JPH069073B2 - Depth or pressure detection transmitter - Google Patents
Depth or pressure detection transmitterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH069073B2 JPH069073B2 JP26037486A JP26037486A JPH069073B2 JP H069073 B2 JPH069073 B2 JP H069073B2 JP 26037486 A JP26037486 A JP 26037486A JP 26037486 A JP26037486 A JP 26037486A JP H069073 B2 JPH069073 B2 JP H069073B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water depth
- water
- depth
- oscillation
- change
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は水深または、水圧（この発明ではこれらを水深
として説明する）を検知し、検知した水深情報を超音波
信号によって水中を伝送するものであって、例えば魚類
やダイバーに装着して水深情報を得るために使用する水
深または水圧探知送信器（いわゆるピンガー、以下水深
探知送信器という）に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention detects water depth or water pressure (in the present invention, these are described as water depth), and transmits the detected water depth information underwater by an ultrasonic signal. Further, the present invention relates to a water depth or water pressure detection transmitter (so-called pinger, hereinafter referred to as water depth detection transmitter) which is attached to a fish or a diver and used to obtain water depth information.
（従来の技術） 従来の技術による水深探知送信器のブロック図を第２図
に示す。従来の技術を第２図及び第３図によって説明す
る。水深検出器１は水圧を電気信号に変換する素子であ
る。この電気信号に変換された水深情報を水深／時間変
換回路２によって、第３図(a)の繰返し周期を水深情報
に対応したＴ１、Ｔ２のように時間情報に変換するとと
もに、この繰返し周期の始端から送波パルス幅ｔｏの間
だけ、振動子４の固有の共振周波数の信号を発振して、
送信回路３から送信信号を出力し、振動子４に加えて水
深情報を送波していた。(Prior Art) FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a water depth detection transmitter according to the prior art. A conventional technique will be described with reference to FIGS. The water depth detector 1 is an element that converts water pressure into an electric signal. The water depth information converted into the electric signal is converted by the water depth / time conversion circuit 2 into the time information such as T1 and T2 corresponding to the water depth information, and the repetition cycle of the repetition cycle of FIG. The signal of the resonance frequency peculiar to the oscillator 4 is oscillated only from the start end to the transmission pulse width to,
A transmission signal was output from the transmission circuit 3, and water depth information was transmitted in addition to the oscillator 4.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） このような水深探知送信器は使用目的からすればなるべ
く小型軽量にすることが望ましいが従来技術によるもの
は、水深検知器と振動子を別個に設け、それぞれの一部
を直接または間接に水中に密接させるような水密構造に
する必要があり、また、水深／時間情報変換手段や発振
・送信手段を別個にけていたため、装置の構造が複雑と
なり、形状も大きく、かつ、重量もかさみ小型軽量化に
限界があるという問題点があった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) It is desirable for such a water depth detection transmitter to be as small and lightweight as possible for the purpose of use, but in the conventional technology, a water depth detector and a vibrator are separately provided, and It is necessary to make a watertight structure in which a part of the water is brought into direct or indirect contact with the water, and since the depth / time information conversion means and the oscillation / transmission means are separately provided, the structure of the device becomes complicated and the shape However, there is a problem in that it is large and heavy, and there is a limit to miniaturization and weight reduction.
（問題点を解決するための手段） 本発明は伝送手段として超音波振動素子を用い、その素
子のもつ特性を利用して、振動子自体を水深検知、水深
／時間情報変換、および発振の各素子として兼ねさせる
手段により、前記問題点を解決するものである。(Means for Solving Problems) In the present invention, an ultrasonic vibration element is used as a transmission means, and the characteristics of the element are used to detect the water depth of the vibrator itself, water depth / time information conversion, and oscillation. The above-mentioned problems are solved by a device which also serves as an element.
（作用） 送波器として用いられる超音波振動素子は固有の共振周
波数をもつ電気−機械振動変換器であり、外囲の圧力の
変化に応じてインピーダンス特性が変化するが、その固
有の共振周波数はほぼ一定である。したがってこの超音
波振動素子の電極の両端に電圧を印加したときは固有の
共振周波数で振動するため、発振回路の発振素子として
機能させることができ、また、この振動は電気信号が超
音波振動に変換されたものであり、送信器として用いる
ことができる。一方、この超音波振動素子を水中の特定
の深度に置いたときは特定のインピーダンスとなり、深
度を変化させるとインピーダンスが水圧の変化に比例し
て変化し、その容量が比較的大きく変化するため、これ
を水深検出機能として用い、水深／時間変換回路の繰返
し周期を変化させるための素子としても機能させること
ができる。(Function) An ultrasonic vibration element used as a wave transmitter is an electro-mechanical vibration converter having a unique resonance frequency, and impedance characteristics change according to changes in the surrounding pressure. Is almost constant. Therefore, when a voltage is applied across the electrodes of this ultrasonic vibration element, it vibrates at its own resonance frequency, so that it can function as an oscillation element of the oscillation circuit. It is converted and can be used as a transmitter. On the other hand, when this ultrasonic vibrating element is placed at a specific depth in water, it has a specific impedance, and when the depth is changed, the impedance changes in proportion to the change in water pressure, and its capacity changes relatively greatly. By using this as a water depth detection function, it can also function as an element for changing the repetition cycle of the water depth / time conversion circuit.
