れたパイプ７ａの途中に不活性ガスを循環させる
ポンプ７ｄが設けられる。コイル部７ｂは不活性ガスの
保有する熱をタンク１内に放散し、コイル部７ｃはタン
ク１で冷却された不活性ガスを常温に戻す。Further, inside the tank 1, a tank pressure sensor 6 for detecting the pressure in the tank and a radiator 7 for promoting vaporization of the liquid hydrogen 2 in the tank are provided. The radiator 7 is nitrogen, argon,
Thin circulation pipe 7 filled with an inert gas such as helium
The coil portions 7b and 7c are formed in a part of a, and the tank 1
A pump 7d that circulates an inert gas is provided in the middle of the pipe 7a away from the. The coil portion 7b dissipates the heat of the inert gas into the tank 1, and the coil portion 7c returns the inert gas cooled in the tank 1 to room temperature.
更に燃料タンク１にはタンク外部から断熱層３を貫通し
て送出パイプ８が布設され、パイプ８はタンク内底部に
開口する。９は液体水素２の供給口である。送出パイプ
８にはこのパイプから送出された液体水素を水素に気化
する熱交換器１１が接続される。この例では熱交換器１
１には水素エンジン１９の冷却水が冷却水パイプ１２を
介して図示しないポンプにより導入される。この冷却水
パイプ１２の途中には流量調整用の電磁弁１３が設けら
れる。電磁弁１３の開度を変えることにより気化した水
素の流量及び温度が調節される。この水素の温度は噴射
時の過早点火を防止するため、後述するガス噴射弁２１
から噴射したときの温度が０〜−50℃の低い温度になる
ように調節される。Further, a delivery pipe 8 is laid from the outside of the fuel tank 1 so as to penetrate the heat insulating layer 3, and the pipe 8 opens at the bottom of the inside of the tank. 9 is a supply port for the liquid hydrogen 2. The delivery pipe 8 is connected to a heat exchanger 11 that vaporizes liquid hydrogen delivered from this pipe into hydrogen. In this example, the heat exchanger 1
1, the cooling water of the hydrogen engine 19 is introduced through a cooling water pipe 12 by a pump (not shown). A solenoid valve 13 for adjusting the flow rate is provided in the middle of the cooling water pipe 12. By changing the opening degree of the solenoid valve 13, the flow rate and temperature of vaporized hydrogen are adjusted. The temperature of this hydrogen prevents the gas injection valve 21 to be described later in order to prevent premature ignition during injection.
The temperature when jetted from is adjusted to a low temperature of 0 to -50 ° C.
熱交換器１１により気化した水素は接続パイプ１４を通
って最大耐圧9.6気圧の耐圧構造のアキュムレータ１６
に導かれる。アキュムレータ１６はその内部圧力を検出
するアキュムレータ圧センサ１７を備える。アキュムレ
ータ１６は接続パイプ１８を介して水素エンジン１９の
上部に取付けられたガス噴射弁２１に接続される。この
例では噴射弁２１は電磁式であって、電磁コイル２１ａ
に電流が流れると、リターンスプリング２１ｂに抗して
弁棒２１ｃが押し下げられ水素が噴射されるようになっ
ている。この弁棒２１ｃの開弁時期及び開弁時間から噴
射される水素の噴射時期及び噴射量が決められる。Hydrogen vaporized by the heat exchanger 11 passes through the connecting pipe 14 and has an accumulator 16 having a pressure resistance structure with a maximum pressure resistance of 9.6 atm.
Be led to. The accumulator 16 includes an accumulator pressure sensor 17 that detects the internal pressure of the accumulator 16. The accumulator 16 is connected via a connecting pipe 18 to a gas injection valve 21 attached to the upper part of the hydrogen engine 19. In this example, the injection valve 21 is of an electromagnetic type and has an electromagnetic coil 21a.
When a current flows through the valve, the valve rod 21c is pushed down against the return spring 21b, and hydrogen is injected. The injection timing and injection amount of hydrogen to be injected are determined from the valve opening timing and valve opening time of the valve rod 21c.
