JPH07165155A - Vessel equipped with hydrofoil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a vessel which is equipped with a hydrofoil and obtains the otimum rate between the lifts of a hull and the hydrofoil by controlling the elevation angle of the hydrofoil according to the variation of the weight of the hull and the change of the position of the center of gravity, and can be turned by an actuator habing a small capacity, and possesses the excellent impact absorbing faculty for an obstacle. CONSTITUTION:As for a vessel which is constituted so that a supporting pillar equipped with a hydrofoil 4 for generating a lifting power in the direction for floating up a hull during navigation is axially supported in a turnable manner in the longitudinal direction on a rotary shaft installed on a vessel bottom, and an actuator for supporting the supporting pillar in a positioning enabled form in the longitudinally turning direction is installed between the supporting pillar and the vessel bottom, the basic part of the hydrofoil 4 is axially supported in a turnable manner in the longitudinal direction on a supporting shaft installed on the supporting pillar 3, and the sebmersible wing 4 is installed in a contact/separation enabled form through an operating rod 9 and a pushing rod 11 on the actuator 22 for varying the elevation angle which is arranged inside the hull 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ship with hydrofoils, which is driven by a lift generated by a hull and a fully submerged hydrofoil provided at the bottom of the ship.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a technology relating to a hydrofoil-equipped ship that carries a lift by a hull and a fully submerged hydrofoil provided at the bottom of the ship to support the weight of the hull is known,
The hydrofoil is supported by a support rotatably supported in a front-rear direction by a rotation shaft provided on the bottom of the ship, and is positioned in the front-rear rotation direction by an actuator interposed between the support and the bottom of the ship. Was configured to be possible. When the watercraft with hydrofoils travels at high speed, stability of the longitudinal and lateral directions is maintained by the hull having a restoring force, and the weight of the hull is supported by the lift shared by the hull and hydrofoils.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, when the weight and the position of the center of gravity of the hull are changed depending on the number of passengers and the loading capacity such as cargo, the hull and hydrofoil are changed accordingly. Since the optimum share of lift changes, it is necessary to adjust the elevation angle of the hydrofoil so that the optimum share of lift between the hull and hydrofoil will be obtained according to changes in the weight and center of gravity of the hull. It was not possible to make fine adjustments to the elevation angle of the hydrofoil, and stable navigation was not possible.

Further, when a hydrofoil is provided on the bottom of the ship, it may cause a serious accident such as a personal injury when the hydrofoil collides with an obstacle such as the seabed or driftwood when sailing in shallow water, and is also landed. Since it will be a stride when it is mounted on the roof, it can be rotated backward including the prop so that the hydrofoil can be stored, and the position is maintained by overcoming the resistance of the hydrofoil and the prop. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the actuator for that purpose, which causes a problem that the shock absorbing capacity is lowered.

Therefore, the present invention controls the elevation angle of the hydrofoil according to changes in the weight and the position of the center of gravity of the hull so that the lift of the hull and hydrofoil has an optimal sharing ratio, and a small-capacity actuator is provided. It is an object of the present invention to construct a ship with hydrofoils that has hydrofoils that are rotatable and have a good impact absorbing ability against obstacles.

[0006]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a rotating shaft provided on the bottom of a ship with hydrofoils for generating lift in a direction in which a hull is levitated during traveling. In a ship in which an actuator for pivotally supporting a prop in a front-rear direction is supported and an actuator for supporting the prop in the front-rear turning direction is interposed between the prop and the ship bottom, the base of the hydrofoil is provided in the prop. Configured so as to be pivotally movable back and forth on a support shaft, and to be capable of contacting and separating from the hydrofoil pressing force urging means disposed inside the hull via an intermediate engaging cullet so as to be separable. Is.

The line of action of the resultant force of the lift force acting on the hydrofoil and the drag force acting on the hydrofoil and the strut is located in front of the pivot shaft of the strut provided at the bottom of the ship, and the hydrofoil is struted. The hydrofoil and the support are arranged so as to pass through the rear side of the support shaft that is pivotally supported on the actuator, and the support is supported by the actuator with a backward external force of a certain magnitude or less. In addition, only the support post is detachably engaged rearward in response to an external force exceeding a certain magnitude.

