JPH0718332B2 - Device for separating dust from engine exhaust gas - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device for separating dust from exhaust gas of an engine.

Hereinafter, the invention described in claim 1 is referred to as “first invention” and claim 2
The invention described in (2) is referred to as "second invention".

[Basic Structure] The basic structure of the device for separating dust from the exhaust gas of an engine, which is the premise of the first invention, is as follows.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 4, “the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 is provided at the center of the starting end side S in the tubular body 1.
The exhaust gas outlet pipe 3 is communicated with the central portion of the end side E, and the swirl guide plate 5 and the annular swirl start chamber for the exhaust gas 4 are sequentially arranged from the central portion of the start end side S in the tubular main body 1 toward the peripheral portion. 6 is provided, the dust collecting chamber 7 is provided around the terminal end side E in the cylindrical main body 1, and the soot dust inlet 9 is opened at the starting end face 8 of the dust collecting chamber 7. "

That is, as shown in FIG. 1 (B) or FIG. 4 (B), this type of dust separation apparatus swirls the exhaust gas 4 flowing from the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 by means of the swirl guide plate 5. A swirl flow 23 is formed in the start chamber 6, and the swirl passage 30 in the cylindrical main body 1 is repeatedly swirled to move toward the end side E, and the centrifugal force generated by swirling causes the components of the exhaust gas 4 to flow. Among them, the high specific gravity soot dust 21 is separated into the swirl passage 30 peripheral side, and the low specific gravity gas component 22 is separated into the center side, soot dust 21 is provided in the dust collection chamber 7, and gas component 22 is provided in the exhaust gas outlet pipe 3, respectively. It was made to flow in.

[Prior Art] In the above basic structure, the shape of the swivel guide plate 5 is conventionally formed so as to be parallel to the axis 12 of the cylindrical main body 1, as shown in FIG. 4 (B).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the above-mentioned conventional technology, there is a problem that the separation performance of soot and dust is low.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), in the swirl guide plate 5 formed so as to be parallel to the axis 12 of the tubular body 1, the exhaust gas 4 from the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 is fed into the tubular body 1. Since there is only a function of guiding the exhaust gas 4 in the circumferential direction, the pitch of the swirling flow 23 of the exhaust gas 4 becomes small, and the number of swirling times to reach the dust collecting chamber 7 unnecessarily increases.

For this reason, the swirling velocity of the swirling flow 23 decreases in the middle of the swirling passage 30, and the soot dust 21 once separated is remixed in the gas component 22 due to the reduction of the centrifugal force in the vicinity of the dust collecting chamber 7. The separation performance of is low.

An object of the present invention is to improve the separation performance of soot and dust.

[Means for Solving the Problem] (First Invention) In order to solve the above problems, the first invention is characterized in that in the basic structure, the turning guide plate 5 is formed as follows.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), "the shape of the swivel guide plate 5 is formed into an inclined shape in which the distance from the axial center 12 of the tubular main body 1 gradually increases as the starting end 10 approaches the terminal end 11. It was formed.

(Second invention) As shown in FIG. 1 (B), for example, in the second invention, in the above first invention, "the swirl flow guide cylinder 14 is directed from the end plate 13 of the swirl guide plate 5 toward the end side E. The dust separation chamber 16 is protruded from the inner peripheral portion 15 of the start end of the dust collection chamber 7 toward the start end side S, and the end edge 17 of the swirl flow guide cylinder 14 is started at the start end edge of the dust separation cylinder 16.
It is located at a position 19 near 18 or a position 20 closer to the terminal end E than this.

[Operation] (First Invention) The first invention operates as follows.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), the inclined swirl guide plate 5 guides the exhaust gas 4 flowing from the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 in the circumferential direction of the tubular body 1, and The swirling flow 23 of the exhaust gas 4 has a large pitch and has a small number of swirling times to reach the dust collecting chamber 7 because it also has a function of deflecting to the terminal end side E.

Therefore, the swirling speed of the swirling flow 23 is maintained at a high speed until reaching the dust collecting chamber 7, and the centrifugal force is kept large, so that the once separated soot dust 21 is prevented from being re-mixed into the gas component 22,
The separation performance of the dust 21 is improved.

(2nd invention) In addition to the effect | action of the said 1st invention, a 2nd invention acts as follows.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), the passage cross-sectional area of the swirl passage 30 from the swirl start chamber 6 to the dust collection chamber 7 is:
Since it is narrowed by the swirling flow guide cylinder 14, the swirling flow 23 has a high speed, which can generate a large centrifugal force and further enhance the separation performance of the soot dust 21.

The soot dust 21 that collects on the peripheral side of the swirl passage 30 and the gas component 22 that collects on the center side are separated by the soot dust separating cylinder 16, so that the soot dust 21 that has once been separated is taken into the exhaust gas outlet pipe 3 by the gas component 22. It can be prevented and the separation performance of soot and dust is further enhanced.