この噴射時期は本発明の水素エンジン１９ではピストン
３２が下死点を過ぎた直後、すなわち吸気弁２９が閉止
した直後の圧縮行程前半である。この圧縮行程中に噴射
することにより本発明の水素エンジン１９は従来の80気
圧で噴射するガスエンジンより低い６〜８気圧で十分に
空気を混合することができる。ガス噴射弁２１のガス流
入口には噴射直前の水素の温度を検出する温度センサ２
８が設けられ、燃焼室の頂部にはスパークプラグ３１が
設けられる。In the hydrogen engine 19 of the present invention, this injection timing is in the first half of the compression stroke immediately after the piston 32 passes through the bottom dead center, that is, immediately after the intake valve 29 is closed. By injecting during this compression stroke, the hydrogen engine 19 of the present invention can sufficiently mix air at 6 to 8 atmospheres, which is lower than the conventional gas engine that injects at 80 atmospheres. A temperature sensor 2 for detecting the temperature of hydrogen immediately before injection is provided at the gas inlet of the gas injection valve 21.
8 is provided, and a spark plug 31 is provided at the top of the combustion chamber.
３６は本実施例のガス供給装置のコントローラである。
コントローラ３６の入力側にはガス圧制御用のタンク圧
センサ６とアキュムレータ圧センサ１７と温度センサ２
８とともに、燃焼制御用のエンジン負荷センサ３３及び
回転センサ３４が接続される。負荷センサ３３は図外の
アクセルペダルの踏込み量からエンジン１９の負荷を検
出する。また回転センサ３４は図外のクランク軸の回転
速度からエンジン１９の回転を検出する。Reference numeral 36 is a controller of the gas supply device of this embodiment.
On the input side of the controller 36, a tank pressure sensor 6 for gas pressure control, an accumulator pressure sensor 17, and a temperature sensor 2 are provided.
8, an engine load sensor 33 for combustion control and a rotation sensor 34 are connected. The load sensor 33 detects the load of the engine 19 from the depression amount of an accelerator pedal (not shown). Further, the rotation sensor 34 detects the rotation of the engine 19 from the rotation speed of the crankshaft (not shown).
コントローラ３６の出力側には前述した放熱器７のポン
プ７ｄと、熱交換器１１の電磁弁１３と、ガス噴射弁２
１の電磁コイル２１ａと、スパークプラグ３１が接続さ
れる。On the output side of the controller 36, the pump 7d of the radiator 7 described above, the electromagnetic valve 13 of the heat exchanger 11, the gas injection valve 2
The one electromagnetic coil 21a and the spark plug 31 are connected.
次に上記ガス供給装置の動作を説明する。Next, the operation of the gas supply device will be described.
(a) ガス圧制御： 図示しない始動装置によりエンジン１９が始動すると、
コントローラ３６は圧力センサ６、１７及び温度センサ
２８の各検出信号を取込む。(a) Gas pressure control: When the engine 19 is started by a starter (not shown),
The controller 36 takes in each detection signal of the pressure sensors 6 and 17 and the temperature sensor 28.
先ず、燃料タンク１又はアキュムレータ１６の圧力が下
限設定圧、例えば7.5気圧より低いことをタンク圧セン
サ６が検出する場合には、コントローラ３６は放熱器７
を作動させる。すなわちポンプ７ｄを駆動してパイプ７
ａ内の不活性ガスを循環させて、液体水素の気化を促
す。放熱器７の放熱により液体水素２が蒸発して燃料タ
ンク１の圧力は上昇し、液体水素２の液面２ａを押下げ
るため、液体水素２は送出パイプ８より圧送され、アキ
ュムレータ１６のガス圧は上昇する。First, when the tank pressure sensor 6 detects that the pressure of the fuel tank 1 or the accumulator 16 is lower than the lower limit set pressure, for example, 7.5 atmospheric pressure, the controller 36 causes the radiator 7
Operate. That is, the pump 7d is driven to drive the pipe 7
The inert gas in a is circulated to promote vaporization of liquid hydrogen. The liquid hydrogen 2 evaporates by the heat radiation of the radiator 7 and the pressure of the fuel tank 1 rises, and the liquid surface 2a of the liquid hydrogen 2 is pushed down, so that the liquid hydrogen 2 is pressure-fed by the delivery pipe 8 and the gas pressure of the accumulator 16 is increased. Rises.
