JPH07115773A - Uninterruptible power system - Google Patents
Uninterruptible power systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07115773A JPH07115773A JP5256728A JP25672893A JPH07115773A JP H07115773 A JPH07115773 A JP H07115773A JP 5256728 A JP5256728 A JP 5256728A JP 25672893 A JP25672893 A JP 25672893A JP H07115773 A JPH07115773 A JP H07115773A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- bridge circuit
- battery
- uninterruptible power
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 バッテリーの充電を可能とし、リアクトルと
コンデンサを小さくし小形化すること。
【構成】 ダイオードが逆並列に接続された第１，第２
のスイッチ素子８，９を直列接続して成るブリッジ回路
と、前記第１，第２のスイッチ素子の直列接続点をイン
ダクタンス６を介して交流電源１の一端及びバッテリー
２の一端のいずれかに接続する切換スイッチ３と、前記
ブリッジ回路の両端に直列接続され、該直列接続点が前
記交流電源の他端に接続された第１，第２のコンデンサ
14，15を備え、前記バッテリーの他端が前記ブリッジ回
路の一端に接続された無停電電源装置において、ダイオ
ードが逆並列に接続された第３，第４のスイッチ素子1
0，11を直列接続して前記第１，第２のコンデンサの両
端に接続すると共に、前記第３，第４のスイッチ素子の
直列接続点を第２のインダクタンス７を介して前記バッ
テリーの一端に接続する第２のブリッジ回路を設けたも
の。
(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To make it possible to charge the battery and to make the reactor and capacitor smaller and smaller. [Configuration] First and second diodes in which diodes are connected in antiparallel
The bridge circuit formed by connecting the switch elements 8 and 9 in series and the series connection point of the first and second switch elements are connected to either one end of the AC power supply 1 or one end of the battery 2 via the inductance 6. Changeover switch 3 and a first and a second capacitor connected in series to both ends of the bridge circuit, the series connection point being connected to the other end of the AC power supply.
In the uninterruptible power supply device including the batteries 14 and 15, the other end of the battery being connected to one end of the bridge circuit, the third and fourth switch elements 1 in which diodes are connected in antiparallel.
0 and 11 are connected in series to both ends of the first and second capacitors, and the series connection point of the third and fourth switching elements is connected to one end of the battery via the second inductance 7. A second bridge circuit for connection is provided.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ハーフブリッジ回路を
用いた無停電電源装置に係り、特に、低い電圧のバッテ
リーでバックアップ運転を行う場合に適した無停電電源
装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply using a half bridge circuit, and more particularly to an uninterruptible power supply suitable for backup operation with a low voltage battery.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ハーフブリッジ回路を用いた従来の無停
電電源装置（以下、ＵＰＳと略す）の回路構成を図２に
示す。図２において、逆並列ダイオードをもつスイッチ
素子（８，９および12，13）で成る２つのハーフブリッ
ジ回路が直流母線Ｐ，Ｎ間に接続され、直列接続された
コンデンサ14，15がＰ，Ｎ間に接続される。交流電源１
の一端（ライン相）がリレー３、変流器４、リアクトル
６を介しスイッチ素子８，９の直列接続点に接続され
る。また、交流電源１の他端（中性相）がコンデンサ1
4，15の直列接続点に接続される。バッテリー２の負極
が直流母線のＮ側に接続され、バッテリー２の正極はリ
レー変流器４、リアクトル６を介してスイッチ素子８，
９に接続される。リレー３は切換スイッチとして機能
し、制御回路18からの指令によって切り換えられる。ス
イッチ素子12，13の接続点とコンデンサ14，15の接続点
がフィルタ16を介して交流電圧を出力する端子に接続さ
れる。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 2 shows a circuit configuration of a conventional uninterruptible power supply (hereinafter abbreviated as UPS) using a half bridge circuit. In FIG. 2, two half-bridge circuits composed of switching elements (8, 9 and 12, 13) having anti-parallel diodes are connected between DC buses P and N, and capacitors 14 and 15 connected in series are P and N. Connected in between. AC power supply 1
One end (line phase) of is connected to the series connection point of the switch elements 8 and 9 via the relay 3, the current transformer 4, and the reactor 6. Also, the other end (neutral phase) of the AC power supply 1 is the capacitor 1
Connected to 4 and 15 series connection points. The negative electrode of the battery 2 is connected to the N side of the DC bus, and the positive electrode of the battery 2 is connected to the switching element 8 via the relay current transformer 4 and the reactor 6.
9 is connected. The relay 3 functions as a changeover switch and is changed over by a command from the control circuit 18. The connection points of the switch elements 12 and 13 and the connection points of the capacitors 14 and 15 are connected to a terminal that outputs an AC voltage via the filter 16.