Further, means for detecting the sailing trim angle of the hull and means for calculating an average value of the values of the sailing trim angle detected by the means are provided, and the optimum sailing trim angle is determined. A storage means for storing is provided, the difference between the average value of the traveling trim angle and the optimum traveling trim angle is calculated, and a lift change value proportional to the difference is added to the lift target value to obtain a new lift target value, An actuator for changing and correcting the elevation angle of the hydrofoil according to the new lift target value is provided. Furthermore, in a ship in which the hull mass is shared and supported by both the hull and hydrofoil, the hydrofoil elevation angle is controlled so as to maintain the lift of the hydrofoil at a constant value.

[0009]

Next, the operation will be described. With the configuration according to the first aspect, the elevation angle of the hydrofoil can be adjusted via the hydrofoil pressing force biasing means (elevation angle changing actuator) when the hydrofoil-equipped ship is in flight. Further, according to the second aspect, the line of action of the resultant force of the lift and the drag of the hydrofoil (the line of lift force) passes in front of the pivot axis of the column, so that the lift of the hydrofoil is utilized. It is possible to fix the hydrofoil at the lowermost position, which is the operating state position, by causing the moment about the rotation axis to the hull to act in the direction of rotating the support column forward.

Further, according to the third aspect of the invention, the hydrofoil can be rotated forward and backward by the actuator through the strut to the lowermost position which is the operating state and the storage position, and the strut can be obstructed. When the collision occurs, the support pillar and the actuator are disengaged from each other and the support pillar is rotated rearward regardless of the capacity and the operating position of the actuator.
Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the elevation angle of the hydrofoil can be automatically adjusted so that the sailing trim angle has the minimum hull resistance, and the lift of the hull and hydrofoil is optimized. It can be set as a sharing ratio. Furthermore,
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the proportion of the hull mass and the hydrofoil when the hull mass is shared is kept constant, the posture of the hull is stabilized, and the sailing is performed by setting the optimum share ratio. The resistance can be minimized.

[0011]

EXAMPLES Next, examples of the present invention will be described. Figure 1
2 is a side view of the hydrofoil-equipped ship, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a portion of the hydrofoil 4 provided on the bottom 1a of the hull 1, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a lift control process of the hydrofoil 4.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a propulsion device A is arranged at the rear of the bottom 1a of a hull 1 of a hydrofoil-equipped ship.
Hydrofoils 4 are arranged in a portion on the center line of a substantially central portion which is a deep position of the ship bottom 1a. The hydrofoil 4 is composed of a wing-shaped member horizontally provided to generate lift.
A plate-like portion 6 protruding upward is provided upright in the center thereof, and a flat plate-shaped straightening plate 12 is provided in the middle of the plate-like portion 6.
A hydrofoil connecting portion 15 is formed on the upper end portion. The hydrofoil connecting portion 15 is rotatably supported in the front-rear direction by a hydrofoil mounting portion 8 formed at the lower end of the support column 3 via a horizontal blade mounting pin 7 serving as a pivot shaft. A column connecting portion 13 protruding rearward is formed at a rear portion of the upper end of the column 3,
The rear end of the strut connection portion 13 is rotatably supported in the front-rear direction by a strut mounting portion 14 vertically provided on the ship bottom 1a via a strut mounting pin 2 serving as a rotation shaft.

A lower end portion of an operating rod 9 for changing the elevation angle of the hydrofoil 4 is pivotally connected by a pin 10 to the upper rear end portion of the plate portion 6 of the hydrofoil 4, and the operating rod is used. The lower end of the push rod 11 is pivotally connected to the upper end of the pin 9 by a pin 10. The push rod 11 has a support column 3
It is mounted slidably in the vertical direction via slide bearings 20, 20 arranged in the upper and lower positions inside the rear end portion, and a return spring 21 is attached to the lower part of the push rod 11. The upper end is an elevation angle changing actuator 22 that is arranged on the bottom 1a of the ship and is vertically drivable when the support column 3 is at the lowermost position, which is the operating position of the hydrofoil 4.
It is configured to abut on the lower end of the (hydraulic cylinder), and its positioning can be adjusted via a setting bolt 23 provided at the front end of the upper end of the column 3.

The elevation angle changing actuator 22 is driven by pressure oil supplied by inhaling and pressurizing the hydraulic oil in the tank T arranged in the hull 1 with a hydraulic pump P,
The drive control is performed by adjusting the pressure of the pressure oil with the relief valve 24 operated by the signal from the controller C. That is, the force proportional to the pressure of the elevation angle changing actuator 22 and the force proportional to the lift of the hydrofoil 4 transmitted via the push rod 11 and the operating rod 9 provided in the support column 3 are balanced to automatically In addition, the elevation angle of the hydrofoil 4 can be changed and adjusted. Further, since the elevation angle changing actuator 22 is provided inside the hull 1 and is not affected by obstacles and the like, it is possible to improve durability and reliably control the elevation angle of the hydrofoil 4.