またガス噴射弁２１に送込まれる水素の温度が所定温
度、例えば−50℃より低温であることを温度センサ２８
が検出する場合には、コントローラ３６は熱交換器１１
の電磁弁１３の開度を大きくする。これにより水素エン
ジン１９の冷却水の熱交換器１１に流れる量が増加し、
アキュムレータ１６のガス温度は上昇する。Further, the temperature sensor 28 indicates that the temperature of hydrogen sent to the gas injection valve 21 is lower than a predetermined temperature, for example, -50 ° C.
Is detected, the controller 36 determines that the heat exchanger 11
The opening degree of the solenoid valve 13 is increased. As a result, the amount of cooling water of the hydrogen engine 19 flowing to the heat exchanger 11 increases,
The gas temperature of the accumulator 16 rises.
反対に、燃料タンク１又はアキュムレータ１６の各圧力
が上限設定圧、例えば８気圧に達すると、コントローラ
３６はポンプ７ｄを停止する。またガス噴射弁２１に送
込まれる水素の温度が所定温度、例えば−30℃より高温
になると、コントローラ３６は電磁弁１３の開度を小さ
くし、熱交換器１１へのエンジン冷却水の流量を減少さ
せる。On the contrary, when each pressure of the fuel tank 1 or the accumulator 16 reaches the upper limit set pressure, for example, 8 atm, the controller 36 stops the pump 7d. When the temperature of hydrogen sent to the gas injection valve 21 becomes higher than a predetermined temperature, for example, −30 ° C., the controller 36 reduces the opening degree of the solenoid valve 13 to reduce the flow rate of the engine cooling water to the heat exchanger 11. Reduce.
また、タンク１の圧力が安全弁４のリリーフ圧を越えた
ときには水素は安全弁４から導入パイプ５を通って水素
エンジン１９の吸気孔３０に導入され、ガス噴射前にあ
らかじめ空気と混合される。When the pressure in the tank 1 exceeds the relief pressure of the safety valve 4, hydrogen is introduced from the safety valve 4 into the intake hole 30 of the hydrogen engine 19 through the introduction pipe 5 and is mixed with air in advance before gas injection.
(b) 燃焼制御： 一方、コントローラ３６は負荷センサ３３及び回転セン
サ３４の各検出信号を取込む。(b) Combustion control: On the other hand, the controller 36 takes in each detection signal of the load sensor 33 and the rotation sensor 34.
ここで、図外のアクセルペダルの踏込み量が小さく回転
速度が低い場合には、コントローラ３６はガス噴射弁２
１の開弁時期及びスパークプラグ３１の火花放電による
点火時期を遅らせる。反対に、エンジン負荷が大きく回
転速度が高い場合には、ガス噴射弁２１の開弁時期及び
スパークプラグ３１の点火時期を進ませ、最適な燃焼と
なるように制御する。Here, when the accelerator pedal depression amount (not shown) is small and the rotation speed is low, the controller 36 determines that the gas injection valve 2
The valve opening timing 1 and the ignition timing due to the spark discharge of the spark plug 31 are delayed. On the contrary, when the engine load is large and the rotation speed is high, the valve opening timing of the gas injection valve 21 and the ignition timing of the spark plug 31 are advanced to perform control so that optimal combustion is achieved.
本発明の水素は燃焼室内の空気圧力の低い、吸気弁の閉
止直後から圧縮行程の前半に噴射され、しかも点火まで
に十分に時間があるので、従来の噴射式ガスエンジンの
噴射圧より低い６〜８気化の噴射圧で空気と良く混合す
ることができる。加えて点火時には吸気弁が閉じている
ので逆火（バックファイア）は生じない。また噴射する
水素の温度を０〜−50℃の低温に調整すれば過早点火は
起こらない。本発明の水素エンジンはガソリン燃料より
20％程度高出力化できる。The hydrogen of the present invention has a low air pressure in the combustion chamber, is injected from immediately after the closing of the intake valve to the first half of the compression stroke, and has sufficient time until ignition, so it is lower than the injection pressure of the conventional injection type gas engine. It can be mixed well with air at an injection pressure of ~ 8 vaporization. In addition, since the intake valve is closed during ignition, backfire does not occur. If the temperature of the injected hydrogen is adjusted to a low temperature of 0 to -50 ° C, pre-ignition will not occur. The hydrogen engine of the present invention is better than gasoline fuel.
