JPH0697919B2 - Grafting method and grafting tool - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a grafting method and a grafting tool, and more particularly to a plant grafting method and a grafting tool that is attached to a grafting part for grafting.

[Conventional technology]

The grafting of plants is performed by cutting the rootstock and the scion and bringing the grafted surfaces of both into close contact.

Conventionally, as grafting methods, methods such as split grafting, insertion grafting, and call grafting have been performed manually.

When grafting, it is necessary to ensure that the grafted surfaces are in close contact and are held and fixed.

Therefore, for example, a grafting tool such as a grafting tape or a grafting clip may be attached to the grafting portion.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional grafting methods, fine manual work is required for cutting the scion and the rootstock and for attaching the grafting tool to the grafting section.

In particular, cutting the stems or rootstocks with a thin stem or hypocotyl diameter requires skill.

However, it is difficult to mechanize the conventional grafting method because the cutting method is too complicated.

As a method suitable for mechanization for cutting the scion and the rootstock, a method of cutting the stem or the stem or the hypocotyl of the rootstock obliquely and joining them (hereinafter, referred to as “oblique gluing”) can be considered.

The oblique joining is easy to cut itself, but in order to increase the survival rate, it is necessary to surely adhere and hold / fix the graft portion.

However, in the case of diagonal grafting, the grafting surfaces that are the contact surface between the scion and the rootstock are smooth surfaces, and the cutting surface is inclined with respect to the stem or the hypocotyl, so the grafting part is attached to the grafting part. Even if attached, the grafting surface of the scion and the rootstock easily slips off, and the scion easily slips off even if the grafting tape is wrapped around the grafting part.

Furthermore, in any case, when the grafted needle is moved, it must be handled with care, and the handling is troublesome, and careless handling reduces the survival rate of the graft.

Therefore, there has been a demand for a means capable of surely adhering the rootstock and the scion even in the case of diagonal connection, and capable of firmly holding and fixing the rootstock and the scion.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention has been made to solve the problems as described above, and has the following means.

First, after cutting the rootstock and the scion and attaching the grafting material made of heat-shrinkable plastic to the grafting part where the grafting surface of the rootstock is aligned with the grafting surface of the rooting, the grafting tool A method of grafting in which the rootstock and the scion are held and fixed while the grafting surface of the rootstock and the scion are brought into close contact with each other by applying heat to the shrimp to shrink.

Here, the grafted portion refers to a portion of a stem or a hypocotyl which is a portion where the grafted surface of the scion and the grafted surface of the rootstock are combined.

Further, the grafting tool is attached so as to surround the grafting part.

The cutting of the rootstock and the scion is not limited to the case of cutting diagonally, and includes, for example, the case of cutting horizontally and the case of cutting in a wedge shape.

Secondly, in the first case, a grafting method using a tube-shaped or tape-shaped grafting tool.

Thirdly, the grafting tool is made of heat-shrinkable plastic and has a tube shape or a tape shape.

Fourthly, a grafting tool made of heat-shrinkable plastic, having a tubular shape, and having perforations formed in the axial direction.

Fifth, the grafting tool is made of heat-shrinkable plastic, has a tubular shape, and has cuts at the ends.

[Action]

According to the present invention, the heat-shrinkable plastic graft material shrinks not only in the lateral direction but also in the vertical direction when it shrinks due to heat, so that the grafting tool exerts a force not only in the inner diameter direction but also in the axial direction. Working, the grafting surface of the rootstock and the scion is pressed down from above and below and in each direction of the surroundings to be brought into close contact with each other in a crimped state, and the scion is firmly held and fixed to the rootstock.

Also, since the grafting part is covered with the grafting tool, it is hard to dry,
The survival rate can be improved.

Since the grafted part and its surroundings are sterilized when heat is applied to the grafting tool, invasion of disease-causing bacteria from the grafted surface is prevented and the survival rate of the grafted part is increased.

The grafting tool attached to the grafting part usually falls off naturally as the plant grows.