The line of action (lift line) U of the resultant force of the lift force and the drag force of the hydrofoil 4 passes in front of the position of the column mounting pin 2 and behind the position of the hydrofoil mounting pin 7. The relative position of the hydrofoil 4 is set as
When the lift force is generated, the force is used to cause the moment around the support column mounting pin 2 of the support column 3 on the hull 1 to act in the direction of rotating the support column 3 forward, so that the support column 3 is in the operating position. It is configured to lock in some bottom position.

The hydrofoil 4 is rotatably supported in the front-rear direction via a column 3, and a hydrofoil actuator (hydraulic cylinder) 5 is provided between the column 3 and the bottom 1a of the hydrofoil. Is installed. The base of the actuator 5 is axially supported by an actuator mounting portion 25 which is vertically provided on the ship bottom 1a, and the tip end thereof is projected to the side of a connecting member 16 whose base is pivotally supported by the strut mounting pin 2. It is axially supported by an actuator mounting portion 26 that is vertically provided on the lower surface of the protruding portion 16b.

The connecting member 16 is provided inside the strut connecting portion 13, and at its tip end, a locking portion 1 for locking a pin 19 which is erected inside the supporting rod connecting portion 13.
6a is formed, and a locking member 18, which is biased by a spring 17 and positioned on the upper surface of the tip of the protrusion 16b, is pivotally connected. A notch-shaped engaging portion 18a is formed on the engaging member 18, and the engaging portion 18a includes
It is engaged with a pin 19 which is installed inside the column connecting portion 13.

As described above, in the support column 3, the pin 19 is engaged with the engaging portion 16a of the connecting member 16 and the engaging portion 18a of the engaging member 18, whereby the hydrofoil actuator 5 is lifted.
At the lowest position, which is the operating state position, and at the storage position for moving the hydrofoil 4 upward to avoid contact with obstacles and the like for protection and to pivot forward, The pin 19 is locked to the locking portion 16a of the connecting member 16 and cannot be removed with respect to the rotation, and a force of a certain value or more is applied to the backward rotation regardless of the position of the actuator 5. When the pin 19 is applied from above, the pin 19 is configured to be disengaged from the notch-shaped engaging portion 18a of the engaging member 18 and rotatable.

Then, the bottom 1a of the hull 1 serves as a sliding surface for the bottom of the ship to generate lift, and the hydrofoil 4 is submerged in water to generate lift, and the lifts of both sides share the weight of the hull. , The hydrofoil-equipped ship is configured to travel, and the lift share ratio between the hull 1 and the hydrofoil 4 is optimized according to changes in the weight and the center of gravity of the hull 1 during the navigation. As described above, the inclination sensor S provided on the hull 1 detects the inclination angle of the hull in the front-rear direction, and operates the relief valve 24 via the controller C based on the detected value to the elevation angle changing actuator 22. The hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil is adjusted and controlled, and the lift of the hydrofoil 4 can be adjusted. Hereinafter, a control process for adjusting the elevation angle of the hydrofoil 4 to obtain an optimum lift will be described according to the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, the inclination sensor S provided on the hull 1 detects the longitudinal angle of the hull (hereinafter referred to as the "running trim angle") when the ship is sailing (step 1), and the running is carried out without the influence of waves. In order to detect the trim angle, the average value of the detected values of the traveling trim angle within a certain period of time (for example, about 5 to 10 seconds) is calculated to obtain the averaged traveling trim angle (step 2), and the average is calculated. The difference between the standardized sailing trim angle and the preset optimum sailing trim angle is calculated (step 3), and the lift is increased or decreased in proportion to the difference between the averaged sailing trim angle and the optimum sailing trim angle. The value is calculated (step 4).

Then, the lift target value is replaced with a value obtained by adding or subtracting the lift increase / decrease value from the lift target value up to the previous step, and whether the lift target value is within the range between the maximum lift value and the minimum lift value. Is determined (steps 5 and 6), and the lift target value is corrected if it exceeds the range between the maximum lift value and the minimum lift value (steps 7 and 8), and the lift target value is changed (step 9). . Then, the elevation angle of the hydrofoil 4 is adjusted according to the lift target value so that the sailing trim angle is such that the hull resistance is minimized. Also, after a lapse of a certain period of time, the average value of the sailing trim angle is viewed, and the lift value is changed again if the lift value needs to be changed.