（実施例） 第１図は本発明の実施例を示す回路図である。(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
第１図において振動子ＴＤは例えばチタン酸バリウムを
素材とするリング振動子などの超音波振動素子であり、
電池ＢＴは電源用電池、コンデンサーＣ３は電源平滑用
コンデンサー、トランスＴＦは発振及びインピーダンス
整合用トランス、トランジスタＴＲは発振・送信及び水
深／時間変換用であり、エミッタ接地回路とし、抵抗Ｒ
Ｖ２は水深／時間変換の基準水深例えば０mにおける繰
返し周期を基準値に設定するための繰返し周期調整用の
可変抵抗器、コンデンサーＣ１は水深／時間変換回路の
繰返し周期設定用コンデンサー、抵抗ＲＶ１は振動子Ｔ
Ｄからの送波パルス幅ｔｏの時間幅調整用の可変抵抗
器、コンデンサーＣ２は発振レベル設定用のコンデンサ
ーである。In FIG. 1, a vibrator TD is an ultrasonic vibration element such as a ring vibrator made of barium titanate as a material,
The battery BT is a power supply battery, the capacitor C3 is a power supply smoothing capacitor, the transformer TF is an oscillation and impedance matching transformer, the transistor TR is for oscillation / transmission and water depth / time conversion.
V2 is a variable resistor for adjusting the repetition cycle for setting the reference cycle of the water depth / time conversion reference water depth, for example, 0 m, the condenser C1 is the repetition cycle setting capacitor of the water depth / time conversion circuit, and the resistor RV1 is the vibration. Child T
The capacitor C2, which is a variable resistor for adjusting the time width of the transmission pulse width to from D, is a capacitor for setting the oscillation level.
振動子ＴＤの本実施例による装着例を第４図に示す。密
閉筒体10は水密構造となっており、内部の水密区画に電
池10や回路部を収納する。密閉筒体10の外壁11に接して
移状の反射層12、例えばコルク材などを配設し、振動子
ＴＤからの送波を外方のみに指向づける反射層を形成す
る。反射層12は筒状の振動子ＴＤの内面に接着してあ
る。本実施例による振動子ＴＤは、円筒形状のチタン酸
バリウムによるもので、共振周波数が50KHZのものを例
にとると、円筒内径が14.5mm、円筒外径が16.6mm、円筒
高さが５mm程度のものであり、円筒の片面に接続された
接続線13が水密区画内部の送信回路部に導かれている。
振動子ＴＤおよび接続線13には防水膜を施すか、また
は、極く薄い接着剤またははシリコンゴムなどの保護層
14で覆い、振動子ＴＤの機械的振動を阻害しないように
して水中に密接させられるようにしてある。An example of mounting the vibrator TD according to this embodiment is shown in FIG. The closed cylinder 10 has a watertight structure, and the battery 10 and the circuit section are housed in a watertight compartment inside. A movable reflective layer 12, for example, a cork material or the like is disposed in contact with the outer wall 11 of the closed cylindrical body 10 to form a reflective layer that directs the waves transmitted from the oscillator TD only to the outside. The reflective layer 12 is adhered to the inner surface of the cylindrical vibrator TD. The vibrator TD according to this embodiment is made of barium titanate having a cylindrical shape, and if the resonance frequency is 50 KHZ, the cylinder inner diameter is 14.5 mm, the cylinder outer diameter is 16.6 mm, and the cylinder height is about 5 mm. The connection line 13 connected to one side of the cylinder is guided to the transmission circuit section inside the watertight compartment.
The vibrator TD and the connection line 13 are provided with a waterproof film, or an extremely thin adhesive or a protective layer such as silicone rubber.
It is covered with 14 so that it can be brought into close contact with water so as not to hinder the mechanical vibration of the vibrator TD.