If it is difficult for the graft to fall off naturally, use a graft with perforations or cuts.As the plant grows, it tears from the perforations and cuts, and the graft easily falls off naturally. Become.

Further, when the shape of the grafting tool is a tape shape, it is possible to handle the grafting tool in the same manner as a tubular shape by stopping the tape end wound around the grafting section with an adhesive or the like.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(A) Description of Steps FIGS. 1a to 1e are perspective views sequentially showing the steps of the grafting method of the present invention.

Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to these drawings.

In Fig. 1a, 1 indicates a seedling grown as a rootstock or a scion.

The seedling is cut diagonally with a circular cutter 2 as shown in FIG. 1b, or a cutting tool such as a sharp knife (not shown).

After cutting, the seedling on the pot side can be used as the rootstock 3, and the seedling on the other side can be used as the scion 4 to be combined with rootstocks of other species.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1c, the tubular graft 5
Insert the grafted surface on the rootstock 3 side until it fits inside the tube.

Then, as shown in FIG. 1d, the scion 4 is inserted into the grafting tool 5, the grafting surfaces of the rootstock 3 and the scion 4 are aligned, and the scion 4
When the grafting surface of No. 3 is brought into close contact with the grafting surface of the rootstock 3, the grafting tool 5 is attached to the grafting section.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 1e, the hot air generator 6 applies hot air of, for example, 250 ° C. to the graft member 5 made of a heat-shrinkable plastic material for 2 seconds to shrink the graft member 5 and thereby the rootstock 3 And the bushing 4 and the grafting surface are closely attached,
Hold and fix.

Immediately after contraction of the graft, water is sprayed to cool the plant.

In addition, the grafting tool attached to the grafting part usually falls off naturally as the plant grows, so that it is possible to save the trouble of removing the material for holding and fixing the scion and the rootstock.

(B) Grafting tool Figs. 2a to 2c are perspective views of the tubular grafting device, and Figs. 3a to 3c.
FIG. 3c is a perspective view showing a state where the tape-shaped graft member is attached to the graft portion.

The grafting material is heat shrinkable plastic,
Shrinks vertically and horizontally.

The grafting tool 5 includes a tubular grafting tool shown in FIGS. 2a to 2c.
51, and the tape-like graft 52 shown in FIGS. 3a to 3c.

The tubular graft tool 51 has an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the rootstock by about 10 to 30%.

As the tubular graft 51, for example, Sumitomo Electric Co., Ltd., Sumitube A (trade name), thickness 0.2 mm, length 2 cm, inner diameter shrinkage of 40% or more, axial shrinkage of 15% or less, shrinkage start A temperature of 75 ° C and a shrinkage completion temperature of 115 ° C can be used.

Further, it is also possible to form perforations 51a at intervals of, for example, 1 mm as shown in FIG. 2b, or to form cuts 51b at the ends as shown in FIG. 2c.

To attach the tubular graft 51 to the graft, first insert the tubular graft 51 into the rootstock and then insert the scion into the tubular graft, as described in (a) above.
However, other than this, the tubular graft graft 51 may be inserted on the side of the scion and then inserted into the rootstock.

To attach the tape-shaped graft tool 52 to the graft portion, for example, the following is performed.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3a, the grafted part 52 is sandwiched between the grafted parts 52 and wound around in a U-shape, and both tape ends are joined together.
Stop the combined part with a needle 52a made of metal or plastic.

As shown in FIG. 3b, the graft-shaped graft tool 52 sandwiches the graft part and surrounds it in a U-shape. The ends of both tapes are aligned, and the combined part 52b is fixed with an adhesive or heat-sealed.

As shown in FIG. 3c, the tape-like graft member 52 is wrapped around the graft portion.

In this case, the winding is stopped by the adhesive 52c or the like so that the winding end overlaps the winding start end.

(C) Test With respect to the present invention group 1 to the present invention group 3, grafting was performed under the following conditions according to the process described in the above (a).