【０００３】制御回路18は、交流電源１が正常のとき、
リレー３のａ−ｃ間を閉とし、スイッチ素子８，９を交
直変換器として動作させ、リアクトル４に流れる電流、
つまりＵＰＳの入力電流を、力率１の正弦波状の電流波
形となる様に制御すると共に直流母線Ｐ，Ｎ間の直流電
圧を所定値に制御する。この場合、定格出力を
Ｐout(W)、交流電源１の電圧をＶ1(rms)、装置効率η1
とすると、ＵＰＳの入力電流つまりリアクトル４に流れ
る電流Ｉ1(rms)は、The control circuit 18 operates when the AC power source 1 is normal.
The relay 3 is closed between a and c, the switch elements 8 and 9 are operated as an AC-DC converter, and the current flowing through the reactor 4 is
That is, the input current of the UPS is controlled to have a sinusoidal current waveform with a power factor of 1, and the DC voltage between the DC buses P and N is controlled to a predetermined value. In this case, the rated output is P out (W) , the voltage of the AC power supply 1 is V 1 (rms) , and the device efficiency η 1
Then, the UPS input current, that is, the current I 1 (rms) flowing in the reactor 4 is
【０００４】[0004]
【数１】 となる。また、制御回路18は、交流電源１の停電や異常
電圧低下等の異常時に、リレー３のｂ−ｃ間を閉とし、
スイッチ素子９を昇圧チョッパとして動作させバッテリ
ー２の電圧を昇圧して所定の直流電圧を維持するように
制御する。この場合、同じ定格出力Ｐout で、バッテリ
ー２の電圧をＶB 、バッテリー放電時の装置効果をη2
とすると、バッテリーの放電電流つまりリアクトル４に
流れる電流ＩB は[Equation 1] Becomes Further, the control circuit 18 closes the relay 3 between b and c at the time of an abnormality such as a power failure of the AC power source 1 or an abnormal voltage drop,
The switch element 9 is operated as a step-up chopper to control the voltage of the battery 2 so as to maintain a predetermined DC voltage. In this case, at the same rated output P out , the voltage of the battery 2 is V B , and the device effect at the time of battery discharge is η 2.
When the current I B flowing through the discharge current, i.e. the reactor 4 of the battery
【０００５】[0005]
【数２】 となる。ここで、装置効率η1 とη2 がほぼ等しいもの
とすると、Ｉ1(rms)とＩB の関係は[Equation 2] Becomes Here, assuming that the device efficiencies η 1 and η 2 are almost equal, the relationship between I 1 (rms) and I B is
【０００６】[0006]
【数３】 となる。交流電圧Ｖ1(rms)とバッテリー電圧ＶB とがほ
ぼ同じレベルであれば、ほぼ、ＩB ＝Ｉ1(rms)となり特
に問題とならないが、バッテリー電圧ＶB が小さくな
り、Ｖ1(rms)＞＞ＶB の時はＩB ＞＞Ｉ1(rms)となり問
題となる。[Equation 3] Becomes If the AC voltage V 1 (rms) and the battery voltage V B are at approximately the same level, I B = I 1 (rms) , and there is no particular problem, but the battery voltage V B becomes small and V 1 (rms) ) >> V B , I B >> I 1 (rms) , which is a problem.
【０００７】例えば交流電圧が 100Ｖ(rms) でバッテリ
電圧が48Ｖの場合、約、ＩB ＝ 100／48×Ｉ1(rms)＝２
Ｉ1(rms)となり、停電バックアップ時には、通常の交流
電源１からの入力電流の２倍以上の電流がリアクトル４
およびスイッチ８，９に流れることになる。一般的には
バックアップ時間は例えば５分、10分という様に短時間
の場合が多いが、一方ではバッテリーバックアップ時間
の延長要求も少なくなく、その場合、熱的にも連続定格
として放熱設計する必要がある。For example, when the AC voltage is 100 V (rms) and the battery voltage is 48 V, about I B = 100/48 × I 1 (rms) = 2
It becomes I 1 (rms) , and at the time of power failure backup, current more than twice the input current from the normal AC power supply 1 is applied to the reactor 4.
And the switches 8 and 9 will flow. In general, the backup time is often short, for example, 5 minutes or 10 minutes, but on the other hand, there is not much demand for extending the battery backup time, and in that case, it is necessary to design heat dissipation as a continuous rating. There is.
【０００８】例えば１kVA 級のＵＰＳでＡＣ 100Ｖ入
力、バッテリー電圧48Ｖ（12Ｖ−４直列）とした場合、
交流入力動作時のみを考慮すると、２mH−10Ａ程度のリ
アクトルとなる。しかし、バッテリーバックアップ動作
時にリアクトルに流れる電流は20Ａ程度になり、実際に
は２mH−20Ａのリアクトルが必要となる。For example, in case of UPS of 1kVA class, AC 100V input, battery voltage 48V (12V-4 series),
Considering only the AC input operation, the reactor is about 2mH-10A. However, the current that flows in the reactor during battery backup operation is about 20A, and a 2mH-20A reactor is actually required.