第１図の回路において振動子ＴＤの水中に密接させられ
た面が、ある水深による水圧変化を受けたとき、この振
動子のインピーダンスＺは水深に対応して変化し、その
内部容量値も水深の変化に対応して変化し、前記50KHZ
振動子の場合第５図のような特性で変化する。この図の
データは振動子ＴＤに吸音材12を施した状態におけるも
のである。When the surface of the oscillator TD that is brought into close contact with water in the circuit of FIG. 1 is subjected to water pressure change due to a certain water depth, the impedance Z of this oscillator changes corresponding to the water depth, and its internal capacitance value also changes to the water depth. 50KHZ, which changes in response to changes in
In the case of a vibrator, the characteristics change as shown in FIG. The data in this figure is in a state in which the sound absorbing material 12 is applied to the vibrator TD.
また、トランジスタＴＲによる発振回路は振動子ＴＤの
インピーダンスンＺの内部容量値と、抵抗ＲＶ２の抵抗
値と、コンデンサーＣ１の容量値とを主体とする時定数
にもとづいた繰返し周期によりブロッキング発振動作を
し、したがってこの繰返し周期の振動子ＴＤの前記内部
容量変化によって変化させられたので、例えば第３図
(b)のように探知送信器が水面の表面にあるときの条件
で、繰返し周期Ｔ０となるように抵抗ＲＶ２の調整によ
って設定しておけば、水中での深度が変化すればそれに
対応して繰返し周期がＴ１、Ｔ２のように変化する。Further, the oscillation circuit formed by the transistor TR performs the blocking oscillation operation by the repetition period based on the time constant mainly including the internal capacitance value of the impedance Z of the oscillator TD, the resistance value of the resistor RV2, and the capacitance value of the capacitor C1. Therefore, since it is changed by the change in the internal capacitance of the vibrator TD having this repeating period, for example, FIG.
If the detection transmitter is set on the surface of the water surface as shown in (b) by setting the resistance RV2 so that the repetition period T0 is set, if the depth in the water changes, the corresponding The repetition cycle changes like T1 and T2.
一方トランジスタＴＲのベースＢのベース電圧Ｅｂが、
ベース・エミッタバイアス電圧が一定値をこえるとき、
すなわち、第３図(b)の発振時間幅ｔｏの期間において
振動子ＴＤの固有共振周波数で発振動作をおこない、こ
の発振動作により振動子ＴＤは超音波信号を送波パルス
幅ｔｏの期間だけ発生する。この送波パルス幅ｔｏは抵
抗ＲＶ１の抵抗値とコンデンサーＣ２の容量値とを主体
とする時定数にもとづく周期によって単安定発振動作を
行ない、この単安定動作は振動子ＴＤの内部容量の充放
電が平定している時点で行なわれるため、水深変化によ
る振動子ＴＤの内部容量の変化には殆んど影響をうける
ことなく、抵抗ＲＶ１を可変することによってのみ調整
することができ、受信側での検出に悪影響を及ぼすこと
はない。On the other hand, the base voltage Eb of the base B of the transistor TR is
When the base-emitter bias voltage exceeds a certain value,
That is, the oscillator oscillates at the natural resonance frequency of the oscillator TD in the period of the oscillation time width to in FIG. 3B, and the oscillator TD generates the ultrasonic signal only during the period of the transmission pulse width to by this oscillation operation. To do. This transmission pulse width to performs a monostable oscillating operation with a cycle based on a time constant mainly consisting of the resistance value of the resistor RV1 and the capacitance value of the capacitor C2, and this monostable operation charges and discharges the internal capacitance of the oscillator TD. Is performed at the time of normalization, there is almost no effect on the change of the internal capacitance of the oscillator TD due to the change of the water depth, and it can be adjusted only by changing the resistance RV1, and on the receiving side. Does not adversely affect the detection of.
したがって送波された超音波信号は、これを受信処理す
る装置側では、繰返し周期の変化、つまり、Ｔ０〜Ｔ２
を検出し事前に規定づけた繰返し周期と水深の変換検出
を行なうことによって、水深を知ることができる。Therefore, the transmitted ultrasonic signal is changed in the repetition period, that is, T0 to T2, on the side of the device that receives and processes the ultrasonic signal.
The water depth can be known by detecting and detecting the conversion cycle of the water depth and the repetition cycle defined in advance.
（変形実施例） この発明は次の変形実施が可能である。(Modified Embodiment) This invention can be modified as follows.
（１） 水圧値を水深に換算することなく、そのまま水
圧値情報を検知する目的に使用する。(1) It is used for the purpose of directly detecting the water pressure value information without converting the water pressure value into the water depth.