In addition, in this invention ward 1-this invention ward 3, as a grafting tool,
The heat-shrinkable plastic described in item (b) [Sumitube A (trade name) manufactured by Sumitomo Electric, thickness: 0.2 mm, length 2 cm,
Inner diameter: about 10 to 30% larger than the diameter of the rootstock, 40% or more in the inner diameter direction, 15% or less in the axial direction, shrinkage start temperature 75 ℃, shrinkage completion temperature 115 ℃] Perforations were formed at 1 mm intervals, and the scion and rootstock were cut with a sharp razor.

In addition, grafting was performed under the same conditions as in the present invention section 1 to the present invention section 3 except that a conventional graft clip was used as the grafting tool, to obtain control section 1 to control section 3, respectively.

Inventive Zone 1 Target ... Cucumber Houki: Cucumber variety "Antarctic No. 1" that one leaf has started to develop Rootstock: Pumpkin variety "Shintosa" that cotyledon has been cut off ... The hypocotyl was cut diagonally.

The present invention 2 Target: Tomato Panicle: Tomato variety "Zuishu" developed with 4 true leaves Rootstock: Disease resistant rootstock tomato variety "Disease resistant Shinko No. 1" developed with 4 true leaves Cutting ... The stems were cut at the internodes of 2 to 3 leaves, the rootstocks were cut diagonally with the stems above the cotyledons, and the lower roots of the rootstocks and the upper roots of the rootstocks were excised from the petiole base.

The present invention section 3 Targets ... Eggplant spikelets ... Eggplant variety "Senryo" developed with 5 true leaves Rootstock: Disease-resistant eggplant varieties developed with 6 true leaves "Disease resistant VF" Cutting: Both spikes and rootstocks 3 ~ The leaves were cut diagonally from the internodes of four leaves, and the lower one leaf of the scion and the upper one leaf of the rootstock were excised from the petiole base.

(D) Test results Inventive plot 1 (cucumber) and control plot 1 for 28 individuals, inventive plot 2 (tomato) and control plot 2 for 31 individuals, and inventive plot 3 (eggplant) as controls Each of the 16 plots was treated with each of the plots 3 and the survival rate of each invention plot and each control plot was calculated by the following formula: survival rate (%) = (number of survival / treatment number) × 100.

The results are shown in Table 1.

From Table 1, it was confirmed that, in any of the types, the inventive zone had a higher survival rate.

〔The invention's effect〕

Since the present invention has been described above, the following effects can be obtained.

It is possible to improve the survival rate of the graft.

In particular, even in the case of diagonal gluing, the rootstock and the scion can be surely brought into close contact with each other, the scion can be firmly held and fixed on the rootstock, and the survival rate can be increased.

Therefore, it can be an effective means for mechanization of grafting by diagonal joining.

[Brief description of drawings]

1a to 1e are perspective views sequentially showing the steps of the grafting method of the present invention. 2a to 2c are perspective views of the tubular graft. FIGS. 3a to 3c are perspective views showing how the tape-shaped graft graft is attached to the graft section. 3 ... Rootstock, 4 ... Spring 5 ... Grafting tool, 6 ... Hot air generator 51 ... Tubular grafting tool 51a ... Perforation, 51b ... Slit 52 ... Tape grafting tool

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A grafting tool, which is made of heat-shrinkable plastic, is attached to a grafting part in which the rootstock and the scion are cut, and the grafting surface of the rootstock is aligned with the grafting surface of the scrub. A grafting method in which the grafting surface of the rootstock and the scion is brought into close contact with each other and the scion is held and fixed to the rootstock by applying heat to the tool to shrink it. 2. The grafting method according to claim 1, wherein a grafting tool having a tube shape or a tape shape is used. 3. A grafting tool made of heat-shrinkable plastic and having a tube shape or a tape shape. 4. A grafting tool made of heat-shrinkable plastic, having a tubular shape, and having perforations formed in the axial direction. 5. A graft connector in which the material is heat-shrinkable plastic, the shape is tubular, and a cut is formed at the end.