【０００９】一般的にリアクトルの大きさはＬ×（Ｉ）
2 にほぼ比例するので交流入力動作時に必要なリアクト
ルの大きさの約４倍の大きさとなり、それだけ高価なも
のになる。Generally, the size of the reactor is L × (I)
Since it is almost proportional to 2 , it is about 4 times the size of the reactor required for AC input operation, which is more expensive.
【００１０】また、従来の装置では、停電発生時にリレ
ー３を切り換えてスイッチ素子８，９の動作を昇圧チョ
ッパモードに切り替えるので、停電検出までの遅れや、
切り替え時間等が存在し、少なくとも半サイクル〜１サ
イクルの間はコンデンサ14，15の充電電荷のみで動作す
る必要がある。従って、大きな負荷（少なくとも定格負
荷）の状態でコンデンサ14，15の電圧の変化が許容範囲
内になる様に容量を設定するか、コンデンサの充電電圧
を高く設定する必要がある。しかし、前者の場合、コン
デンサの容量が大きくなり、外形、コストの面で不利と
なり、また後者の場合、スイッチング損失の増加、リア
クトルの高周波損失の増加という問題が発生し、高周波
特性の良い高価なリアクトルの採用あるいは冷却面での
強化等が必要となる。また、装置効率低下の要因にもな
る。Further, in the conventional apparatus, when the power failure occurs, the relay 3 is switched to switch the operation of the switch elements 8 and 9 to the step-up chopper mode.
There is a switching time, etc., and it is necessary to operate only with the charges charged in the capacitors 14 and 15 for at least half cycle to one cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to set the capacitance such that the change in the voltage of the capacitors 14 and 15 is within the allowable range under a large load (at least the rated load) or set the charging voltage of the capacitor high. However, in the former case, the capacity of the capacitor is large, which is disadvantageous in terms of external shape and cost. In the latter case, there are problems such as an increase in switching loss and an increase in high frequency loss of the reactor. It is necessary to adopt reactors or strengthen cooling. It also causes a decrease in device efficiency.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上の説明の様に従来
の回路構成はシンプルではあるが、次のような問題があ
る。 （１）交流入力電圧とバッテリ電圧とに大きな差がある
場合、リアクトルが大きくなり、重量が増し、高価にな
ること。Although the conventional circuit configuration is simple as described above, it has the following problems. (1) When there is a large difference between the AC input voltage and the battery voltage, the reactor becomes large, the weight increases, and the cost becomes high.
【００１２】（２）バックアップ動作の起動タイミング
に時間遅れが必要なので、コンデンサの容量を大きくし
たり、充電電圧を高くすることが必要となり、外形が大
きくなり、重量が増し、あるいは装置効率が低下する。(2) Since there is a time delay in the start-up timing of the backup operation, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the capacitor and the charging voltage, which results in an increase in external size, weight, or a decrease in device efficiency. To do.
【００１３】（３）バッテリーを充電するための充電器
が別に必要である。本発明は上記問題を解決しようとし
てなされたもので、その目的とするところは、新たなハ
ーフブリッジ回路を設け、バッテリーの充電を行うと共
に、バックアップ動作を直ちに起動可能にし、その後、
従来のハーフブリッジ回路を並列運転するようにして、
リアクトルとコンデンサを小さくし高性能化、小形化し
た無停電電源装置を提供することにある。(3) A separate charger for charging the battery is required. The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and the purpose thereof is to provide a new half bridge circuit, charge the battery, and immediately start the backup operation, and thereafter,
By operating the conventional half bridge circuit in parallel,
It is to provide an uninterruptible power supply with a smaller reactor and a higher performance and a smaller size.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、ダイオードが逆並列に接続された第１，
第２のスイッチ素子を直列接続して成るブリッジ回路
と、前記第１，第２のスイッチ素子の直列接続点をイン
ダクタンスを介して交流電源の一端及びバッテリーの一
端のいずれかに接続する切換スイッチと、前記ブリッジ
回路の両端に直列接続され、該直列接続点が前記交流電
源の他端に接続された第１，第２のコンデンサを備え、
前記バッテリーの他端が前記ブリッジ回路の一端に接続
された無停電電源装置において、ダイオードが逆並列に
接続された第３，第４のスイッチ素子を直列接続して前
記第１，第２のコンデンサの両端に接続すると共に、前
記第３，第４のスイッチ素子の直列接続点を第２のイン
ダクタンスを介して前記バッテリーの一端に接続する第
２のブリッジ回路を設ける。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a first and a second diode connected in antiparallel.