[Effects] (First Invention) The first invention has the following effects.

The separation performance of soot and dust is improved.

The swirling flow of exhaust gas has a large pitch, and the number of times of swirling to reach the dust collecting chamber does not unnecessarily increase, which allows the swirling speed of the swirling flow to be maintained at a high speed until reaching the dust collecting chamber, and the centrifugal force Is maintained as it is, the re-mixing of the once separated soot dust into the gas component is prevented, and the soot dust separation performance is improved.

It can be implemented easily and inexpensively.

Since it is only necessary to change the shape of the swivel guide plate, it can be implemented easily and inexpensively.

(Second Invention) The second invention has the following effects in addition to the effects of the first invention.

The dust separation performance is further enhanced.

Since the passage cross-sectional area of the swirl passage is narrowed by the swirl flow guide tube, the swirl flow velocity becomes high, and thereby a large centrifugal force can be generated.

Since the soot dust collected on the peripheral side of the swirl passage and the gas component collected on the center side are separated by the soot dust separating cylinder, it is possible to prevent the once separated soot dust from being taken into the exhaust gas outlet pipe by the gas component.

Therefore, the separation performance of soot and dust is further enhanced.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 24 indicates a dust separator,
The soot / dust separator 24 is interposed in the exhaust path of the engine to separate the exhaust gas 4 into soot / dust 21 and gas component 22.
To collect in the dust collection chamber 7.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and (B), this dust separation device
In the tubular body 1, the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 is connected to the center of the starting end side S and the exhaust gas outlet pipe 3 is connected to the center of the end end E.

A swirl guide plate 5 and an annular swirl start chamber 6 for the exhaust gas 4 are provided on the starting end side S in the cylindrical main body 1 in this order from the central portion toward the peripheral portion. The chamber 6 is specifically configured as follows.

That is, the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 is inserted into the central portion of the starting end side S in the cylindrical main body 1, and a plurality of exhaust gas outlets 25 which are longitudinal in the axial direction are formed on the peripheral wall of the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2. Figure (C)
As shown in, the curved swirl guide plate 5 for guiding the exhaust gas 4 flowing out from the exhaust gas outlet 25 in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical main body 1 is faced to the exhaust outlet 25 and the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 Exhaust gas 4 attached to the outer peripheral wall and guided by the swivel guide plate 5
The space around the swirl guide plate 5 into which the air flows is used as the swirl start chamber 6 as it is.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), a dust collecting chamber 7 is provided around the terminal end side E in the cylindrical main body 1, and a dust inlet 9 is provided on a starting end face 8 of the dust collecting chamber 7. The dust collection chamber 7 and the soot dust inlet 9 are specifically configured as follows.

That is, the exhaust gas outlet pipe 3 is inserted into the central portion of the end side E in the cylindrical main body 1, and a cylindrical dust collecting chamber peripheral wall 26 and an annular dust collecting chamber starting end wall 27 formed on the outer periphery of the exhaust gas outlet pipe 3 form a cylinder. An annular dust collecting chamber 7 is formed in a corner portion on the terminal end side E in the main body 1, and a dust inlet 9 is opened in an upper portion of the dust collecting chamber starting end wall 27.

A soot dust outlet 28 is opened in the lower part of the outer peripheral side surface of the dust collecting chamber 7, and the soot dust outlet 28 can be opened and closed by a plug 29. However, even if this soot dust outlet 28 is communicated with a soot dust processing device (not shown) Good.

As is clear from the above configuration, this dust separation device 24
As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the swirl guide plate 5 guides the exhaust gas 4 flowing in from the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 to form the swirl flow 23 in the swirl start chamber 6, and the tubular body is maintained as it is. In the swirl passage 30 in 1 while advancing toward the terminal end E while repeating swirl, the centrifugal force caused by swirling causes the dust 21 having a high specific gravity among the components of the exhaust gas 4 to flow around the swirl passage 30. The low-specific-gravity gas component 22 is separated toward the center side, and the soot dust 21 is caused to flow into the dust collection chamber 7, and the gas component 22 is caused to flow into the exhaust gas outlet pipe 3, respectively.

In order to improve the separation performance between the soot dust 21 and the gas component 22, the shape of the swivel guide plate 5 is an inclined shape in which the distance from the axial center 12 of the cylindrical main body 1 gradually increases as the starting end 10 approaches the terminal end 11. The number of times of swirling until the dust collecting chamber 7 is formed by increasing the pitch of the swirling flow 23 of the exhaust gas 4 by forming the exhaust gas 4 flowing from the exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 and deflecting the exhaust gas 4 toward the terminal end side E of the cylindrical main body 1. Of the swirling flow
The turning speed of 23 is maintained at a high speed up to the dust collecting chamber 7, and the centrifugal force is kept large.