The lift acting on the hydrofoil 4 is induced upward between the hydrofoil mounting pins 7 and 10.
The sharing support force of the pin 10 passes through the operating rod 9 and the push rod 11, and the actuator 2 for changing the elevation angle.
2 and the relief valve 24 for opening and adjusting the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump P so as to reach the pressure set by the command of the controller C causes the hydraulic pressure of the elevation angle changing actuator 22 to move the vertical position of the push rod 11. It is controlled to keep it constant.

[0023]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. That is, with the configuration according to claim 1, since the elevation angle of the hydrofoil can be adjusted via the hydrofoil pressing force urging means (elevation angle changing actuator) when the hydrofoil-equipped vessel is traveling. Depending on the changes in the weight and center of gravity of the hull, the lift share between the hull and hydrofoil can be optimized, the resistance on the hull can be minimized, and stable navigation is possible. be able to.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the hydrofoil lift can be utilized to fix the hydrofoil at the lowermost position, which is the operating state, so that the capacity of the column lifting actuator is increased. It is sufficient to generate a moment necessary to rotate the support column backward at the storage position of the hydrofoil, and the capacity can be reduced.

Further, according to the third aspect of the invention, when an obstacle or the like collides with the support, the support is disengaged from the support and the support is moved backward regardless of the capacity and the operating position of the actuator. Since it rotates, the degree of freedom in setting the shock absorbing capacity can be increased, and the shock absorbing capacity can be improved.

According to the present invention, the elevation angle of the hydrofoil can be automatically adjusted, and the running trim angle that minimizes the hull resistance can be obtained. Since the lift can be set to the optimum share, it is possible to prevent unstable sailing and to always perform stable sailing.

Further, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in a ship in which both the hull and the hydrofoil share and support the hull mass, the attitude of the hull is stable,
The running resistance can be minimized according to the setting of the lift share ratio between the hull and hydrofoil.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a ship with hydrofoils.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a portion of a hydrofoil 4 provided on the bottom 1a of the hull 1.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a lift control process of the hydrofoil 4.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Hull 2 Strut Mounting Pin 3 Strut 4 Hydrofoil 5 Hydrofoil Lifting Actuator 7 Hydrofoil Mounting Pin 9 Operation Rod 11 Push Rod 22 Elevation Change Actuator C Controller S Tilt Sensor

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A support shaft provided with hydrofoils for generating lift in a direction in which a hull is floated during traveling is rotatably supported in a front-rear direction on a rotary shaft provided on the bottom of the ship, and the support shaft and the bottom of the ship are supported. In a ship in which an actuator for supporting the support column so that it can be positioned in the front-back rotation direction is interposed, the base of the hydrofoil is pivotally supported by a support shaft provided on the support column so that the hydrofoil can be pivoted back and forth. A watercraft with hydrofoil, characterized in that it is configured to abut against the hydrofoil pressing force urging means arranged inside so as to be able to come into contact with and separate from it via an intermediate engaging culm. 2. The line of action of the resultant force of the lift force acting on the hydrofoil and the drag force acting on the hydrofoil and the column respectively is on the front side of the rotation axis of the column provided at the bottom of the ship, and the hydrofoil is the column. The hydrofoil-equipped ship according to claim 1, wherein the hydrofoil and the support are arranged so as to pass through a rear side of a support shaft that is pivotally supported on the ship. 3. The pillar is supported by the actuator with a rearward external force being equal to or less than a certain magnitude, and only the pillar is detachably engaged rearward in response to the external force exceeding the certain magnitude. The watercraft with hydrofoil according to claim 1 or 2, which is configured as described above. 4. A means for detecting a sailing trim angle of a hull, and a means for calculating an average value of values of the sailing trim angle detected by the means are calculated, and an optimum sailing trim angle is determined. A storage means for storing is provided, the difference between the average value of the traveling trim angle and the optimum traveling trim angle is calculated, and a lift change value proportional to the difference is added to the lift target value to obtain a new lift target value, A ship with hydrofoils characterized by having an actuator for changing and correcting the hydrofoil elevation angle according to the new lift target value. 5. A vessel in which both the hull and the hydrofoil share and support the hull mass, wherein the hydrofoil elevation angle is controlled so as to maintain the hydrofoil lift at a constant value. A ship with hydrofoils.