A bridge circuit formed by connecting second switch elements in series, and a changeover switch connecting a series connection point of the first and second switch elements to either one end of an AC power supply or one end of a battery via an inductance. And a first and a second capacitor connected in series to both ends of the bridge circuit, the series connection point being connected to the other end of the AC power supply,
In the uninterruptible power supply device in which the other end of the battery is connected to one end of the bridge circuit, the first and second capacitors are formed by serially connecting third and fourth switch elements in which diodes are connected in antiparallel. And a second bridge circuit that connects the series connection points of the third and fourth switching elements to one end of the battery via a second inductance.
【００１５】更に、交流電源が正常の場合、前記切換ス
イッチを交流電源側へ切り換えて、前記ブリッジ回路に
より交流電源から所定の直流電圧を得、前記第２のブリ
ッジ回路により前記直流電圧を降圧して前記バッテリー
を充電する。Further, when the AC power supply is normal, the changeover switch is switched to the AC power supply side, the bridge circuit obtains a predetermined DC voltage from the AC power supply, and the second bridge circuit steps down the DC voltage. To charge the battery.
【００１６】更に、交流電源が異常の場合、前記切換ス
イッチをバッテリー側に切り換えて、前記ブリッジ回路
と前記第２のブリッジ回路を昇圧チョッパとして並列に
動作させ、前記バッテリーから所定の直流電圧を得る。Further, when the AC power source is abnormal, the changeover switch is switched to the battery side, the bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are operated in parallel as a boost chopper, and a predetermined DC voltage is obtained from the battery. .
【００１７】更に、交流電源が正常な状態から異常な状
態へ変化したとき、前記ブリッジ回路の動作を直ちに中
止させると共に前記第２のブリッジ回路を昇圧チョッパ
として直ちに動作を開始させ、前記切換スイッチを交流
電源側からバッテリー側へ切り換えた後、前記ブリッジ
回路を昇圧チョッパとして動作させ、前記第２のブリッ
ジ回路と並列に運転する。Further, when the AC power supply changes from a normal state to an abnormal state, the operation of the bridge circuit is immediately stopped and the second bridge circuit is immediately started to operate as a step-up chopper, and the changeover switch is turned on. After switching from the AC power supply side to the battery side, the bridge circuit is operated as a step-up chopper and operated in parallel with the second bridge circuit.
【００１８】更に、交流電源が異常な状態から正常な状
態へ変化したとき、前記第２のブリッジ回路の昇圧チョ
ッパの動作を継続したまま前記ブリッジ回路の昇圧チョ
ッパとしての動作を中止させ、前記切換スイッチをバッ
テリー側から交流電源側へ切り換えた後、前記ブリッジ
回路を交直変換器として動作を開始させ、その後、前記
第２のブリッジ回路の昇圧チョッパとしての動作を中止
する。Further, when the AC power supply changes from an abnormal state to a normal state, the operation of the bridge circuit as the step-up chopper is stopped while the operation of the step-up chopper of the second bridge circuit is continued, and the switching is performed. After switching the switch from the battery side to the AC power source side, the bridge circuit is started to operate as an AC / DC converter, and then the operation of the second bridge circuit as a step-up chopper is stopped.
【００１９】更に、ダイオードが逆並列に接続された第
５，第６のスイッチ素子を直列接続して前記第１，第２
のコンデンサの両端に接続し、前記第５，第６のスイッ
チ素子の直列接続点と前記第１，第２のコンデンサの直
列接続点との間に交流電圧を出力する第３のブリッジ回
路を設ける。更に、前記ブリッジ回路、前記第２のブリ
ッジ回路、前記第３のブリッジ回路を３相ブリッジ回路
の１個のモジュールで構成する。Furthermore, the first and second switching elements are connected in series by connecting fifth and sixth switching elements in which diodes are connected in antiparallel.
And a third bridge circuit that is connected to both ends of the capacitor and outputs an AC voltage between the series connection point of the fifth and sixth switch elements and the series connection point of the first and second capacitors. . Furthermore, the bridge circuit, the second bridge circuit, and the third bridge circuit are configured by one module of a three-phase bridge circuit.
【００２０】[0020]
【作用】上記構成において、交流電源が正常の場合、ブ
リッジ回路は交直変換器として機能し、直列接続された
第１，第２のコンデンサの両端に所定の直流電圧を出力
し、第２のブリッジ回路は降圧チョッパとして機能し、
この直流電圧を降圧してバッテリーの充電を行う。ま
た、交流電源が異常の場合、ブリッジ回路と第２のブリ
ッジ回路はそれぞれインダクタンスと第２のインダクタ
ンスを介して昇圧チョッパとして並列に動作する。In the above structure, when the AC power supply is normal, the bridge circuit functions as an AC / DC converter, outputs a predetermined DC voltage across the first and second capacitors connected in series, and outputs the second bridge. The circuit functions as a step-down chopper,
This DC voltage is reduced to charge the battery. When the AC power supply is abnormal, the bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit operate in parallel as a boost chopper via the inductance and the second inductance, respectively.
【００２１】交流電源が正常な状態から異常な状態に変
化したとき、直ちに、ブリッジ回路の交直変換器として
の機能を直ちに中止させ、同時に第２のブリッジ回路を
昇圧チョッパとして起動させバッテリーから電力を供給
して第１，第２のコンデンサの電圧を所定値に制御する
動作を開始させる。そして、切換スイッチをバッテリー
側へ切り換えた後、ブリッジ回路を昇圧チョッパとして
起動させ、第２のブリッジ回路と並列に運転させる。ま
た、交流電源が異常な状態から正常な状態へ変化したと
き、第２のブリッジ回路の昇圧チョッパの動作を継続し
た状態でブリッジ回路の昇圧チョッパとしての動作を直
ちに中止させ、切換スイッチを交流電源側へ切り換えた
後、ブリッジ回路を交直変換器として動作を開始させ、
その後、第２のブリッジ回路の昇圧チョッパとしての動
作を中止する。また、第３のブリッジ回路は第１，第２
のコンデンサに充電された電流電圧を交流電圧に変換し
て出力する。When the AC power supply changes from a normal state to an abnormal state, the function of the bridge circuit as an AC / DC converter is immediately stopped, and at the same time, the second bridge circuit is activated as a step-up chopper to supply power from the battery. The operation of supplying the voltage and controlling the voltage of the first and second capacitors to a predetermined value is started. Then, after switching the changeover switch to the battery side, the bridge circuit is activated as a step-up chopper to operate in parallel with the second bridge circuit. Further, when the AC power supply changes from an abnormal state to a normal state, the operation of the bridge circuit as the step-up chopper is immediately stopped while the operation of the step-up chopper of the second bridge circuit is continued, and the changeover switch is switched to the AC power source. After switching to the side, start operation as a bridge circuit as an AC-DC converter,
Then, the operation of the second bridge circuit as the boost chopper is stopped. In addition, the third bridge circuit includes the first and second
The current voltage charged in the capacitor is converted into an AC voltage and output.
【００２２】[0022]
【実施例】本発明の無停電電源装置による実施例の構成
を図１に示す。図１において、ダイオードが逆並列に接
続されたスイッチ素子10，11で成るハーフブリッジ回
路、変流器５、リアクトル７が新たに付加された回路で
他は図２（従来）と同じものである。但し、制御回路17
には後述する新たな制御機能が付加されている。FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an embodiment of the uninterruptible power supply system of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a half-bridge circuit including switching elements 10 and 11 in which diodes are connected in antiparallel, a current transformer 5, and a reactor 7 are newly added, and the others are the same as those in FIG. 2 (conventional). . However, the control circuit 17
Has a new control function described later.
【００２３】上記構成において、交流電源１が正常の場
合、制御回路17はリレー３（切換スイッチ）のａ−ｃ間
を閉とし、スイッチ素子８，９をＰＷＭコンバータ（交
直変換器）として動作させ、従来と同様に、交流入力電
流Ｉ1 を力率１の正弦波状の電流波形に制御しつつ、コ
ンデンサ14，15の充電電圧が所定の直流電圧ＶDCとなる
様に制御する。一方、スイッチ素子10をオン・オフして
コンデンサ14，15の充電電圧を入力とする降圧チョッパ
として動作させ、バッテリー２を充電する。交流電源１
の電圧が異常低下あるいは停電が発生し、正常な状態か
ら異常な状態へ変化すると、制御回路17がそれを検出
し、直ちにスイッチ素子10の降圧チョッパとしての動作
を中止させ、バッテリー電圧を入力としてコンデンサ1
4，15の電圧を所定の直流電圧ＶDCに維持するようにス
イッチ素子11をオン・オフしてリアクトル７に電流を流
し、昇圧チョッパとして動作を再開させる。同時にスイ
ッチ素子８，９のＰＷＭコンバータとしての動作を中止
させ、リレー３のａ−ｃ間を開、ｂ−ｃ間を閉とし、交
流入力側からバッテリー側へ切り換える。また、リレー
３の動作遅れ等を考慮した所定の時間（例えば、正弦波
の１サイクル50Hzの場合、20mS）後にスイッチ素子９を
スイッチ素子11と同様にオン・オフしてバッテリー２か
らリアクトル６に電流を流し、昇圧チョッパとして動作
を再開させる。In the above configuration, when the AC power supply 1 is normal, the control circuit 17 closes the relay 3 (changeover switch) between a and c, and operates the switch elements 8 and 9 as a PWM converter (AC / DC converter). As in the conventional case, the AC input current I 1 is controlled to have a sinusoidal current waveform with a power factor of 1 and the charging voltage of the capacitors 14 and 15 is controlled to a predetermined DC voltage V DC . On the other hand, the switch element 10 is turned on / off to operate as a step-down chopper whose input is the charging voltage of the capacitors 14 and 15 to charge the battery 2. AC power supply 1
When the voltage of abnormally drops or a power failure occurs and changes from a normal state to an abnormal state, the control circuit 17 detects it and immediately stops the operation of the switch element 10 as the step-down chopper, and inputs the battery voltage as an input. Capacitor 1
The switch element 11 is turned on / off to maintain the voltage of 4 and 15 at a predetermined DC voltage V DC , a current is passed through the reactor 7, and the operation is restarted as a boost chopper. At the same time, the operation of the switch elements 8 and 9 as a PWM converter is stopped, the relays a and c are opened, and the relays b and c are closed, and the AC input side is switched to the battery side. Also, after a predetermined time (for example, 20 mS in the case of one cycle of a sine wave of 50 Hz) considering the operation delay of the relay 3 and the like, the switch element 9 is turned on / off similarly to the switch element 11 to switch from the battery 2 to the reactor 6. A current is passed to restart the operation as a boost chopper.