In order to generate a larger centrifugal force, the swirl flow guide cylinder 14 is projected from the end plate 13 of the swirl guide plate 5 toward the terminal end side E, so that the passage cross-sectional area of the swirl passage 30 is changed.
It is made narrower by 14 so that the speed of the swirling flow 23 becomes high.

The soot dust 21 once separated is separated by the gas component 22 into the exhaust gas outlet pipe 3
In order to prevent the dust collection chamber 7 from being brought into the start end, the dust separation cylinder 16 is projected from the inner peripheral portion 15 of the start end toward the start end side S, and the end edge 17 of the swirl flow guide cylinder 14 is started at the start end of the dust separation cylinder 16. By positioning it at a position 20 closer to the terminal end E than the position 19 near the edge 18, the soot dust 21 collecting on the peripheral side and the gas content collecting on the center side
22 and 22 can be isolated by the dust separation cylinder 16.

In order to ensure the inflow of soot dust 21 into the dust collection chamber 7, the second
As shown in the figure, by inclining the right side of the dust collection chamber starting end wall 27 toward the terminal end side E, the dust collecting chamber starting end wall 27 has a tubular shape more than the end edge 34 of the starting edge 33 in the exhaust gas swirling direction. The opening width S _{1 of the} dust inlet 9 formed in the space between the starting edge 33 and the terminating edge 34 of the dust collecting chamber starting end wall 27 in the inflow direction of the soot dust 21 is deviated to the starting end side S of the shape body _1. The opening cross-sectional area is widened.

As shown in FIG. 3, the same purpose is to form the dust collection chamber starting end wall 27 in a spiral shape so that the dust collecting chamber starting end wall 27 has a starting end edge 33 in the exhaust gas swirling direction more than a trailing end edge 34. This can also be achieved by offsetting the shape body 1 toward the starting end side S and widening the opening width S ₂ .

In order to collect the soot dust 21 in the vicinity of the soot dust outlet 28, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the lower side of the dust collection chamber starting end wall 27 which constitutes the lower part of the dust collection chamber 7 where the soot dust 21 accumulates is located near the end side E. Thus, the dust collection chamber 7 is formed in a downward constricted shape.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a soot / dust separating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 (A) is a partially cutaway perspective view, FIG. 1 (B) is a vertical sectional side view, and FIG. ) Is a CC line sectional view of FIG. 1 (B). FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are plan views of essential parts of different modifications. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a conventional technique, FIG. 4 (A) is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 (A), and FIG. 4 (B) is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 (B). 1 ... Cylindrical body, S ... 1 start side, E ... 1 end side, 2 ...
Exhaust gas inlet pipe, 3 ... Exhaust gas outlet pipe, 4 ... Exhaust gas,
5 ... 4 turning guide plate, 6 ... turning start chamber, 7 ... dust collecting chamber, 8
… 7 start end face, 9… dust inlet, 10… 5 start end, 11… 5
End portion, 12 ... 1 axis, 13 ... 5 end plate, 14 ... swirl flow guide tube, 15 ... 7 start end inner peripheral portion, 16 ... soot separation tube, 17 ... 14
End edge of 18… 16 start edge, position near 19… 18, 20… 19
The position closer to E than to.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An exhaust gas inlet pipe 2 communicates with a central portion of a starting end side S in a tubular body 1 and an exhaust gas outlet pipe 3 communicates with a central portion of a terminating end side E, and a central portion of the starting end side S in the tubular main body 1 From the portion toward the peripheral portion, a swirl guide plate 5 for the exhaust gas 4 and an annular swirl start chamber 6 are provided in order, and a dust collecting chamber 7 is provided in the peripheral portion on the terminal end side E in the cylindrical main body 1 and the dust collecting chamber is provided. In a soot-dust separating device for exhaust gas from an engine, which is configured by opening a soot-dust inlet 9 on the starting end face 8 of 7, the shape of the swirling guide plate 5 is changed from the starting end 10 to the ending 11 of the tubular body 1. A device for separating dust from engine exhaust gas, characterized by being formed in an inclined shape in which the distance from the shaft center 12 gradually increases. 2. The device for separating dust from exhaust gas of an engine according to claim 1, wherein the swirl flow guide cylinder 14 is connected to the end side E from the end plate 13 of the swirl guide plate 5.
Of the dust collection chamber 7 from the inner peripheral portion 15 of the starting end of the dust collecting chamber 7 toward the starting end side S, and the end edge 17 of the swirling flow guiding tube 14 of the starting end edge 18 of the soot dust separating tube 16 A device for separating dust from exhaust gas of an engine, characterized in that the device is located at a position 19 near the position or a position 20 closer to the terminal end E than this.