20% higher output can be achieved.
なお、上記例ではタンク及びアキュムレータの上限設定
圧を9.6気圧としたが、この設定圧は空気と水素が容易
に混合できるように燃焼室の形状等を決めれば、よ低い
５気圧程度の気圧でもエンジンを運転することができ
る。In the above example, the upper limit set pressure of the tank and accumulator was set to 9.6 atm, but if the shape of the combustion chamber is determined so that air and hydrogen can be easily mixed, this set pressure will be even lower, about 5 atm. You can drive the engine.
また、噴射弁２１から噴射される水素の調整上限温度を
−30℃としたが、この値はエンジンの負筒等に応じて０
〜−50℃の範囲で適宜変えてもよい。Further, the adjustment upper limit temperature of hydrogen injected from the injection valve 21 is set to −30 ° C., but this value is 0 depending on the negative cylinder of the engine or the like.
You may change suitably in the range of -50 degreeC.
また、上記例は車両用水素エンジンについて説明した
が、本発明のガスエンジンはこれに限らず、定置式ガス
エンジンにも適用することができ、更に液体水素に限ら
ず、液化天然ガス、液化石油ガス等その他の低温液化ガ
スを燃料とするガスエンジンにも適用することができ
る。Further, although the above example has been described with respect to a vehicle hydrogen engine, the gas engine of the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a stationary gas engine, and is not limited to liquid hydrogen, and liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum, etc. It can also be applied to a gas engine that uses other low-temperature liquefied gas as fuel.
［発明の効果］ 以上述べたように、本発明の低温液化ガスタンクのガス
取出装置は、外気から燃料タンク内に熱を導入し易いポ
ンプユニットを用いずに、低温液化ガスの気化膨張の特
性を利用してタンク圧上昇により、低温液化ガスをタン
クから取出すようにしたので、その構造が簡単となるば
かりか、外気に対する断熱性が極めて良好になり、液化
ガスのタンク外部への漏洩は全く生じない。またポンプ
ユニットを用いないことにより、低温液化ガスの取出し
に関してその駆動エネルギーを必要とせず、かつその信
頼性が極めて高くなる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the gas extraction device for a low temperature liquefied gas tank of the present invention has a characteristic of vaporization and expansion of the low temperature liquefied gas without using a pump unit that easily introduces heat from the outside air into the fuel tank. The low temperature liquefied gas was taken out from the tank by raising the tank pressure by using it, so not only the structure is simple, but also the heat insulation to the outside air is extremely good, and the liquefied gas leaks to the outside of the tank at all. Absent. Further, since the pump unit is not used, the driving energy for taking out the low temperature liquefied gas is not required and the reliability thereof becomes extremely high.
また、本発明の噴射式ガスエンジンのガス供給装置は、
このガス取出装置を用いて、燃料タンク及びアキュムレ
ータの各圧力及び噴射するガス温度を検知しながら気化
促進手段及び熱交換量調整手段を制御するため、所望の
可燃ガスを安定してエンジンに供給することができる。
これにより本発明の噴射式ガスエンジンに従来の80気圧
で噴射するガスエンジンと同程度の実用性を生み出すこ
とができる。Further, the gas supply device of the injection type gas engine of the present invention,
By using this gas extraction device to control the vaporization promoting means and the heat exchange amount adjusting means while detecting the respective pressures of the fuel tank and the accumulator and the temperature of the injected gas, a desired combustible gas is stably supplied to the engine. be able to.
As a result, the injection-type gas engine of the present invention can be as practical as a conventional gas engine that injects at 80 atm.
図は本発明実施例噴射式ガスエンジンのガス供給装置の
構成図。 １：燃料タンク、 ２：低温液化ガス（液体水素）、 ３：断熱層、 ４：安全弁、 ５：導入パイプ、 ６：タンク圧センサ、 ７：放熱器（気化促進手段）、 ８：送出パイプ（パイプ手段）、 １１：熱交換器、 １２：冷却水パイプ、 １３：電磁弁（熱交換量調整手段）、 １６：アキュムレータ、 １７：アキュムレータ圧センサ、 １９：水素エンジン（ガスエンジン）、 ２１：ガス噴射弁、 ２８：温度センサ、 ２９：吸気弁、 ３０：吸気孔、 ３１：スパークプラグ、 ３６：コントローラ。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a gas supply device of an injection type gas engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1: Fuel tank, 2: Low temperature liquefied gas (liquid hydrogen), 3: Thermal insulation layer, 4: Safety valve, 5: Introduction pipe, 6: Tank pressure sensor, 7: Radiator (vaporization promoting means), 8: Delivery pipe ( Pipe means), 11: heat exchanger, 12: cooling water pipe, 13: solenoid valve (heat exchange amount adjusting means), 16: accumulator, 17: accumulator pressure sensor, 19: hydrogen engine (gas engine), 21: gas Injection valve, 28: temperature sensor, 29: intake valve, 30: intake hole, 31: spark plug, 36: controller.
Claims (4)
から燃焼室に可燃ガスを噴射する噴射式ガスエンジンの
ガス供給装置であって、 断熱層で被包され低温液化ガスを貯える耐圧構造の燃料
タンクと、 前記タンク内の圧力を検出するタンク圧センサと、 前記タンク内に設けられ液化ガスの気化を促す気化促進
手段と、 前記断熱層を貫通して前記タンクの上部に設けられた安
全弁と、 前記タンクの外部から前記断熱層を貫通して前記タンク
の内底部に開口し前記液化ガスのタンク内蒸発による内
圧上昇で前記液化ガスをタンク外に送出するパイプ手段
と、 前記パイプ手段から送出された液化ガスを可燃ガスに気
化する熱交換器と、 前記熱交換器の熱交換量を調整する熱交換量調整手段
と、 前記熱交換器で気化された可燃ガスを貯えかつこの可燃
ガスを前記ガス噴射弁に供給するアキュムレータと、 前記アキュムレータ内の圧力を検出するアキュムレータ
圧センサと、 前記ガス噴射弁から噴射される可燃ガスの温度を検出す
る温度センサと、 前記タンク圧センサと前記アキュムレータ圧センサと前
記温度センサの各検出信号に応じて前記気化促進手段及
び前記熱交換量調整手段を制御するコントローラと を備えたことを特徴とする噴射式ガスエンジンのガス供
給装置。1. A gas supply device for an injection-type gas engine, which injects a combustible gas from a gas injection valve into a combustion chamber in the first half of a compression stroke of the gas engine, the device having a pressure resistant structure which is covered with a heat insulating layer and stores low-temperature liquefied gas. A fuel tank, a tank pressure sensor that detects the pressure in the tank, a vaporization promoting unit that is provided in the tank to promote vaporization of liquefied gas, and a safety valve that is provided above the tank by penetrating the heat insulating layer. A pipe means for penetrating the heat insulating layer from the outside of the tank, opening to the inner bottom of the tank, and delivering the liquefied gas to the outside of the tank by increasing the internal pressure due to evaporation of the liquefied gas in the tank; A heat exchanger for vaporizing the liquefied gas sent out to a combustible gas, a heat exchange amount adjusting means for adjusting a heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger, and storing the combustible gas vaporized by the heat exchanger. An accumulator that supplies the combustible gas to the gas injection valve, an accumulator pressure sensor that detects the pressure in the accumulator, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the combustible gas injected from the gas injection valve, and the tank pressure sensor And a controller that controls the vaporization promoting unit and the heat exchange amount adjusting unit according to the detection signals of the accumulator pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, respectively.