【００２４】従って、バッテリー２によるバックアップ
運転はリアクトル６と７を介して電力が供給され、これ
により、バッテリー２の電圧が交流電源１の電圧より低
い場合にリアクトル６の定格電流を低減することが可能
となり、リアクトル６と７の全体のＬＩ2 も小さくする
ことが可能となる。Therefore, in the backup operation by the battery 2, electric power is supplied through the reactors 6 and 7, whereby the rated current of the reactor 6 can be reduced when the voltage of the battery 2 is lower than the voltage of the AC power supply 1. This makes it possible to reduce the LI 2 of the reactors 6 and 7 as a whole.
【００２５】例えば、１kVＡ級のＵＰＳ（ＡＣ 100Ｖ入
力、バッテリー48Ｖ：12Ｖ−４直列）の場合、従来のリ
アクトル６は、２mH−20Ａ程度のものが必要であるが、
本発明ではリアクトル６，７とも２mH−10Ａ程度でよ
く、ＬＩ2 で比較すると、従来は２mH×(20)2 ＝0.8 で
あるのに対し、本発明では２mH×(10)2 ×２個＝0.4 と
なり半分のＬＩ2 となる。For example, in the case of a 1 kVA class UPS (AC 100V input, battery 48V: 12V-4 series), the conventional reactor 6 needs to have about 2mH-20A.
In the present invention, both reactors 6 and 7 may be about 2 mH-10 A, and when compared with LI 2 , the conventional value is 2 mH × (20) 2 = 0.8, whereas in the present invention, 2 mH × (10) 2 × 2 = It is 0.4, which is half the LI 2 .
【００２６】交流電源１の電圧が異常な状態から正常な
状態に復帰すると制御回路17はスイッチ素子11の昇圧チ
ョッパとしての動作を継続した状態でスイッチ素子９の
昇圧チョッパとしての動作を停止させ、同時にリレー３
のｂ−ｃ間を開、ａ−ｃ間を閉としてバッテリー側から
交流入力側へ切り換え、リレー３の動作遅れ等を考慮し
た所定の時間後、スイッチ素子８，９をＰＷＭコンバー
タとして動作を再開させ、ＰＷＭコンバータとしての制
御が安定する所定の時間後、スイッチ素子11の昇圧チョ
ッパとしての動作を中止し、スイッチ素子10をオン・オ
フさせて降圧チョッパとして動作を再開させ、バッテリ
ー２を充電する制御を開始させる。When the voltage of the AC power supply 1 returns from the abnormal state to the normal state, the control circuit 17 stops the operation of the switch element 9 as the step-up chopper while continuing the operation of the switch element 11 as the step-up chopper, Relay 3 at the same time
Of b to c is opened and a to c is closed to switch from the battery side to the AC input side, and after a predetermined time considering the operation delay of the relay 3 etc., the switch elements 8 and 9 are restarted as a PWM converter. Then, after a predetermined time when the control as the PWM converter becomes stable, the operation of the switch element 11 as the step-up chopper is stopped, the switch element 10 is turned on / off to resume the operation as the step-down chopper, and the battery 2 is charged. Start control.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、交流入力電圧とバッテ
リー電圧の比が２：１である場合、リアクトル全体のＶ
Ａ（ＬＩ2 ）を半分とすることができ、大きさ、重量を
低減することができる。According to the present invention, when the ratio of the AC input voltage to the battery voltage is 2: 1, the V of the entire reactor is reduced.
A (LI 2 ) can be halved, and the size and weight can be reduced.
【００２８】また、停電時の切り換え時間をほとんど無
くすことができるため、コンデンサの容量を２／３〜１
／２程度に低減することができ、また、定格電圧の余裕
度を小さくすることができる。Further, since the switching time at the time of power failure can be almost eliminated, the capacity of the capacitor is reduced to 2/3 to 1
It can be reduced to about / 2, and the margin of the rated voltage can be reduced.
【００２９】また、通常は第２のブリッジ回路をバッテ
リー充電器として動作させることができるので、専用の
充電器が不要となる。また、第３のブリッジ回路から交
流電圧を出力することができ、交流−直流−交流の無停
電電源装置とすることができる。また、３つのブリッジ
回路を一体化した３相ブリッジのモジュールで構成する
ことができ、小形化した無停電電源装置を提供すること
ができる。Further, since the second bridge circuit can usually be operated as a battery charger, a dedicated charger is unnecessary. Further, an AC voltage can be output from the third bridge circuit, and the AC-DC-AC uninterruptible power supply device can be obtained. Further, it is possible to configure a three-phase bridge module in which three bridge circuits are integrated, and it is possible to provide a downsized uninterruptible power supply device.
【図１】本発明の無停電電源装置の一実施例の構成図。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of an uninterruptible power supply device of the present invention.
【図２】従来の無停電電源装置の構成図。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a conventional uninterruptible power supply device.
１…交流電源、２…バッテリー、３…リレー（切換スイ
ッチ）、４，５…変流器、６，７…リアクトル、８〜13
…ダイオードが逆並列接続されたスイッチ素子、14，15
…コンデンサ、16…フィルター、17…制御回路。1 ... AC power supply, 2 ... Battery, 3 ... Relay (changeover switch), 4, 5 ... Current transformer, 6, 7 ... Reactor, 8-13
... Switch elements with diodes connected in anti-parallel, 14, 15
… Capacitor, 16… Filter, 17… Control circuit.
Claims (7)
第２のスイッチ素子を直列接続して成るブリッジ回路
と、前記第１，第２のスイッチ素子の直列接続点をイン
ダクタンスを介して交流電源の一端及びバッテリーの一
端のいずれかに接続する切換スイッチと、前記ブリッジ
回路の両端に直列接続され、該直列接続点が前記交流電
源の他端に接続された第１，第２のコンデンサを備え、
前記バッテリーの他端が前記ブリッジ回路の一端に接続
された無停電電源装置において、ダイオードが逆並列に
接続された第３，第４のスイッチ素子を直列接続して前
記第１，第２のコンデンサの両端に接続すると共に、前
記第３，第４のスイッチ素子の直列接続点を第２のイン
ダクタンスを介して前記バッテリーの一端に接続する第
２のブリッジ回路を設けたことを特徴とする無停電電源
装置。1. A first and a first diode connected in antiparallel,
A bridge circuit formed by connecting second switch elements in series, and a changeover switch connecting a series connection point of the first and second switch elements to either one end of an AC power supply or one end of a battery via an inductance. And a first and a second capacitor connected in series to both ends of the bridge circuit, the series connection point being connected to the other end of the AC power supply,
In the uninterruptible power supply device in which the other end of the battery is connected to one end of the bridge circuit, the first and second capacitors are formed by serially connecting third and fourth switch elements in which diodes are connected in antiparallel. And a second bridge circuit that connects the series connection points of the third and fourth switching elements to one end of the battery via a second inductance, while being connected to both ends of the uninterruptible power supply. Power supply.
て、交流電源が正常の場合、前記切換スイッチを交流電
源側へ切り換えて、前記ブリッジ回路により交流電源か
ら所定の直流電圧を得、前記第２のブリッジ回路により
前記直流電圧を降圧して前記バッテリーを充電すること
を特徴とする無停電電源装置。2. The uninterruptible power supply device according to claim 1, wherein when the AC power supply is normal, the changeover switch is switched to the AC power supply side to obtain a predetermined DC voltage from the AC power supply by the bridge circuit, An uninterruptible power supply device characterized in that the DC voltage is reduced by a second bridge circuit to charge the battery.
て、交流電源が異常の場合、前記切換スイッチをバッテ
リー側に切り換えて、前記ブリッジ回路と前記第２のブ
リッジ回路を昇圧チョッパとして並列に動作させ、前記
バッテリーから所定の直流電圧を得ることを特徴とする
無停電電源装置。3. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein when the AC power supply is abnormal, the changeover switch is changed over to the battery side and the bridge circuit and the second bridge circuit are connected in parallel as a boost chopper. An uninterruptible power supply device which is operated to obtain a predetermined DC voltage from the battery.