（２） 送波器の形状を円形・角形などの板状または柱
状のもの、もしくは、ランジュバン型など圧電型振動子
にして同様の容量変化により目的の動作を行わせる。(2) The shape of the wave transmitter is plate-like or columnar such as circular or square, or a piezoelectric vibrator such as Langevin type, and the desired operation is performed by the same capacitance change.
（３） 送波信号を超音波信号に変換せずに電気信号ま
たは電波信号で行わせるものに利用する。(3) It is used for an electric signal or a radio wave signal without converting the transmitted signal into an ultrasonic signal.
（４） 周波動作回路を単安定または双安定などの周期
動作を行う形式のものにする。(4) The frequency operation circuit is of a type that performs periodic operation such as monostable or bistable.
（効 果） 以上のように本発明によれば、振動子ＴＤを水深または
水圧情報遠地のために水深／時間変換回路の時定数素子
と発振回路の振動素子とを兼ねさせることができるの
で、水深検出系の部品を無くして装置の構造を簡単に
し、形状の小型化、重量の低減化および安価な装置の提
供が可能になる特長がある。(Effect) As described above, according to the present invention, the vibrator TD can be used as both the time constant element of the water depth / time conversion circuit and the vibration element of the oscillation circuit for the water depth or water pressure information distant place. It has features that the parts of the water depth detection system are eliminated and the structure of the device is simplified, the size is reduced, the weight is reduced, and an inexpensive device can be provided.
第１図は本発明による実施例の回路図、第２図は従来技
術による装置のブロック図、第３図(a)(b)は波形図、第
４図は装着例の一部断面図、第５図は振動子の容量変化
の一特性例図である。 ＴＤ：振動子 Ｚ ：振動子のインピーダンス ＴＦ：トランス ＴＲ：トランジスタ ＲＶ１，ＲＶ２：抵抗 Ｃ１，Ｃ２，Ｃ３：コンデンサー ＢＴ：電池 １：水深検出器 ２：水深／時間変換回路 ３：送信回路 ４：振動子 Ｔ０，Ｔ１，Ｔ２：繰返し周期 ｔｏ：送波パルス幅 10：密閉筒体 11：密閉筒体外壁 12：反射層 13：接続線 14：保護層FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a device according to the prior art, FIGS. 3 (a) and (b) are waveform diagrams, and FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a mounting example, FIG. 5 is a characteristic example diagram of the capacitance change of the vibrator. TD: oscillator Z: oscillator impedance TF: transformer TR: transistor RV1, RV2: resistance C1, C2, C3: capacitor BT: battery 1: water depth detector 2: water depth / time conversion circuit 3: transmission circuit 4: vibration Child T0, T1, T2: Repetition period to: Transmission pulse width 10: Sealed cylinder 11: Sealed cylinder outer wall 12: Reflective layer 13: Connection line 14: Protective layer
Claims (1)
期の変化によって伝送する送信器において a. 前記伝送する周波数の発振を得るための素子を圧電
振動子を用いて構成する発振手段と、 b. 前記繰返し周期の変化を得るための時定数変化を前
記圧電振動子の前記水深または水圧の変化による容量変
化によって構成する時定数手段と を具備することにより、前記伝送する周波数の発振と前
記周期の変化とを同一の振動子によって得られるように
したことを特長とする水深または水圧探知送信器。1. A transmitter for transmitting information for detecting water depth or water pressure by changing a repetition period: a. Oscillating means comprising a piezoelectric vibrator as an element for obtaining oscillation of the frequency to be transmitted; b. .Oscillation of the frequency to be transmitted and the cycle by providing a time constant means for forming a time constant change for obtaining the change of the repetition cycle by a capacity change due to the water depth or water pressure change of the piezoelectric vibrator. The water depth or water pressure detection transmitter is characterized in that the changes of the above are obtained by the same oscillator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26037486A JPH069073B2 (en) | 1986-10-31 | 1986-10-31 | Depth or pressure detection transmitter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26037486A JPH069073B2 (en) | 1986-10-31 | 1986-10-31 | Depth or pressure detection transmitter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63115299A JPS63115299A (en) | 1988-05-19 |
| JPH069073B2 true JPH069073B2 (en) | 1994-02-02 |
Family
ID=17347036
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26037486A Expired - Lifetime JPH069073B2 (en) | 1986-10-31 | 1986-10-31 | Depth or pressure detection transmitter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH069073B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110986893A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-10 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Water depth-attitude monitoring device of mooring system |
-
1986
- 1986-10-31 JP JP26037486A patent/JPH069073B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63115299A (en) | 1988-05-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |