JPH0717034Y2 - Road surface infrared reflection type snow sensor - Google Patents
Road surface infrared reflection type snow sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0717034Y2 JPH0717034Y2 JP1990046241U JP4624190U JPH0717034Y2 JP H0717034 Y2 JPH0717034 Y2 JP H0717034Y2 JP 1990046241 U JP1990046241 U JP 1990046241U JP 4624190 U JP4624190 U JP 4624190U JP H0717034 Y2 JPH0717034 Y2 JP H0717034Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- road surface
- snow
- light receiver
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本考案は路面上の雪を効率的に融かすために、該路面の
積雪状態を検出するセンサーに関するものである。又道
路を走る車両の通行量をキャッチして、融雪装置の運転
をコントロールすることが出来るセンサーでもある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a sensor for detecting a snow accumulation state on a road surface in order to efficiently melt the snow on the road surface. It is also a sensor that can catch the traffic of vehicles running on the road and control the operation of the snow melting device.
（従来技術） 路面に積った雪を融かすには、地下水をポンプで汲み上
げて散水する方式が採用されてきている。そして、この
融雪装置の運転を開始するにはセンサーによって降雪を
キャッチし、該センサーからの信号を受けて行われてい
る。ところが、単に降雪があったとしてもその雪の性質
によっては路面に積雪を生じなかったり、逆に降雪が停
止した場合でも、なお路面上に積雪が残っていたりす
る。更に散水方式の融雪装置では、路面全域に均等に散
水することは出来ず、むらが生じることになるが、通行
する車両は路面の残雪を攪拌し、この攪拌作用による融
雪効果は非常に大きい。(Prior Art) In order to melt the snow accumulated on the road surface, a method of pumping groundwater and sprinkling it has been adopted. To start the operation of the snow melting device, a sensor catches snowfall and receives a signal from the sensor. However, even if there is snowfall, snowfall does not occur on the road surface depending on the nature of the snowfall, or conversely, even if snowfall stops, there is still snowfall on the road surface. Furthermore, with the water-sprinkling type snow melting device, water cannot be uniformly sprayed over the entire road surface, resulting in unevenness, but a passing vehicle stirs the remaining snow on the road surface, and the snow-melting effect of this stirring action is very large.
現実の融雪装置は上記のような車両の通行量は勿論のこ
と、路面上の積雪状態を知ることなしに散水するため、
必要以上の水を使用するケースが多く、そのため大量の
地下水を汲み上げるために渇水状態となったり、地盤沈
下を生じる等の問題がある。又逆に、積雪が在るにもか
かわらず降雪が停止すると同時に散水を停止してしまう
場合も発生する。In the actual snow melting device, not only the traffic volume of the vehicle as described above, but also watering without knowing the snow accumulation state on the road surface,
In many cases, more water than is needed is used, so there are problems such as drought and ground subsidence due to the pumping of a large amount of groundwater. On the other hand, in spite of the presence of snow, there may be cases where snowfall stops and watering stops at the same time.
（本考案の目的） このように、融雪装置に装備される従来のセンサーには
上記のごとき問題がある。本考案はこれら問題点の解決
を目的として開発した技術であって、路面の積雪量を適
切に検出し得るセンサーを提供する。又一方では、車両
の通行量も同時に検出して、これら車両による残雪の攪
拌状態を考慮の上で融雪装置の散水量を制御可能とする
センサーの提供を目的としている。(Object of the Invention) As described above, the conventional sensor provided in the snow melting device has the above-mentioned problems. The present invention is a technique developed for the purpose of solving these problems, and provides a sensor capable of appropriately detecting the amount of snow on the road surface. On the other hand, it is an object of the present invention to provide a sensor capable of detecting the traffic volume of vehicles at the same time and controlling the water spray volume of the snow melting device in consideration of the stirring state of the remaining snow by these vehicles.
（本考案の構成及び作用） したがって、本考案の積雪センサーは次の特徴をもって
構成されている。すなわち、本考案のセンサーは投光器
と受光器を有し、投光器は赤外光線を多量に含む間歇可
視光線を投射し、一方受光器はこの赤外光線を感知し、
そのために該受光器は赤外光線を受光することが出来る
位置に配置される。したがって、投光器と受光器は地面
に立てた法線を中心に、左右対称位置に互いに傾斜して
Ｖ形を成して配置されており、又受光器には補助光源を
有していて、深夜と日中での路面の総合反射光量が異な
る訳であるが、この変化にかかわらず受光器への入射光
量を常に一定化するために上記補助光源の明りをコント
ロールする。(Structure and operation of the present invention) Therefore, the snow accumulation sensor of the present invention is configured with the following features. That is, the sensor of the present invention has a light emitter and a light receiver, and the light emitter projects intermittent visible light containing a large amount of infrared rays, while the light receiver senses the infrared rays.
Therefore, the light receiver is arranged at a position capable of receiving infrared rays. Therefore, the light emitter and the light receiver are arranged in a V-shape inclined to each other at symmetrical positions with respect to the normal line standing on the ground, and the light receiver has an auxiliary light source, so that the light is received at midnight. The total amount of reflected light on the road surface during the daytime is different, but the brightness of the auxiliary light source is controlled in order to keep the amount of light incident on the light receiver constant regardless of this change.
ここで総光量の変化に対する補助光源の追従速度は低
く、投光器の間歇速度は上記補助光源の追従速度に比べ
て非常に高くなっている。したがって、投光器から投射
される間歇光は路面にて反射し、常時安定した路面反射
光として受光器が感知する訳であるが、上記路面に当っ
て反射する反射光は、その路面の状態によって反射率を
変化させるため、該路面が乾燥状態にあるか、濡れてい
るか、又は積雪があるかを把握出来る。上記受光器は路
面反射光の反射率を的確にキャッチするよう構成されて
いる。更に投光器からの投射光が車両の屋根に当って反
射すれば、反射面の高さが異なって受光位置に変化が生
じるため、車両の通行をも検出出来る。Here, the follow-up speed of the auxiliary light source with respect to the change of the total light quantity is low, and the intermittent speed of the projector is much higher than the follow-up speed of the auxiliary light source. Therefore, the intermittent light projected from the projector is reflected on the road surface and is always detected by the light receiver as stable road surface reflected light.However, the reflected light reflected on the road surface is reflected depending on the state of the road surface. Since the rate is changed, it can be grasped whether the road surface is dry, wet, or has snow. The light receiver is configured to accurately catch the reflectance of the road surface reflected light. Further, if the light projected from the projector hits the roof of the vehicle and is reflected, the height of the reflecting surface changes and the light receiving position changes, so that the passage of the vehicle can also be detected.
ここで、受光器とは反射率を検出する機能を有し、路面
の状態を知る訳であるが、単に反射率だけをもって積雪
の有無を判断する場合、間違いを生じる事態も考えられ
るため、上記センサーには気温感知器並びに水分感知器
を付随する。Here, the light receiver has a function of detecting the reflectance, and knows the condition of the road surface.However, if the presence or absence of snow is determined only by the reflectance, an error may occur. The sensor is accompanied by a temperature sensor and a moisture sensor.
更に受光器は一方向に自動的に移動出来るよう構成する
場合もある。すなわち、路面の積雪量が多くなった場
合、積雪面の高さは高くなって該積雪面からの反射光は
受光器に入ることは出来ないが、受光器を自動的に移動
させるようにすれば、常に反射光を受けることが出来
る。そして、この移動距離から積雪量を演算し、ひいて
は融雪装置の散水量をコントロールすることが可能とな
る。Further, the light receiver may be configured to be automatically movable in one direction. That is, when the amount of snow on the road surface becomes large, the height of the snow surface becomes high and the reflected light from the snow surface cannot enter the light receiver, but the light receiver can be automatically moved. Therefore, you can always receive reflected light. Then, it becomes possible to calculate the amount of snow covered from this moving distance and to control the amount of water sprayed by the snow melting device.
一方、融雪装置の無い路面においては、路面の積雪が車
両で踏み固められて徐々に高くなるが、このような場合
にも上記受光器を自動的に移動させれば反射光を常に受
けることが出来、該移動距離から路面の積雪量を演算
し、除雪機器の適切な稼動を実現出来る。On the other hand, on a road surface without a snow melting device, the snow on the road surface is gradually stiffened by the vehicle, and even in such a case, the reflected light can always be received if the light receiver is automatically moved. It is possible to calculate the amount of snow on the road surface from the moving distance, and to properly operate the snow removal equipment.
以下、本考案に係る実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明
する。Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
（実施例） 第１図は本考案のセンサーを表わす実施例であって、同
図において１は投光器、２は投光用レンズ、３は受光
器、４は補助光源、５は受光レンズをそれぞれ示してい
る。(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a sensor of the present invention, in which 1 is a light projector, 2 is a light projecting lens, 3 is a light receiver, 4 is an auxiliary light source, and 5 is a light receiving lens. Shows.
投光器１は筒状ケース９内に取着されて、該筒状ケース
９の内側にはヒーター６が設けられ、温度スイッチ７に
よって上限温度が設定される。すなわち、温度スイッチ
７によってケース９内温度が所定温度以上に上昇しない
ように制御される。又ケース９の上端には水分感知器８
が取着され、上記ヒーター６はケース９内温度を保持す
るとともに、ケース９の外表面に付着する雪を融かし、
更に水分感知器８に付着した雪も融かす。The floodlight 1 is mounted in a tubular case 9, a heater 6 is provided inside the tubular case 9, and an upper limit temperature is set by a temperature switch 7. That is, the temperature switch 7 controls the temperature inside the case 9 so as not to rise above a predetermined temperature. Also, a moisture sensor 8 is provided on the upper end of the case 9.
And the heater 6 maintains the temperature inside the case 9 and melts the snow adhering to the outer surface of the case 9,
Furthermore, the snow adhering to the moisture sensor 8 is also melted.
ところで、上記投光器１から投射される投射光10は投光
用レンズ２を通して路面12に当り、該路面12で反射した
路面反射光11は、受光レンズ５を通って受光器３へ入
る。そして上記投光器１から投射される光は、赤外線を
多量に含む約1200Hzの間歇可視光線であって、受光器３
は赤外線を感知する。By the way, the projection light 10 projected from the projector 1 hits the road surface 12 through the light projecting lens 2, and the road surface reflected light 11 reflected by the road surface 12 enters the light receiver 3 through the light receiving lens 5. The light projected from the projector 1 is an intermittent visible light of about 1200 Hz containing a large amount of infrared rays, and the light receiver 3
Senses infrared light.
一方、受光器３も同じくケース９内に取着され、該ケー
ス９の内側にはヒーター６並びに温度スイッチ７が設け
られていて、該ケース９内を所定温度に保持する。ケー
ス９上端には同じく水分感知器８が取着される。更に受
光器３側には補助光源４が用いられていて、該受光器３
へ入る入射光量を日夜を問わず一定化している。すなわ
ち、日中では強い太陽光線の影響により、投光器１から
投射されて路面にて反射し、受光器３へ入射する路面反
射光11を検出することが出来ない訳で、そのため日中で
は弱く、夜になれば上記太陽光線に相当する強力な光を
放つ補助光源４を使用し、投光器１の間歇反射光を常時
安定して受光器３が感知する。すなわち、投光器は赤外
線を多量に含む間歇可視光線を常時安定して発する構造
であるが、その間欠可視光線の反射光は路面の状態によ
って微妙に変化する。そして、受光器はその反射光の微
妙に変化する状態を忠実に受光する必要がある。しか
し、路面に照射する光は投光器の間欠光線に加え、上記
太陽の直射をはじめ、街灯の光などの様々な外部光が含
まれている訳で、受光器はこれら太陽光線や街灯等の反
射光に混じる間歇光の微妙な変化を忠実に分離して、路
面の反射状態を検知しなければならない。通常の受光器
は、それに入射する光の総合量の変化によって、電気的
な動作点が変化してしまい、その結果、間歇光の微妙な
変化を忠実に分離することが出来ない。On the other hand, the light receiver 3 is also attached to the inside of the case 9, and a heater 6 and a temperature switch 7 are provided inside the case 9 to keep the inside of the case 9 at a predetermined temperature. The moisture sensor 8 is also attached to the upper end of the case 9. Further, the auxiliary light source 4 is used on the side of the light receiver 3 and
The amount of incident light entering is constant, day and night. That is, during the daytime, due to the influence of strong sun rays, the road surface reflected light 11 which is projected from the projector 1 and reflected on the road surface and incident on the light receiver 3 cannot be detected. At night, the auxiliary light source 4 which emits a strong light corresponding to the above-mentioned sun rays is used, and the intermittent reflected light of the light projector 1 is always stably detected by the light receiver 3. That is, the floodlight has a structure that constantly emits intermittent visible light containing a large amount of infrared rays, but the reflected light of the intermittent visible light slightly changes depending on the condition of the road surface. Then, the light receiver needs to faithfully receive the slightly changed state of the reflected light. However, in addition to the intermittent rays of light from the projector, the light that illuminates the road surface also includes various external light such as the direct light of the sun and the light of street lights. It is necessary to faithfully separate the subtle changes in the light that mixes with the light to detect the reflection state of the road surface. In an ordinary photodetector, the electrical operating point changes due to the change in the total amount of light incident on it, and as a result, it is not possible to faithfully separate the slight changes in intermittent light.
そこで上記補助光源は、受光器に入射する太陽の反射光
や、街灯等の反射光を含むを総合光量の変化を常に補正
して、常時受光器に入射する総光量を一定化する制御を
行い、受光器の電気的な安定を保つことで、昼夜を問わ
ず常に安定して投光器が照射する間歇光が、路面の状態
変化による反射の微妙な変化を忠実に分離することを可
能としている。Therefore, the auxiliary light source always corrects the change of the total light amount including the reflected light of the sun incident on the light receiver and the reflected light of the street light etc., and performs the control to constantly keep the total light amount incident on the light receiver. By maintaining the electrical stability of the light receiver, it is possible to faithfully separate the subtle changes in the reflection due to the change in the road surface state, while the light is constantly radiated by the light projector in a stable manner day and night.
又受光器３側のケース９には、最高に明るい場合でも上
記受光器３が機能することが出来るように、手動にて操
作する絞り15が取着され、更に受光レンズ５の前方には
赤外線通過フィルター16を設けている。そしてこのよう
に構成した投光器１と受光器３を内蔵している両ケース
９、９は、路面上の法線を中心として左右対称なる位置
に装着され、しかもＶ形に傾斜していて、投射光10と路
面反射光11の交差角θ１は適当な大きさとなっている。
したがって、反射光が路面12ではなく、同図に示すよう
な車両14の屋根に当った反射光11′であるならば、両光
線10、11′間の交差角θ２は変化し、その結果、該反射
光11′は受光器３へは入射することが出来ない。In addition, a manually operated diaphragm 15 is attached to the case 9 on the side of the light receiver 3 so that the light receiver 3 can function even when the light is extremely bright. A pass filter 16 is provided. The cases 9 and 9 containing the projector 1 and the receiver 3 configured as described above are mounted at positions symmetrical with respect to the normal line on the road surface, and are inclined in a V shape to project. The intersection angle θ 1 between the light 10 and the road surface reflected light 11 has an appropriate magnitude.
Therefore, if the reflected light is not the road surface 12 but the reflected light 11 'that hits the roof of the vehicle 14 as shown in the figure, the intersection angle θ 2 between the two light rays 10, 11' will change, and as a result The reflected light 11 'cannot enter the light receiver 3.
前以て設置した投射光10と路面反射光11の交差角θ１を
小さくするならば、車両14の屋根に当って反射した反射
光11′との間に生じる交差角θ２と大きな差異がないた
め、反射光11′も受光器３へ入射してしまうこともあ
る。If the intersection angle θ 1 between the projection light 10 and the road surface reflection light 11 installed in advance is made small, there is a large difference from the intersection angle θ 2 generated between the reflection light 11 ′ reflected by hitting the roof of the vehicle 14. Since it does not exist, the reflected light 11 'may also enter the light receiver 3.
本考案は目的の欄にて述べた通り、車両通行量をもカウ
ントすることが出来るセンサーであって、車両14の屋根
にて投射光10が反射することで、その反射面が高くな
り、その結果投射光10と反射光11′の交差角が変化して
受光器３へ入射出来ず、入射しなかったことによってカ
ットされた間歇反射光のパルス数をカウントすること
で、車両14の通行量を知り得る。又本考案のセンサーに
は外気温を知るための気温感知器13が、ケース９の外部
に設けられている。The present invention is a sensor that can also count the amount of vehicle traffic as described in the section of the purpose, and when the projection light 10 is reflected by the roof of the vehicle 14, its reflection surface becomes high, As a result, the crossing angle between the projected light 10 and the reflected light 11 'has changed and the light cannot be incident on the light receiver 3. By counting the number of pulses of the intermittent reflected light that was cut due to the fact that the light did not enter, the traffic volume of the vehicle 14 is counted. Get to know Further, the sensor of the present invention is provided with an air temperature sensor 13 for detecting the outside air temperature outside the case 9.
ところで、このセンサーの作用を説明するに、投光器１
からは約1200Hzの間歇投射光10が投射され、投光用レン
ズ２を通して路面12に当る。上記間歇投射光10は、周囲
に小さい孔を等間隔で貫通した円盤を高速回転させた状
態にて連続光を上記孔に投射することで容易に得られ、
これは従来から用いられている方法である。このように
投射された投射光10は路面12にて反射する訳であるが、
該路面12の状態によってその反射率は異なる。すなわ
ち、路面12に積雪が生じて白くなるならば、必然的にそ
の反射率は高くなり、より多くの光を反射させる。受光
器３はこの路面反射光11を受けて、その反射率をもって
路面状態を知り、融雪装置へ信号を送る。By the way, to explain the operation of this sensor, the projector 1
From this, the intermittent projection light 10 is projected for about 1200 Hz, and strikes the road surface 12 through the projection lens 2. The intermittent projection light 10 is easily obtained by projecting continuous light into the hole in a state in which a disk that penetrates a small hole in the periphery at equal intervals is rotated at high speed,
This is the method used conventionally. The projected light 10 thus projected is reflected on the road surface 12,
The reflectance differs depending on the condition of the road surface 12. That is, if snow is generated on the road surface 12 and becomes white, its reflectance inevitably becomes high, and more light is reflected. The light receiver 3 receives the road surface reflected light 11, knows the road surface state from the reflectance, and sends a signal to the snow melting device.
この場合先にも述べたように、受光器３側には補助光源
３が設けられていて、弱い路面反射光11であっても、常
時安定した検出が行い得るように総合入射光量を一定化
している。受光器３に入った路面反射光11の反射率が高
くて、路面12に積雪があると判断された場合には、融雪
装置（図示なし）が作動して散水を開始し、雪が無くな
れば必然的に路面12の状態は変化して、その反射率は低
下するため、融雪装置の作動は停止する。In this case, as described above, the auxiliary light source 3 is provided on the light receiver 3 side, and the total incident light amount is made constant so that stable detection can be always performed even with weak road surface reflected light 11. ing. When the reflectance of the road surface reflected light 11 entering the light receiver 3 is high and it is determined that there is snow on the road surface 12, a snow melting device (not shown) is activated to start watering, and it is inevitable if there is no snow. Since the condition of the road surface 12 is changed and the reflectance thereof is lowered, the operation of the snow melting device is stopped.
融雪装置から散水される水によって雪は融かされる訳で
あるが、路面12を走行する車両14は散水された水と雪を
互いに攪拌し、この攪拌作用は融雪効果に大きく寄与す
る。したがって、本考案のセンサーは前述したように、
車両14の通行量をカウントし、その通行量を考慮した上
で必要とされる水量を散水するよう融雪装置をコントロ
ールしている。Although the snow is melted by the water sprinkled from the snow melting device, the vehicle 14 traveling on the road 12 stirs the sprinkled water and the snow with each other, and this stirring action greatly contributes to the snow melting effect. Therefore, the sensor of the present invention, as described above,
The snow melting device is controlled to count the traffic of the vehicle 14 and to spray the required amount of water after considering the traffic.
一方、該実施例に示すセンサーにはヒーター６や温度ス
イッチ７をケース９内に設け、ケース内温度を一定に保
持すると同時に、上記ヒーター６によってケース９の外
表面に付着する雪を融かし、又ケース９上端に取着され
ている水分感知器８に付着した雪も融かすことが出来
る。そして、該センサーは上記水分感知器８と気温感知
器13によって降雪条件を前以て知り、単に路面反射光11
の反射率のみをもって、路面積雪状態を判断しない。す
なわち、雪が降るためには第１条件として気温が低く、
更に湿度が高くなることが必要であって、上記気温感知
器13を５℃に設定し、この温度より低くなり、かつ水分
感知器８が雪の水分を検出し、更に路面反射光11の反射
率を加えて総合的に判断した上で、路面に積雪があると
判断する。On the other hand, in the sensor shown in the embodiment, a heater 6 and a temperature switch 7 are provided in the case 9 to keep the temperature inside the case constant, and at the same time, the heater 6 melts snow adhering to the outer surface of the case 9. Also, the snow adhering to the moisture sensor 8 attached to the upper end of the case 9 can be melted. Then, the sensor knows the snowfall condition in advance by means of the moisture sensor 8 and the temperature sensor 13, and simply detects the road surface reflected light 11
The road area snow condition is not judged based on the reflectance of only. In other words, the temperature is low as the first condition for snow to fall,
It is necessary to increase the humidity further, the temperature sensor 13 is set to 5 ° C., and the temperature is lower than this temperature, and the moisture sensor 8 detects the moisture in the snow, and the road surface reflected light 11 is reflected. It is judged that there is snow on the road surface after making a comprehensive judgment by adding the rate.
第１図に示すセンサーは、路面反射光の反射率をもって
積雪状態を知ることが出来る訳であるが、積雪量を知る
ことは出来ない。勿論、1m以上の積雪となれば、反射位
置が車両14の屋根に当って反射するごとく高くなって受
光器３へ入ることが出来なくなるため、その判断は出来
るが、10cmないし30cm程度の積雪量を判断して融雪装置
からの散水量をコントロールすることも必要となる。本
考案のセンサーを用いることで、路面に僅かの積雪が生
じても融雪装置が作動し、それ以上の積雪が生じないよ
うにするのが目的であるが、時には散水量以上の降雪が
発生した場合には、多くの積雪となったり、又融雪装置
の故障等によって一時的に運転が出来なかった結果、多
くの積雪になるケースも考えられる。したがって、この
ような積雪量を検出するために、受光器３を自動的に移
動させ、その移動距離により積雪量を知ることが出来
る。The sensor shown in FIG. 1 can know the snow cover state from the reflectance of the road surface reflected light, but cannot know the snow cover amount. Of course, if there is more than 1 m of snow, the reflection position will hit the roof of the vehicle 14 and will become so high that it will not be possible to enter the light receiver 3. Therefore, the judgment can be made, but the amount of snow of about 10 cm to 30 cm It is also necessary to control the amount of water sprinkled from the snow melting device based on the judgment. By using the sensor of the present invention, the purpose is to operate the snow melting device even if a little snowfall occurs on the road surface so that no more snowfall occurs, but sometimes more snowfall than the sprinkling amount occurred. In this case, it may be possible that a large amount of snow is accumulated or a large amount of snow is accumulated as a result of being temporarily unable to operate due to a malfunction of the snow melting device. Therefore, in order to detect such an amount of snow, the light receiver 3 is automatically moved, and the amount of snow can be known from the moving distance.
第２図は路面12に深さＨの積雪が生じた場合の反射光11
aを示したもので、この反射光11aは車両14の屋根に当る
場合とは異なり、路面12にほぼ平行と考えるならば、反
射光11aも又路面反射光11と平行となる。したがつて、
積雪面17からの反射光11aを受光器３によって感知する
ためには、該受光器３を距離Ｌだけ移動させることが必
要となる。そこで、該移動距離Ｌと積雪深さＨの関係は
Ｈ＝L/sinθ１×cos1/2θ１となり、その積雪深さＨを
知ることは可能である。勿論、受光器３の移動手段は色
々考えられ得るが、ネジ機構を利用し、該ネジの回転数
をパルスモータで検出しながら送るならば、容易にその
移動距離Ｌを求めることは出来る。Fig. 2 shows the reflected light 11 when a depth H of snow is generated on the road surface 11.