て、交流電源が正常な状態から異常な状態へ変化したと
き、前記ブリッジ回路の動作を直ちに中止させると共に
前記第２のブリッジ回路を昇圧チョッパとして直ちに動
作を開始させ、前記切換スイッチを交流電源側からバッ
テリー側へ切り換えた後、前記ブリッジ回路を昇圧チョ
ッパとして動作させ、前記第２のブリッジ回路と並列に
運転することを特徴とする無停電電源装置。4. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein when the AC power supply changes from a normal state to an abnormal state, the operation of the bridge circuit is immediately stopped and the second bridge circuit is boosted. It is characterized in that the operation immediately starts as a chopper, and after the changeover switch is switched from the AC power source side to the battery side, the bridge circuit operates as a step-up chopper and operates in parallel with the second bridge circuit. Blackout power supply.
て、交流電源が異常な状態から正常な状態へ変化したと
き、前記第２のブリッジ回路の昇圧チョッパの動作を継
続したまま前記ブリッジ回路の昇圧チョッパとしての動
作を中止させ、前記切換スイッチをバッテリー側から交
流電源側へ切り換えた後、前記ブリッジ回路を交直変換
器として動作を開始させ、その後、前記第２のブリッジ
回路の昇圧チョッパとしての動作を中止することを特徴
とする無停電電源装置。5. The uninterruptible power supply device according to claim 1, wherein when the AC power supply changes from an abnormal state to a normal state, the bridge circuit is kept operating while the boost chopper of the second bridge circuit continues to operate. The operation as the step-up chopper is stopped, the changeover switch is switched from the battery side to the AC power source side, the bridge circuit is started as an AC / DC converter, and then the step-up chopper of the second bridge circuit is started. An uninterruptible power supply characterized by suspending the operation of.
て、ダイオードが逆並列に接続された第５，第６のスイ
ッチ素子を直列接続して前記第１，第２のコンデンサの
両端に接続し、前記第５，第６のスイッチ素子の直列接
続点と前記第１，第２のコンデンサの直列接続点との間
に交流電圧を出力する第３のブリッジ回路を設けたこと
を特徴とする無停電電源装置。6. The uninterruptible power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the fifth and sixth switch elements having diodes connected in anti-parallel are connected in series and connected to both ends of the first and second capacitors. However, a third bridge circuit that outputs an AC voltage is provided between the series connection point of the fifth and sixth switch elements and the series connection point of the first and second capacitors. Uninterruptible power system.
て、前記ブリッジ回路、前記第２のブリッジ回路、前記
第３のブリッジ回路を３相ブリッジ回路の１個のモジュ
ールで構成することを特徴とする無停電電源装置。7. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 6, wherein the bridge circuit, the second bridge circuit, and the third bridge circuit are configured by one module of a three-phase bridge circuit. And an uninterruptible power supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5256728A JPH07115773A (en) | 1993-10-14 | 1993-10-14 | Uninterruptible power system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5256728A JPH07115773A (en) | 1993-10-14 | 1993-10-14 | Uninterruptible power system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07115773A true JPH07115773A (en) | 1995-05-02 |
Family
ID=17296628
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5256728A Pending JPH07115773A (en) | 1993-10-14 | 1993-10-14 | Uninterruptible power system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07115773A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009131122A (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Uninterruptible power system |
| JP2010220443A (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Vehicle mounted multiphase converter |
| JP2010279117A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-09 | Sanken Electric Co Ltd | Three-phase power conversion device |
| JP2011004507A (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2011-01-06 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Multi-function converter for vehicles |
| WO2013016535A3 (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-07-25 | Schneider Electric It Corporation | Single-battery power topologies for online ups systems |
| JP2017011910A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Uninterruptible power system |
| US10044220B2 (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2018-08-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Uninterruptible power-supply system |
| EP3588758A1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-01 | Schneider Electric IT Corporation | Integrated dc to dc converter |
-
1993
- 1993-10-14 JP JP5256728A patent/JPH07115773A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009131122A (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Uninterruptible power system |
| JP2010220443A (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Vehicle mounted multiphase converter |
| US8384236B2 (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2013-02-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Vehicle mounted converter |
| JP2010279117A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-09 | Sanken Electric Co Ltd | Three-phase power conversion device |
| JP2011004507A (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2011-01-06 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Multi-function converter for vehicles |
| WO2013016535A3 (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-07-25 | Schneider Electric It Corporation | Single-battery power topologies for online ups systems |
| US9024476B2 (en) | 2011-07-28 | 2015-05-05 | Schneider Electric It Corporation | Single-battery power topologies for online UPS systems |
| AU2012286805B2 (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2016-10-20 | Schneider Electric It Corporation | Single-battery power topologies for online UPS systems |
| US10044220B2 (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2018-08-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Uninterruptible power-supply system |
| JP2017011910A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Uninterruptible power system |
| EP3588758A1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-01 | Schneider Electric IT Corporation | Integrated dc to dc converter |
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