設けられ、 前記ガス噴射弁から噴射した可燃ガスを前記スパークプ
ラグの火花放電により点火するように構成した請求項１
記載の噴射式ガスエンジンのガス供給装置。2. A spark plug is provided in a combustion chamber of the engine, and the combustible gas injected from the gas injection valve is ignited by spark discharge of the spark plug.
A gas supply device for an injection type gas engine as described.
圧構造の燃料タンクと、 前記断熱層を貫通して前記タンクの上部に設けられた安
全弁と、 前記タンクの外部から前記断熱層を貫通して前記タンク
の内底部に開口し前記液化ガスのタンク内蒸発による内
圧上昇で前記液化ガスをタンク外に送出するパイプ手段
と、 前記パイプ手段から送出された液化ガスを可燃ガスに気
化する熱交換器と、 前記熱交換器で気化された可燃ガスを貯えかつこの可燃
ガスをガスエンジンに供給するアキュムレータと を備えた低温液化ガスエンジンのガス供給装置。3. A fuel tank having a pressure-resistant structure which is covered with a heat insulating layer to store a low-temperature liquefied gas, a safety valve which penetrates through the heat insulating layer and is provided at an upper portion of the tank, and the heat insulating layer is provided from outside the tank. Pipe means penetrating through and opening to the inner bottom of the tank to send the liquefied gas to the outside of the tank by increasing the internal pressure due to evaporation of the liquefied gas in the tank; and vaporize the liquefied gas sent from the pipe means to a combustible gas. A gas supply device for a low temperature liquefied gas engine, comprising: a heat exchanger; and an accumulator that stores the combustible gas vaporized by the heat exchanger and supplies the combustible gas to the gas engine.
圧構造の燃料タンクと、 前記断熱層を貫通して前記タンクの上部に設けられた安
全弁と、 前記タンクの外部から前記断熱層を貫通して前記タンク
の内底部に開口し前記液化ガスのタンク内蒸発による内
圧上昇で前記液化ガスをタンク外に送出するパイプ手段
と を備えた低温液化ガスタンクのガス取出装置。4. A fuel tank having a pressure resistant structure which is covered with a heat insulating layer to store a low temperature liquefied gas, a safety valve which penetrates the heat insulating layer and is provided on the upper part of the tank, and the heat insulating layer is provided from the outside of the tank. A gas extraction device for a low temperature liquefied gas tank, comprising: a pipe means penetrating therethrough and opening at an inner bottom portion of the tank to deliver the liquefied gas to the outside of the tank by increasing the internal pressure due to evaporation of the liquefied gas in the tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23918388A JPH068623B2 (en) | 1988-09-24 | 1988-09-24 | Gas supply device for injection gas engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23918388A JPH068623B2 (en) | 1988-09-24 | 1988-09-24 | Gas supply device for injection gas engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0286949A JPH0286949A (en) | 1990-03-27 |
| JPH068623B2 true JPH068623B2 (en) | 1994-02-02 |
Family
ID=17040953
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23918388A Expired - Lifetime JPH068623B2 (en) | 1988-09-24 | 1988-09-24 | Gas supply device for injection gas engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH068623B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017040402A1 (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2017-03-09 | Caterpillar Inc. | Direct injection system and method |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040031946A (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2004-04-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Starting power elevation device of LPG engine |
| DE102004045638A1 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-04-06 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Heat exchanger for hydrogen-powered fuel supply systems |
| CN102287298A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-21 | 智晟能源科技股份有限公司 | Improved structure of normal pressure liquid fuel vaporizing device |
| US8950195B2 (en) * | 2010-12-18 | 2015-02-10 | The Boeing Company | Continuous flow thermodynamic pump |
| US9945518B2 (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2018-04-17 | Wartsila Finland Oy | Method and arrangement for transferring heat in a gaseous fuel system |
| JP7435570B2 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2024-02-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Hydrogen release control system for hydrogen engine vehicles |
| CN116792227A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-22 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | LNG vaporization assembly, control method of LNG vaporization assembly and vehicle |
-
1988
- 1988-09-24 JP JP23918388A patent/JPH068623B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017040402A1 (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2017-03-09 | Caterpillar Inc. | Direct injection system and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0286949A (en) | 1990-03-27 |
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