Unlike the case where the reflected light 11a hits the roof of the vehicle 14, the reflected light 11a is also parallel to the road surface reflected light 11 when it is considered to be substantially parallel to the road surface 12. Therefore,
In order to detect the reflected light 11a from the snow-covered surface 17 by the light receiver 3, it is necessary to move the light receiver 3 by the distance L. Therefore, the relationship between the moving distance L and the snow depth H is H = L / sin θ 1 × cos 1/2 θ 1 , and the snow depth H can be known. Of course, various moving means of the light receiver 3 can be considered, but if a screw mechanism is used and the rotation speed of the screw is detected and sent by a pulse motor, the moving distance L can be easily obtained.
第２図は受光器３のみ移動した場合を示しているが、実
際には本体ケース９とともに移動するように構成され
る。Although FIG. 2 shows the case where only the light receiver 3 is moved, it is actually configured to move together with the main body case 9.
以上述べたように、本考案の積雪センサーは投光器と受
光器をそれぞれ別々に対称をなして配置し、受光器側に
は補助光源を設け、投光器から投射される間歇投射光を
路面にて反射させ、その反射率にて路面の積雪状態を判
断するもので、次のような効果を得ることが出来る。As described above, in the snow sensor of the present invention, the light emitter and the light receiver are separately arranged symmetrically, the auxiliary light source is provided on the light receiver side, and the intermittent projection light projected from the light projector is reflected on the road surface. The snowfall condition of the road surface is judged based on the reflectance, and the following effects can be obtained.
（効果） （１）本考案のセンサーは路面の積雪状態を検出してそ
の信号を融雪装置へ送り、該融雪装置を直ちに作動させ
ることが出来るため、路面に多くの積雪を生じることな
く融雪出来る。又雪が融かされたならば路面状態は変化
してその反射率は低下するため、融雪装置の作動は停止
するよう制御され、無駄な散水を行うことがない。すな
わち、最も効率的な融雪が出来る。(Effect) (1) Since the sensor of the present invention can detect the snow accumulation state of the road surface and send the signal to the snow melting device and immediately operate the snow melting device, the snow can be melted without causing much snow accumulation on the road surface. . If the snow is melted, the road surface condition is changed and the reflectance thereof is lowered. Therefore, the operation of the snow melting device is controlled to be stopped, and unnecessary water sprinkling is not performed. That is, the most efficient snow melting is possible.
（２）又本考案のセンサーは単に積雪状態を検出するの
みならず、路面を走行する車両を感知し、車両通行量を
カウントして融雪装置に信号を送り、散水量をコントロ
ールして必要最小限の水量にて融雪する。(2) In addition, the sensor of the present invention not only detects the snow cover state, but also detects the vehicle traveling on the road surface, counts the traffic volume of the vehicle and sends a signal to the snow-melting device to control the amount of water spray to the minimum required. It melts snow with a limited amount of water.
（３）更に、該センサーに気温感知器や水分感知器を備
えることで、単に路面反射光の反射率のみをもって積雪
状態を判断せず、これら感知器によって外気温と水分を
検出することが出来、融雪装置の作動をより安定して行
い得る。(3) Furthermore, by equipping the sensor with an air temperature sensor and a moisture sensor, it is possible to detect the outside air temperature and moisture by these sensors without judging the snow cover state only by the reflectance of the road surface reflected light. The operation of the snow melting device can be performed more stably.
（４）一方、本考案のセンサーの受光器を反射光の入射
位置に応じて自動的に移動させるならば、この移動距離
から路面に積雪した積雪量を知ることも出来る。(4) On the other hand, if the light receiver of the sensor of the present invention is automatically moved according to the incident position of reflected light, the amount of snow accumulated on the road surface can be known from this moving distance.
第１図は本考案の積雪センサーの実施例を、第２図は深
さＨを有す積雪面からの反射光を受光する場合をそれぞ
れ示している。 １……投光器、２……投光用レンズ、３……受光器、４
……補助光源、５……受光レンズ、６……ヒータ、７…
…温度スイッチ、８……水分感知器、９……ケース、10
……投射光、11……路面反射光、11′,11a……反射光、
12……路面、13……気温感知器、14……車両、15……絞
り、16……赤外線通過フィルター、17……積雪面。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the snow sensor of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a case where the reflected light from a snow surface having a depth H is received. 1 ... Projector, 2 ... Projector lens, 3 ... Receiver, 4
…… Auxiliary light source, 5 …… Receiving lens, 6 …… Heater, 7 ・ ・ ・
… Temperature switch, 8 …… Moisture sensor, 9 …… Case, 10
...... Projected light, 11 …… Road surface reflected light, 11 ′, 11a …… Reflected light,
12 …… Road surface, 13 …… Temperature sensor, 14 …… Vehicle, 15 …… Aperture, 16 …… Infrared filter, 17 …… Snow cover.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭57−139681（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭53−34582（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 昭46−41055（ＪＰ，Ｂ１) 実公 昭47−7039（ＪＰ，Ｙ１) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-57-139681 (JP, A) JP-A-53-34582 (JP, A) JP-B-46-41055 (JP, B1) JP-B-47- 7039 (JP, Y1)
Claims (4)
し、しかも路面の法線を中心として互いに対称なる位置
にＶ形を成して配置して上記投光器からは間歇投射光を
投射し、該投射光が路面に当って反射する路面反射光を
上記受光器が受け、該受光器は路面反射光の反射率を検
出する機能を有し、更に受光器側には該受光器に直接入
射する補助光源を備えたことを特徴とする路面赤外線反
射式積雪センサー。1. A light emitter and a light receiver are tilted and attached separately, and are arranged in a V-shape at positions symmetrical to each other with respect to a normal to a road surface, and intermittent projection light is projected from the light emitter. Then, the light receiver receives road surface reflected light that the projected light hits and reflects on the road surface, and the light receiver has a function of detecting the reflectance of the road surface reflected light. Road surface infrared reflective snow cover sensor equipped with an auxiliary light source for direct incidence.
納めて該ケース内にはヒーターと温度スイッチを設け、
更にケース外には水分感知器、及び気温感知器を備えた
実用新案登録請求の範囲第１項記載の路面赤外線反射式
積雪センサー。2. The projector and the light receiver are housed in respective cases, and a heater and a temperature switch are provided in the cases,
Furthermore, the road surface infrared reflective snow cover sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a moisture sensor and an air temperature sensor outside the case.
過フィルターを備えた実用新案登録請求の範囲第１項、
又は第２項記載の路面赤外線反射式積雪センサー。3. A utility model registration claim comprising a manual diaphragm and an infrared ray passing filter on the side of the light receiver.
Alternatively, the road surface infrared reflective snow cover sensor according to the second item.
積雪面からの反射光を受けるために積雪深さに応じて自
動的に移動可能とした実用新案登録請求の範囲第１項、
第２項、又は第３項記載の路面赤外線反射式積雪センサ
ー。4. The light receiver is attached so as to be movable in one direction,
Claim 1 of the utility model which is automatically movable according to the depth of snow to receive the reflected light from the snow surface.
The road surface infrared reflective snow cover sensor according to item 2 or item 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1990046241U JPH0717034Y2 (en) | 1990-04-28 | 1990-04-28 | Road surface infrared reflection type snow sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1990046241U JPH0717034Y2 (en) | 1990-04-28 | 1990-04-28 | Road surface infrared reflection type snow sensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH047384U JPH047384U (en) | 1992-01-23 |
| JPH0717034Y2 true JPH0717034Y2 (en) | 1995-04-19 |
Family
ID=31561151
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1990046241U Expired - Lifetime JPH0717034Y2 (en) | 1990-04-28 | 1990-04-28 | Road surface infrared reflection type snow sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0717034Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5791210B1 (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2015-10-07 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | Passenger conveyor |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5142499Y2 (en) * | 1971-02-13 | 1976-10-15 | ||
| JPS5334582A (en) * | 1976-09-10 | 1978-03-31 | Toyo Denki Kk | Snow gauge |
| JPS57139681A (en) * | 1981-02-24 | 1982-08-28 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Discriminating device for state of road surface |
-
1990
- 1990-04-28 JP JP1990046241U patent/JPH0717034Y2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH047384U (en) | 1992-01-23 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |